Flat roof assembly system from Solarworld Design and installation

Flat roof assembly system from Solarworld Design and installation August 2009 SolarWorld. And EveryDay is a SunDay. www.solarworld-global.com

Proven quality simply clever Congratulations and thank you for choosing one of the high-quality Sunfix Assembly Systems from Solarworld AG. All Sunfix Assembly Systems are adapted individually to the situation on site-based on tested dimensions tables - and therefore offer the best possible and reliable used of the installation surface. Only the highest quality components are selected and used to ensure the trouble-free operation of your PV system. The directions below are simply intended to assist you in properly installing your Sunfix Assembly System and avoiding problems. Since individual circumstances may nonetheless vary, we advise you to seek expert assistance in adapting these recommendations to your particular roof situation. 2 Date: August 2009

Contents A Safety instructions Page 4 A 1 Hazard information Page 5 A 2 System design Page 6 A 3 Installation B Technical overview Page 7 B1 Construction of the system of assembly system Page 8 B2 Flat roof frame types Page 9 B3 External parameters Page 10 B4 Required ballast load C Assembly Page 11 C1 Bolting the frames Page 12 C2 Assembly of the profile surface Page 14 C3 Assembly of the frames Page 15 C 3.1 Assembly of the reinforcing strut (optional) Page 17 C4 Fixing the modules Page 17 C 4.1 Fixing the modules using frame type A (side-on module assembly) Page 19 C 4.2 Fixing the module using frame type B (end-on module assembly) Page 21 C5 Installation examples Page 25 C6 Fixing options Page 25 C 6.1 Hanger bolt fixing set Page 27 C 6.2 Trapezoidal roof fixing set Page 28 C 6.3 Standing seam clamp fixing set Page 29 C 6.4 Solar fastener fixing set Page 32 C7 Module connection Page 33 C8 Grounding Page 34 C9 Installation examples D Maintenance/Cleaning/ Page 35 Maintenance/Cleaning/Liability Liability 3

A Safety information X Please read all of the safety information and instructions carefully! X Non-adherence to the instructions below can cause electrocution, fire and/or serious injury. X Keep this manual safe for future reference! A1 Hazard information Risk of death by electric shock X Solar modules generate electricity as soon as they are exposed to light. The voltage of a single module is less than 50 V DC. When several modules are connected in series, the total voltage can be dangerously high and create a hazard. When the modules are connected in parallel, the currents are cumulative. Although touch protection is provided in the form of the fully insulated plug contacts, the following points must be observed when handling the solar modules to avoid the risk of fire, sparking and fatal electric shock: Do not install solar modules and cables with wet plugs and sockets! Perform any work on cables with the utmost care! High contact voltage can also occur in the inverter, even when it is isolated! 4 Risk of death by electric arc X Modules generate direct current (DC) when exposed to light. When breaking a connected string of modules (e.g. when disconnecting the DC line from the inverter under load), a lethally strong arc can occur: Never remove the solar generator from the inverter while it is still connected to the main grid. Ensure that the cable connections are in perfect working order (no cracking, no moisture, no contamination)!

A2 System design Generalsafetyinformation X Ensure that the substructure, support structure and other affected layers (such as an insulation layer) have adequate load capacity (based on dimensions, condition and suitable material properties). X When using ballast for position stability, make sure that the substructure has sufficient reserve load capacity. X Check whether protective mats are needed when securing the installation position with ballast. If this is the case, ensure that they are made of suitable materials. If you are uncertain as to the compatibility of the protective mat and the roof flashing materials, we would recommend fitting a separating mat layer. X The friction coefficient between the surface of the roof and the ballast element of the flat roof frames (e.g. concrete element) should be μ 0.6. X Make sure that the runoff of rainwater is not impeded. X Consider structural aspects, such as the possible formation of condensation caused by penetration through insulating layers. X In case of doubt, consult an expert (e.g. a structural engineer). X Protect cables installed out of doors from weathering, UV light and mechanical damage using suitable precautions (such as by using UV-resistant plastic pipes or metal conduits). X The distance between the module rows is calculated individually from the angle of inclination of the modules and the minimum angle of insolation at your location. Safety information for the edge areas X Air turbulence and therefore also significantly higher wind loads are to be expected around the corners and edge areas of roofs (cf. DIN 1055-4 and EC1). The installation of raised PV systems is not permitted in these areas. These areas (1.20 m from the long side of the building and 1.50 m from the narrow side of the building) must be kept clear at all times. X If the PV system is to be fixed onto the roof with ballasting (such as concrete slabs), then the outer elements should be weighted down with heavier loads (dark grey elements, see Fig.). Distance from edge to be maintained a = 1.20 m (long side of building) b = 1.50 m (narrow side of building) a b 5

