Vol 5 Issue 7 Aug 2015 ISSN No : 2230-7850 ORIGINAL ARTICLE International Multidisciplinary Research Journal Indian Streams Research Journal Executive Editor Ashok Yakkaldevi Editor-in-Chief H.N.Jagtap
Welcome to ISRJ RNI MAHMUL/2011/38595 ISSN No.2230-7850 Indian Streams Research Journal is a multidisciplinary research journal, published monthly in English, Hindi & Marathi Language. All research papers submitted to the journal will be double - blind peer reviewed referred by members of the editorial board.readers will include investigator in universities, research institutes government and industry with research interest in the general subjects. International Advisory Board Flávio de São Pedro Filho Federal University of Rondonia, Brazil Kamani Perera Regional Center For Strategic Studies, Sri Lanka Janaki Sinnasamy Librarian, University of Malaya Romona Mihaila Spiru Haret University, Romania Delia Serbescu Spiru Haret University, Bucharest, Romania Anurag Misra DBS College, Kanpur Titus PopPhD, Partium Christian University, Oradea,Romania Mohammad Hailat Dept. of Mathematical Sciences, University of South Carolina Aiken Abdullah Sabbagh Engineering Studies, Sydney Ecaterina Patrascu Spiru Haret University, Bucharest Loredana Bosca Spiru Haret University, Romania Fabricio Moraes de Almeida Federal University of Rondonia, Brazil George - Calin SERITAN Faculty of Philosophy and Socio-Political Sciences Al. I. Cuza University, Iasi Editorial Board Hasan Baktir English Language and Literature Department, Kayseri Ghayoor Abbas Chotana Dept of Chemistry, Lahore University of Management Sciences[PK] Anna Maria Constantinovici AL. I. Cuza University, Romania Ilie Pintea, Spiru Haret University, Romania Xiaohua Yang PhD, USA...More Pratap Vyamktrao Naikwade Iresh Swami ASP College Devrukh,Ratnagiri,MS India Ex - VC. Solapur University, Solapur R. R. Patil Head Geology Department Solapur University,Solapur Rama Bhosale Prin. and Jt. Director Higher Education, Panvel Salve R. N. Department of Sociology, Shivaji University,Kolhapur N.S. Dhaygude Ex. Prin. Dayanand College, Solapur Narendra Kadu Jt. Director Higher Education, Pune K. M. Bhandarkar Praful Patel College of Education, Gondia Sonal Singh Vikram University, Ujjain Rajendra Shendge Director, B.C.U.D. Solapur University, Solapur R. R. Yalikar Director Managment Institute, Solapur Umesh Rajderkar Head Humanities & Social Science YCMOU,Nashik S. R. Pandya Head Education Dept. Mumbai University, Mumbai Govind P. Shinde Bharati Vidyapeeth School of Distance Education Center, Navi Mumbai Chakane Sanjay Dnyaneshwar Arts, Science & Commerce College, Indapur, Pune Awadhesh Kumar Shirotriya Secretary,Play India Play,Meerut(U.P.) G. P. Patankar Alka Darshan Shrivastava S. D. M. Degree College, Honavar, Karnataka Shaskiya Snatkottar Mahavidyalaya, Dhar Maj. S. Bakhtiar Choudhary Director,Hyderabad AP India. S.Parvathi Devi Ph.D.-University of Allahabad Sonal Singh, Vikram University, Ujjain Rahul Shriram Sudke Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya, Indore S.KANNAN Annamalai University,TN Satish Kumar Kalhotra Maulana Azad National Urdu University Address:-Ashok Yakkaldevi 258/34, Raviwar Peth, Solapur - 413 005 Maharashtra, India Cell : 9595 359 435, Ph No: 02172372010 Email: ayisrj@yahoo.in Website: www.isrj.org
Indian Streams Research Journal Impact Factor : 3.1560(UIF) ISSN 2230-7850 Volume - 5 Issue - 7 Aug - 2015 SATATUS OF AGRO BASED INDUSTRIES OWNERS IN THE SATARA TEHSIL 1 2 Sumita S. Thorat and Meena B. Potdar 1 Research Student, Department of Geography, Shivaji University, Kolhapur. 2 Research Guide, Department of Geography, Shivaji University, Kolhapur. ABSTRACT gro based industry refers to an industry that prepares product from agricultural raw Amaterials through processing in order to produce marketable and usable products that bring forth profits and additional income to the producer. The development of the agro industry can help steady and make agriculture more worthwhile and create employment opportunities both at the production and marketing field. The broad based development of the agro products industry will improve both the social and physical infrastructure of India. India is one of the largest producers of food, and is the second largest producer of rice, wheat, fruits, and vegetables in the world. Nearly 70% of the population depends on agriculture and agro-based industries. About 24 agro based industries are in Satara tehsil. Here about 12 percent agrobased industries are taken for assessment of status of owners. In which large scale medium scale and small