A Critical Study of implementation of Cloud Computing in IT & Educational Sectors

A Critical Study of implementation of Cloud Computing in IT & Educational Sectors Dr. Manisha Kumbhar, Mr. Shekhar Gavali, Mr.Ajit Jagdale, Mr. Rohit Sovani, Mr. Lalit Bhokare & Mr. Nagesh Kulkarni Asso. Professor, Sinhgad Institute of Management, Pune-4 MCA Students, Sinhgad Institute of Management, Pune-4 Abstract The origin of the term is obscure, but it appears to derive from the practice of using drawings of stylized s to denote networks in diagrams of and communications systems. Cloud Computing is a style in which scalable and flexible IT functionalities are delivered as a service to external customers using Internet technologies. This implementation has been used in both IT sector and Educational sector, and this paper focus on comparative study of usage of in educational sector vs. IT sector. In Educational sector, this technology has been used by students and faculties for accessing and assigning some educational work over internet. Students and administrative personnel have the opportunity to quickly and economically access various application platforms and resources through the web pages ondemand. Hence this research paper is mainly focuses on effectiveness and security of applications over traditional ERP system in educational sector. This also focus on how implementation of is possible in less cost as compared to traditional ERP system in educational sector. As well as it considers cost for implementing with respect to various services models like Infrastructure as a service(iaas), Software as a service (SAAS) and Platform as a service( PAAS) as per users requirement. Keywords: Cloud, Network, Educational Sector, Implementation etc.. Introduction Cloud is latest trend in IT world. It is Internet-based, whereby shared resources, software and information, are provided to computers and other devices on-demand, like the electric grid. This technology has the capacity to admittance a common collection of resources on request. It is proving extremely striking to cash-strapped IT departments that are wanted to deliver better services under pressure. In recent years has become a growing interest for organizations looking to reduce their IT costs by offloading infrastructure and software costs onto 3rd party organizations who offer software-as-a-service (SaaS) (e.g.google Apps), platform-as-a-service (PaaS) (e.g. Google App Engine), and infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) (e.g. Amazon EC).. Theoretical Background of The Study Cloud Computing is a style in which scalable and flexible IT functionalities are delivered as a service to external customers using Internet technologies. This implementation has been used in both IT sector and Educational sector. In Educational sector, this technology has been used by students and faculties for accessing and assigning some educational work over internet. Students and administrative personnel have the opportunity to quickly and economically access various application platforms and resources through the web pages on-demand. By using, it is required to collect various data by conducting online survey in educational institutes and their respective universities also. The main advantage of using is that, student will get proper knowledge and faculties will handle and maintain this implemented technology appropriately. 3. Review of Literature Researchers has done extensive literature review on various aspects of and their services models. Few of them are as follows- 3. Daniel D. Sunil (0): According to him, can be unsecure due to some issues like attack from unauthorized users. The attack can be of two type s viz. targeting the whole or targeting single service. In both the cases, the security issues are needed to be handled. This can be done with the help of Access Control List (ACL). ACL (Access Control List). It contains the set of access rules, which can be assigned to the authorized user. The ACL works along with the Security manager in order to avoid unauthorized access to the Cloud. 3. F. A. Alvi, B.S Choudary, N. Jaferry, E.Pathan: This section includes survey conducted by international data corporation (IDC). It shows the strength of to be implemented in IT industry and gives the potential inspiration to CSP. The section contains the survey related to the growth of. Volume, Issue 0, October 03 Page 9