A3 Installation Generalsafetyinformation X All work on the PV system (installation, commissioning, maintenance, repair) must exclusively be performed by adequately qualified and authorized persons. X Observe all local and national code requirements for the prevention of accidents during installation. X Secure persons working on the roof of a building higher than 3 m against falling with appropriate protective equipment. X Protect persons on the ground against falling objects with appropriate barriers. X Observe the safety instructions provided with all of the other system components. X Comply with all local codes and standards applicable in the relevant country for installation and commissioning. X The system connection to the public grid may only be performed by a qualified electrician. X Observe the applicable rules and standards for the respective country relating to installations on roofs. X When arranging the profiles: ensure that there is a gap of 5-7 mm between the end faces of the individual profiles. Special safety instructions X Observe the user information for modules and inverters, as well as the installation and wiring diagrams enclosed with the system supplied. X Ensure that all bolted connections are tightened properly. X Ensure that they are tightened to a torque of 20 Nm. 6

Distance of flat roof frame overhang Technical overview of assembly system B The Sunfix Assembly System for flat roofs is a support structure for the raised installation of PV modules. This means that it is possible to mount the PV modules in line with or towards the pitch of the roof. The roof pitch can be between 0 and 20. It is possible to mount the modules at right angles to the roof pitch up to a pitch of 5 with reinforcing elements, and modules fixed at right angles (flat roof frame type A) even up to 20. B1 System design 1 2 1 3 Overview of system construction 1 Flat roof frame The flat roof frames with an angle of inclination of 15, 20 or 30 are manufactured from bolted, untreated aluminumprofiles. 2 Mountingprofiles The mounting profiles made of extruded untreated aluminum are bolted to the flat roof frame. 3 Modulefixing The modules are clamped to the supporting profiles. The clamping connection parts are made of V2A and aluminum. To prevent it from tipping and lifting, the flat roof frame must either be weighted down with ballast or joined in a force-locking way to the sub-structure. Ballast and any protective matting required is not included with the system. Please refer to section C4 for possible fixing elements. 7

B2 Flat roof frame types The modules can be mounted horizontally and vertically. Two different flat roof frames (type A and B) are needed for this. Both flat roof frames can be supplied with mounting angles of 15, 20 and 30. Flat roof frame type A (side on / horizontal installation of modules) Side view of flat roof frame type A Example of a system shown using flat roof frame type A Flat roof frame type B (end on / vertical installation of modules) α h b l Side view of flat roof frame type B Example of a system shown using flat roof frame type B Flat roof framedimensions Angle α Height h [mm] l [mm] Drill hole spacing b [mm] 15 320 1200 850 Type A 20 410 1200 850 30 570 1200 850 15 320 1050 1000 Type B 20 410 1050 1000 30 570 1050 1000 The maximum distance between the flat roof frames and the maximum overhang depends on the height of the building, the snow and wind load assumed for the region, the lie of the land and the height above sea level. It is therefore impossible to provide universal dimensions for this. Please refer to the system design for more accurate figures for your system. 8