scale industry taken. Mostly all these industries are established in between 1991 to 2011. The owner of these industries are not skilled educated most of them are graduate and some are post graduate. All these agro based industries are private industries only one sugar factory is public industry. In sugar factory management is selected on the basis of election basis and after every five years elections takes place. But in all other private industries ownership is change only after death of owners. KEYWORDS : Agro based industry, agricultural raw materials, additional income. INTRODUCTION Agro based industry refers to an industry that prepares product from agricultural raw materials through processing in order to produce marketable and usable products that bring forth profits and additional income to the producer. The development of the agro industry can help steady and make agriculture more worthwhile and create employment opportunities both at the production and marketing field. The broad based development of the agro products industry will improve both the social and physical infrastructure of India. India is one of the largest producers of food, and is the second largest producer of rice, wheat, fruits, and vegetables in the world. Nearly 70% of the population depends on agriculture and agro-based industries. Since it would cause diversification and 1
commercialization of agriculture, it will thus enhance the incomes of farmers and create food surpluses. It is a well recognized fact across the world, particularly in the context of industrial development that the importance of agro industries is relative to agriculture increases as economies develop. It should be emphasized that food is not just produce. Food also encompasses a wide variety of processed products. It is in this sense that the agro-industry is an important and vital part of the manufacturing sector in developing countries and the means for building industrial capacities. The development of agro-based industries commenced during pre-independence days. Cotton mills, sugar mills, jute mills were more developed in the corporate sector. During the post-independence days, with a view to rendering more employment and using local resources, small scale and village industries were favored. It is the second-largest producer of food in the world and spends more than a quarter of its expenditure on food and related items. Maharashtra is very significant in the agrobased industrial development in India. In Satara district few agrobased industries are developed they are also unique such as Mapro but not such developed in Satara tehsil. Therefore here made to attempt the assessment of Agro based industries in the Satara tehsil on the basis of taken of interview to the owners in the study region. OBJECTIVES-: 1)To assessment the Agro based industries in the Satara tehsil. 2)To analyze the role Agro based industry of development of the study region. STUDY AREA -: Satara tehsil located in 17º71" latitude to 74º01 longitude. It covers an area of 4,048sq.m. Satara tehsil includes 208 villages. Population of Satara tehsil is 1, 49,170 in years 2011. Elevation of Satara tehsil is 742m. in Satara tehsil two industrial areas are established which is known as Old MIDC and Additional MIDC, and 1 industrial estate of karanje located in Satara tehsil. DATABASE AND METHDOLOGY -: Primary data collected is collected from schedule prepare for the industrial owners. This schedule covered information about establishment, finance, set up production and investment even regarding problems. Secondary data has been collected from district census handbook and socioeconomic review. AGROBASED INDUSTRIES IN SATARA TEHSIL: Agro based industries are the industries which are processing agricultural product and preparing final food products. About 24 agro based industries are in Satara tehsil. Here about 12 percent agrobased industries are taken for assessment of status of owners. In which large scale medium scale and small scale industry taken. Mostly all these industries are established in between 1991 to 2011. The owner of these industries are not skilled educated most of them are graduate and some are post graduate. All these agro based industries are private industries only one sugar factory is public industry. In sugar factory management is selected on the basis of election basis and after every five years elections takes place. But in all other private industries ownership is change only after death of owners. 2
