1. Planning - Establishing organizational goals and deciding how to accomplish them

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "1. Planning - Establishing organizational goals and deciding how to accomplish them"

Transcription

1 1 : Understanding the Management Process Basic Management Functions 1. Planning - Establishing organizational goals and deciding how to accomplish them SWOT analysis - The identification and evaluation of a firm s Strengths / Weaknesses /Opportunities / Threats Strengths and Weaknesses - Financial, management, location, department - Cost advantages from know-how - Creativity - Valuable intangible assets - Competitive capabilities - Effective recruitment of talented individuals Opportunities and Threats - Expansion - Market trends - Economic conditions - Government / law - Public expectation - Changes in markets Types of plans - Strategic plan - Tactical plan - Operational plan - Contingency 2. Organizing

2 The grouping of resources and activities to accomplish some end result in an efficient and effective manner 3. Leading and motivating - Leading - Motivating - Directing 4. Controlling Evaluating and regulating ongoing activities to ensure that goals are achieved Levels of management - Top manager - Middle manager - First-line manager Styles of Leadership - Autocratic leadership - Participative leadership - Entrepreneurial leadership Total Quality Management customer supplier partnerships 2 : Producing Quality Goods and Services Operation manager

3 Operation manager Operations managers must appreciate the manufacturing process 1. Mass production 2. Analytical process 3. Synthetic process The conversion Process Utility - ability of good or service to satisfy human need Form Utility - utility created by people converting raw materials, finances, and information into finished products Service Economy - Services are consumed immediately and cannot be stored - Services are provided when and where customer desires - Services are usually labor intensive - Services are intangible, market it difficult to evaluate customer satisfaction Planning for Production 1. Research and Development - Basic research - Applied research - Development and implementation Product Extension and Refinement - Product life style - Product refinement - Product extension 2. Design planning- the development of a plan for converting an idea into an actual product or services

4 - Product line - Product design - Capacity - Use of technology 3. Facilities planning the process of determining where products or services are to be produced - Factors influencing the location decision for a production facility - Human resources - Plant layout 4. Operational Planning Step 1: Selecting a planning horizon Step 2: Estimating market demand Step 3: Comparing market demand with capacity Step 4: Adjusting products or services to meet demand Operations Control - Purchasing All the activities involved in obtaining required materials, components, supplies, and parts from other firms - Inventory control The process of managing inventories in such a way as to minimize inventory costs, including both holding costs and potential stockout costs - Scheduling The process of ensuring that the materials and other resources are at the right place at the right time - Quality control The process of ensuring that goods and services are produced in accordance with specifications

5 3 : Using accounting Information Different types of Accounting - Managerial Accounting - Financial Accounting The Accounting Process - Assets - Liabilities - Owners equity The Balance Sheet - Current assets - Fixed assets - Intangible assets Liabilities - Current liabilities - Long-term liabilities Owners or stockholders equity - Equity - Retained earnings 2. The Income - Gross sales - Net of goods sold

6 Operating expenses - Selling expenses - General expenses Evaluating Financial Statement Using accounting information to evaluate a potential investment Investors often use a firm s financial statement for evaluating potential investment Comparing data with other firm data Financial ratio : number that shows the relationship between two elements of the firm financial statement 1 ) Profitability ratio - Return on sales : indicate how effectively the firm is transforming sales into profit Return on sale = net income (after tax) /net sales - Return on Owner Equity : indicate how much income is generated by each dollar of equity Return on Owner s Equity = net income (after tax) / Owner s Equity - Earning per share : the average income per share for stockholders Earning per share = net income / common stock share outstanding 2) Short term financial ratios - Working Capital : indicate how much would remain if a firm paid off all current liabilities with cash and other current assets Working Capital = Current Assets Current Liabilities

7 - Current Ratio : indicate the ability of the firm to pay short term obligation Current Ratio = Current Assets / Current Liabilities - Acid-Test Ratio : measure of the firm s ability to pay current liability quickly Acid- test ratio = cash + marketable securities + receivable / current liabilities 3) Activity ratio - Account receivable turnover : the number of times the firm collects its account receivable in one year Accounting receivable turnover = net sales / account receivable - Inventory Turnover : the number of time the firm sells its merchandise inventory in one year Inventory Turnover = Cost of goods sold / average inventory - Debt-to-Equity ratio : determine whether the firm has too much debt or not by each of equity Debt-to-equity = total liabilities / total owner s equity Statement of cash flow Statement of the firm s cash receipt and cash payment information on its source and use of cash - Operating Activities - Investing Activities - Finance Activities Topic 4 : Mastering Financial Management Financial Management : all activities concerned with obtaining money and using it effectively

8 The need for Financing - Short term financing : money that will be used for one year or less Cash flow the movement of money into and out of an organization Inventory - speculative production - Long term financing : money that will be used for longer than one year Often involves large amounts of money The need for Financial management Financial management during the economic crisis - Ensure that funds are available when needs and are obtained at lowest possible cost Financial reform after the economic crisis - Hold the firms accountable for their actions The Risk-Return ratio - Based on the principle that a high-risk decision should generate higher financial returns for a business and more conservative often generate lesser returns Financial Planning Financial plan : a plan for obtaning and using the money needed to implement an organization s goals Developing the financial plan : after a financial plan has been developed, it must be monitored continually to ensure that it actually fulfills the firm s goal and objective 1) Establishing organizational goals Goal : an end result that an organization expects to achieve over a one to ten year period 2) Budgeting for financial needs Budget : a financial statement that project income and expenditures over a spescified period