B3 External parameters All of the external parameters to be observed are summarized in the following tables: Flat roof frame parameters Type A (side on / horizontal modules) Direction of the mounting with/towards the roof pitch at right angles to the roof pitch Wind load zone Depending on location/country Depending on location/country Snow load zone Depending on location/country Depending on location/country Height above sea level [m] Depending on location/country Depending on location/country Building height [m] 25 25 Allowable roof pitch [ ] 0 to 20 0 to 20 Reinforcing struts Frame spacing [m] not required as required, depending on system design required for 5 roof pitch and above! 1 strut per module with reinforcement: e = 1.23 m or 0.95 m (depending on load)* otherwise as required, depending on system design *) The exact frame distance depends on the angle of the mounting and the tolerances of the drill holes, see Chapter C3.1 (Fitting the reinforcing strut). Non-standard solutions are available on request owing to the individual nature of the system design! Flat roof frame parameters Type B (end on / vertical modules) Direction of the mounting with/towards the roof pitch at right angles to the roof pitch Wind load zone Depending on location/country Depending on location/country Snow load zone Depending on location/country Depending on location/country Height above sea level [m] Depending on location/country Depending on location/country Building height [m] 25 25 Allowable roof pitch [ ] 0 to 20 0 to 5 Reinforcing struts not required Frame spacing [m] as required, depending on system design Non-standard solutions are available on request owing to the individual nature of the system design! 9

B4 Required ballast load If the frames are not planned to be connected directly to the roof, then ballast must be provided, depending on the external parameters. This will ensure that the system is prevented from lifting, tipping or being displaced by wind loads. The expected wind loads must be calculated separately for each system, as they are dependent on the building type and its location. The following table shows ballast loads calculated for a building in wind load zone 1 in Germany with a module inclination of 30 (based on wind loads in accordance with the German standard DIN 1055-4). Building height [m] Wind load q [KN/m²] Minimum required ballast load with a module angle of 30 [kg] per m² module surface per SW 200-225 module Edge area Innerarea Edge area Innerarea 0-10 0,50 121 61 202 101 10-18 0,65 161 81 270 135 18-25 0,75 187 94 314 157 Other figures will apply to differing mounting angles and wind load zones. The necessary loads are an integral part of every system design and are calculated separately for each system. The ballast required for the relevant system depends on the wind load assumptions applicable in the respective countryand thecorrespondingstandards. 10

Assembly C The Sunfix Assembly System for flat roofs is very simple to install. The order of steps described here is provided only by way of suggestion. C1 Assembly of the frames The frames consist of 3 aluminum angle profiles, which are bolted together. The dimensions of the aluminum profiles depend on the angle of the mounting (15, 20 or 30 ). If the mounting is at a right angle to the roof pitch, then reinforcing struts are needed for frames used on roof pitches of more than 5. These conduct any horizontal loads caused by snow and wind into the roof structure. The frames are delivered pre-assembled and need only to be assembled and bolted as shown in the following two figures (tightening torque: 20 Nm). Join and bolt the profiles together Flat roof frame as delivered Flat roof frame, ready assembled The three aluminum profiles are bolted in each corner with a V2A hexagonal bolt and nut with an M6 flange (type A) or an M8 flange (type B) (tightening torque: 20 Nm). The upper profile, to which the modules are fixed, has an overhang at its top end (cf. Fig.). 6 3 4 7 3 2 1 7 4 3 1 Solar power module 2 Frame, bolted 3 Hexagonal bolt + nut (M6 for frame type A, M8 for frame type B) 4 Clamp 5 Roof construction 6 Reinforcing strut (optional only) 7 Supporting profile 5 11 Flat roof frame, fitted (frame type A is shown here)

C2 Assembly of the profile surface The mounting profiles are fitted in single or double layers under the flat roof frame. The structure depends on the orientation of the module and the roof construction. Two profile layers Example of a system with two profile layers under the flat roof frame One profile layer Example of a system with one layer of profiles under the flat roof frame There are different supporting profiles available depending on the substructure, the loads (snow, wind) and the type of mounting. All of the profiles can be individually combined with each other. 12

The profiles are factory-cut to the required length and therefore only have to be adjusted on site in special circumstances. Fix 60 Fix Trapez for riveting to trapezoidal metal sheeting Fix 43 Overview of profile types Fix 80 Distance of 5-7 mm Slip joints for Fix 43, Fix 60 and Fix 80 The individual lengths of profile are joined to each other with slip joints. One slip joint is needed per side with Fix 43, Fix 60 and Fix 80 support profile types, that is two slip joints per join. X Allow a spacing of 5-7 mm between the profiles. Two layers of frame can be joined together using clamps. 2 clamps are needed per intersection. Clamp connection Note on supporting profiles: For structural reasons, the support profiles should always be fitted end on (upright)! Profile fitted correctly Profile fitted incorrectly! 13

