Datos Nucleares en el OIEA. Dr Daniel Abriola GIyA Tandar

Transcription

1 Datos Nucleares en el OIEA Dr Daniel Abriola GIyA Tandar

2 United Nations, IAEA, Dep. Nucl.Sci. and Appl. Rol de la NDS Bases de Datos Nucleares NSR EXFOR ENSDF Nuclear Data para usos medicos PIGE Beta-delayed neutron emission evaluation Coordinacion de Redes Internacionales CRP s Workshops, Dissemination, new tools Conclusiones Daniel Abriola TANDAR

3 Daniel Abriola TANDAR

5 UN Secretariat: Staff Daniel Abriola TANDAR

6 IAEA Secretariat: 2300 Staff Daniel Abriola TANDAR

9 NAPC: Physics and Nuclear Data Sections Physics Section Research Reactors Accelerators Instrumentation Fusion MP1: Nuclear Science Nuclear Data Section Nuclear Data Atomic and Molecular Data Daniel Abriola TANDAR

18 United Nations, IAEA, Dep. Nucl.Sci. and Appl. Rol de la NDS Bases de Datos Nucleares NSR EXFOR ENSDF Coordinacion de Redes Internacionales CRP s Nuclear Data para usos medicos PIGE Beta-delayed neutron emission evaluation Workshops, Dissemination, new tools Conclusions Daniel Abriola TANDAR

19 Nuclear Technology Essential in the modern world Fission power plants Medical applications Analytical techniques Future energy production Fusion To apply these safely and efficiently need to have accurate and well tested values for many physical quantities

20 Fission Power Plants

21 Medical - diagnosis The left hand of Mrs Röntgen (1895) Modern pelvic X-ray examination using digital techniques

22 Medical - diagnosis

23 Medical - therapy

24 Analytical techniques

25 Analytical techniques Ion beam Emitted particles, gamma rays

26 Analytical techniques PIXE Particle induced Xray emission

27 Analytical techniques Dust evolution studies IBA of dust in ice core

28 Fusion

29 Fusion Plasma Person

30 Nuclear Data Nuclear Data is a separate field of study from Nuclear Physics Not research Aim is produce complete, accurate, tested and reliable databases suitable for a range of applications Thus Nuclear Data forms the basis for many other studies

31 Perceptions Most non-nuclear Data specialists assume that the data exists and are adequate in the same way as a telephone directory exists Data are free Available for all applications particularly new ones If data exist for fission studies then they should also be available for fusion!

32 Reality Data are not free Require extension and improvement as new applications arise Since measurement usually made relative to a standard, as these improve then original data need to be recalculated Rather few experts International collaboration essential Core role for a body such as IAEA

33 Three Units 17 staff

34 IAEA Nuclear Data Section Role Provision of atomic and nuclear data services to scientists worldwide (data libraries, bibliographies, documents) through the internet, CD and other media Coordination of three international atomic and nuclear data networks Production of new databases through Coordinated Research Projects (CRPs) and Data Development projects Assist developing countries through technology transfer activities

35 IAEA Nuclear Data Section The development and maintenance of nuclear technologies rely on the availability of atomic, molecular and nuclear data Essential data include: Energy-dependent reaction probabilities (cross sections) Energy and angular distributions of reaction products Atomic and nuclear properties of excited states Nuclear Structure-Radioactive decay data

36 IAEA Nuclear Data Section La NDS cumple su rol mediante: Reuniones Tecnicas con expertos(consultant Meeting o Technical Meeting) Contratos o Acuerdos con expertos Viaje de personal para trabajo tecnico, o de capacitacion Trabajo tecnico del personal

37 Publicaciones

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39 United Nations, IAEA, Dep. Nucl.Sci. and Appl. Rol de la NDS Bases de Datos Nucleares NSR EXFOR ENSDF Nuclear Data para usos medicos PIGE Beta-delayed neutron emission evaluation Coordinacion de Redes Internacionales CRPs Workshops, Dissemination, new tools Conclusions Daniel Abriola TANDAR

41 Nuclear Data: Libraries Bibliographic : NSR, Experimental : EXFOR, CINDA, XUNDL Evaluated : ENDF/B, JENDL, JEF, BROND, (reactions) ENSDF (nuclear structure) FENDL (nuclear data for fusion applications) Others : RIPL IRDF IBANDL NACRE (nuclear model parameters) (reactor dosimetry file) (ion beam analysis) (nuclear astrophysics)