Table No.: Growth of Cloud Computing Cloud Growth Year 008 0 Growth Cloud IT Spending $ B $4 B 7% Total IT spending $383 B $ 494 B 7% Total- spend $37 B $ 45 B 4% Cloud Total spend 4% 9% According to them, is latest development that provides easy access to high performance resources and storage infrastructure through web services. Cloud delivers the potential for efficiency, cost savings and improved performance to governments, organizations, private and individual users. It also offers a unique opportunity to developing countries to get closer to developed countries. Developing countries like Pakistan can take the benefits of by implementing it in its e-government projects. The paper addresses the issues that can arise during the deployment of services. After identify these problems some steps are explained to mitigate these challenges and solutions to solve the problems. 4. Scope of the System Pune is an emerging IT hub and Oxford of East and has been an educational hub for decades for the research purpose. Hence for study purpose, researcher has considered respondents from IT industry and 33 respondents from educational institutes. 5. Research Methodology a research design is the arrangement of conditions for collection and analysis in a manner that aims to combine relevance to the research purpose with economy in procedure. In fact the research design is the conceptual structure within research is conducted; it constitutes the blue print for the collection, measurement and analysis of data. 5.Objectives of Study:. To study about the awareness of in Educational Sector.. To do the comparative study of vs. traditional ERP systems. 3. To do the comparisons of vs. Traditional ERP and measure the effectiveness of in educational sector. 4. To study the role of model selection with respect to educational institutes. 5. To measure the security of with respect to IT sector and Educational Institutes. 5. Hypothesis of the study H : Cloud services are cheaper than the existing ERP system. H : Use of Cloud increase the resource flexibility level in educational sector. H 3 : Cloud Computing services are more secure. H 4 : Cloud Computing is applicable in all IT and educational sectors. 5.3 Sampling method This research is restricted to very small sample size and has mainly classified in two sectors like Educational and IT sector in which Educational sector research is carried out in fully restricted area like University and Educational Institutes in Pune city. Secondly, by visiting IT professionals for collection of data, IT sector research is carried out. Therefore for the overall research will be done with a sample size of 55 respondents from different parts of city. Area covered: - Educational Institutes and IT Organizations. Population of interest: - Cloud Computing technology used by people in the age group 0-0 years. Sampling frame: - Educated/Working class. Sample size: - 55 Respondents Educational Sector: 33 Respondents IT Sector: Respondents Sampling method: -Snowball & convenience sampling 5.4 Methods and Tools of Data Collection: In order to fulfill our objectives, we are collecting data through both primary and secondary sources. ) Sources of Primary Data Collection: Primary data has collected through online questionnaire (Google Docs) and offline questionnaire from IT sectors and Educational Institutes. ) Source of Secondary Data Collection: Secondary data has collected from the past research-work done by various people in the field of Research articles, Magazines,T.V News and Newspaper articles, Environment based books, Periodicals, and Internet, etc Volume, Issue 0, October 03 Page 9

. Data Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation This research aims to prove the effectiveness of in two different sectors viz. IT and Educational sector, as these two sectors form the backbone of our economic sector especially in Pune. This research also aims at providing comparison between different services provided by. Also the features of that are favored by individuals and organizations alike Security, Per user cost, Overall Cost, Effectiveness and Time and cost saving. Objective : To study about the awareness of in Educational Sector. Table No : Awareness of in Education Sector No. of Respondents Awareness Yes 3 (93.9) No (.0) Total 33 (00) From above Table No., it clears that about 93 percent educational institutes are aware about. Ratio for awareness of in educational sector is very high as compared to the unawareness.. Objective : To study the implementation cost of and their various service models. To do the comparative study of vs. traditional system, various factors are considered like cost of implementation, cost of implementation with various service models and understand opinions of educational sectors that ERP is cheaper than or not. Table No: 3: Cost incurred for implementing Implementation Cost (In Thousands) No. of Respondents Not implemented 8 (4.) Below 30 (8.) 30-40 9 (7.3) 40-50 3 (9.) 50-0 4 (.) 0 and more 3 (9.) Total 33 (00.0) Mean.94 Standard Deviation.9 Based upon the survey carried out and through Table No. 3, it is seen that out of 33 educational institutes 5 institutes implemented whereas only 8 institutes are using traditional ERP system. And as per the educational institute s opinion, the cost to implement lies mainly between the range of Rs.30, 000-40,000 of educational institutes. Further study has been carried out to compare implementation of cost of various service model as per IT industry point of view. Following Table. No. 4 shows various service models of and their implementation cost. It is seen that the percentage of PaaS & SaaS requires high implementation cost (Rs. 90000/-) as compared to IaaS. Table No: 4 Cost for implementing with respect to Service Model Model IaaS PaaS SaaS Number of Respondents Number of Respondents Number of Respondents Cost in Thousand Not implemented 4 (3.) (7.7) 7(77.3) below 30 3(3.) (4.5) 0 (0) 30-0 5 (.7) (4.5) (4.5) 0-90 0 (0) (4.5) 0(0) 90 above 0(0) 3 (3.) 4(8.0) Total (00) (00) (00) Volume, Issue 0, October 03 Page 93