C3 Assembly of the frames Fix the frames with M8 T-head bolts with the flange nut on the surface of the profile. The distances between the frames are specified for structural reasons and can be found in the individual system design. A Detail A 14

C3.1 Assembly of the reinforcing strut (optional with frame type A) If the mounting is to be fitted at a right angle to the roof pitch and roof pitch is between 5 and 20, then the frame construction must be reinforced with reinforcing struts. The spacing between the frames is defined in this case as e = approx. 1.23 m (standard) or e = 0.95 m (heavy loads). One strut is needed per module. Bolt the struts with a stainless steel M6 flange hexagonal bolt and nut to the back of the frame (tightening torque: 20 Nm). This means that one end of the strut is at the top end of one frame and the other end is fixed to the bottom of the neighboring frame. We would recommend proceeding as follows: 1. Once the frames have been bolted, bolt the first frame onto the perpendicular running supporting profiles using 2 T-head bolts until it is hand tight. e = 1,23 m or 0,95 m 2. Then fix the second frame at a spacing of e = 1.23 m or e = 0.95 m until it is also hand tight. 3. Now join the two frames using the reinforcing struts. The frames can now be positioned exactly and all of the bolts can be tightened until firm (tightening torque: 20 Nm). The highest point of every reinforcing strut must point towards the ridge of the roof. Fit all of the other reinforcing struts needed in the same way. The number of struts is specified individually for every system and can be found in the design documents. The precise frame spacings depend on the angle of the mounting and the tolerances of the drill holes, hence the reason why the frames should be carefully aligned before the bolts are tightened. 15

Finished construction of a row of modules with reinforcing struts (example) Detail of the frame/reinforcing strut join 16

C4 Fixing the modules The modules are clamped onto the supporting profiles (also known as the clamping layer). There are two different flat roof frame types, as outlined in Chapter B2 - type A (fitted horizontally) and type B (fitted vertically). C4.1 Fixing modules with frame type A (modules fitted horizontally) 1. Fix the supporting profiles to the flat roof frame with M8 T-head bolts. A Important: Fit the supporting profiles on end (cf. Chapter C2)! Detail A A Flat roof frame B Mounting profile C M8 x 20 T-head bolt B C B A A 17

2. Now bolt the modules to the supporting profiles. B Detail B F D G D E D Clamping disc E M8 x 53 T-head bolt F Nut with ratchet toothing G Spacer 18

C4.2 Fixing modules with frame type B (modules fitted vertically) C 1. Fix the supporting profiles to the flat roof frame with M8 T-head bolts. Important: Fit the supporting profiles on end! Detail C A Flat roof frame B Mounting profile C M8 x 20 T-head bolt B C B A A 19

2. Now bolt the modules to the supporting profiles. D Detail D F D Clamping disc E M8 x 49 T-head bolt F Nut with ratchet toothing G Spacer D G E Generalinformation X Use a torque wrench to ensure that the bolt is tightened to the required contact pressure of 20 Nm. X Please note that it may not be possible to loosen the tightened stainless steel bolts without them being damaged beyond repair. X Align and position the modules precisely. X Tighten the bolts to the specified torque. X Carry out regular random checks on the specified torque of the bolts to ensure that the bolts or parts which they join are prevented from coming loose. We would recommend that a random check is carried out every two years. Fixing the modules using shear nuts Shear nuts can be provided for the solar modules as anti-theft protection. The hexagonal part of the nut shears off when the tightening torque has been reached. The bolt can therefore only be loosened with great difficulty. 20 Clamp after fixing the hexagonal drive has sheared off. The nut can no longer be loosened without the nut being damaged beyond repair. Clamp before fixing (Clamp FDR type A is shown)

