Facilities co-located at NMRF, Gadanki ( I 3.5 N, 79.2 E)

Transcription

1 ndan Jurnal f Rad & Space Physcs Vl 9, Augus 000, pp Facles clcaed a NMRF, Gadank ( N, 79 E) A R Jan Nanal MST Radar Facly, Ps B x 1, Trupa 170 ndan MST Radar has prved be a very valuable l fr he sudes f lwer and mddle amsphere T srenghen hese sudes and fll up he gap n he lwer amspherc regn (belw abu km) and he upper sraspherc regn (e 0 km), several new facles have been clcaed a Gadank (\ N 79 E) wh ndan MST radar Objecve f hs paper s gve a bref descrpn f hese facles s ha scenss makng use f ndan MST radar can als make use f hese clcaed facles fr her sudes 1 nrducn The ndan MST radar s an saefhear MST radar beng peraed by Nanal MST Radar Facly (NMRF) n regular bass Table 1 gves majr specfcans f hs sysem Ths sysem has been descrbed n deal by Jan e a 1 and Ra e a, Recenly, several new fac l es have been prvded a NMRF be clcaed wh ndan MST radar Ths has helped srenghen meerlgcal, lwer amspherc and mddle amspherc sudes a NMRF Mrever, addn f hese facles has made NMRF a unque cenre f amspherc research n nda These fac les nclude he fl lwng () () () (v) (v) Lwer amspherc wnd prf ler (LAWP) RayleghlMe ldar (dar) Osdrmeer RO69 (dsdrmeer) Opcal ran gauge (ORG) Aumac weaher san (AWS) The LAWP, ldar, dsdrmeer and ORG have been nsalled a NMRF under ndjapanese cll abran prgramme beween NMRF and MOPT/CRL, Japan All hese sysems are nw peranal The ndan MST radar, LAWP, dsdrmeer, ORG and AWS prvde a unque se f bservans fr meerlgcal and precpan relaed sudes such as drpsze d srbun (OSO) and relanshp beween ranfall rae (R) and he radar reflecvy facr (Z) fr cnvec ve and srafrm ype f precpan The bjecve f hs paper s gve a bref descrpn f hese fac l es Table Man specfcans f he ndan MST radar Parameer Lcan Frequency Average pwer aperure prduc Peak pwer Maxmum duy ra N umber f Yag anennas Beam wdh N umber f beams fr aumac scan Pulse wdh Pulse repen frequency Maxmum number f range bns Number f cheren negrans Maxmum number f FFT pns Radar cnrller Specfcans Gadank (, N, 7918 E) MHz 7x l08w m S MW S% 10 7* 16 and ls cded and 1 ls uncded (n bnary seps) 6 S Hz8 khz (n bnary seps) 6 S (n bnary seps) S PCAT feaurng prgrammable expermen specfcans fle b super mn wh Cmpuer sysem vecr accelerar (MasscmpMCS600) Ne *Zenh n X and Y plarzans, ± O ffzenh n EW and NS plane, and 18 N lkng ransverse B feld Ths capab ly has nw been enhanced 1 8 beams whch can be chsen frm avalable 8 beams