.3 Objective 3: To do the comparisons of vs. Traditional ERP and measure the effectiveness of in educational sector. This objective mainly focuses on effectiveness of with respect to education sector. For measuring effectiveness, various factors like availability of resources, security, accessibility, reliability, resource flexibility etc factors are considered For study, researchers have also considered opinion of educational institutes regarding comparison between and traditional ERP system. Table No. 5: Cloud cheaper than ERP Cloud cheaper No. of Respondent than ERP Yes 30 (90.90) No 3 (9.0) Total 33 (00) From above Table no. 5, it clears that 90 percent educational institutes agreed that is cheaper than traditional ERP system and they are satisfied with. For measuring the effectiveness of various factors are used along with five point scale and their average value has been calculated. Following Table No. shows the effectiveness of. Table No.: Effectiveness of in educational sector Effectiveness Very Highly Dissatisfactory Average Satisfactory Factors Dissatisfactory Satisfactory Average 3 7 Availability (9.0) (3.00) (8.0) (5.50) (8.8) 3. Security (3.00) (.0) (3.40) (8.0) (3.3) 3.78 Accessibility 4 0 (3.00) (.0) (8.0) (4.0) (30.30) 3.90 Reliability 5 3 (3.00) (.0) (5.0) (39.40) (3.3) 4.00 0 9 0 Flexibility (.0) (.0) (30.40) (7.30) (30.30) 3.9 From Table No., it clears that effectiveness of services is very high because average value of each factor is more than 3.5. Study reveals that services are more reliable with average value 4.0 followed by accessibility with average value 3.90, security is high with average value 3.78. Further resources flexibility with average value is 3.9 and resource availability with average value is 3.8. Effectiveness Factors Table No.7 Effectiveness of in educational sector with respect to S.D Availability for security for Accessibility for Reliability for Flexibility for Mean 3.3 3.48 3. 3.70 3.39 Std. Deviation.35.395.345.380.43 Researcher has also calculated mean and standard deviation of all factors and which are satisfactory. As per Table No.7, it clears that effectiveness of is very high and which satisfies educational institutes..4 Objective 4: To study the role of model selection with respect to educational sector. For studying this objective, various deployment models like private, public, hybrid and community etc are considered from educational institute point of view. Following Table no. 8 shows deployment models in educational sectors. Table No.8: Deployment models in educational sector Deployment Models Number of Respondents None 9 (57.) Volume, Issue 0, October 03 Page 94

Private 4 (.0) Public (.0) Hybrid (8.0) Community (.0) Total 33 (00.0) As per Table no.8, it reveals that most of the educational institutes used Hybrid Deployment model as compared other models..5 Objective 5: To measure the security of with respect to IT sector and Educational Institutes. For measuring this objective, opinion from It sectors and educational sectors has been considered. Following Table No. 9 shows the status of security of as per their views. As per table it clears that security of is very high. Table No.9: Security of Security IT Sector Education Institutes Yes 8 (8.80) 8 (55.54) No 4 (8.0) 5 (45.5) Total (00) 33(00) 7. Testing of Hypotheses Various statistical tools used to test the hypotheses. If the replies of a majority of the respondents support a hypothesis then that hypothesis will be considered as confirmed. Otherwise it will be considered as rejected. The data connected with the hypothesis and obtained from respondents has been used for this purpose 7. Hypothesis : The first hypothesis of the study is Cloud services are cheaper than the existing ERP system. For testing this hypothesis, null and alternative hypothesis are set and which are as follows- H 0 : There is no difference between cost of Cloud services and ERP system. H : Cloud services are cheaper than the existing ERP system. As the sample sizes are <30 therefore normal approximations are satisfied. In this case Z-test and as one proportion is involved. As alternative hypothesis is in terms than hence rejection area is towards only one side hence it is one tail test (t-test). Table No. 0: Z Statistics One-Sample Test T df Sig. (-tailed) 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference Lower Upper.990.000.5.58 As per Table No. 0, P value is 0.00 is < 0.05 hence reject H 0 (Null hypothesis) and accept H that is hypothesis of the study. Hence it proves that Cloud services are cheaper than the existing ERP system 7. Hypothesis : Use of Cloud increases the resource flexibility level in educational sector. According to data collected from 33 people, 7 people agree upon the increases resource flexibility. For testing this hypothesis, null and alternative hypothesis are set and which are as follows- H 0 : Cloud doesn t affect the resource flexibility level in educational sector. H : Use of Cloud increase the resource flexibility level in educational sector. Table No. : ANOVA for Flexibility for Groups Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 4.54 4.54 Within Groups 39.355 3.70 Total 3.879 3 9.38.000 Volume, Issue 0, October 03 Page 95