Table : Total Workers in Agro based Industries Groups of total workers Actual value Percentage 10 to 20 21 87.5 20 to 40 02 8.33 Above 40 1 4.16 Source: based on fieldwork. Above table shows number of workers in the agro based industries. In sugar industry number of workers are more. But in flour and Rava industry and other house hold agro based industries workers are very less. Table :Nature of Workers in Agro based Industry-: Nature of workers Male Percentage Female Percentage Skilled 61 57 7 46.6 Unskilled 46 42.9 8 53.3 Source: compiled by the researcher. In the Agro based industries total 57 % male workers are skilled and 42.9 % unskilled, and the total 46.6 % female workers are skilled and 53.3 % female workers are unskilled. Mostly in sugar mills workers needs skilled and even in few industries like Rice processing where heavy machineries need to be handle but in other industries they doesn t need skilled workers therefore unskilled workers are also near to skilled workers. NATURE OF RAW MATERIAL-: Beans of groundnut, karanjee seeds, wheat, maize and sugarcane these are the raw materials used in the Agro based industries. SOURCE OF RAW MATERIAL AREA / REGION-: Raw material is collected from the source region of APMC market, local area of Satara, all the Satara district area and Maharashtra and out of Maharashtra s agriculture area. Mostly agro based industrial raw material is collecting from near by areas from 1 km or less than one km. SOURCE DESTINATION OF EQUIPMENT AND MACHINERY-: Equipment and machineries for Agro based industries are brought from the Hyderabad, Gujarat and Mumbai. Heavy machinery required for the sugar factory are taken mostly from Gujarat and Mumbai. SECURITY OF THE INDUSTRIES-: Security guard and web cameras for premises, are using in the medium and large scale industries in the region. 3
GOVERNMENT FACILITIES OR SCHEME USING FOR INDUSTRY-: Subsidies, sales tax incentives, ESI and all facilities related to sugarcane and sugar etc. these are used in government facilities and scheme for the Agro based industry. DEPARTMENT IN THE INDUSTRY-: In large scale and medium scale industries manufacturing department, accounts, administration, production, HR, marketing, depose, environmental distillery, store, medical etc. these are all the various departments present. MARKETING STRATEGY OF THE INDUSTRY-: The marketing strategy of the industries is mostly wholesale, but only in sugar industry determines the strategy by tender notice market. And some industries, retail strategies are used. Market fluctuation is found all the Agro based industries in large and small proportion. MARKET PLACE OF FINAL PRODUCT-: Local market of Satara, Satara district, Maharashtra, all India and abroad etc. are the market place of Agro based industries final products. NATURE OF FINAL PRODUCT-: Nature of final product is perishable. Ground nut oil, cattle food, sugar and rawa maida is the final products of the collected industries. Table : Expenditure by Agro based Industry or on the Product-: Factor Per month Per year Permanent Land - - 80 lakh to 9 crore Equipment - - 20 lakh to 1 crore Machinery - - 60 lakh to 13 crore Electricity 25 thousand to 10 lakhs Raw material 10 to 30 lakhs 80 to 100 crore - Transport 30 to 70 thousand 14 to 17 crore - Marketing - 10 to 20 thousand - Worker 1 lakhs to 2 crore - Other - - - Maintenance - 50 thousand to 6 crore - - Source: Based on field work. In the table no. 4.8 shows the expenditure by Agro based industries or on the product. In this table shows the expenditure of permanently on the factor like land, equipment and machinery for medium and large scale industry is in between 80 lakh to 13 crore rupees, and remaining factors expenditure of above table is reveals the per month as well as per year. Electricity expenditure in the Agro based industries having per month and it is in between 25 thousand to 10 lakhs. On the raw 4
material expend Agro based industries are per month 10 to 30lakhs per month and per year expend 80 to 100 crore, for transportation requires 30 to 70 thousand and 14 to 17 crore rupees, Agro based industries spend on marketing 10 to 20 thousand per year, and on the maintenance expend approximately 50 thousand to 6 crore rupees. In the above table of Agro based industries observed is all the selected expenditure rates is high, because in need big processing unit but this is one time investment. Agro based Industries Provided Facilities to Worker Facilities Actual value Percentage Cloth 1 8.33 Food 1 8.33 Health 3 25 Education 1 8.33 Transportation - - House 1 8.33 Entertainment - - Communication 1 8.33 Training program 2 16.67 Other facility 2 16.67 Source: Based on fieldwork. Figure Agro based Industries Provided Facilities to Worker Source: compiled by researcher. In the Agro based industries of Satara tehsil provided various facilities. In that 8.33 % industries provided cloth, food, and education, house, and communication etc. facility to the workers, and more than 16 % industries provided training program and other facility. And the 25 % industries provided health facility. Mostly large scale industry like sugar factory which is public are providing all facilities otherwise medium scale industries are not providing few facilities like entertainment, health and 5