9 Cash budget : projects cash receipt and expenditures over a specified period Capital budget : estimates a firm s expenditures for major assets and its long-term financing need 3) Identifying sources of funds Sales revenue - provide the greatest part of the firm s financing Euquity capital money received from the owners or from the sale pf shares of ownership in the business Debt capital borrowed money obtained through loans Sale of assets if absolutely necessary or when no longer need Source of Short-term debt financing Unsecured financing financing not backed by collateral Trade credit : financing extended by a seller who does not require immediate payment after the delivery of the merchandise Promissory notes : a written pledge by a borrower to pay a certain sum of money to a creditior at a specified future datw Unsecured bank loans - Interest rates vary with each borrowe s credit rating - Prime interest rate = The lowest rate charged by a bank for a short-term loan Commercial paper : Short term promissory note issued by a large corporation Source of secured loans - Loans secured by inventory : inventory is pledged as collateral Control of the inventory passes to the lender until the loan is repaid - Loans secured by receivabies : amount owed to a firm byits customers are pledged as collateral Factoring Accounts Receivable - Factor : A firm that specializes in buying other firm s accounts receivable. The factor buys accounrs receivable for less than their face value

10 Sources of Equity Financing For sole proprietorship or partnerships - Owner or owner invest money in the business For corporations - Sale of stocky - Use of profits not distributed to owners - Venture capital Selling stock - Initial public offering = when a corporation sells common stock to the general public for the first time. - The secondary market = a market for existing financial securities that are traded between investors. Retained earning = the portion of a corporation s profits not distributed to stockholders. Venture capital = money invested in small firms that have the potential to become very successful and extremely profitable. Private placement = stock and other corporate securities are sold directly to insurance companies, pension funds, or large institutional investors. Sources of long-term debt financing Financial leverage = the use of borrowed funds to increase the return on owners equity. Long-term loans = for loans longer than 1 year Corporate bonds = a corporation s written pledge that it will repay a specified amount of money with interest. Maturity date = the date on which a corporation is to repay borrowed money.

11 Topic 5 business in a global setting The basis for international business International business = all business activities that involve exchanges across national boundaries Absolute vs comparative advantage Absolute advantage - The ability to produce a specific product more efficiently than any other nation. - The country maintain only source of particular product. Comparative advantage - The ability of the country to produce a specific product more efficiently than any other product Exporting = selling and shipping raw materials or products to other nations. Importing = purchasing raw materials or products in other nations and bring them into one s own country. Balance of trade = the total value of a nation s exports minus the total value of its imports over some period of time. Trade deficit = a negative balance of trade. Trade surplus = a positive balance of trade. Restrictions to International business

12 - Nations are generally eager to export their products to provide markets for their industries and develop a favorable balance of trade. - Most trade restrictions are applied to import trade restrictions are applied to imports from other nations. Types of trade restrictions Tariff barrier = a tax levied on a particular foreign product entering a country - Revenue tariffs = are imposed to generate income for the government. - Protective tariffs = are imposed to protect a domestic industry from competition by keeping the prices of imports at or above the price of domestic dumping = the exportation of large quantities of a product at a price lower than that of the same product in the home market. Nontariff barriers = nontax measures imposed by a government to favor domestic over foreign suppliers. - Import quota = a limit on the amount of a particular good that may be imported during a given time. - Embargo = a complete halt to trading with a particular nation or in a particular product. - Foreign exchange control = restriction on amount of foreign currency that can be purchased or sold - Currency devaluation = the reduction of the value of a nation s currency relative to the currencies of other countries. - Bureaucratic red tape = subtly imposes unnecessarily burdensome and complex standards and requirements for imported goods. Method of entering international business - Licensing = a contractual agreement in which one firm permits another to produce and market its product and use its brand name in return for a royalty or other compensation.

13 - Exporting = selling and shipping raw materials or products to other nations. - Joint ventures = a partnership formed to achieve a specific goal or to operate for a specific period of time. - Totally owned facilities = the company develop and own production marketing facilities in one or more foreign nations. - Strategic alliances = partnerships formed to create competitive advantstrategic alliances = partnerships formed to create competitive advantage on a worldwide basis. - Trading companies = firms that provide a link between buyers and sellers in different countries - Multinational enterprise = a firm that operates on a worldwide scale without ties to any specific nation or region. Members 1. Wannuwat K Pimpika M Ornicha

9. Short-Term Liquidity Analysis. Operating Cash Conversion Cycle

9. Short-Term Liquidity Analysis. Operating Cash Conversion Cycle 9. Short-Term Liquidity Analysis. Operating Cash Conversion Cycle 9.1 Current Assets and 9.1.1 Cash A firm should maintain as little cash as possible, because cash is a nonproductive asset. It earns no

More information

Ipx!up!hfu!uif Dsfeju!zpv!Eftfswf

Ipx!up!hfu!uif Dsfeju!zpv!Eftfswf Ipx!up!hfu!uif Dsfeju!zpv!Eftfswf Credit is the lifeblood of South Louisiana business, especially for the smaller firm. It helps the small business owner get started, obtain equipment, build inventory,

More information

Accounts payable Money which you owe to an individual or business for goods or services that have been received but not yet paid for.