As per above table, P value is 0.000 which is less than α=0.05, the level of significance. Therefore, it is enough evidence to reject the Null hypothesis and accept H that is hypothesis of the study. Hence it proves that Use of Cloud increases the resource flexibility level in educational sector 7.3 Hypothesis 3: Cloud Computing services are more secure. Null and alternative hypothesis are- H 0 : Cloud Computing services are not secure. H : Cloud Computing services are more secure. For testing this hypothesis, one sample t test has been applies. T- Statistics for the same has been shown in following table. Table No. : One Sample Test Statistics 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference T Do Sig. (-tailed) Lower Upper 7.40 50.000..47 As per above table, P value is 0.000 which is less than α=0.05, the level of significance. Therefore, it is enough evidence to reject the Null hypothesis and accept alternative hypothesis that, Cloud Computing services are more secure. 7.4 Hypothesis 4: Cloud Computing is applicable in all IT and educational sectors. As per primary data, 93.9% respondents agreed that, is applicable in IT and educational sector. H 0 : Cloud is not applicable in educational sector. H : Cloud Computing is applicable in all IT and educational sectors. Table No. 3: One Sample Test Statistics 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference T df Sig. (-tailed) Lower Upper 9.07 54.000.3.3 As per above table, P value is 0.000 which is less than α=0.05, the level of significance. Therefore, it is enough evidence to reject the Null hypothesis and accept alternative hypothesis that, Cloud Computing is applicable in all IT and educational sectors. 8. Findings We have collected data from 55 respondents from which respondents are IT professionals and rests of the 33 respondents are from educational institutes. 93 percent educational institutes are aware about. As per the educational institute s opinion, the cost to implement lies mainly between Rs.30, 000-40,000 only. It is seen that the percentage of PaaS & SaaS requires high implementation cost (Rs. 90000/-) as compared to IaaS. 90 percent educational institutes agreed that is cheaper than traditional ERP system and they are satisfied with Study reveals that services are more reliable with average value 4.0 followed by accessibility with average value 3.90, security is high with average value 3.78. Further resources flexibility with average value is 3.9 and resource availability with average value is 3.8. Most of the educational institutes used Hybrid Deployment model as compared other models. As per IT and Educational sectors point of view, security of is very high. 9. Conclusion In today s fast moving life people want all the facilities at their maximum convenience which is provided by the over the internet, this is one of the reasons for the growing popularity of. Still a large proportions of people today refrain themselves from using these facilities due to the security reasons or reliability with. This means that the IT professionals usually go for just internet services or intranet within the organization without implementing the which results in increased cost. Ratio for awareness of in educational sector is very high as compared to the unawareness Effectiveness of services is very high Volume, Issue 0, October 03 Page 9

From the research the researchers can also conclude that the organizations using services uses the same for all their connectivity issues. Also a few other products such as Drop Box, Google Drive have increased the awareness in the people. The research also shows that most of the people using these facilities view it as time saving and cost saving. Educational sector can decrease the paper work by implementing the services. The cost incurred for the software licensing can be reduced by sharing software with the help of SaaS. 0. Suggestions & Recommendations The respondents have put forward certain suggestions and recommendations which have been summarized into a more organized form by the researcher 0. Suggestions The use of should be promoted by organizations. Services charges for should be minimized. All the different models should be available at low implementation cost. Cloud should be promoted for the personal use. The technology should be made simpler, user- friendly and easily accessible. The should not only be available to faculties or management in institutions but also should be available students. The platform requirement for accessing the should be should be minimized such as Efforts should be made to decrease the technical problems and security issues regarding the. Different security measures should be applied in order to provide security for data and services provided by. 0. Recommendations The following are the recommendations for increasing the use and popularity of facilities: Proper training is given to employees by the implementing organization to access the applications, resources or software s over the internet, then the time and cost incurred can be minimized. Create a trust in organizations towards security of the services and data. Cloud services implementation and access should be available at lower cost. References [] A Descriptive Literature Review and Classification of Cloud Computing Research,Communications of the Association for Information Systems, Volume 3-Article [] Amazon EC, http://aws.amazon.com/ec/ [3] Amazon EC, http://aws.amazon.com/ec/ [4] Daniel D. Sunil - (Information Journal of Computer Engineering, July-Dec 0, Vol 3 Issue No-) [5] Google App Engine, http://code.google.com/appengine/ [] Google App Engine, http://code.google.com/appengine/ [7] Google Apps, http://docs.google.com/ [8] Google Apps, http://docs.google.com/ [9] Kothari C.R., Research Methodology, Methods & Techniques, New Age International Publication, New Delhi. [0] Malhotra N.K book on Marketing Research fifth edition [] Pat Garrehy,Founder, President, and CEO for Rootstock Software [] Samir Tout, William Sverdlik, Gerald (Skip) LawverinProc article on Cloud Computing and its Security in Higher Education By ISECON 009, v (Washington DC): 34 [3] Shuai Z; Shufen Z; Xuebin C; Xiuzhen H; (00), Cloud Computing Research and Development Trend, nd International conference on Future Networks, 00.ICFN ' 0.pp 3, -4 Jan 00. [4] WCES-00 - Effective use of in educational institutions By TuncayErcan, Yasar University, Department of Computer Engineering, SelcukYasarKampusu, Agacl Yol, No:35-37, Bornova 35500, Izmir, Turkey [5] Wikipedia., http:/en.wikipedia.com/wiki/_ AUTHOR Dr. Manisha A Kumbhar received the MCA Degree from Govt. College of Engg. Karad in 999. She has Also completed her Ph.D. on e-governance in management from Tilak Maharashtra vidyapeeth, Pune. She is now with Sinhgad Institute of Management, Pune-4 as a Asso. Professor. Volume, Issue 0, October 03 Page 97