IP Networking Untethered Alan O NeillO Flarion Technologies
Reliable link Low delay Link Layer Wish List Far fewer end-to to-end retransmissions Better Efficient transport layer (TCP/IP) User Experience Interactive applications supported (VoIP) Enhanced IP hand-off True make-before before-breakbreak Reliable seamless Mobile IP handoffs Just another IP access link IP to the Basestation Efficient IP Multicast Optimal IP QoS control Re-use IP Policy and management systems
flash-ofdm OFDM Access Router Combined Router and Base Station Functionality Extends Wired Internet Experience to Mobile User Adapts Wireless to the Internet and not vice-versa versa IP unicast and multicast routing with hand-off Enables Ideal TCP behavior over wireless Enables IP-based cellular multimedia services Maximizes Revenue/Hertz, not just bits/hertz
High Level Architecture Public Internet Mobility Agents Border Gateways / Firewall Back End Systems Managed IP Domain Standard Routers Access Routers / Base Stations The Unicast Internet doesn t need to change
IP Multicast Architecture Public Internet Multicast Content Mobility Agents Border Routers Multicast Content Managed IP Domain Standard Multicast Routers The multicast Internet doesn t need to change Reliable Unicast(s) Broadcast/Multicast
Roaming/Mobility Models AAA Corporate ISP1 AAA ISP2 AAA Public Internet AAA Managed IP Domain HA Access Routers The Policy Internet doesn t need to change
Interoperable IP Handoff Features Home Agent (HA) uses vanilla Mobile IP Foreign Agent (FA) uses vanilla Mobile IP + hand-off extensions facilitates inter-technology technology hand-offs Seamless to the user Minimum packet loss and latency Robust Proactive and reactive flavors
Mobile IP Handoff Remote Web Public Internet HA Public Internet Border Gateway(s) FA COA1 Packet Forwarding Context Transfer MS FA COA2 Access Router / Basestation
Unified mobility management Inter-Technology Handoff HA AAA MAN / LAN Operator AR AR Router + 802 Interface Router + 802 Interface Flash 802.11 Layer 2 MIP Client Layer 3
flash-ofdm OFDM TCP Advantage RTO Timer Evolution Approx. ARQ latency RTO Timer SRTT RTTVAR Reliable link Adaptive TCP bandwidth discovery as per wired Internet TCP BACK-OFF FAR LESS LIKELY flash-ofdm ARQ latency below TCP Retransmission Time-Out (RTO) No need for wireless-specific modification Round Trip Times short Interactivity and short-lived TCP transactions (web mice ) for a large user set TCP over 2.5/3G similar to TCP over Geo-synchronous satellites Long delays cause TCP to react slowly Transient congestions may take 10 s of seconds to be resolved TCP Options for Satellite Paths (RFC 2488) from Cisco IPJ, vol.3, no.2., Sept.2000 TCP Over 2.5G and 3G Wireless Networks, Draft-ietf ietf-pilc-2.5g3g-00.txt, Feb.2001
Interactive Multimedia Efficient Low latency air link No custom compression required Simple Voice treated as data Multiple data service levels PSTN/Cellular Media Gateway SIP Managed IP Domain Public Internet Best Effort (Variable Voice Quality) QoS Assured (Provisioning) QoS Assured (Provisioning)
Maximizing Revenue/Hertz Focus on Access Network and Not Just Air Link Maximized Mobile role in IP Resource Management Mobile Terminal Radio Access Router Edge Router NAS Host Internet Mobile Servers supported (e.g. 100 kbps cameras) Downlink Access Network Internet Impedance Matched Access Components Uplink Access Network flash-ofdm IP QoS IETF IP QoS Standards IETF standard tools utilized at / between pinch points ( Diff-serv, RSVP, etc.) Joint MAC / IP Layer optimization over air link Rich flexible QoS toolkit (unicast + multicast)
Enablers for IP QoS Over the Air Internet IP over foo IP over flash IP-aware Allocation, Fine-grained Control, Variable Burst Rates, Variable Durations One wired backhaul, multiple wire-like links Reliable, low latency air links with minimal mac layer QoS features Operator-defined and customized IP QoS services Fully integrated with AAA and user profiles Link layer Unicast / Broadcast / Multicast Mobile can simultaneously receive unicast and multicast Fully-scheduled, flash-ofdm air resource Downlink: IP aware scheduler in Access Router Uplink: add generic, lightweight assignment requests
Applications and Data Flow File transfer Web browsing Data (Kbytes) Data (Kbytes) Streaming Messaging VoIP Time (s)
Application Scheduling over flash-ofdm Audio Stream 56 kbps Messaging 1 KB/ 0.25s (32 kbps) Channel 2 Data (Kbytes) Data (Kbytes) Video Stream 128 kbps Channel 1 Time (s) Browsing 15 KB/s (120 kbps) File Transfer 1 MB/30s (264 kbps) VoIP 8 kbps
Flash-OFDM IP Advantage Reliable link Far fewer end-to to-end retransmissions Better Efficient transport layer (TCP/IP) User Experience Interactive applications supported (VoIP) Low delay Enhanced IP hand-off True make-before before-breakbreak Reliable seamless Mobile IP handoffs Just another IP access link IP to the Basestation Efficient IP Multicast Optimal IP QoS control Re-use IP Policy and management systems
Every Bit Wireless