Accounts payable Money which you owe to an individual or business for goods or services that have been received but not yet paid for. A Account A record of a business transaction. A contract arrangement, written or unwritten, to purchase and take delivery with payment to be made later as arranged. Accounts payable Money which you owe

More information

CHAPTER 17. Financial Management

CHAPTER 17. Financial Management CHAPTER 17 Financial Management Chapter Summary: Key Concepts The Role of the Financial Manager Financial managers Risk-return trade-off Executives who develop and implement their firm s financial plan

More information

Accounts Payable are the total amounts your business owes its suppliers for goods and services purchased.

Accounts Payable are the total amounts your business owes its suppliers for goods and services purchased. Accounts Payable are the total amounts your business owes its suppliers for goods and services purchased. Accounts Receivable are the total amounts customers owe your business for goods or services sold

More information

5.3.2015 г. OC = AAI + ACP

5.3.2015 г. OC = AAI + ACP D. Dimov Working capital (or short-term financial) management is the management of current assets and current liabilities: Current assets include inventory, accounts receivable, marketable securities,

More information

Learning Objectives: Quick answer key: Question # Multiple Choice True/False. 14.1 Describe the important of accounting and financial information.

Learning Objectives: Quick answer key: Question # Multiple Choice True/False. 14.1 Describe the important of accounting and financial information. 0 Learning Objectives: 14.1 Describe the important of accounting and financial information. 14.2 Differentiate between managerial and financial accounting. 14.3 Identify the six steps of the accounting

More information

ICAP GROUP S.A. FINANCIAL RATIOS EXPLANATION

ICAP GROUP S.A. FINANCIAL RATIOS EXPLANATION ICAP GROUP S.A. FINANCIAL RATIOS EXPLANATION OCTOBER 2006 Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION... 3 2. FINANCIAL RATIOS FOR COMPANIES (INDUSTRY - COMMERCE - SERVICES) 4 2.1 Profitability Ratios...4 2.2 Viability

More information

It is concerned with decisions relating to current assets and current liabilities

It is concerned with decisions relating to current assets and current liabilities It is concerned with decisions relating to current assets and current liabilities Best Buy Co, NA s largest consumer electronics retailer, has performed extremely well over the past decade. Its stock sold

More information

How To Calculate Financial Leverage Ratio

How To Calculate Financial Leverage Ratio What Do Short-Term Liquidity Ratios Measure? What Is Working Capital? HOCK international - 2004 1 HOCK international - 2004 2 How Is the Current Ratio Calculated? How Is the Quick Ratio Calculated? HOCK

More information

UNDERSTANDING WHERE YOU STAND. A Simple Guide to Your Company s Financial Statements

UNDERSTANDING WHERE YOU STAND. A Simple Guide to Your Company s Financial Statements UNDERSTANDING WHERE YOU STAND A Simple Guide to Your Company s Financial Statements Contents INTRODUCTION One statement cannot diagnose your company s financial health. Put several statements together

More information

RENAISSANCE ENTREPRENEURSHIP CENTER First Finance Class (FIN-1)

RENAISSANCE ENTREPRENEURSHIP CENTER First Finance Class (FIN-1) Finance 1 (FIN-1) RENAISSANCE ENTREPRENEURSHIP CENTER (FIN-1) Learning Outcomes At the conclusion of this class, you should: Know what will be covered in the six finance class sessions. Have reviewed some

More information

Chapter Sources of Short-Term Financing

Chapter Sources of Short-Term Financing Chapter Sources of Short-Term Financing Chapter 8 - Outline PPT 8-2 Sources of Short-Term Financing Trade Credit from Suppliers Net Credit Position Chartered Banks in Canada Types of Short-term Loans Interest

More information

Preparing a Successful Financial Plan

Preparing a Successful Financial Plan Topic 9 Preparing a Successful Financial Plan LEARNING OUTCOMES By the end of this topic, you should be able to: 1. Describe the overview of accounting methods; 2. Prepare the three major financial statements

More information

Financial Statements and Ratios: Notes

Financial Statements and Ratios: Notes Financial Statements and Ratios: Notes 1. Uses of the income statement for evaluation Investors use the income statement to help judge their return on investment and creditors (lenders) use it to help

More information

Preparing Financial Statements

Preparing Financial Statements Preparing Financial Statements Understanding financial statements is essential to the success of a small business. They can be used as a roadmap to steer you in the right direction and help you avoid costly

More information

6. Financial Planning. Break-even. Operating and Financial Leverage.

6. Financial Planning. Break-even. Operating and Financial Leverage. 6. Financial Planning. Break-even. Operating and Financial Leverage. Financial planning primarily involves anticipating the impact of operating, investment and financial decisions on the firm s future