C5 Installation examples A PV system is shown fitted to a corrugated fibre cement roof by way of example. Hanger bolts and an aluminum double flange are used to fix it to the substructure. The modules are mounted using flat roof frame type A (modules fitted on their side). 1. Preparatorywork We would recommend loosely pre-fitting the profile clamps and module fixings before commencing assembly of the modules. Profile clamp fixing Clamp FDR type A is shown 2. Define the position of the system and the fixing points Determine the position of the system on the roof and mark this. Note the relevant distances from the edge specified in the design documents. Position the support points (in this case hanger bolts/double flange) as shown on the installation plan provided. Position of the purlins 21

3. Fitting the fixing points Fit the hanger bolts and double flanges at the specified positions. X Refer here to Chapter C6 - Fixing options. 4. Fitting the lower layer of supporting profiles Align the vertical supporting profiles upwards and downwards and fix each one to the double flange with a T-head bolt. Always fit the supporting profiles on end (vertically) for structural reasons. If required, fit a connector between the profiles. 22

5. Fitting the upper layer of supporting profiles Mark the position of the horizontal supporting profiles as per the installation plan and fit the horizontal supporting profile using two profile clamps. Fit the supporting profiles on end. 6. Fitting the flat roof frames Now install the flat roof frames at the specified distance from each other (refer to the installation plan). 23

7. Fitting the upper layer of profiles (clamping later) Now the upper profiles can be bolted to the flat roof frames. Here profiles can be fitted with connectors (cf. Point 4). Fit the profiles on end! 8. Assembling the modules Now the long sides of the modules can be fixed to the supporting profiles using module clamps. Use a torque wrench when fitting the modules. Apply a torque of 20 Nm. Refer to the User Information on Modules supplied with the modules. 24 24 090223 SW MA Flachdach EN 0030.indd 24 30.09.2009 14:45:22 Uhr

C6 Fixing options C6.1 Hanger bolt fixing set Hanger bolts are ideal for fixing onto fiber cement corrugated sheets and trapezoidal roof panels with a timber substructure. Hanger bolt with flange Hanger bolt with double flange 2 11 11 11 1 4 4 5 10 7 9 8 3 6 1 Hanger bolt 2 Flange nut 3 Flange or double flange 4 Flange nut 5 EPDM seal 6 Covering 7 Timber substructure 8 Supporting profile 9 T-head bolt 10 M8 flange nut 11 M10/M12 spacer 2 3 4 5 6 1 8 10 11 9 7 min 90 mm max 212 mm 25

There are several possible attachment methods when using hanger bolts. A hanger bolt, with either a single flange or double flange, is used depending on the substructure and other requirements. Components X V2A hanger bolt with EPDM seal X Nuts X Spacers X Supporting profile fitting (flange or double flange) X M8 x 20 T-head screws with flange nuts Assembly 1. Mark the fixing point. To ensure that the roof can drain properly, alwaysarrange the fixing points in the high points of the roof. 2. Pre-drill through the roof covering (ds +2 mm, where ds is the nominal diameter of the bolt) and the substructure (0.7 x ds). 3. Screw in the hanger bolt sufficiently far: anchoring depth: 70 mm 4. Carefully press the EPDM seal onto the roof covering. 5. Clamp the fixing element between the two upper flange nuts (cf. Fig.). X Ensure that the connection is aligned as according to the assembly instructions. X The minimum dimensions of the purlins are w/h 70x70 (84/70) mm for a Ø10 (12) mm hanger bolt in accordance with DIN 1052, the German standard for timber construction. The height between the hanger bolts can be adjusted by means of metric thread. 26

C6.2 Trapezoidal roof fixing set The trapezoidal roof fixing set is ideal for fixing the modules on steel trapezoidal roofs with a thickness of 0.63mm. The supporting profile lies directly on the trapezoidal sheet metal, separated by an EPDM sandwich layer. It is fixed to the roof covering by means of press-plated blind rivets. The number of rivets is stipulated by the structural conditions when press-plate blind rivets are used. Please refer to your system design for the required number and position of the rivets. 1. Position the first rivet at the end of the profile above the fitting for the supporting profile. 2. Then arrange the rivets alternately above and below. The pre-drilling diameter for the rivets is 5.4 mm. 1 Press-plate blind rivets 2 EPDM sandwich layer 3 High section of corrugation 1 2 3 27

