Motorcycle Safety Program Initiatives: Achievement and Challenges Mehdi Nassirpour Illinois Department of Transportation Division of Transportation Safety
Objectives 1. General Statistics on Motorcycles (What We Know and What We Don t Know) 2. Existing Motorcycle Training Program and Licensing 3. Relationship between Motorcycle Training and Motor Motorcycle Related Crashes 4. Highway Safety Program (Media and Enforcement Activities) Focusing on Motorcyclists: Alcohol, Speed, Helmet, and Distracted Devices 5. Engineering Issues and Solution (Roadway Conditions Hazardous to Motorcycles) 6. Legislations (e.g., Helmet Law, Traffic signals, mainly Red Light, Motorcycle Road Guard, and others)
What We Know about Motorcycles Motorcyclists have high death rates Motorcycle deaths are increasing Motorcycles are becoming popular About 50% of motorcycle driver deaths involved in Single vehicle crashes Demographics--average age of riders is going up (37) Engine size is increasing The higher the engine size, the higher the probability of being fatally injured Presented at the ITES Conference in
What We Know about Motorcycles Rider Characteristics differ by types of motorcycles Alcohol use is a problem among motorcyclists Supersport motorcycles have the highest overall collisions Motorcycles don t have safety gear that is comparable to what we found in passenger cars Rider safety training and education tend to reduce motorcycle related crashes (based on anecdotal information). Presented at the ITES Conference in
Helmet Laws Laws requiring all motorcyclists to wear a helmet are in place in 19 states (Universal Helmet Law). Laws requiring only some motorcyclists (most often age 17 and under) to wear a helmet are in place in 28 states. Two states (Florida and Michigan) allow motorcyclists over the age of 21 to ride without helmet if they have a certain level of medical insurance (over $10,000 or $20,000). There is no motorcycle helmet use law in 3 states (Illinois, Iowa, and New Hampshire).
Motorcyclist Fatalities 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 1355 1363 1254 1248 1043 911 927 918 956 991 157 158 132 157 135 130 131 145 148 155 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 * Based on 11 months of provisional Data) Motorcycle Fatality Total Fatality
Registered Motorcycles in Illinois by Year 400,000.0 350,000.0 300,000.0 262,833 272,180 277,836 303,003 322,945 365,448 346,410 349,928 356,446 360,883 250,000.0 200,000.0 150,000.0 100,000.0 50,000.0 0.0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Presented at the ITES Conference in
Motorcycle Fatalities and Fatality Rate Per 100,000 Registered Motorcycles, by Year (Illinois) 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 0.0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Fatality Fatality Rate Presented at the ITES Conference in Champaign, Illinois
Motorcycle Fatalities and Fatality Rate Per 100,000 Registered Motorcycles, by Year (US) 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 0.0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 Fatality Fatality Rate Presented at the ITES Conference in Champaign, Illinois
Motorcycle Fatality Rate Per 100,000 Registered Motorcycles, by Year (Illinois Versus US) 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 0.0 73.5 69.8 72.4 72.5 68.5 59.7 58 56.4 56.4 58.6 54.9 51.8 47.5 41.8 41.4 41.5 35.6 37.8 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Fatality Rate (US) Fatality Rate (Illinois)
Percent No Valid Motorcycle License Among Motorcycle Riders Involved in Fatal Crashes by Year (Illinois Versus US) 30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 15.0% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% 26.3% 20.8% 20.9% 22.4% 24.0% 22.0% 22.1% 20.8% 19.4% 18.7% 20.8% 19.9% 16.8% 16.5% 17.1% 8.3% 9.3% 8.8% 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 % No Valid Lic. (Illinois) % No Valid Lic. (US)
Motorcycle Fatalities, Total Injuries, and A-Injuries by Age Group (2010-2012) 40.0% 35.0% 30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 35.0% 33.5% 29.7% 19.5% 22.0% 24.4% 37.9% 33.4% 36.2% 15.0% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.2% 1.2% 1.1% 2.7% 6.9% 5.7% 4.7% 3.0% 2.9% Ages 0 to 15 Ages 16 to 20 Ages 21 to 34 Ages 35 to 44 Ages 45 to 64 Ages 65+ Fatalities Total Injuries A-Injuries
Figure 4: Percent Total Inpatient and Outpatient Motorcycle Occupants by Gender 90.0% 80.0% 82.8% 85.1% 82.0% 70.0% 60.0% 50.0% 40.0% 30.0% 20.0% 17.2% 14.9% 18.0% 10.0% 0.0% Male Female Total Inpatient Outpatient