2 1 7 JAN FACLTES COLOCATED AT N M RF, GADAN K Bref descrpn f clcaed facles and sample bservans 1 Lwer amspherc wnd prfler (LAWP) The ndan MST radar array s f he sze f 1 0 mx 1 0 m wh near feld zne exendng km The LA WP sysem flls he gap n he lwer hegh regn Fgure shws he LAWP wnd measuremen ver ne durnal cycle The LAWP s als an effecve l fr he sudes n bundary layer f he earh' s amsphere whch falls n he near feld zne f he MST radar The LAWP peraes a 1 7 MHz n UHF range (Table ) s, herefre, very sensve precpan and can hus be frufully ulzed fr precpan relaed sudes The LAWP specrum f he eches, arsng due scaerng frm ran drps, can be used ban ran drpsze d srbun (OSO) a dfferen hegh levels The DSD nfrman can, n um, be used knw mre abu he ran frman and als abu he relanshp beween ranfall rae (R) and radar reflecvy facr () fr varus ype f precpan Ldar sysem The ldar sysem als ncely cmplemens he MST radar The majr specfcans f he NMRF CRLMOPT dar sysem are gven n Table Th s ldar sysem can b e used n M e a s wel l as Raylegh mde The ldar ransmer emplys a PL800 mdel Nd YAG pulsed laser whch s a sld sae class f laser surce Ths sysem makes use f nm wh a maxmum energy f 00 m J per pulse The recever subsysem emplys w ndependen recevers One f he mrrrs s f 7 cm dameer and can be used fr recevng weak Raylegh scaerng frm ar mlecules frm sraspherc, messpherc heghs (080 km) Oher mrrr s f cm dameer and can be used receve Mescaer sgnal frm aersls and clud parcles n he lwer hegh range (0 km) The Raylegh recever emplys w Table Specfcans fr LAWP Frequency Peak pwer 1 7 MHz kw Pulse wdh 0,, ls PP 0999 ls Anenna 8 m x 8 m phased array Beam cnrl Elecrcal seerng, drecns Rx gan 1 0 db Hegh cverage 1 00 m km Hegh reslun 0, SO, 00 m N f range gaes 1 6 Cheren negran ncheren negran N f FFT pns \, 18, Fg Durnal varans f hrznal wnd vecrs bserved ver Gadank n 1 Sep E 10mls

3 1 7 NDAN J RADO & SPACE PHYS, AUGUST 000 ndependen channels fr cverng he enre hegh range f upper srasphere and messphere regn (080 an) The Me recever receves sgnal frm 0 km and emplys w dfferen channels wh c and crssplarzan recevng capably, whch s unque fr hs facly ndependen upus frm w recevers are amplfed and dscrmnaed A PC based phn cunng sysem havng channels npus wh a real me perang sfware cllecs he daa frm Raylegh and Me recever Mre deals f hs sysem are gven by Bhavan Kumar e a1 Fgure shws ypcal average emperaure prfle wh errr bars Fgure s a ypcal upu frm Me recever shwng ech arsng frm crrus clud Table Specfcans f CRLNMRF l dar Laser (PL800, Cnnum, USA) Maeral Wavelenghs Oupu pwer/pulse Repen rae Pulse duran Beam dvergence Nd YAG nm 0 mj 0 Hz 68 ns 0 1 mrad wh l OX beam expander Recever pcs Type Dameer Feld f vew nerference feld bandwdh Fler cener " Maxmum ransmssn Ph mulpler Telescpe Newnan (Shnwa, Japan) 7 cm mrad nm Telescpe SchmdCassegran (Celesrn, USA) cm mrad nm nm 0% nm 0% Dsdrmeer RD69 The dsdrmeer RD69 s an deal l fr precpan measuremens such as drpsze dsrbun, ranfall rae (R), ran accumulan and radar reflecvy facr Z Ths dsdrmeer measures he sze d srbun f ran drps fal lng n he sensve surface f he ransducer The range f drp dameers ha can be measured spans frm 0 mm mm wh an accuracy f % The dsdrmeer can Phn cunng mde (Hamamasu C0) Daa acqusn un PC based mulchannel scaler (EG & G Type MCS Plus) Alude 00 m reslun negran 0 s (000 recrds) LDAR f 80 70, _ 60 ;;?"",, + _ ' ' ' ' 1 7, r l _ r +, 0 7 TEMPERATURE, MODEL TEMP 1 USRO1976 " _ 0 j T RANGE 0< 0 NDA 00 K FgTypcal emperaure hegh prfle measuremen usng Raylegh ldar

