Virtual Computing and VMWare Module 4
Virtual Computing Cyber Defense program depends on virtual computing We will use it for hands-on learning Cyber defense competition will be hosted on a virtual computing platform 2
History of Virtual Computing 1960s: Computers were expensive ($7M - $10M in 2013) http://www.theregister.co.uk/2011/07/14/brief_history_of_virtualisation_part_2/ Accessed: July 2013 3
History of Virtual Computing 1990 s: Interest in virtual computing faded Hardware was inexpensive 2000 s Now: Interest Returned Platforms now servers not just mainframes Why: More efficient use of hardware Better power efficiency (Use of idle power busy power) Space efficiency Set up time much lower OS flexibilitył Application flexibility Remote management features & Internet 4
Computer System Architecture Application Programs Software Operating System Drivers Memory Manager Scheduler Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) Central Processing Unit (CPU) Hardware Components Drawing based in large part from one found in a book Virtual Machines by James Smith and Ravi Nair 5
Application s Point of View System Calls Application Programs Software Operating System Drivers Memory Manager Scheduler User ISA Application Binary Interface (ABI) Central Processing Unit (CPU) Application View of the Machine Hardware Components 6
OS s Point of View Application Programs Software Operating System Drivers Memory Manager Scheduler Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) Central Processing Unit (CPU) OS View of the Machine Hardware Components 7
Guest Process Level Virtualization System Calls Application Process Runtime Libraries Operating System Virtualizing Software Drivers Memory Manager Scheduler User ISA Application Binary Interface (ABI) Host Central Processing Unit (CPU) Hardware 8
Guest Process Level Virtualization System Calls Application Process Runtime Libraries Operating System Virtualizing Software Drivers Memory Manager Scheduler User ISA Application Binary Interface (ABI) Host Virtual Machine Central Processing Unit (CPU) Hardware 9
OS Level Virtualization Applications Guest Drivers Memory Manager Operating System Scheduler Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) Virtual Machine Monitor / Hypervisor Virtualizing Software Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) Host Central Processing Unit (CPU) Hardware 10
OS Level Virtualization Applications Guest Virtual Machine Monitor / Hypervisor Drivers Memory Manager Operating System Scheduler Virtualizing Software Host OS Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) Central Processing Unit (CPU) Host Hardware 11
OS Level Virtualization Applications Guest Drivers Memory Manager Operating System Scheduler Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) Virtual Machine Monitor / Hypervisor Virtualizing Software Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) Host Central Processing Unit (CPU) Virtual Hardware Machine 12
Popular Virtualization Software Local Console/Desktop Software VMWare Player or Workstation VMWare Fusion Parallels Remote Console/Server Software VMWare ESXi Xen 13
END OF VIDEO SEGMENT 1 14
ESXiSystem Architecture VMkernel OS Services vpxa hostd DCUI SNMP syslog VMX VMX VMX User Mode API VMs Apps Guest Apps OS OS Guest Guest Apps OS VMM VMM VMM Resource Scheduling Distributed VM file system Storage stack Virtual Ethernet adapter and switch Network stack VMkernel OS Device Drivers Central Processing Unit (CPU) Hardware Drawing based in large part from one found in a whitepaper The Architecture of VMWareESXi by Charu Chaubal 15
Operational Architecture Console DCUI I/O hostd VM VM VM VM vswitch vswitch vswitch vswitch ESXi Server vsphere Client Network Infrastructure Internet vsphere Client 16
ESXiFunctionality If available: Server can access large high speed disk storage Supports 64 CPU cores on one system Supports up to 1 TB or 1,000 GB of RAM Single VM can use 8 CPU cores simultaneously Virtual networking between VMs Supports over 300 guest OS releases 17