Graphics formats and tools Images à recevoir Stand DRG
The different types of graphics format Graphics formats can be classified broadly in 3 different groups -Vector - Raster (or bitmap) - Page description language (PDL) Graphics formats and tools 2
Vector formats In a vector format (revisable) a line is defined by 2 points, the text can be edited Graphics formats and tools 3
Raster (bitmap) format A raster (bitmap) format is like a photograph; the number of dots/cm defines the quality of the drawing Graphics formats and tools 4
Page description language (PDL) formats A page description language is a programming language that describes the appearance of a printed page at a higher level than an actual output bitmap Adobe s PostScript (.ps), Encapsulated PostScript (.eps) and Portable Document Format (.pdf) are some of the best known page description languages Encapsulated PostScript (.eps) is commonly used for graphics It can contain both unstructured vector information as well as raster (bitmap) data Since it comprises a mixture of data, its quality and usability are variable Graphics formats and tools 5
Background Since the invention of computing, or more precisely since the creation of computer-assisted drawing (CAD), two main professions have evolved - Desktop publishing (DTP) developed principally on Macintosh - Computer-assisted drawing or design (CAD) developed principally on IBM (International Business Machines) Graphics formats and tools 6
Use of DTP applications Used greatly in the fields of marketing, journalism and industrial design, DTP applications fulfil the needs of various professions - from sketches and mock-ups to fashion design - interior design - coachwork (body work) design - web page design -etc. Graphics formats and tools 7
Principal DTP applications DTP applications are provided by three major market players - Adobe Illustrator - Corel Draw - Macromedia Freehand Raster applications are mainly - Corel Painter (oriented towards painting) - Corel Photopaint The two main applications that work with both raster and vector formats are - Adobe Photoshop - Adobe Fireworks Graphics formats and tools 8
Use of CAD applications The setup of technical engineering systems, and their interactions and possible incompatibilities, all belong to the knowledge domain of the engineer. CAD applications allow the design of complex systems that surpass human ability in the fields of - mechanical engineering - building - electronic engineering - all types of graphical representation (instructions for assembly and use) DTP applications may also be used alongside engineering applications (e.g. for the creation of documents). Graphics formats and tools 9
Principal CAD applications Each engineering field has specialized software with functionalities that are optimized for its needs The principal mechanical engineering applications - Pro-Engineer -Catia - Inventor The principal building/architecural applications -ArchiCAD - AutoCAD - Allplan The principal electronic engineering applications - Altium Designer - Eagle -Kicad Graphics formats and tools 10
and therefore it is necessary to choose amongst the multitude of applications available in the world Since ISO s work programme spans Such choices were made by the ITSIG-GRAPH numerous fields group (AFNOR, BSI, DIN, NEN, UNI), TC 10 and TC 213 on its the drawing basis of office the functionalities has to process and as ease many of exchange different of each types application of drawing and as of there are types of drawings professions found in standards Graphics formats and tools 11
A precise classification of the different types of graphic thus became necessary Graphics formats and tools 12
Classification of the different types of ISO graphic Technical drawing Itsig-Graph definition: technical information, given on an information carrier, graphically presented in accordance with the published rules of ISO/TC 10 and ISO/TC 213 Permissible extensions: -.dwg/.dxf (AutoCAD) -.ai (Illustrator) -.eps (vectorized) Note: If dimensioning is not in conformity with ISO 129-1, technical drawings are corrected using AutoCAD. Graphics formats and tools 13
Classification of the different types of ISO graphic Diagram Itsig-Graph definition: drawing in which graphical symbols are used to indicate the function of the components of a system and their relationships Permissible extensions: -.dwg/.dxf (AutoCAD) -.ai (Illustrator) -.eps (vectorized) Note: If dimensioning is not in conformity with ISO 129-1, diagrams are corrected using AutoCAD. Graphics formats and tools 14
Classification of the different types of ISO graphic Chart Itsig-Graph definition: drawing in which graphical symbols are used to indicate the function of the components of a process or organizational structure and their relationships Permissible extensions: -.dwg/.dxf (AutoCAD) -.ai (Illustrator) -.eps (vectorized) -.vsd (Microsoft Visio) -.ppt (Microsoft PowerPoint) Under discussion: -.odg (Open Office) -.doc (Microsoft Word vectorized) Graphics formats and tools 15
