YOUTH VIOLENCE: WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW

Transcription

1 YOUTH VIOLENCE: WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW Report of the Subcommittee on Youth Violence of the Advisory Committee to the Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences Directorate, National Science Foundation February 1 and 2,

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3 YOUTH VIOLENCE: WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW 1 INTRODUCTION

4 YOUTH VIOLENCE AND EXPOSURE TO MEDIA VIOLENCE - 2 caused - At-risk Individuals - - Fantasy-reality Distinctions and Transfer to Real-life Settings - - -

5 Group Processes - Environmental Factors Biological Factors - - SOCIAL REJECTION AND PEER HIERARCHIES - - rampage shooters poor urban youth, 3

6 - - 4

7 COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY FAMILY INFLUENCES ON VIOLENT BEHAVIOR

8 6 - - DATA MINING FOR PREDICTION AND INTERDICTION OF SHOOTINGS - - -

9 GUN POLICY AND YOUTH - - 7

10 - - CONCLUSION - - 8

11 APPENDIX A: SUMMARIES FROM SUBCOMMITTEE PARTICIPANTS Table of Contents Adolescent Pecking Orders, Failed Joiners and the Logic of Signaling Behavior Among Rampage Shoot Shooters, Media Violence and Youth Violence Rejection and Lethal Violence,, A Brief Look at Sociological Perspectives on Peer Hierarchies, Organizational Conditions in Schools, and Youth Some Key Facts About Criminal Violence Pertinent to the Relation of Self-Control to Violence Family Roles in Youth Violence, Understanding Factors of Youth Violence Through the Study of Cyberbullying, Data Mining for Prediction of Youth Violence: Methods, Challenges, Open Questions, Patterns of Access to Guns Among Adolescents/Young Adults, Recent Advances in Interdiction, Public Opinion Toward Assault Weapons, An Evolutionary Perspective on Youth Violence, 9

12 Adolescent Pecking Orders, Failed Joiners and the Logic of Signaling Behavior Among Rampage Shoot Shooters are What We Need to Know 10

13 The role of social media in signaling behavior institutional trust. intersection between adolescents and adults The relationship between institutional structure and the detection of deviant behavior Perceptions of masculinity 11

14 Media Violence and Youth Violence 1 M 12 scripts

15 11 cooperative condition competitive condition control condition 13

16 14 arousal theory social cognitive theory schema theory psychoanalytic theory The Evidence Stereotype formation Motivational incentives.

17 Behavioral outcomes. Link between Media Aggression Research and Rampage Shootings Reducing the Risks for Rampage Shootings 15

18 Rejection and Lethal Violence Aggression Versus Ingratiation Individual Differences in Sensitivity to Rejection If..Then Perspective on Responses to Rejection Cues source form Self-regulatory Competency 16

19 Why Does Rejection Have Such a Profound Effect in Adolescence? Why Lethal Violence? Need for Future Research 17

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21 Lessons Worth Pursuing From the Study of Suicide in Youth 19

22 A Brief Look at Sociological Perspectives on Peer Hierarchies, Organizational Conditions in Schools, 1 Conceptualizing Peer Hierarchies 1 20

23 111 A Note on Methods Future Research Questions 21

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25 Some Key Facts About Criminal Violence Pertinent to the Relation of Self-control to Violence See Bibliography References

26 Family Roles in Youth Violence Family-focused Intervention and Youth Violence 24

27 Recent Reports on Family Roles in Risk and Resilience Barriers to Families Seeking Help for Youth Violence Concerns Building on Future Longitudinal Studies of Child Development Needed Research on Family Roles in Prenatal Development and Early Childhood Strategies to Improve Monitoring by Parents to Reduce Youth Violence Research Needed on Intergenerational Transmissions of Risk and Protection for Violence 25

28 Improving Systems Designed to Support Families 26

29 Understanding Factors of Youth Violence Through the Study of Cyberbullying Teens and Social Media Cyberbullying Bullying and Violent Behavior Computational Methods Detection 27

30 Prevention and Intervention Studying Factors of Youth Violence in Social Media 28

31 Data Mining for Prediction of Youth Violence: Methods, Challenges, Open Questions Data mining may be particularly helpful in identifying signaling behavior that precedes rare events. What are the most recent advances in understanding signaling behavior through data mining? What are the civil liberties implications of their use? Background predictionregression, modeling detection youth violence Methods place-based crime prediction where whenwho individual-based crime prediction links Challenges 29

32 open questions 30

33 Patterns of Access to Guns Among Adolescents/Young Adults, Recent Advances in Interdiction, Public Opinion Toward Assault Weapons Less than 21 (n=642) 21 and older (n=765) n % n % FFL Friends/Family Member Street/Black Market Gun Show/Flea Market Stolen/Victim

34 How Should the Debates Over Gun Control Be Productively Framed to Capture the Adolescent and Young Adult Access Questions? 32

35 An Evolutionary Perspective on Youth Violence ongoing interactions in developing individuals between genetic, endocrine, and environmental factors in vivo 33

36 1 Developmental Psychology, 43 Psychological Bulletin, 136 Science, 295, Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 38 Children and the faces of television: Teaching, violence, selling,, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100 Communication Research, 30 Child Development, 74 Multivariate applications in the social sciences 11Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58 American Psychologist, 58, Pediatrics, 123 American Psychologist, 56 Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 44 National Television Violence study, vol. 1 National Television Violence study, vol. 2 Journal of Communication, 52 Journal of the American Medical Association, 291, Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 160,, Television and behavior: Ten years of 34

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