World Recognition by Rankings

6 The globalization of higher education means U of T Engineering is competing for the brightest students, faculty and researchers with universities in Canada, North America and from around the world. While rankings are only one of many measures of the Faculty s excellence, they are widely cited as a resource top students and faculty consider when selecting U of T. The exceptional calibre of applicants continues to grow, as do the number of international students who seek admission to our prestigious programs. In 2014, U of T was the top-ranked Canadian engineering school across all international rankings and one of the best in the world. We also ranked among the best engineering schools in North America, placing among the top 10 public universities across all rankings. Globally, U of T was the only Canadian university to place in the top 25 in the 2014 Shanghai Jiao Tong Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) for Engineering/ Technology and Computer Sciences and the Times Higher Education (THE) Thomson Reuters World University Ranking for Engineering and Information Technology. The strength and depth of U of T Engineering across all disciplines was also evident in the subject rankings carried out by QS World University Rankings for Engineering and Information Technology and National Taiwan University (NTU) Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities. Again, U of T Engineering demonstrated its preeminence among Canadian engineering schools, earning first place in at least five of six subjects in both rankings for the fourth year in a row. While U of T Engineering continued to rank first in Canada and among the top public universities in North America, the Faculty experienced some volatility in world rankings, particularly in the ARWU and QS rankings. Engineering schools across North America are being challenged by the enormous investments being made by some Asian governments in their local universities for engineering education and research. U of T Engineering is reviewing global ranking trends to gain a broader understanding of current methodologies and criteria to ensure the Faculty continues to be recognized for its excellence. World Recognition by Rankings Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering Annual Report 2015 Chapter 6: World Recognition by Rankings 69

Comprehensive University Rankings Shanghai Jiao Tong Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) for Engineering/Technology and Computer Sciences Figure 6.1a ARWU Top 50 World Universities, 2014 Massachusetts Inst of Tech Stanford U Imperial College of Sci, Tech and Med U Michigan, Ann Arbor Carnegie Mellon U Northwestern U Nanyang Tech U Pennsylvania State U, University Park Purdue U, West Lafayette Texas A&M U, College Station National U Singapore U Cambridge Swiss Fed Inst of Tech, Lausanne Tsinghua U Harbin Inst of Tech California Inst of Tech Princeton U City U Hong Kong Shanghai Jiao Tong U U Southern California Cornell U National Taiwan U Pierre & Marie Curie U - Paris 6 Harvard U U Minnesota, Twin Cities Swiss Federal Inst of Tech, Zurich Ohio State U, Columbus North Carolina State U, Raleigh Hong Kong U of Sci and Tech Tech U of Denmark Tohoku U U New South Wales Technion - Israel Inst of Tech U Melbourne U of Sci and Tech of China Eindhoven U of Tech Fudan U National Cheng Kung U South China U of Tech 47 24 U of T Engineering was highly rated in the Shanghai Jiao Tong Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) top 50 universities for engineering/technology and computer sciences, ranking 24th worldwide, the highest of any Canadian institution. The only other Canadian university in the top 50 was the University of Waterloo, which ranked 47th. Among North American public universities our closest peer institutions U of T ranked 10th, and was one of only three Canadian engineering schools in the top 25. U of T led Canadian engineering schools in highly cited research and articles in top journals, two of three indicators that constitute the ARWU s evaluation methodology. The ARWU is the longest running of all the global rankings. It has provided overall rankings since 2003 and engineering field rankings since 2007. Figure 6.1a Shanghai Jiao Tong Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU), Top 50 Universities for Engineering/Technology and Computer Sciences, 2014 Note on presentation: This year we have adopted a new format for presenting the rankings that provides more context for U of T s performance. The four categories within each ranking are: (1) the top 50 global engineering schools, (2) the top North American public universities, (3) Canada s 15 leading research-intensive universities (the Canadian U15) in the top world universities, and (4) where available, subject rankings or category rankings (Canadian U15 within the top 100) 70 Chapter 6: World Recognition by Rankings Annual Report 2015 Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering Excel Filename: 6.3a-c - QS World Ranking 2014 - Engineering (AR15 6.3a-c) - v4.xlsx