Percent Fatalities by BAC Test in 2012 55.0% 50.0% 45.0% 40.0% 35.0% 30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 15.0% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% 48.3% 5.2% 32.0% 8.2% 3.4% 0.00 BAC 0.01 to 0.07 0.08 and greater No test given Test Performed, Results Unknown
Motorcycle Fatalities, Total Injuries, and A-Injuries by 23 County Model Location (2009-2011) 90.0% 80.0% 70.0% 60.0% 50.0% 40.0% 30.0% 20.0% 10.0% 0.0% 75.7% 67.0% 69.4% County is in 23 County Model 33.0% 29.6% 24.3% County is not in 23 County model Fatalities Total Injuries A-Injuries Presented at the ITES Conference in Champaign, Illinois
State of Illinois 23 County Presented at the ITES Conference in Champaign, Illinois
Motorcycle Fatalities, Total Injuries, and A-Injuries by Time of Day (2010-2012) 35.0% 30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 15.0% 10.0% 5.0% 4.7% 2.3% 2.8% 4.7% 5.9% 4.7% 9.1% 9.7% 9.6% 14.5% 20.5% 20.1% 24.1% 25.5% 24.9% 21.9% 19.5% 20.0% 11.8% 11.0% 11.5% 9.1% 5.7% 6.4% 0.0% 3AM to 6AM 6AM to 9AM 9AM to NOON NOON to 3PM 3PM to 6PM 6PM to 9PM 9PM to MIDNIGHT Fatalities Total Injuries A-Injuries MIDNIGHT to 3AM Presented at the ITES Conference in Champaign, Illinois
Motorcycle Helmet Use for Fatalities, Total Injuries, and A-Injuries by Time of Day (2010-2012) 45.0% 40.0% 35.0% 30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 15.0% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% 31.8% 25.0% 5.3% 10.5% 39.1% 42.8% 37.8% 32.3% 29.7% 28.8% 30.2% 28.5% 27.8% 25.3% 25.5% 31.9% 25.5% 24.7% 13.1% 10.6% 3AM to 6AM 6AM to 9AM 9AM to NOON NOON to 3PM 3PM to 6PM 6PM to 9PM 9PM to MIDNIGHT 4.2% 23.7% 19.7% 5.4% MIDNIGHT to 3AM Fatalities Total Injuries A-Injuries
Linked Data Process Crash Total Crash Victim= 3,539 Total=1,818 Outpatient =1,352 Inpatient=466 Hospital Inpatient and Emergency Department (ED) Database Presented at the ITES Conference in Champaign, Illinois
Percent Distributions of Hospitalization by KABCO 70% 62.8% 60% 50% 40% 30% 41.0% 33.6% 44.6% 30.6% 49.5% Total = 1818 Inpatient = 466 Outpatient=1352 20% 10% 0% 2.3% 0.028 0.021 5.8% 1.5% 6.5% 6.9% 2.8% Killed A Injuries B Injuries C Injuries No Injuries Total Inpatient Outpatient 8.3% Presented at the ITES Conference in Champaign, Illinois
Selected Characteristics Table 1: Motorcycle Helmet Usage Rates in (JUNE 2014) Total Observed (1) Actual Usage Rate (2) Statewide (288) 1,488 44.0% Regions City of (3) 156 37.8% Cook County Excluding Chicago(63) 463 43.2% Collar Counties (120) 507 49.9% Downstate (70) 362 39.2% Road Type Residential (144) 316 31.6% U.S. Illinois Highways (84) 513 43.7% Interstate Highways (60) 659 50.1% Day of Week Weekends (112) 954 40.7% Weekdays (176) 534 49.8% Presented at the ITES Conference in Champaign, Illinois
Average Hospital Charge Per Discharge All Crash Victims Motorcycle Occupants Inpatient Discharge $52,544 $69,333 Outpatient Discharge $3,572 $6,433 (ED) Total Hospital Discharge $6,725 $22,555
Frequency and Percentage Distributions of Linked Motorcycle Occupants By Helmet Status Helmeted Inpatient Discharge 111 (23.8%) Outpatient Discharge (ED) Total Hospital Discharge 339 (25.1%) 450 (24.8%) Not Helmeted 217 (46.5%) 555 (41.0%) 772 (42.4%) Miscoded/N ot Available 139 (29.7%) 458 (33.9%) 596 (32.8%) Presented at the ITES Conference in Champaign, Illinois
Percent Head Injuries by Helmet Status 40.0% 35.0% 30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 15.0% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% Total helmeted with head injury =48 Total helmeted with no head injury=402 Total not helmeted with head injury =204 Total not helmeted with no head injury=569 10.7% Helmeted 35.9% Not Helmeted Note: the relationship between Helmet use and head injury is significant. Odd Ratio (OR) value is over 0.34 indicates that wearing helmet a protective against head injury.
Average Hospital Charge Per Discharge Helmeted Not Helmeted Percent Difference Inpatient Discharge $60,317 $70,840 17.5% Outpatient $5,550 $7,177 29.3% Discharge (ED) Total Hospital Discharge $19,004 $25,061 31.9%
Total Average Hospitalization Charges by Payer Type for Motorcyclists $120,000 $110,196 $100,000 $80,000 $60,000 $69,773 $65,490 $40,000 $20,000 $0 $10,982 $41,181 $24,144 $17,987 $7,995 $6,225 $8,095 $6,227 $6,675 Medicare Medicaid Private Uninsured/Out of Pocket Total Inpaient Outpatient
Mehdi Nassirpour Division of Transportation Safety at IDOT 1340 North 9 th Springfield, IL 62702 Phone: (217) 785-8905 Email: Mehdi.nassirpour@illinois.gov Contact Information DTS Evaluation Website: http://www.dot.il.gov/trafficsafety/tsevaluation.html