42 Nuclear Data for Fast Reactor Systems Nuclear Data: Libraries Applications : ADS-lib, FENDL-2.1 : Medical radioisotope production (charged-particles reactions) : Prompt Gamma-ray Activation Analysis (PGAA) : Photonuclear : Thermal neutron capture gamma-ray

47 Compilation

48 Visualisation EXFOR data compared to evaluated data

51 Formato es human readable. La NDS ha trabajado en otros formatos de OUTPUT: itree y XML

56 Evaluated Databases Experiments How do we know the values of a cross section? Measurements are made at particular energies Note that we actually measure a quantity like counts and then infer the cross section Measurements are not exact

57 Data Gap Uncertainty

58 Data Theory

59 Evaluations If the same theory is used for all reactions on the target and fits made to all data Theory gives a complete description of all reactions Put in standard format (ENDF) Gives a first evaluation Test under wide range of conditions Iterate

60 Data library Consistent theoretical parameters Evaluations for range of nuclides Experimental data Data library [Standard format] Processed data suitable for applications

61 Para reacciones inducidas por neutrones-> evaluacion: ENDF/B-VII.1

62 ENSDF Database of evaluated data for properties of nuclides (structure and decay) Results published in printed form Interactive computer programme valuable IAEA has developed LiveChart

63 ENSDF A=239 D.ABRIOLA Kolkata Nov. 2012

65 Interactive tool to examine ENSDF: LiveChart

66 NDS Web page

67 Livechart nuclide data on mouse-over single selection zooming and moving parents daughters chain (white - red) Data sources: ENSDF + Radlist, AMDC 2012, Angeli, Stone

68 LiveChart: M.Verpeli & A.Vasaros

69 Query tool Angeli and Audi data decay radiation end level details plotting bands

70 Output example : Filter all nuclides with superdeformed bands Tab-panel with details for each nuclide Visual map of filtered nuclides Bands plotting

71 Plot example: mass number versus mixing of E2 mixed gamma transactions from a level J 2` to a level J 2 in even-even nuclides use log on Y axis even - even starting level J 2 end level J 2 E2 mixed plot

72 Plot mass number versus mixing of E2 mixed gamma transactions from a level J 2` to a level J 2 in even-even nuclides use log on Y axis

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74 United Nations, IAEA, Dep. Nucl.Sci. and Appl. Rol de la NDS Bases de Datos Nucleares NSR EXFOR ENSDF Coordinacion de Redes Internacionales CRP s Nuclear Data para usos medicos PIGE Beta-delayed neutron emission evaluation Workshops, Dissemination, new tools Conclusions Daniel Abriola TANDAR

75 Network coordination A&M NRDC NSDD

76 A & M Networks

77 NRDC International Network of Nuclear Reaction Data Centres (NRDC) Original aim: Collect fission relevant experimental data Present aim: All types of data, expand energy range Core data centres: NNDC NEA-DB IAEA-NDS CJD

78 NRDC (cont.) 10 specialized centres Annual coordination meeting since 1966 Maintain: EXFOR (CSISRS) CINDA Last meeting (full, with Data Centre Heads) April 2012 in Paris, France Recommendations on: Scope of compilation Format changes Documentation Software Training workshops

79 Web page Links Meetings

80 NSDD International Network of Nuclear Structure and Decay Data Evaluators (NSDD) Aim: Provide up-to-date evaluated nuclear structure and decay data Regular meetings since 1974 Network is undermanned But with IAEA 6 new mass-chain evaluators are being trained ~ 16 evaluation centres

81 NSDD (cont.) ENSDF master database at NNDC Other evaluations (horizontal): Atomic masses Nuclear magnetic and electric moments Electric monopole strengths Capture γ-rays XUNDL contains preliminary data NSR Bibliographic database Last meeting January 2013 in Kuwait

82 Web page

84 United Nations, IAEA, Dep. Nucl.Sci. and Appl. Rol de la NDS Bases de Datos Nucleares NSR EXFOR ENSDF Nuclear Data para usos medicos PIGE Beta-delayed neutron emission evaluation Coordinacion de Redes Internacionales CRP s Workshops, Dissemination, new tools Conclusions Daniel Abriola TANDAR

85 Nuclear Data Projects Status, March 2013 Coordinated Research Projects 8 completed 6 active 2 planned Data Development Projects 8 active