Classification of the different types of ISO graphic Graph Itsig-Graph definition: graphical presentation, usually within a coordinate system, expressing the relationship between two or more variable quantities Permissible extensions: -.dwg/.dxf (AutoCAD) -.ai (Illustrator) -.eps (vectorized) -.xls (Microsoft Excel) Under discussion: -.ods (Open Office) Graphics formats and tools 16
Classification of the different types of ISO graphic Illustration Itsig-Graph definition: drawing which illustrates an element of the related text but which is not a technical drawing, a diagram, a chart, a graph, a photograph or a graphical symbol Permissible extensions if the illustration contains text: -.dwg/.dxf (AutoCAD) -.ai (Illustrator) -.eps (vectorized) -.vsd (Microsoft Visio) -.ppt (Microsoft PowerPoint) Additional permissible extensions if Under discussion : the illustration does not contain text: -.odg (Open Office) -.tif -.doc (Microsoft Word vectorized) -.jpeg -.gif Graphics formats and tools 17
Classification of the different types of ISO graphic Photograph Itsig-Graph definition: image, especially a positive print, recorded by a camera and reproduced on a photosensitive surface 1 Permissible extensions if the photograph contains text: -.ai (Illustrator) a -.eps (with editable text) -.psd (Photoshop) a a With a layer containing editable text Additional permissible extensions if the illustration does not contain text: -.tif -.jpeg -.gif Graphics formats and tools 18
Classification of the different types of ISO graphic Graphical symbol Itsig-Graph definition: visually perceptible figure with a particular meaning used to transmit information independently of language Permissible extensions if the symbol is black and white: -.dwg/.dxf (AutoCAD) -.ai (Illustrator) -.eps (vectorized) Permissible extensions if the symbol is colour: -.ai (Illustrator) -.eps (vectorized) Graphics formats and tools 19
Conclusion For a vectorized fîle, DRG works with AutoCAD or Illustrator and makes available the following formats: - AutoCAD (.dwg) or Illustrator (.ai) - Encapsulated PostScript (.eps) - Tagged Image File (.tif) For a raster file, DRG works with Photoshop and makes available the following formats : - Encapsulated PostScript (.eps) - Tagged Image File (.tif) For a PDL file, DRG works with Illustrator or AutoCAD and makes available the following formats: - AutoCAD (.dwg) or Illustrator (.ai) - Encapsulated PostScript (.eps) - Tagged Image File (.tif) Graphics formats and tools 20
chart graph Term technical drawing diagram illustration Permissible extensions.dwg or DXF (AutoCAD),.ai (Illustrator),.eps (vectorized) Note: if dimensioning is not in accordance with ISO 129-1, technical drawings are corrected using AutoCAD..dwg or DXF (Autocad),.ai (Illustrator),.eps (vectorised) Note: if dimensioning is not in accordance with ISO 129-1, diagrams are corrected using AutoCAD..dwg or DXF (AutoCAD),.ai (Illustrator),.eps (vectorized),.vsd (Visio),.ppt (Power point) To be discussed and agreed:.odg (Open Office),.doc (Word vectorized).xls (Excel),.dwg or DXF (Autocad),.ai (Illustrator),.eps (vectorized) To be discussed and agreed:.ods (Open Office) If illustration contains text: :.dwg or DXF (AutoCAD),.ai (Illustrator),.eps (vectorized),.vsd (Visio),.ppt (Power point ) After discussion and agreement:.odg (Open Office),.doc (Word vectorized) If illustration doesn't contain text:.dwg or DXF (AutoCAD),.ai (Illustrator),.eps (vectorized),.vsd (Visio),.ppt (PowerPoint ),.tif,.jpeg Under discussion:.odg (Open Office),.doc (Word vectorized),.gif ISOCS treatment Extension: Application.dwg or dxf: AutoCAD.ai: Illustrator.eps: AutoCAD or Illustrator.dwg or dxf,.eps: AutoCAD.ai: Illustrator.dwg or dxf: AutoCAD.ai,.odg,.doc,.ppt: Illustrator.eps,.vsd: Autocad or Illustrator.xls,.eps: AutoCAD or Illustrator.dwg or dxf : AutoCAD.ai: Illustrator.dwg or dxf,.vsd: AutoCAD.ai,.eps,.odg,.doc: Illustrator.dwg or dxf,.vsd: AutoCAD.ai,.eps,.odg,.doc,.tif,.jpeg,.gif: Illustrator or Photoshop photograph graphical symbol If photograph contains text:.ai (Illustrator),.eps (with editable text),.tif (with layer containing text),.psd (Photoshop with 1 layer containing text) Under discussion:.odg (Open Office),.doc (with editable text) If illustration doesn't contain text:.ai,.tif,.eps,.jpeg,.psd.ai,.eps: Illustrator.tif,.psd, jpeg: Photoshop.odg,.doc: Illustrator or Photoshop on case by case If symbol is black and white:.dwg or DXF (AutoCAD).ai (Illustrator),.dwg or dxf : AutoCAD.eps (vectorized).ai: Illustrator Note: For symbols of TC10:.dwg or DXF (AutoCAD).eps: Illustrator (AutoCAD for For safety signs (with colour):.ai (Illustrator),.eps with CMYK colours Graphics formats symbols and TC10) tools 21
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