July Why IP Peering? IP Based Voice Peering versus Traditional Calling Models

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1 July 2013 Why IP Peering? IP Based Voice Peering versus Traditional Calling Models

2 The IP Evolution Mobile Mobile Fixed Enterprise Carriers Carrier, providing IP Interconnect Services Voice, Messaging, Signaling, and Rich Content Proprietary & Confidential 2

3 Internet Structure The Internet is an interconnection of ~30,000 (semi-)autonomous service providers There is no central coordination for the management of interconnections, services, and tariffs Internet peering ecosystem includes Many policies / many services / one Internet Unordered subset of interconnects Driven by business requirements underpinned by performance Non-disclosure and bi-lateral agreements Peering is now considered a corporate asset and legal concern Traditional Assumption Regional Regional National National Transit Regional Transit Regional National Reality National Transit Regional Transit Regional National National Regional Regional Proprietary & Confidential 3

4 Traditional IP Transit Model Transit is the business relationship where one provides reachability to all destinations in its routing table to its customers Transit provides connectivity to a superset of all destinations A Peers Transit B D A Can Reach All Destinations via Transit Provider D Peers C Proprietary & Confidential 4

5 IP Peering Model Peering is the business relationship where s provide to each other reach-ability to each predefined portions of their routing table Peering provides connectivity to a subset of a provider s customer destinations Access to B Prefixes Only A Peers Transit B D Peers C Proprietary & Confidential 5

6 Traditional Peering Model Tier 1 Tier 1 Tier 2 Tier 2 Enterprise Content Enterprise Tier 1 providers have access to the entire Internet (region) routing table solely through peering relationships Tier 2 providers must buy some transit from tier 1 providers Content providers buy transit (primarily from tier 1) to provide content Proprietary & Confidential 6

7 Internet Peering Evolution Tier 1 Tier 1 CDN Tier 2 Tier 2 IOC / RLEC content provider Enterprise Tier 1 providers have access to the entire Internet (region) routing table solely through peering relationships Tier 2 providers must buy some transit from tier 1 providers Content providers peer with access networks providing content directly onto the broadband networks Proprietary & Confidential 7

8 Why IP Peering versus Transit For the : Commonly estimated, 10-20% of traffic can be peered away Even under congestion, capacity can be upgraded and managed more effectively Common to Both: Reduce transit service costs Upgrades require less planning and costs Greater control over routing and traffic load balancing For Content Providers: Improve application performance, reduction in latency Improvement in throughput CDNs as content providers Peering at NAPs or with s improves burstability Backup for on-net servers Marketing - CDNs tout the number of interconnections they have to their customers Proprietary & Confidential 8

9 Internet Peering Interconnection Public/Shared Peering #1 #4 #2 #5 #3 #6 Switched Ethernet Private Peering #1 #2 Ethernet Peering between equivalent sizes of service providers (e.g. tier 2 to tier 2) Shared cost private interconnection, equal traffic flows No cost peering Peering across exchange points If convenient, of mutual benefit, technically feasible Fee based peering unequal traffic flows, market position Proprietary & Confidential 9

10 What about Voice? Real-time Services Voice Video Voice Signaling: Pre-IMS (2G/3G TDM Networks) SIP-I (SIP with ISUP encapsulation) as well as SIP BICC (ISUP for packet bearer) Post-IMS and 4G/LTE Access & Core B2BUA model on passing through 3GPP SIP headers Services: ENUM lookup for routing of TDM to SIP calls Number Portability Optimal Routing Bearer Transcoder Free Operation (TrFO) for voice Transcoding for voice Narrowband codecs, broadband codecs, fixed codecs, mobile codecs Transcoding for video Networking: IPv6 H.264, H.263, MPEG Transizing, transrating IPv4 to IPv6 interworking Security IP address origin use ACL Proprietary & Confidential 10

11 Any-to-Any Signaling & Media Types Video Mobile Voice Fixed Telephony Multimedia Interworking: Video, Mobile Voice, and/or Telephony Proprietary & Confidential 11

12 Applications Enabled SIP Trunking (SIP-SIP) VoIP Enablement of Existing TDM Equipment (TDM-SIP) Legacy Connectivity for the IP-PBX (SIP-TDM) Connecting Legacy Equipment to an IP-PBX Proprietary & Confidential 12

13 Disparate Technology Islands THE REST OF THE WORLD S TDM NETWORK Customer s IP Network Carrier IP Network THE REST OF THE WORLD S IP NETWORK Carrier TDM Network Customer s TDM Network Proprietary & Confidential 13

14 Networking Federations Leveraging IP Peering Proprietary & Confidential 14

15 Inter-Networking IP Peering to drive new Services Proprietary & Confidential 15

16 Enterprise SIP Trunking Peering to Enable Connectionless Environment Proprietary & Confidential 16

17 SIP Interop Challenges SIP (RFC3261) and Interoperability challenges Largest RFC Not a super tight spec: Should: 344 times Can: 475 times May 381 times Option: 144 times Lots of room for interpretation SIP Endpoints end up with slight differences that make it hard to interconnect End point could use different codecs Proprietary & Confidential 17