86 Completed CRPs Table 3. Status of Coordinated Research Projects Dedicated to Nuclear Data No. Short title Duration Participants (contracts) Project Officer Status Completed (2010) IAEA STI/PUB/1435 and webpage Completed (2009) Nucl. Data Sheets paper and webpage Completed (2012) IAEA TRS 473 and webpage Completed/ document in preparation Completed/ document undergoing final editing Section 1 Nuclear data for Th-U fuel cycle (6) Trkov Capote 2 RIPL (5) Capote (4) Capote (4) Abriola (4) Kellett (4) Kellett Completed/ document in press (2) Capote Completed/ document in preparation (4) Otsuka Completed/ document in preparation Nuclear data for the production of therapeutic radionuclides Reference database for ion beam analysis Reference database for neutron activation analysis Updated decay data library for actinides Heavy charged-particle interaction data for radiotherapy Minor actinide neutron reaction data (MANREAD)

87 On-going CRPs 9 Nuclear data libraries for advanced systems: fusion devices (FENDL-3) (3) Forrest On-going Prompt fission neutron spectra for actinides (6) Capote On-going (6) Capote On-going (6) Abriola On-going Simakov Capote Starting Abriola Starting Charged-Particle Monitor Reactions and Nuclear 11 Data for Medical Isotope Production Nuclear data for Particle 12 Induced Gamma Ray Emission (PIGE) analysis Validation of the 13 International Dosimetry Library IRDFF 14 Beta-delayed Neutron Emission Evaluation

93 Nuclear data for Particle Induced Gamma Ray Emission (PIGE) analysis ( ) D. Abriola Outputs: CM was held at the IAEA Vienna, Austria, 1-2 March 2010 First RCM was held at the IAEA Vienna, Austria, May nd RCM was held at the IAEA Vienna, Austria,, 8-12 October 2012.

94 Nuclear data for Particle Induced Gamma Ray Emission (PIGE) analysis ( ) D. Abriola Objectives: 1 identify the most important nuclear reactions for PIGE; 2 search the literature and electronic databases and convert relevant nuclear reaction data to the format suitable for use in PIGE simulation programs 3 compare data from different sources and carry out measurements when there are no data available or unresolved discrepancies exist; 4 incorporate all measured data into the database, and make them available to the IBA community.

95 PIGE Participants: Iva Bogadnovich Anastasios Lagoyannis Omidreza Kakuee, Adelaide Pedro de Jesus, Alexander Goncharov, David Strivay, Vladimir Tuboltsev, Hans Werner Becker, Arpad Zoltan Kiss, Massimo Chiari, Alessandro Zucchiatti, Rudjer Boskovic Institute (Zagreb, Croatia) National Center of Scientific Research Demokritos (Athens, Greece) Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (Tehran, Iran) Centro de Fisica Nuclear (Lisboa, Portugal) Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology (Kharkov, Ukraine) Institut de Physique Nucleaire, Universite de Liege (Brussels, Belgium) Physics Department, University of Helsinki (Helsinki, Finland) Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, DTL (Bochum, Germany) ATOMKI (Debrecen, Hungary) Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, INFN (Florence, Italy) Centro de Microanalisis de Materiales (CMAM) (Madrid, Spain)

96 The IBANDL database can hold the new data

100 Beta-delayed neutron emission evaluation Sn< Qβ Precursor Sn Important nuclear structure information Pn : β-strength above Sn t1/2(az+1): sensitive to low-lying β-strength

101 Beta-delayed neutron emission evaluation ( ) D. Abriola Motivation: Beta-delayed neutrons are important for energy production, astrophysics and nuclear theory Most of the data available are from precursors coming from fission fragments New experimental facilities are available which will be able to produce new precursors in the neutron-rich region Last evaluation with theoretical comparisons is from 2002 There is no database that compiles all relevant data

102 Beta-delayed neutron emission evaluation Consultant s meeting A related CM was held at IAEA Vienna, October, 2011, the consultants pointed out the need of a CRP on the topic

103 Beta-delayed neutron emission evaluation CANADA Balraj Singh LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Department of Physics and Astronomy A.N. Bourns Science Building 241 McMaster University SPAIN Daniel Cano Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) GERMANY Iris Dillmann USA Alejandro Sonzogni GSI Darmstadt and Justus-Liebig-Universität Brookhaven National Laboratory National Nuclear Data Center GERMANY Bernd Pfeiffer Daniel Abriola GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung NAPC Nuclear Data Section SPAIN José L. Tain Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular Centro Mixto CSIC-Univ. Valencia Mark A. Kellett NAPC Nuclear Data Section

104 The PARTICIPANTS, reviewed the status of the field, Theory, measurements, compilations and evaluations. Report INDC(NDS)-599

