Integrated System Modeling for Handling Big Data in Electric Utility Systems

Transcription

1 Integrated System Modeling for Handling Big Data in Electric Utility Systems Stephanie Hamilton Brookhaven National Laboratory Robert Broadwater EDD 1

2 Finding Good Solutions for the Hard Problems Physical System Model Big Data Big Model Big Analysis

3 Questions How can we determine if investments in smart grid were (are) worthwhile? Why are we just storing all of this data? How can we determine the effects of renewable generation at the distribution level on the transmission system? How can we find bad model data and failed measurement devices? How can we move from a manually operated system to an automatically operated system, a self-healing system? How can we better manage power restoration for major storms?

4 Model-Centric Smart Grid Terabyte sized data sets are being generated by the smart grid A few utilities are using a new approach to the analysis of smart grid - model-centric smart grid The model-centric approach employs a holistic, construction detail, model of the physical system Integrated System Model (ISM) All measurement data, including weather data, is related to the ISM Changes paradigm of pushing data to algorithms to pushing algorithms to data

5 Model-Centric Smart Grid Equation Reliability, Efficiency, Capacity, Protection, Controllability Performance Analysis + Economic Analysis + Lab Testing + Field Validation = Model-Centric Smart Grid

6 ilo ed Organizations with Many, Disjoint Models Suppose data sets contain terabytes? 6

7 Model-Based Decisions Our ability to solve a problem depends upon the model we have to solve the problem Problem Domain Model Solution Domain Can make it easy or difficult to find a good solution to the problem Point solutions or scenario based solutions 7

8 Measurements, Models, Algorithms, Information Measurements Physical Model Algorithms Only way to achieve certain Components, Topology, System constraints Understanding, Knowledge, Information

9 Matrix Analysis with Edge- Node Graph Global View N o d e s Edges Transform Computer Processing Graph Trace Analysis with Edge-Edge Graph Topology Iterators Local View Edge knows neighbors Topology continuously maintained Algorithms with topology iterators 9

10 Generic Programming Roots for GTA Algorithms that process objects in container, independent of object type Container with Iterators CS Algorithms Generic Programming Algorithms that process edges or components of graph ISM with Topology Iterators Engineering Algorithms Graph Trace Analysis Generic analysis independent of system type - electric, gas, fluid, etc. 10

11 The Best Equivalent Is No Equivalent Every model simplification leads to elimination of scenarios 11

12 Integrated System Model Merge different construction models together, relating all measurements Aha understanding Model for holistic solutions, not point or scenario based solutions

13 I M Living Model Organization Eyes of all experts on the same model Moves modeling from age of modeling craftsman to manufactured models used by many Push algorithms to data 13

14 Analysis Collaboration to Build Intelligence Security Analysis Protection / Coordination Reliability Analysis Contingency Analysis Restoration Analysis Fault Analysis Power Flow Model Validation Load Estimation SCADA Measurements Load Research Statistics 14

15 Commonly Used Analysis Architecture Core Models SCADA Data Point Solution App 1 Creation of simplified models App 1 Model Topology Management Interfaces? Customer Load Data Pushing measurement data App 2 App 2 Model 15

16 ISM Analysis Architecture Mass Storage Memory App 1 ISM edge-edge topology Customer Loads SCADA Measurements Weather Measurements ISM App 2 Topology iterators, sharing of results, measurements Interface provided by ISM to applications 16

17 ISM Model Management for Distributed Computation Environment Client: Fault Location ISM Model Server Supports distributed computations Model Queue Client: Reconfiguration Analysis Processes 17

18 Wrap Up One model of the entire physical plant that is reused provides Foundation for solving hard problems Organizational efficiencies and analysis collaborations Automated analysis All measurements are related to ISM Building ISM requires significant effort to correct mistakes in existing model data and measurements Living Model Graph Trace Analysis is a new approach to topology management and analysis that can be used for algorithms that run on the ISM 18