Protocols for Dummies

Protocols for Dummies Part 1: SMB Family March 20, 2014 Peter Murray Senior Product Specialist

Housekeeping Items Ask Questions Ask questions throughout the presentation by typing them into the chat area of your WebEx console We will address as many questions at the end as possible Recording & Slides Everyone who registers for the webinar trainings will receive: Link to WebEx recording Link to PDF copy of the slides 2

Announcements Webinar Schedule April 24 v3.6 Product Release Learn all the latest and greatest product feature in the newest product release! May 15 Flash Testing How to best validate Flash storage performance including de-dup and compressions June 19 Workload Modeling Review of workloads including VDI July 17 How to Win the Storage Bake- Off Stories from the trenches Aug 21 Storage Protocols for Dummies Part 2 We have lots of information to cover 3

Speaker Peter Murray Senior Product Specialist Peter Murray is an expert with more than 25 years of experience in storage and network testing. Prior to joining Load DynamiX in 2009, Peter worked with leading vendors including F5 Networks and Spirent Communications, and was extensively involved with the architecture and design of networked testing products and customer engagements. 4

CIFS/SMB: Windows XP Windows Server 2003/2008 R1

TCP Connect Enter Server IP address TCP Destination Port 445

Negotiate Use LM 0.12 Dialect Remaining are historical Unicode Strings = True

Session Setup Domain Name: WORKGROUP for server login Full domain name for domain-based login Some vendors require Machine Name Authentication required May use one username and password for all users Domain-based login to be addressed in a future Webinar Use Virtual Circuit 1

Tree Connect Format is \\<server>\share Windows ignores all characters between \\ and \ except some clustered implementations

Directory Creation: Create or Open File Used for creating, opening or deleting a directory Path is directory name Literal is used here Create Disposition: Typically use Open if Exists, Create otherwise (See next slide) Create Options: Flag as Directory=True creates or opens the directory Hint Delete-On-Close deletes the directory when closed

Disposition: How to Create/Open Directory or File Open if Exists, Create otherwise If it s there, use it. If not, create it Supercede if exists, Create otherwise If it s there, erase the content and start over. If new, create it Open if exists, fail otherwise use when you expect a file or directory to be present. Otherwise, fail the open Fail if exists, Create otherwise fail the open if the file already exists, create otherwise Overwrite if exists, Fail otherwise If it s there, write over existing content. If not, fail the Open Overwrite if exists, create otherwise If there, write over existing content. If not, create it

File Creation: Create or Open File Used for creating, opening or deleting a file Path is file name User parameter reference shown here Create Options: None usually required Hint Delete-On-Close deletes a file when closed Create Disposition: Typically use Open if Exists, Create otherwise.

File Write Automatic Offset True enables long file writes Note: Bytes per Block must be less than 65535 Avoids splitting a request in two due to SMB padding Bytes Total defines total write E.g. Block size 65500 and Bytes Total 655,000 results in 10 Read requests on the wire Block Sequence writes blocks forward, backwards or randomly within Total Bytes

Remaining Commands File/share/session handle configuration is occasionally required for File Close, Tree Disconnect or Session Logoff Only needed if multiple files, shares, or sessions commands opened in one Scenario

SMB2: Windows 7 Windows Server 2008 R2

Negotiate Dialects: SMB2.002: SMB2 SMB 2.1: SMB2.1 SMB 2.24 Beta SMB3 SMB 3.0: RTM SMB3 Capabilities: All are optional Used with SMB 2.1 and SMB3 SMB 2.0 capabilities: Distributed File System

Session Setup Domain Name: WORKGROUP for server login Full domain name for domain-based login Some vendors require Machine Name Authentication required May use one username and password for all users Domain-based login to be addressed in a future Webinar

Session Setup: NTLM Flags Windows 7 settings Hex: E2088217 Copy NTLM Flags value from PCAP (either hex as shown above or decimal) and paste directly in dropdown pane at top of NTLM Flags rather than setting flags individually

Directory Creation: Create File Used for creating, opening or deleting a directory Path is directory name Literal is used here Create Disposition: Typically use Open if Exists, Create otherwise Create Options: Flag as Directory=True creates or opens the directory Hint Delete-On-Close deletes the directory when closed

File Creation: Create File Used for creating, opening or deleting a file Path is file name User parameter reference shown here Create Disposition: Typically use Open if Exists, Create otherwise Create Options: None usually required Hint Delete-On-Close deletes a file when closed

File Write Automatic Offset True enables long file writes Note: Bytes per Block must be less than 65535 Avoids splitting a request in two due to SMB padding Bytes Total defines total write E.g. Block size 65500 and Bytes Total 655,000 results in 10 Read requests on the wire Block Sequence writes blocks forward, backwards or randomly within Total Bytes

Remaining Commands File/share/session handle configuration is occasionally required for File Close, Tree Disconnect or Session Logoff Only needed if multiple files, shares, or sessions commands opened in one Scenario

SMB2.1/SMB3 Hybrid: Windows 8, 8.1 Windows Server 2012

Negotiate Required dialects: SMB2.002: SMB2 SMB 2.1: SMB2.1 SMB 3.0: RTM SMB3 Capabilities: All are optional Used with SMB 2.1 and SMB3 SMB 2.1 capabilities: Distributed File System Leasing Large MTU (Multi-Credit) SMB 3.0 capabilities: Persistent Handles Directory Leasing Encryption

Session Setup Domain Name: WORKGROUP for server login Full domain name for domain-based login Some vendors require Machine Name Authentication required May use one username and password for all users Domain-based login to be addressed in a future Webinar

Session Setup: NTLM Flags Windows 8 settings Hex: E2088297 Copy NTLM Flags value from PCAP (either hex as shown above or decimal) and paste directly in dropdown pane at top of NTLM Flags PCAP rather than setting flags individually

Validate Negotiate Verifies that a client has connected to a real SMB3 server Helps prevent Man in the Middle attacks Revalidates the Capabilities first specified in Negotiate

Query Network Interface Determines if multiple interfaces are available on server If present, may be one or more: Ethernet interfaces 10G Ethernet iwarp (RDMA) interfaces Infiniband RDMA interfaces Other interfaces may be shared iwarp and Infiniband interfaces enable highspeed large data transfers

Remaining Commands Share/session handle configuration is occasionally required for Tree Disconnect or Session Logoff Only needed if multiple files, shares, or sessions commands opened in one Scenario Advanced copy using SMB3 will be a topic in a future Webinar

More to Come Future Protocol for Dummies webinars will address: NFSv3, NFSv4 and NFSv4.1 Fibrechannel iscsi Many advanced topics: Writing / Reading with complex content types Working with metadata Compound vs. Async command config and processing And more! Please stay tuned 35

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