C6.3 Standing seam clamp fixing set The standing seam fixing set is ideal for fixing to metal roof covers with a simple or double standing seam. The standing seam clamp is available in aluminum, stainless steel and copper, depending on the material of the roof cover. 1 2 3 5 4 6 7 1 Supporting profile 2 Spacer 3 Flange nut 4 T-head bolt 5 Standing seam clamp 6 Standing seam roof 7 Substructure Components X Standing seam clamp X M8 x 20 T-head bolt X M8 Flange nut X Spacer The load capacity of each clamp is 80 kg at a tightening torque of 35 Nm. X Ensure on site that the load is transferred from the metal roof cover to the substructure. X Distribute the clamps over the roof so that as many seams as possible carry the load. Further clamps are available, for example for Kalzip and RibRoof roofs. 28

C6.4 Solar fastener fixing set The solar fastener is a fixing for mounting PV systems onto sandwich roofs. It is available in different versions and is bolted into the support substructure of the roof (timber or steel). Greater stability and tightness of the construction is provided by the calotte included with the set. The solar fastener can also be fixed into trapezoidal and corrugated roofs. Callot steel or timber substructure Installed on a sandwich roof Please note the following points when fitting the solar fastener: X Always anchor the solar fastener to the substructure. X Ensure that the connection point is in the raised point of the roof element (raised corrugation). X Steel and timber purlins can be used as the substructure. X Observe the general technical approval Z.14.4-532. 29

We recommend proceeding as follows when fitting the solar fastener: 1. Select the pre-drill diameter from the table. 2. Select the drill length and drill hole depth according to the length of the bolt. 3. Make the drill hole. X The depth of the drill hole must be at least 10 mm larger than the penetration depth of the bolt. X The drill hole must be at right angles to the surface. 4. Remove any swarf from the surface. 5. Screw in the solar fastener using a power screwdriver and a suitable bit (cf. Table) at a speed of n 100 rpm. X The sealing disc should not be compressed by more than 25%. Solar fastener Designation Substructure [mm] Predrilling-Ø [mm] Actuation on setscrew Screw length/ screw-in depth [mm] JZ3-SB-8.0xL-E16/8 + storm washer JZ3-SB-8.0xL-FZD 1.5 < 5.0 5.0 < 7.5 7.5 < 10 10 mm 6.8 7.0 7.2 7.4 SW 5 Screw length: thickness of the sandwich panel or corrugation height + 20 mm JA3-SB-6.5xL-E16 + storm washer JA3-SB-8.0xL-E16/8 + storm washer JA3-SB-6.5xL-FZD Wood 4.5 SW 4 Embedment in wood: 26 75 5.5 SW 5 32 96 4.5 SW 4 26 75 JA3-SB-8.0xL-FZD Wood 5.5 SW 5 32 96 JA3-SB-10.0xL-FZD 7.0 SW 5 40 120 30

Additional measures with transverse loading of the solar fastener If the solar fasteners will be subjected to perpendicular forces to the profile plates, extra corrugated fasteners must be used to attach the profile plates to the substructure. Install these fasteners in the immediately adjacent troughs to the solar fastener at the same height. If there are perpendicular forces along the profile plates, joints that are farther away may need additional corrugated fasteners to transfer the load. Ensure that the perpendicular forces are completely transferred from the solar fasteners to the substructure. too little correct Solar fastener under transverse loading too tight The following Ejot bolts can be used: Timber substructures Bolts: Length L: Pre-drilling diameter: JT3-2-6.5xL with Ø 22 mm sealing disc Thickness of the sandwich profile in the trough + 50 mm without pre-drilling Steelsubstructure Bolts: Length L: Pre-drilling diameter: JZ3-2-6.3xL with Ø 22 mm sealing disc Thickness of the sandwich profile in the trough + 20 mm dependent on the thickness of the steel element: Thickness of the steel element [mm] Pre-drilling diameter [mm] 2.0 d 5.0 5.3 5.0 d 7.0 5.5 d 7.0 5.7 31