4 1 7 l A N F A C L T E S COLOCATED AT N M R F, G A D A N K OK OS 98 1= (a ) < " Q Z \ " < u V) 0 0 ; N A LTlTUDE km (b) Sep r,l 1\, J TME, mn FgTypcal example f me var an f radar reflecvy facr 'dbz' bserved, durng a precpan even usng dsdrmeer RD69 a N M R F _"' r "'; _ 10 0 ALTTUDE km FgHegh prlles scaerng ra n he (a) presence f c rrus cluds and (b) whu crrus cluds usng NMRF/MOPTCRL l dar sysem n M e mde help n prec pan sudes, such as RZ relanshp fr d fferen ype f precpan (cnvec ve/sra frm) sysem and can als be used fr grund val dan f TRM MPR daa Fgure shws he me varan f radar reflec vy Z fr a precpan evens Table g ves he man specfcans f he d sdrmeer RO 69 perang a NMRF and used ban hgh reslun bservans f drpsze d sr bun (OSO) Opcal ran gauge (ORG) The p cal ran gauge (ORG) s a sensve nsrumen fr measurng he prec p an Prec p an s measured by deecng he p cal scnl lan nduced by drps fal lng hrugh an nfrared p cal beam By deecng he nensy f he sc nl lans, whch are characerscs f he Table M an spec lcans f h e d sdrmeer RD69 0Smm Range f drp d ameer Samplng area SO c m Accuracy ± S% N f drp sze classes 0* Tme reslun mn Parameers avalable Ranfall rae R Lqud waer cnen W (mm /m ) (mmlh) f Z (mm /m) Radar reflecvy facr Drpsze dsrbun parameers mm, m, and Ek (N/m ) N" K nec energy 1\ mm' l Nwlal Tal number f drps, Ne *T reduce he amun f daa and ge sa scal l y meanngful samples, h e 1 7 drp s z e channels f ADA 90 are cmbned n 0 drpsze classes dsrbued expnen ally ver avalable range f drp d ameers precp an, he acual ranfall rae can be deermned whch, n urn, can be used ban ran accu mu lan Th s nsrumen prvdes ram measuremen wh an accuracy f % and ran reslun f 00 mm Aumac weaher san (A WS) The aumac weaher san (AWS) nsalled a NMRF s a sandard meerlgcal nsrumen wh sensrs fr measurng amspherc parameers such as emperaure, pressure, humdy, w nd speed, wnd drecf) and ranfall rae a he grund level Measuremens are aken every mn and are hen

5 NDAN J RADO & SPACE PHYS AUG UST DEC DEC E 0 E_ 6 e E Z 0 0 E= 1 < ' 1O O rrrrrrrp TME hrs LT TME, hrs LT FgRan rae and ran accumulan as baned usng ran gauge (TPRG) f aumac weaher san (AWS) a NMRF recrded n usng a daa lgger Fgure gves he ranfall rae and accumulaed ran fr ne precpan even as measured by ppng bucke ran gauge (TPRG) f AWS Dscussn The facles a NMRF, clcaed wh MST radar are cmplemenary each her and, herefre, hese facles wuld srenghen he lwer and mddle amspherc sudes a NMRF als prvdes a unque ppruny make precpan relaed sudes such as ran drpsze dsrbun a varus hegh levels Daa frm NMRF can prvde grund valdan suppr fr rpcal ranfall measurng mssnprecpan radar (TRMMPR) daa Acknwledgemens The LA WP, ldar and dsdrmeer are se up a NMRF under a j n cllabrave prgramme beween MOPT/CRL, Japan and NMRF The ORG s se up under smlar cllabrave prgramme beween NASDNCRL, Japan and NMRF The NMRF s peraed by Deparmen f Space (DOS), Gvernmen f nda, wh paral fundng suppr frm he Cuncl f Scenfc and ndusral Research (CSR), New Delh References Jan A R Jaya Ra Y Ra P B Vswanahan G Damle S H Balamuraldhar P & Kulkarn A J Ams & Terr Phys ( UK) 6 ( 1 99) Ra P B Jan A R Vswanahan G & Damle S H ndan J Rad & Space Phys ( 1 99) Ra P B Jan A R Kshre p Balamuraldhar p Damle S H & Vswanahan G Rad Sc (USA) 0 ( 1 99) 1 1 Krshna Reddy K, Kzu T Suman B Anandan V K, Jan A R & Ra P B A sudy n wnd clmalgy ver Gadank nda usng a Lwer amspherc wnd prfler (LA WP) n Prceedngs f GARSS 9 9 Sympsum 8 June0 July 1 999, Hamburg Germany, Bhavan Kumar Y Raghunah K, Sva Kumar V Ra P B & Jan A R ndjapanese ldar Par ; Sysem Descrpn and Daa Prcessng Presened a he h User Scenss ' Wrkshp n MST Radar ResuLs 6 Aprl NMRF Gadank