Figure 6.1b ARWU Top North American Public Universities, 2014 U Michigan, Ann Arbor Pennsylvania State U, University Park Purdue U, West Lafayette U Minnesota, Twin Cities Ohio State U, Columbus North Carolina State U, Raleigh Virginia Polytech Inst U California, Davis U California, Irvine U Colorado, Boulder U Massachusetts, Amherst Arizona State U 25 26 17 10 Figure 6.1c Canadian U15 Universities in ARWU Top 200, 2014 24 47 88 95 U Montreal Figure 6.1b 142 Shanghai Jiao Tong Academic Ranking of 144 World Universities (ARWU), Top North American Public Universities 198 for Engineering/Technology and Computer Sciences, 2014 Figure 6.1d Scoring Analysis of Canadian U15 Universities in ARWU Top 100, 2014 Scoring on Highly Cited Research: (HiCi) Indicator Excel Filename: 6.3a-c - QS World Ranking 2014 - Engineering (AR15 6.3a-c) - v4.xlsx Sheet: 6.1b Score: 33 Date: July 17, 2015 Figure 6.1c Score: 29 Prepared by: Geoff Wichert Score: Canadian U15 Universities in ARWU Top 200 Score: 49 Scoring on Published Articles: (PUB) Indicator Score: 55 Excel Filename: 6.1a-d - Acad Ranking of World Univ - 2014 - Engineering (AR15 6.1a-d) Score: 54 - v5.xlsx Sheet: 6.1c Score: 53 Date: August 5, 2015 Score: 48 Prepared by: Geoff Wichert Scoring on Articles in Top Journals: (TOP) Indicator Score: 87 Score: 84 Score: 83 Score: 81 Note 6.1d: In addition to HiCi, Pub and TOP, the ARWU uses a fourth indicator called Research Expenditure (FUND), which is used only for U.S. schools. Research funding mechanisms differ so significantly from country to country that all other international universities, including Canadian universities, are ranked using only the first three indicators. Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering Annual Report 2015 Chapter 6: World Recognition by Rankings 71

Times Higher Education (THE) Thomson Reuters World University Ranking for Engineering and Information Technology Figure 6.2a THE Top 50 World Universities, 2014 Massachusetts Inst of Tech Stanford U California Inst of Tech Princeton U U Cambridge Imperial College London U Oxford Swiss Federal Inst of Tech (ETH), Zürich École Polytech Fédérale de Lausanne National U Singapore U Michigan Carnegie Mellon U Cornell U Northwestern U Delft U of Tech Hong Kong U of Science and Tech Tsinghua U U Tokyo Korea Adv Inst of Sci and Tech (KAIST) Tech U Munich Nanyang Tech U KTH Royal Inst of Tech Tech U Denmark Columbia U KU Leuven Seoul National U U Hong Kong U Melbourne U Manchester U Queensland Rice U Kyoto U École Polytechnique Peking U Purdue U U Sydney Pohang U Sci and Tech Monash U U Minnesota 43 24 U of T Engineering s global ranking remained strong at 24th in the Times Higher Education (THE) Thomson Reuters World University Rankings for Engineering and Information Technology. The University of British Columbia was the only other Canadian university in the top 50, at 43rd. U of T ranked eighth among North American public universities, the only Canadian university to place in the top 10. THE is the second-longest running survey of its kind after the ARWU. What sets THE apart as an influential assessment of global, research-intensive universities is the breadth of its evaluation, which aims to measure institutions across all their core missions: teaching, research, knowledge transfer and international outlook. The THE ranking uses 13 performance indicators in five weighted categories: Teaching: the learning environment (30 per cent) Research: volume, income and reputation (30 per cent) Citations: research influence (30 per cent) International outlook: staff, students and research (7.5 per cent) Industry income and innovation (2.5 per cent) Figure 6.2a Times Higher Education - Thomson Reuters World University Ranking, Top 50 Universities for Engineering and Information Technology, 2014 72 Chapter 6: World Chapter: Recognition Ch.6 - by Rankings Annual Report 2015 Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering Excel Filename: 6.3a-c - QS World Ranking 2014 - Engineering (AR15 6.3a-c) - v4.xlsx Sheet: 6.2a