105 β : Z A A ( Z + 1) + e +ν e β-decay is a simple process which is very sensitive to the nuclear wave function τ ± στ Fermi / Gamow-Teller: ± Bi f = Ψ f τ ± ± or σ τ Ψ i 2 (allowed: l=0) transition probability or strength An accurate knowledge of the distribution of the β-decay probability over the daughter-nucleus levels provides information for the understanding of the structure of nuclei In itself the knowledge of these data is of importance for applications, notably in the fields of nuclear technology and astrophysics

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107 log ft 2 p m ax 2 λ= g M if 2π h c F(Z D, p e ) p (Q T e ) d p 2 e e 4 g M m c λ= f ( Z D,Q ) 3 7 2π h ft1 / 2 = ln 2 2 π 3 h e g M m c 4 f=fermi integral 1 2 g M 2

108 Beta-strength Sβ and Beta Intensity Iβ Iβ Experimental Sβ Iβ ( Ex ) Sβ ( Ex ) = [s 1 ] f (Qβ Ex )T 1 / 2

109 Beta-strength Sβ and Beta Intensity Iβ How to estimate Pn?

110 Kratz-Herrmann model Assuming strength function=0 below cut-off value C 0 e-e 13/A1/2 o-mass 26/A1/2 o-o Z. Phys.263 (1973) 435

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112 March 2012 data

115 United Nations, IAEA, Dep. Nucl.Sci. and Appl. Rol de la NDS Bases de Datos Nucleares NSR EXFOR ENSDF Nuclear Data para usos medicos PIGE Beta-delayed neutron emission evaluation Coordinacion de Redes Internacionales CRP s Workshops, Dissemination, new tools Conclusions Daniel Abriola TANDAR

116 Workshops 2010 Nuclear Reaction Data for Advanced Reactor Technologies, ICTP, Trieste, 3 April to 14 May 2010 JOINT ICTPIAEA NDS Workshop Director: R.Capote Objective to provide training and information exchange for nuclear physicists, nuclear engineers, and other users of Nuclear Data for advanced technological applications Topics neutron cross section measurements, data reduction and uncertainty estimation nuclear reaction theory, nuclear models and codes cross section evaluations using non-model and model fits nuclear data libraries, data retrieval and processing reactor calculations with calculated parameter uncertainty strategies for advanced reactor and closed fuel cycle technologies

117 Workshops 2010 Nuclear Reaction Data for Advanced Reactor Technologies Lectures and Computer exercises 34 Students

118 Workshops Nuclear Structure and Decay Data: Theory and Evaluation, ICTP, Trieste, October 2010 HOSTED NDS Workshop Director: D.Abriola Objective To familiarize students with new experimental data that characterize the nucleus modern nuclear models. train participants in methodology of NSDD evaluations production of evaluated nuclear structure and decay data (as ENSDF mass-chain evaluations).

119 Workshops Nuclear Structure and Decay Data: Theory and Evaluation, ICTP, Trieste, October 2010 HOSTED Topics ENSDF evaluation philosophy and analysis programs NSDD network, relevant IAEA activities, access to appropriate web pages and Nuclear Reactions Nuclear models Radioactive Decays Adopted Levels Databases and Web resources Activities Morning lectures Afternoon exercises, 5 groups real evaluation 19 participants

120 Workshops Nuclear Data for science and technology: Analytical Applications, ICTP, Trieste, 8-12 Nov NDS Workshop Directors: D.Abriola, M.A. Kellett Experimental techniques in NAA and IBA (RBS and PIGE). Analysis software availability and use. Nuclear data requirements for analytical science: NAA and IBA. Available nuclear data for IBA analysis the IBANDL database. On-line retrieval of nuclear data. Nuclear data compilation and dissemination. Lectures + exercises, 23 participants

121 Workshops Nuclear Data for science and technology: Analytical Applications, ICTP, Trieste, October 2010 JOINT ICTP-IAEA NDS Workshop Directors: D.Abriola, M.A.Kellett Activities Lectures each morning and computer-based exercises each afternoon. Hands-on introduction of participants to the k0-iaea software for neutron activation analysis, the SIMNRA software for NRA spectral analysis and the online services of the NDS, including EXFOR, ENDF and IBANDL databases. 23 participants

122 Workshops 2011 Monte Carlo radiation transport and associated data needs for medical applications, ICTP, Trieste, October 2011 HOSTED NDS Workshop Director: R.Capote Based on EGSnrc system, National Research Council of Canada for the coupled transport of electrons, photons and positrons. The BEAMnrc code was also covered allowing participants to learn how to model specific linear accelerators and other radiation sources employed in both diagnosis and radiotherapy. IAEA phsp (phase-space) database with EGSnrc/BEAMnrc 110 applications 55 participants