More information

Sources of Short-Term Financing C H A P T E R E I G H T

Sources of Short-Term Financing C H A P T E R E I G H T Sources of -Term Financing C H A P T E R E I G H T Figure 8-1 Structure of corporate debt, 1998 PPT 8-1 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Accounts payable Bank loans Other short term loans term paper Bonds

More information

SMALL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT CENTER RM. 032

SMALL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT CENTER RM. 032 SMALL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT CENTER RM. 032 FINANCING THROUGH COMMERCIAL BANKS Revised January, 2013 Adapted from: National Federation of Independent Business report Steps to Small Business Financing Jeffrey

More information

RAPID REVIEW Chapter Content

RAPID REVIEW Chapter Content RAPID REVIEW BASIC ACCOUNTING EQUATION (Chapter 2) INVENTORY (Chapters 5 and 6) Basic Equation Assets Owner s Equity Expanded Owner s Owner s Assets Equation = Liabilities Capital Drawing Revenues Debit

More information

Accounting, Finance & Banking. Business uses accounting: Who uses accounting data? The Basics

Accounting, Finance & Banking. Business uses accounting: Who uses accounting data? The Basics Accounting, Finance & Banking The Basics Copyright 1997 by Donald Jenner All Rights Reserved Based on material developed by Harcourt Brace & Co. and Katherine Conway 1 Business uses accounting: Financing:

More information

Athens University of Economics and Business

Athens University of Economics and Business Athens University of Economics and Business MSc in International Shipping, Finance and Management Corporate Finance George Leledakis An Overview of Corporate Financing Topics Covered Corporate Structure

More information

Understanding A Firm s Financial Statements

Understanding A Firm s Financial Statements CHAPTER OUTLINE Spotlight: J&S Construction Company (http://www.jsconstruction.com) 1 The Lemonade Kids Financial statement (accounting statements) reports of a firm s financial performance and resources,

More information

BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE for Teachers and Students

BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE for Teachers and Students Pathway: Business, Marketing, and Computer Education Lesson: BMM C6 4: Financial Statements and Reports Common Core State Standards for Mathematics: N.Q.2 Domain: Quantities Cluster: Reason quantitatively

More information

ABOUT FINANCIAL RATIO ANALYSIS

ABOUT FINANCIAL RATIO ANALYSIS ABOUT FINANCIAL RATIO ANALYSIS Over the years, a great many financial analysis techniques have developed. They illustrate the relationship between values drawn from the balance sheet and income statement

More information

It is concerned with decisions relating to current assets and current liabilities

It is concerned with decisions relating to current assets and current liabilities It is concerned with decisions relating to current assets and current liabilities Best Buy Co, NA s largest consumer electronics retailer, has performed extremely well over the past decade. Its stock sold

More information

Topic 4 Working Capital Management. 1. Concept of Working Capital 2. Measuring Working Capital and Net Working Capital. 4.

Topic 4 Working Capital Management. 1. Concept of Working Capital 2. Measuring Working Capital and Net Working Capital. 4. Topic 4 Working Capital Management 1. Concept of Working Capital 2. Measuring Working Capital and Net Working Capital 3. Optimization i i of Working Capital 4. Applications 80 Learning objectives This

More information

Report Description. Business Counts. Top 10 States (by Business Counts) Page 1 of 16

Report Description. Business Counts. Top 10 States (by Business Counts) Page 1 of 16 5-Year County-Level Financial Profile Industry Report Architectural Services (SIC Code: 8712) in Prince George County, Maryland Sales Range: $500,000 - $999,999 Date: 11/07/08 Report Description This 5-Year

More information

Appraisal A written analysis prepared by a qualified appraiser and estimating the value of a property

Appraisal A written analysis prepared by a qualified appraiser and estimating the value of a property REAL ESTATE BASICS Affordability Analysis An analysis of a buyer s ability to afford the purchase of a home, reviews income, liabilities, and available funds, and considers the type of mortgage a buyer

More information

Use this section to learn more about business loans and specific financial products that might be right for your company.

Use this section to learn more about business loans and specific financial products that might be right for your company. Types of Financing Use this section to learn more about business loans and specific financial products that might be right for your company. Revolving Line Of Credit Revolving lines of credit are the most

More information

Coming to America. U.S. Tax Planning for Foreign-Owned U.S. Operations

Coming to America. U.S. Tax Planning for Foreign-Owned U.S. Operations Coming to America U.S. Tax Planning for Foreign-Owned U.S. Operations September 2015 Table of Contents Introduction... 2 Tax Checklist for Foreign-Owned U.S. Operations... 2 Typical Life Cycle of Foreign-Owned

More information

INVESTMENT DICTIONARY

INVESTMENT DICTIONARY INVESTMENT DICTIONARY Annual Report An annual report is a document that offers information about the company s activities and operations and contains financial details, cash flow statement, profit and

More information

PRACTICE- Unit 6 AP Economics

PRACTICE- Unit 6 AP Economics PRACTICE- Unit 6 AP Economics Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The term liquid asset means: A. that the asset is used in a barter exchange.