Figure 6.2b THE Top North American Public Universities, 2014 U Michigan Purdue U U Minnesota U California, Davis Pennsylvania State U Texas A&M U Ohio State U U California, Riverside U California, Irvine Virginia Polytech Inst and State U U Delaware U Colorado, Boulder 20 11 15 8 Figure 6.2c Canadian U15 Universities in THE Top 100, 2014 43 51 24 Fibure 6.2b 68 Times Higher Education - Thomson Reuters World University Ranking, Top North American Public Universities for Engineering and Information Technology, 2014 2015 Excel Filename: 6.3a-c - QS World Ranking 2014 - Engineering (AR15 6.3a-c) - v4.xlsx Fibure Sheet: 6.2c Times 6.2b Higher Education - Thomson Reuters World University Ranking, Date: July 17, 2015 Canadian U15 in Top 100 Universities for Engineering and Information Technology, Prepared by: Geoff Wichert 2014 2015 Excel Filename: 6.3a-c - QS World Ranking 2014 - Engineering (AR15 6.3a-c) - v4.xlsx Sheet: 6.2c Date: July 17, 2015 Prepared by: Geoff Wichert Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering Annual Report 2015 Chapter 6: World Recognition by Rankings 73

Figure 6.3b QS World University Rankings for Engineering and Information Technology Figure 6.3a QS Top 50 World Universities, 2014 Figure 6.3b QS Top North American Public Universities, 2014 Massachusetts Inst of Tech Stanford U ETH Zurich U Cambridge Imperial College London National U Singapore California Inst of Tech Nanyang Tech U École Polytech Féd Lausanne Tsinghua U U Oxford U Tokyo Hong Kong U of Sci and Tech Delft U of Tech Korea Adv Inst of Sci and Tech Harvard U Carnegie Mellon U Tokyo Inst of Tech U Melbourne Shanghai Jiao Tong U Seoul National U U New South Wales Tech U München Princeton U Kyoto U Politec Milano U Michigan KTH, Royal Inst of Tech Cornell U Tech U Denmark National Taiwan U Purdue U Tech U Berlin Hong Kong Polytech U Peking U RWTH Aachen U Hong Kong U Sydney U Manchester Indian Inst of Tech, Delhi Pohang U of Sci and Tech Karlsruhe Inst of Tech Chinese U of Hong Kong Australian National U 35 U Michigan Purdue U Virginia Tech Texas A&M U Pennsylvania State U U Minnesota U California, Davis Ohio State U U California, Irvine Amid intense international competition, U of T Engineering was the only Canadian university to rank in the 2014 QS World University Rankings Figure Top 6.3b 50 Universities for Engineering and Information QS World Technology, University placing Rankings, 35th. Top As North America shown Engineering Figure 6.3c, and only Information three other Canadian Technology, 2014 schools the University of British Columbia, the University of Waterloo and niversity were in the top 100. Among North American public universities, U Chapter: of T ranked Ch.6 seventh. - Rankings Excel Filename: 6.3a-c - QS World Ranking 2014 - In discipline-specific scoring, Sheet: 6.3b shown in Figure Date: July 17, 2015 6.3d, U of T ranked the highest of any Canadian Prepared by: Geoff Wichert engineering school in five out of six branches of engineering and information technology. 23 25 9 7 11 12 The QS World University Ranking draws on four criteria, which are weighted differently for each engineering discipline: Academic Reputation, 35 Employer Reputation, Citations Per Paper and Figure 6.3a 51 H-Index. The heavy emphasis on reputation is the QS World University Rankings, 57 Top 50 Universities key distinction for of the QS ranking, with reputation Engineering and Information 59 Technology, 2014accounting for between 50 and 80 per cent of Figure 6.3c Canadian U15 Universities in QS Top 200, 2014 141 the total score, depending on the discipline. 151 The H-Index, first included in 2012, attempts 186 to measure both the productivity and impact of McMaster Excel Filename: U 6.3a-c - QS 193 World Ranking 2014 - Engineering (AR15 published 6.3a-c) work - v4.xlsx based on citations. Sheet: 6.3a Date: August 6, 2015 74 Chapter Prepared 6: World Recognition by: Geoff by Wichert Rankings Annual Report 2015 Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering

Figure 6.3d Canadian Universities in QS by Subject, 2014 Chemical Engineering Civil & Structural Engineering 32 42 54 90 101 108 109 119 141 164 182 Concordia U 26 33 58 66 92 135 137 150 164 172 174 198 Computer Science & Information Systems Electrical & Electronic Engineering Simon Fraser U 16 24 24 50 104 120 136 170 27 53 60 66 119 147 175 177 Materials Sciences Mechanical, Aeronautical & Manufacturing Engineering 38 47 54 61 124 131 147 161 34 39 90 98 123 129 136 178 186 200 Figure 6.3d Canadian Universities in QS World Ranking by Discipline for Engineering and Information Technology, 2013 Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering Annual Report 2015 Chapter 6: World Recognition by Rankings 75 Excel Filename: 6.3d - QS World Ranking 2015 - by Subject (AR15 6.3d) - v4.xlsx

National Taiwan University (NTU) Performance Ranking of Engineering Papers The international ranking administered by National Taiwan University (NTU) placed U of T Engineering 30th among world universities and number one in Canada. U of T also ranked among the best North American public universities, in eighth place. NTU uses the publication of engineering papers as the basis on which to identify and compare the top 200 universities in the world by subject. NTU s ranking is based on eight weighted criteria grouped into three broad categories: Research Productivity Total number of articles published in the past 11 years (2003 13) [10 per cent] Total number of articles published in the most recent year reported (2013) [15 per cent] Research Impact Total number of citations in the past 11 years (2003 13) [15 per cent] Total number of citations in the past two years (2012 13) [10 per cent] Average annual number of citations over the past 11 years (2003 13) [10 per cent] Research Excellence H-index (measures productivity and impact of published work) of the past two years (2012 13) [10 per cent] Number of highly cited papers in the past 11 years (2003 13) [15 per cent] Number of papers published in high-impact journals in the current year (2013) [15 per cent] Figure 6.4a NTU Top 50 World Universities, 2014 Figure 6.4b NTU Top North American Public Universities, 2014 Tsinghua U Nanyang Tech U Massachusetts Inst of Tech National U Singapore Zhejiang U Stanford U Shanghai Jiao Tong U Harbin Inst of Tech Seoul National U Harvard U Imperial College London U Cambridge Swiss Fed Inst of Tech, Zurich Swiss Fed Inst of Tech, Lausanne U Michigan, Ann Arbor Northwestern U City U Hong Kong Pennsylvania State U, University Park Korea Adv Inst of Sci and Tech National Taiwan U Tohoku U U Tokyo Peking U Huazhong U Sci & Tech Delft U Tech National Cheng Kung U Fudan U U Chicago, Seattle Hong Kong Polytech U Tech U Denmark U Sci and Tech of China Texas A&M U, College Station Purdue U, West Lafayette Dalian U Tech Xian Jiaotong U Southeast U California Inst of Tech U Manchester Princeton U Tianjin U Katholieke U Leuven 30 U Michigan, Ann Arbor Penn State U, University Park, Seattle Texas A&M U, College Station Purdue U, West Lafayette U Minnesota, Twin Cities U Florida North Carolina State U Ohio State U, Columbus U California, Davis Virginia Polytech Inst & State U Arizona State U Figure 6.4b NTU Top North American Public Universities f 2014 17 22 23 8 76 Chapter 6: World Recognition by Rankings Annual Report 2015 Faculty of Applied Science Excel & Engineering Filename: 6.4a-d - NTU Acad Papers - 2014 Eng Sheet: 6.4b Figure 6.4a Date: July 17, 2015