123 Workshops IAEA Workshop on Development of Nuclear Data Libraries, IAEA, 28 November-2 December 2011 Experimental covariance information and EXFOR retrieval. Theory and hands-on training: GANDR system code for nuclear data evaluation. A total of 20 hours of lectures and 22 hours of computer exercises were provided 9 participants

124 Workshops 2012 Nuclear Structure and Decay Data: Theory and Evaluation, ICTP, Trieste, August 2012 Joint IAEA-ICTP Workshop Directors: J.K. Tuli, D.Abriola Topics ENSDF evaluation philosophy and analysis programs NSDD network, relevant IAEA activities, access to appropriate web pages and Nuclear Reactions Nuclear models Radioactive Decays Adopted Levels Databases and Web resources

125 Workshops Nuclear Structure and Decay Data: Theory and Evaluation, ICTP, Trieste, August 2012 Joint IAEA-ICTP Topics Ten lecturers, delivered a two-week course to 24 participants from 16 countries Lectures were presented during mornings while afternoons were dedicated to training sessions with practical evaluation activities: six student groups B. Singh was the main organizer of the Workshop activities: Mass A=211 D.ABRIOLA USNDP, BNL Nov. 2012

126 Workshop on NSDD: theory and evaluation D.ABRIOLA USNDP, BNL Nov. 2012

130 La evaluacion de A=215 ha proseguido con algunos de los alumnos y a sido enviada a NDS para referato y publicacion. Daniel Abriola TANDAR

131 United Nations, IAEA, Dep. Nucl.Sci. and Appl. Rol de la NDS Bases de Datos Nucleares NSR EXFOR ENSDF Nuclear Data para usos medicos PIGE Beta-delayed neutron emission evaluation Coordinacion de Redes Internacionales CRP s Workshops, Dissemination, new tools Conclusiones Daniel Abriola TANDAR

132 Conclusiones IAEA->Gran variedad de datos atómicos y nucleares NSR (Bibliografica) ENSDF (completa para Nucl.Structure & decay) EXFOR (completa para Reacciones con neutrones mejorando para partículas cargadas) Bases específicas IBANDL, Medical, FENDL, IRDF Posibilidad de participar en Workshops y CRPs Herramientas de software para filtrar y visualizar datos Daniel Abriola TANDAR

133 Conclusiones Daniel Abriola TANDAR

134 Muchas Gracias! Daniel Abriola TANDAR

136 Nuclear Data for Fast Reactor Systems Experimental Nuclear Physics Nuclear Theory Nuclear Data Evaluation Evaluated Nuclear Data Files Applications (users) D.Abriola, ICTP FRSystems 2009

137 Nuclear Data for Fast Reactor Systems Example: part of an evaluated data file see: R. Capote, talk at this workshop D.Abriola, ICTP FRSystems 2009

138 Nuclear Data for Fast Reactor Systems Files for a material from report ENDF-102 (ENDF manual) 1 General information 9 Multiplicities for radioactive nuclide production 30 Data Covariances obtained from parameter covariances and sensitivities 2 Resonance parameter data 10 Cross sections for photon production 31 Data covariances for nubar 12 Multiplicities for photon production 32 Data covariances for resonance parameters 4 Angular distributions for emitted particles 13 Cross sections for photon production 33 Data covariances for reaction cross sections 5 Energy distributions for emitted particles 14 Angular distributions for photon production 34 Data covariances for angular distributions 6 Energy-angle distributions for emitted particles 15 Energy distributions for photon production 35 Data covariances for energy distributions 7 Thermal neutron scattering law data 23 Photo-atomic interaction cross sections 39 Data covariances for radionuclide production yields 8 Radioactivity and fission-product yield data 27 Atomic form factors or scattering functions for photoatomic interactions 40 Data covariances for radionuclide production cross sections 3 Reaction cross sections D.Abriola, ICTP FRSystems 2009

139 Dissemination statistics On-line services Leaders of downloads: EXFOR 22% ENDF 20% LiveChart/NuDat 18% 82% Docs 14 % IBANDL 6% Dissemination Geography: Developing Count. 28% West Europe - 28% US + Canada - 20% 78% former USSR - 12% Observed time tendency: overall growth - 25%/a last 2 years most intensive - Docs & LiveChart Off-line services: 1588 CD-ROMs (from DVDs ) 239 hardcopy documents NDS Newsletter hard copies drop after change to on-line distribution 29th INDC Meeting, 8-11 May