educational support but small scale industries are not providing much facilities to the workers. In some industries they organize development program regularly for the worker. HAVING HR DEPARTMENT-: Only sugar industry is having human resource department for the development of workers and coordination between workers and industry. Table No. Category wise Wages of Workers in Agro based Industry-: Source: Based on fieldwork In the Agro based industries are category wise wages and incentives are high in large scale industry like sugar industry but in small scale industry wages are low. Mostly unskilled workers are getting low wages and skilled workers are getting high wages. Incentives are in the range of wages. NATURE OF WASTE-: In the Agro based industries waste material is solid and liquid in nature. In that molasses, canes waste, oily material and the dust of cereals are included. WASTE DISPOSAL PROCEDURE-: Compositing from waste material and composite material is selling in market which is using as fodder for animal and fertilizer, making chemical from waste material, making oil cake, dust and filing etc. material is sale. LOCATION OF WASTE DISPOSAL-: Industry premises, local area. Category Wages Incentives Administrative 10 to 30 thousand 20 to 50 thousand Executive 25 to 60 thousand 30 thousand to 1 DEMAND OF PRODUCTION-: All the Agro based industries demand is having seasonal as well as permanent. lakhs Engineer 15 to 25 thousand 10 to 50 thousand Worker 6 to 18 thousand 9 to 40 thousand Security guard 4 to 15 thousand 9 to 30 thousand Other 9 to 12 thousand 5 to 20 thousand 6
Table Impact on Demand of Agro based industries Production -: Impact factor Actual value Percentage Customer 2 11.76 Prize 3 17.65 Market 2 11.76 Main area of that region 1 5.88 Publicity / advertisement 1 5.88 Basic needs 3 17.65 Distance 2 11.76 Road network 1 5.88 Communication 2 11.76 Source: Based on fieldwork Impact on Demand of Agro based industries Production -: Source: compiled by researcher. In the above table indicate the impact of various factors on demand of agro based industries production. As per industrial owners view 11.76 % factor of customer, market, distance and the communication effected on the demand in the Agro based industries production, 17.65 % factor of prize and basic need are affected on the demand and the 5.88 % factor of main area of that region, publicity or advertisement, road network is impacting on demand. So, on the production of Agro based industries more affected factors are customers, prize, market, basic needs, distance and communication, because of these factors, demand of production is increase or decrease. 7
ANNUAL TURNOVER OF INDUSTRY-: Annual turnover of Agro based industries is 50 lakhs to 200 crore rupees respectively from small scale to large scale industry. BENEFIT OF INDUSTRY-: The benefit of the collected Agro based industries is 10 lakhs to 50 crores. There are about 24 agro based industries are established in Satara tehsil only one is large scale and 2 are medium scale remaining all are small scale. The large scale industry is cooperative sugar industry. These processing industry are established in number of villages which created employment in these villages. These industries are using agriculture product of near by areas as a raw material which is also creating market for agricultural sector. These industries are giving wages which are very low. And mostly are not giving much facility to the workers. Market is also not much established. Therefore they need to increase production and market area for finished products. Wages of the workers should increased. REFERENCES-: 1.District industrial center of Satara district. 2.Industrial dictionary of Satara district. (2011) 3.Dr. M. B. Potdar : Economic Impact of Tourism on Amboli Hill station : A Geographical Analysis, Indian Journal of Regional Science, Vol. XXXXI No. 2 ISSN - 0046-9017, 2009, No. 2 pp 149-154 8
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