In NTU s rankings of engineering and information technology subject areas (Figure 6.4d), U of T Engineering placed first among Canadian institutions in five out of six subject rankings. U of T s Civil and Electrical Engineering programs were particularly strong, respectively ranking 10th and 19th globally. Figure 6.4c Canadian U15 Universities in NTU Top 200, 2014 U Montreal 65 86 87 117 143 172 193 30 Figure 6.4d Canadian Universities in NTU by Subject, 2014 Chemical Engineering U Ottawa niversity Computer Science 49 70 75 107 148 165 167 178 188 188 192 Civil Engineering Figure 6.4c Canadian Universities in NTU Top 200, 20 53 63 80 McGill Chapter: U Ch.6 - Rankings 87 U Excel Saskatchewan Filename: 6.4a-d - NTU Acad Papers 132-2014 Engineerin 132 Queen's Sheet: U 6.4c 163 U Ottawa Date: July 17, 2015 170 Prepared by: Geoff Wichert 173 U Quebec 185 Concordia U 196 Electrical Engineering 31 10 Simon Fraser U U Ottawa Concordia U 66 79 95 108 140 148 170 174 25 28 31 U Ottawa Ryerson U U Victoria 19 31 39 61 86 97 122 144 149 177 179 191 Materials Science Mechanical Engineering 140 144 171 193 234 247 264 298 49 Concordia U 49 55 91 97 113 134 165 170 178 197 Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering Annual Report 2015 Chapter 6: World Recognition by Rankings 77

Rankings Based on Publications and Citations Figure 6.5a Number of Engineering Publications Indexed by Thomson Reuters for Association of American Universities (AAU) Public and Canadian Peer Institutions, 2009 to 2013 U Michigan U Illinois, Urbana Purdue U Texas A&M U, College Station Penn State U U Florida Ohio State U U Minnesota U California, Davis Iowa State U Michigan State U U Colorado, Boulder Rutgers State U U Pittsburgh U Arizona U California, Irvine U Virginia U Ottawa U Laval SUNY, U Manitoba Buffalo U Saskatchewan U Manitoba Dalhousie U U Missouri, Columbia U Iowa U SUNY, Stony Brook U North Carolina, Chapel Hill Indiana U U Kansas U California, San Francisco U Oregon 3,351 3,308 3,109 3,109 3,086 2,959 2,524 2,506 2,402 2,176 2,144 2,044 1,991 1,918 1,899 1,883 1,867 1,794 1,752 1,660 1,628 1,570 1,495 1,362 1,306 1,266 1,258 1,235 1,192 1,120 975 936 903 892 821 817 788 736 649 642 586 578 552 484 441 419 336 160 69 4,414 The Association of American Universities (AAU) index measures research output, productivity and intensity based on publication counts. U of T Engineering ranked 10th in North America and second in Canada with 2,402 papers, just behind the University of Waterloo, for publication counts between 2009 and 2013. Figure 6.5b Summary of U15 Bibliometrics for Publications Publications Faculty Count Publications per Faculty Rank on Pub per Faculty 2,506 270 9.3 6 2,402 241 10.0 5 2,176 192 11.3 3 1,991 180 11.1 4 1,899 135 14.1 2 1,660 95 17.5 1 1,628 242 6.7 12 1,306 161 8.1 8 1,258 148 8.5 7 892 147 6.1 14 U Ottawa 817 121 6.8 11 U Laval 788 162 4.9 15 U Saskatchewan 649 83 7.9 10 U Manitoba 642 80 8.0 9 Figure 6.5a Number of Engineering Publications Indexed by Thomson Reuters Association of American Universities (AAU) Public and Canadian Peer Institutions, 2009 to 2013 Dalhousie U 586 94 6.2 13 Note 6.5b: Faculty counts for analysis of U15 publications per faculty member are from the Engineers Canada 2013 Resources Report. 78 Chapter 6: World Recognition by Rankings Annual Report 2015 Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering Figure 6.5b Excel Filename: 6.5+6.6 - Engineering Bibliometrics 2009 to 2013 Summary (AR15 6.5+6.6) of U15 - v2.xlsx Bibliometrics for P