C7 Module connection String 1 String 2 Attention: The series connection of modules may result in potentially fatal voltages! 3 1. Wire the modules using the wiring diagram. X Adhere to the provisions of the wiring diagram (string distribution, electrical switches, group cables). Incorrect wiring may cause damage to the inverter and/or the modules. X In order to keep inductive coupling as low as possible in the event of a lightning strike, the supply and return cables (+/-) of the string should be laid as closely to each other as possible (avoid loops). X Do not allow the minimum bending radius of the cables to be below 5x the cable diameter. X Do not lay or install any modules at a temperature of less than -5 C. 2 X Keep plugs and sockets dry during installation. 2. Install the group cable. 3. Attach the cable to the supporting profile using the UV-resistantcable ties. 1 4. Install and wire the subsequent module rows. Observe the polarity when doing so. Testing 1. Check the correct generator connection of the multi-string solar generator by measuring the open circuit voltages of the individual strings. 2. Compare the measured values to the specification. Deviating values indicate wiring errors! X Never connect the inverter for test purposes. 1 Mains power 2 Inverter 3 Solar power generator X The solar power system may only be connected to the public grid and isolated by an authorized electrician. X The technical instructions enclosed with the unit must be strictly adhered to for the installation, electrical connection and operation of the inverter. 32

C8 Grounding The installation company is responsible for ensuring the professional grounding of the system. No external lightning protection A ground is recommended for the PV module frame and mounting frame. Connect all electrical conducting parts to each other with measures suited to this purpose and connect them to the primary earth connector (PAS) with at least 6mm² (copper). External lightning protection in place The PV module frame and mounting frame must be incorporated in the scheme to protect against a direct lightning hit. Consider obtaining advice from a lightning protection expert. 33

C9 Installation examples Example1 Secure the system from tipping and lifting with ballast. 6 5 4 1 7 2 3 1 Roof skin 2 Protective mat 3 Ballast (provided by others) 4 Flat roof frame, bolted 5 Mounting profile 6 Solar power module 7 Existing flat roof (e.g. steel concrete roof with insulation) The system design also provides information on the required loads/ballast (Pos. 3) for the flat roof frame. This must be provided and installed on site (e.g. concrete slabs). The ballast loads needed are listed by way of example in Chapter B4 of this installation manual. These depend on the height of the building, the mounting angle and the wind loads and are calculated individually for each system. Example 2 Fixing onto a standing seam roof 5 4 3 1 Standing seam roof 2 Standing seam clamp 3 Flat roof frame 4 Mounting profile 5 Solar power module 2 1 34

Maintenance/Cleaning/Liability D Maintenance andcleaning X It is not generally necessary to clean the modules where there is a roof pitch of more than 15 (rainfall will have a self-cleaning effect). X In the event of heavy contamination (reduced performance), we would recommend cleaning the modules with plenty of water (from a hose) without cleaning agents and using a gentle cleaning tool (sponge). Dirt must never be scraped or rubbed away when the modules are dry as this may cause micro-scratches, which can have an adverse effect on the performance of the modules. X The generator field should be inspected at regular intervals (at least once every two years) to ensure that it has a flawless condition (visual inspection, checking of joins). Liability X Since observance of these installation instructions and the conditions and methods of installation, operation, use and maintenance of the Sunfix Assembly System cannot be checked or monitored by SolarWorld AG, SolarWorld AG accepts no liability for damage arising through improper use or incorrect installation, operation, use or maintenance. Moreover, SolarWorld assumes no liability unless SolarWorld, its representatives or vicarious agents are accused of gross negligence or intent. The previous restrictions do not apply to damages relating to fatal injury or physical injury or inhury to health, as well as in cases applicable to other laws,such as the liability for assumption of guarantee, liability according to the German Product Liability Act (Produkthaftungsgesetz) or in the case of infringements of important contractual obligations (cardinal obligations). X Regardless of the previously described limitations of liability, SolarWorld assumes no liability for infringements of patent law or infringements of third party rights arising from the use of the modules and the assembly system, as is present under the regulations previously described. X The text and figures in this manual comply with the state of technology at the time of printing. Subject to change. 35

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