More information

Guide to Sources of Financing for Companies

Guide to Sources of Financing for Companies Guide to Sources of Financing for Companies By John A. Leonard Director, Fairfield and Woods, P.C. Below is a short guide to sources of financing for companies. Twenty-two sources of financing are listed,

More information

NOTE ON LOAN CAPITAL MARKETS

NOTE ON LOAN CAPITAL MARKETS The structure and use of loan products Most businesses use one or more loan products. A company may have a syndicated loan, backstop, line of credit, standby letter of credit, bridge loan, mortgage, or

More information

Chapter 18 Working Capital Management

Chapter 18 Working Capital Management Chapter 18 Working Capital Management Slide Contents Learning Objectives Principles Used in This Chapter 1. Working Capital Management and the Risk-Return Tradeoff 2. Working Capital Policy 3. Operating

More information

Ratio Analysis. A) Liquidity Ratio : - 1) Current ratio = Current asset Current Liability

Ratio Analysis. A) Liquidity Ratio : - 1) Current ratio = Current asset Current Liability A) Liquidity Ratio : - Ratio Analysis 1) Current ratio = Current asset Current Liability 2) Quick ratio or Acid Test ratio = Quick Asset Quick liability Quick Asset = Current Asset Stock Quick Liability

More information

Financial Statement Ratio Analysis

Financial Statement Ratio Analysis Management Accounting 319 Financial Statement Ratio Analysis Financial statements as prepared by the accountant are documents containing much valuable information. Some of the information requires little

More information

REVIEW ONE. Name: Class: Date: Matching

REVIEW ONE. Name: Class: Date: Matching Name: Class: Date: ID: A REVIEW ONE Matching Complete the following using these terms. a. outsourcing b. diversity c. entrepreneur d. competitive differentiation e. strategic alliance f. capital g. vision

More information

Components of a Business Model Core Strategy 1-5 Strategic 1-5 Partnership 1-5 Customer 1-5 Resources Network Interface

Components of a Business Model Core Strategy 1-5 Strategic 1-5 Partnership 1-5 Customer 1-5 Resources Network Interface ENGI 8607: Business Planning and Strategy in an Entrepreneurial Environment ZipCar Dr. Amy Hsiao Lecture 5 Memorial University of Newfoundland ZipCar Components of a Business Model How It Works http://www.zipcar.com/cambridge/findcars?zipfleet_id=94396

More information

Financial Ratio Analysis A GUIDE TO USEFUL RATIOS FOR UNDERSTANDING YOUR SOCIAL ENTERPRISE S FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE

Financial Ratio Analysis A GUIDE TO USEFUL RATIOS FOR UNDERSTANDING YOUR SOCIAL ENTERPRISE S FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE Financial Ratio Analysis A GUIDE TO USEFUL RATIOS FOR UNDERSTANDING YOUR SOCIAL ENTERPRISE S FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE December 2013 Acknowledgments This guide and supporting tools were developed by Julie

More information

The relationship of accounting ratios in balance sheets

The relationship of accounting ratios in balance sheets The relationship of accounting ratios in balance sheets Accounting Ratios are the ratios show the relationship between accounting data in a balance sheet, profit and loss account in a particular organization.

More information

Current liabilities - Obligations that are due within one year. Obligations due beyond that period of time are classified as long-term liabilities.

Current liabilities - Obligations that are due within one year. Obligations due beyond that period of time are classified as long-term liabilities. Accounting Fundamentals Lesson 8 8.0 Liabilities Current liabilities - Obligations that are due within one year. Obligations due beyond that period of time are classified as long-term liabilities. Current

More information

ACER INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES. Consolidated Balance Sheets

ACER INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES. Consolidated Balance Sheets Consolidated Balance Sheets June 30, 2015, December 31, 2014, and (June 30, 2015 and 2014 are reviewed, not audited) Assets 2015.6.30 2014.12.31 2014.6.30 Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ 36,400,657

More information

CIMA F3 Course Notes. Chapter 3. Short term finance

CIMA F3 Course Notes. Chapter 3. Short term finance CIMA F3 Course Notes c Chapter 3 Short term finance Personal use only - not licensed for use on courses 31 1. Conservative, Aggressive and Matching strategies There are three over-riding approaches to

More information

Reading the balance of payments accounts

Reading the balance of payments accounts Reading the balance of payments accounts The balance of payments refers to both: All the various payments between a country and the rest of the world The particular system of accounting we use to keep

More information

Borrowing Money for Your Business

Borrowing Money for Your Business Borrowing Money for Your Business After you have developed a cash flow analysis and determined when your business will make profit, you may decide you need additional funding. Borrowing money is one of

More information

Inventory period: The length of time required to produce and sell the product.

Inventory period: The length of time required to produce and sell the product. FIN 301 Class Notes Chapter 19: Short-Term Financial Planning Operating Cycle Purchasing resources from suppliers Producing the product Distributing the product to customers Create cash flows: Unsynchronized:

More information

BUSINESS PLAN TEMPLATE

BUSINESS PLAN TEMPLATE PARRY SOUND AREA COMMUNITY BUSINESS & DEVELOPMENT CENTRE INC. A Community Futures Development Corporation 1A Church Street, Parry Sound, ON P2A 1Y2 Telephone: (705)746-4455 Toll Free: 1-888-746-4455 Fax:

More information

Chapter 18 Working Capital Management

Chapter 18 Working Capital Management Chapter 18 Working Capital Management Slide Contents Learning Objectives Principles Used in This Chapter 1. Working Capital Management and the Risk- Return Tradeoff 2. Working Capital Policy 3. Operating

More information

Plan and Track Your Finances

Plan and Track Your Finances Plan and Track Your Finances 9.1 Financing Your Business 9.2 Pro Forma Financial Statements 9.3 Recordkeeping for Businesses Lesson 9.1 Financing Your Business Goals Estimate your startup costs and personal

More information

Plan and Track Your Finances

Plan and Track Your Finances Chapter 9 Plan and Track Your Finances 9.1 Finance Your Business 9.2 Pro Forma Financial Statements 9.3 Record Keeping for Businesses Ideas in Action Electronic Safekeeping Katelin Shea addressed the unmet

More information

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Kikkoman Corporation and Consolidated Subsidiaries Years ended March 31, 2009 and 2008

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Kikkoman Corporation and Consolidated Subsidiaries Years ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Kikkoman Corporation and Consolidated Subsidiaries Years ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 1. Basis of Preparation KIKKOMAN CORPORATION (the Company ) and its domestic

More information

CHAPTER 27. Short-Term Financial Planning. Chapter Synopsis

CHAPTER 27. Short-Term Financial Planning. Chapter Synopsis CHAPTER 27 Short-Term Financial Planning Chapter Synopsis 27.1 Forecasting Short-Term Financing Needs The first step in short-term financial planning is to forecast the company s future cash flows. This

More information

MORTGAGE DICTIONARY. Amortization - Amortization is a decrease in the value of assets with time, which is normally the useful life of tangible assets.

MORTGAGE DICTIONARY. Amortization - Amortization is a decrease in the value of assets with time, which is normally the useful life of tangible assets. MORTGAGE DICTIONARY Adjustable-Rate Mortgage An adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM) is a product with a floating or variable rate that adjusts based on some index. Amortization - Amortization is a decrease

More information

Liquidity analysis: Length of cash cycle

Liquidity analysis: Length of cash cycle 2. Liquidity analysis: Length of cash cycle Operating cycle of a merchandising firm: number of days it takes to sell inventory + number of days until the resulting receivables are converted to cash Acquisition

More information

Financial Statements

Financial Statements Financial Statements The financial information forms the basis of financial planning, analysis & decision making for an organization or an individual. Financial information is needed to predict, compare

More information

Lecture 18 SOURCES OF FINANCE AND GOVERNMENT POLICIES

Lecture 18 SOURCES OF FINANCE AND GOVERNMENT POLICIES Lecture 18 SOURCES OF FINANCE AND GOVERNMENT POLICIES Learning Objectives Sources of finance for small and medium-sized businesses. Types of financial assistance Finance is needed throughout a company

More information

Management Accounting and Decision-Making

Management Accounting and Decision-Making Management Accounting 15 Management Accounting and Decision-Making Management accounting writers tend to present management accounting as a loosely connected set of decision making tools. Although the

More information

Financial Ratios and Quality Indicators

Financial Ratios and Quality Indicators Financial Ratios and Quality Indicators From U.S. Small Business Administration Online Women's Business Center If you monitor the ratios on a regular basis you'll gain insight into how effectively you

More information

Dealing With Your Banker &

Dealing With Your Banker & Dealing With Your Banker & Other Lenders Your financing The success or failure of your business will depend on whether or not you have enough capital to: buy the equipment and inventory you need; pay overhead

More information

Preparing Agricultural Financial Statements

Preparing Agricultural Financial Statements Preparing Agricultural Financial Statements Thoroughly understanding your business financial performance is critical for success in today s increasingly competitive agricultural environment. Accurate records

More information

STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS AND WORKING CAPITAL ANALYSIS

STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS AND WORKING CAPITAL ANALYSIS C H A P T E R 1 0 STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS AND WORKING CAPITAL ANALYSIS I N T R O D U C T I O N Historically, profit-oriented businesses have used the accrual basis of accounting in which the income statement,

More information

Measuring Financial Performance: A Critical Key to Managing Risk

Measuring Financial Performance: A Critical Key to Managing Risk Measuring Financial Performance: A Critical Key to Managing Risk Dr. Laurence M. Crane Director of Education and Training National Crop Insurance Services, Inc. The essence of managing risk is making good

More information

Web. Chapter FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AND MARKETS

Web. Chapter FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AND MARKETS FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AND MARKETS T Chapter Summary Chapter Web he Web Chapter provides an overview of the various financial institutions and markets that serve managers of firms and investors who invest

More information

Understanding Financial Information for Bankruptcy Lawyers Understanding Financial Statements

Understanding Financial Information for Bankruptcy Lawyers Understanding Financial Statements Understanding Financial Information for Bankruptcy Lawyers Understanding Financial Statements In the United States, businesses generally present financial information in the form of financial statements

More information

Short-term investments (also known as marketable securities) are easily convertible to cash that a company plans to hold for a year or less.

Short-term investments (also known as marketable securities) are easily convertible to cash that a company plans to hold for a year or less. Accounting Fundamentals Lesson 5 5.0 Receivables & Investments Short-term investments (also known as marketable securities) are easily convertible to cash that a company plans to hold for a year or less.

More information

READING 1. The Money Market. Timothy Q. Cook and Robert K. LaRoche

READING 1. The Money Market. Timothy Q. Cook and Robert K. LaRoche READING 1 The Money Market Timothy Q. Cook and Robert K. LaRoche The major purpose of financial markets is to transfer funds from lenders to borrowers. Financial market participants commonly distinguish

More information

FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT 100 Arbor Drive, Suite 108 Christiansburg, VA 24073 Voice: 540-381-9333 FAX: 540-381-8319 www.becpas.com Providing Professional Business Advisory & Consulting Services Douglas L. Johnston, II djohnston@becpas.com

More information

Often stock is split to lower the price per share so it is more accessible to investors. The stock split is not taxable.

Often stock is split to lower the price per share so it is more accessible to investors. The stock split is not taxable. Reading: Chapter 8 Chapter 8. Stock: Introduction 1. Rights of stockholders 2. Cash dividends 3. Stock dividends 4. The stock split 5. Stock repurchases and liquidations 6. Preferred stock 7. Analysis

More information

Return on Equity has three ratio components. The three ratios that make up Return on Equity are:

Return on Equity has three ratio components. The three ratios that make up Return on Equity are: Evaluating Financial Performance Chapter 1 Return on Equity Why Use Ratios? It has been said that you must measure what you expect to manage and accomplish. Without measurement, you have no reference to

More information

ACCOUNT DEBIT CREDIT Accounts receivable 10,000 Sales 10,000 To record the sale of merchandise to Sophie Company

ACCOUNT DEBIT CREDIT Accounts receivable 10,000 Sales 10,000 To record the sale of merchandise to Sophie Company CURRENT RECEIVABLES Receivables are the amount owed to the organization by its customers and/or others. Current receivables will be collected within one year or the current operating cycle which ever is

More information

Chapter. How Well Am I Doing? Financial Statement Analysis

Chapter. How Well Am I Doing? Financial Statement Analysis Chapter 17 How Well Am I Doing? Financial Statement Analysis 17-2 LEARNING OBJECTIVES After studying this chapter, you should be able to: 1. Explain the need for and limitations of financial statement

More information

National Black Law Journal UCLA

National Black Law Journal UCLA National Black Law Journal UCLA Peer Reviewed Title: An Introduction to Financial Statements for the Practicing Lawyer Journal Issue: National Black Law Journal, 4(1) Author: Edmonds, Thom Publication

More information

SUMITOMO DENSETSU CO., LTD. AND SUBSIDIARIES. Consolidated Financial Statements

SUMITOMO DENSETSU CO., LTD. AND SUBSIDIARIES. Consolidated Financial Statements SUMITOMO DENSETSU CO., LTD. AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Financial Statements Report of Independent Public Accountants To the Board of Directors of Sumitomo Densetsu Co., Ltd. : We have audited the consolidated

More information

Guide to Financial Ratios Analysis A Step by Step Guide to Balance Sheet and Profit and Loss Statement Analysis

Guide to Financial Ratios Analysis A Step by Step Guide to Balance Sheet and Profit and Loss Statement Analysis Guide to Financial Ratios Analysis A Step by Step Guide to Balance Sheet and Profit and Loss Statement Analysis By BizMove Management Training Institute Other free books by BizMove that may interest you:

More information

Accounting Is a Language. Financial Accounting: The Balance Sheet BALANCE SHEET. Accounting Information. Assets. Balance Sheet: Layout

Accounting Is a Language. Financial Accounting: The Balance Sheet BALANCE SHEET. Accounting Information. Assets. Balance Sheet: Layout Accounting Is a Language Financial Accounting: The Balance Sheet Richard S. Barr Purpose: providing information Financial Statements Summarize accounting information Examples We need to know what the numbers

More information

Understanding Financial Statements. For Your Business

Understanding Financial Statements. For Your Business Understanding Financial Statements For Your Business Disclaimer The information provided is for informational purposes only, does not constitute legal advice or create an attorney-client relationship,

More information

Paper F9. Financial Management. Fundamentals Pilot Paper Skills module. The Association of Chartered Certified Accountants

Paper F9. Financial Management. Fundamentals Pilot Paper Skills module. The Association of Chartered Certified Accountants Fundamentals Pilot Paper Skills module Financial Management Time allowed Reading and planning: Writing: 15 minutes 3 hours ALL FOUR questions are compulsory and MUST be attempted. Do NOT open this paper

More information

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. ECON 4110: Sample Exam Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Economists define risk as A) the difference between the return on common

More information

Valuing the Business

Valuing the Business Valuing the Business 1. Introduction After deciding to buy or sell a business, the subject of "how much" becomes important. Determining the value of a business is one of the most difficult aspects of any

More information

So You Want to Borrow Money to Start a Business?

So You Want to Borrow Money to Start a Business? So You Want to Borrow Money to Start a Business? M any small business owners cannot understand why a lending institution would refuse to lend them money. Others have no trouble getting money, but they

More information

Export Business Plan Guide

Export Business Plan Guide Export Business Plan Guide Table of Contents Introduction... 4 SECTION 01: CURRENT SITUATION ANALYSIS... 5 Company Overview... 5 Availability of Resources... 6 SWOT Analysis... 9 SECTION 02: MARKET ANALYSIS...

More information

Business Studies - Financial Planning and Management Study Notes. Financial Planning and Management Study Notes:

Business Studies - Financial Planning and Management Study Notes. Financial Planning and Management Study Notes: Business Studies - Financial Planning and Management Study Notes Financial Planning and Management Study Notes: The Role of Financial Planning: The strategic role of financial management: Organisational

More information

Indian Accounting Standard (Ind AS) 7 Statement of Cash Flows

Indian Accounting Standard (Ind AS) 7 Statement of Cash Flows Contents Indian Accounting Standard (Ind AS) 7 Statement of Cash Flows Paragraphs OBJECTIVE SCOPE 1 3 BENEFITS OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION 4 5 DEFINITIONS 6 9 Cash and cash equivalents 7 9 PRESENTATION OF

More information

Answers to Concepts in Review

Answers to Concepts in Review Answers to Concepts in Review 1. (a) In the money market, short-term securities such as CDs, T-bills, and banker s acceptances are traded. Long-term securities such as stocks and bonds are traded in the

More information

Income Measurement and Profitability Analysis

Income Measurement and Profitability Analysis PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS The following financial statements for Spencer Company will be used to demonstrate the calculation of the various ratios in profitability analysis. Spencer Company Comparative Balance

More information

In this chapter, we build on the basic knowledge of how businesses

In this chapter, we build on the basic knowledge of how businesses 03-Seidman.qxd 5/15/04 11:52 AM Page 41 3 An Introduction to Business Financial Statements In this chapter, we build on the basic knowledge of how businesses are financed by looking at how firms organize

More information

Chapter Review Problems

Chapter Review Problems Chapter Review Problems Unit 17.1 Income statements 1. When revenues exceed expenses, is the result (a) net income or (b) net loss? (a) net income 2. Do income statements reflect profits of a business

More information

Accounting 201 Comprehensive Practice Exam 2C Page 1

Accounting 201 Comprehensive Practice Exam 2C Page 1 Accounting 201 Comprehensive Practice Exam 2C Page 1 1. A business organized as a corporation a. is not a separate legal entity in most states. b. requires that stockholders be personally liable for the

More information

Unit 6 Receivables. Receivables - Claims resulting from credit sales to customers and others goods or services for money,.

Unit 6 Receivables. Receivables - Claims resulting from credit sales to customers and others goods or services for money,. Unit 6 Receivables 7-1 Receivables - Claims resulting from credit sales to customers and others goods or services for money,. Oral promises of the purchaser to pay for goods and services sold (credit sale;

More information

Consolidated Balance Sheets March 31, 2001 and 2000

Consolidated Balance Sheets March 31, 2001 and 2000 Financial Statements SEIKAGAKU CORPORATION AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Balance Sheets March 31, 2001 and 2000 Assets Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents... Short-term investments (Note

More information

How to Assess Your Financial Planning and Loan Proposals By BizMove Management Training Institute

How to Assess Your Financial Planning and Loan Proposals By BizMove Management Training Institute How to Assess Your Financial Planning and Loan Proposals By BizMove Management Training Institute Other free books by BizMove that may interest you: Free starting a business books Free management skills

More information

Apple Capital Group, Inc.

Apple Capital Group, Inc. COMMERCIAL FINANCE Commercial finance typical revolves around what are considered the assets of your business and are often called "asset based loans". The assets of your business are things such as your

More information

RISK ASSESSMENT FOR SMALL BUSINESS. Terry S. Campbell, Community Development Officer Department of Development & Technology

RISK ASSESSMENT FOR SMALL BUSINESS. Terry S. Campbell, Community Development Officer Department of Development & Technology RISK ASSESSMENT FOR SMALL BUSINESS Terry S. Campbell, Community Development Officer Department of Development & Technology Date: March 25, 2004 1 Counseling Tool Outline - Cover Page - Outline - Introduction

More information

Jackson Masonry loan relationship: A case in commercial bank lending

Jackson Masonry loan relationship: A case in commercial bank lending Jackson Masonry loan relationship: A case in commercial bank lending Steve A. Nenninger Sam Houston State University James B. Bexley Sam Houston State University ABSTRACT This case describes a series of

More information

Flashcards for Chapter 6 Introduction to Working Capital Management [ ]

Flashcards for Chapter 6 Introduction to Working Capital Management [ ] Flashcards for Chapter 6 Introduction to Working Capital Management [ ] [Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract

More information