Figure 6.6a Number of Engineering Citations Indexed by Thomson Reuters for Association of American Universities (AAU) Public and Canadian Peer Institutions, 2009 to 2013 U Illinois, Urbana U Michigan Penn State U Texas A&M U, College Station Purdue U U Florida U Minnesota Ohio State U U California, Davis U Colorado, Boulder Iowa State U Rutgers State U U Pittsburgh Michigan State U U California, Irvine U Arizona U Virginia U Ottawa U Laval SUNY, Buffalo U Saskatchewan U Iowa U Missouri, Columbia U North Carolina, Chapel Hill U SUNY, Stony Brook U Manitoba Dalhousie U Indiana U U California, San Francisco U Kansas U Oregon 21,538 19,350 18,196 17,960 16,544 15,886 14,962 14,395 13,899 12,877 12,707 12,539 11,284 10,216 10,087 9,880 9,714 9,328 9,070 8,516 8,393 8,024 7,999 7,587 6,985 6,701 6,126 5,930 5,892 5,355 5,129 4,553 4,107 3,866 3,783 3,780 3,755 2,889 2,688 2,655 2,650 2,610 2,418 2,315 1,918 1,429 1,089 277 29,367 26,969 Figure 6.6b Summary of U15 Bibliometrics for Citations Citations The AAU index citation counts are based on the total number of papers cited over a five-year period, as well as the frequency of citations per faculty member and articles. U of T Engineering was the ninthmost cited public institution in North America. We ranked third in Canada for citations per faculty after niversity and niversity and retained the lead among Canadian universities in the number of citations per publication, which is the metric representing the relevance of our publications as cited by other researchers. Faculty Count Citations per Faculty Rank on Citations per Faculty Citations per Publication Rank on Citations per Publication 14,962 241 62.0 3 6.2 1 12,707 270 47.0 6 5.1 2 9,714 192 50.6 4 4.5 8 8,516 180 47.4 5 4.3 12 8,393 135 62.2 2 4.4 10 8,024 242 33.2 10 4.9 3 7,587 95 80.0 1 4.6 7 5,892 148 39.8 7 4.7 5 5,355 161 33.4 9 4.1 13 3,866 147 26.3 13 4.3 11 U Ottawa 3,783 121 31.3 11 4.6 6 U Laval 3,780 162 23.3 15 4.8 4 Figure 6.6a Number of Engineering Citations Indexed by Thomson Reuters Association of American Universities (AAU) Public and Canadian Peer Institutions, 2008 to 2012 Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering Annual Report 2015 Chapter 6: World Recognition by Rankings 79 U Saskatchewan 2,889 83 35.0 8 4.5 9 U Manitoba 2,418 80 30.2 12 3.8 15 Dalhousie U 2,315 94 24.6 14 4.0 14 Figure 6.6b

Summary of Ranking Results In 2014, U of T Engineering remained the top Canadian university across all rankings and the only Canadian institution among the top 25 worldwide for ARWU and THE. We also ranked among the top 10 North American public universities across all ranking systems. Although no rankings can decisively illustrate a school s performance, world-class rankings such as the ones discussed increase our Faculty s ability to attract top faculty, researchers and students from across the globe. Figure 6.7 Summary of University of Toronto Engineering Performance in World Rankings Ranking Organization Release Date Canada North American Public World Academic Ranking of World Universities for Engineering (ARWU) for Engineering / Technology and Computer Sciences August 2014 1 10 24 ARWU Scoring Detail by Category August 2014 Highly Cited (HiCi) 1 12 23 Publications (PUB) 2 9 58 Publications in Top Journals (TOP) 1 19 66 Times Higher Education (THE) Thomson Reuters World University Ranking for Engineering & Technology October 2014 1 8 24 QS World University Rankings for Engineering and Technology September 2014 1 7 35 QS World University Rankings by Subject March 2015 Chemical Engineering 1 7 32 Civil & Structural Engineering 2 7 33 Electrical & Electronic Engineering 1 7 27 Materials Science 1 9 38 Mechanical, Aeronautical & Manuf. Eng. 1 7 34 Computer Science & Information Systems 1 2 16 National Taiwan University (NTU) Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities by Subject October 2014 1 8 30 NTU Performance Ranking by Subject October 2014 Chemical Engineering 4 24 107 Civil Engineering 1 2 10 Electrical Engineering 1 6 19 Materials Science 1 10 49 Mechanical Engineering 1 12 49 Computer Science 1 8 25 80 Chapter 6: World Recognition by Rankings Annual Report 2015 Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering