Treatment of chronic pain in cardiac rehab: A sport psychological approach. Zurich,

Transcription

1 Treatment of chronic pain in cardiac rehab: A sport psychological approach. Zurich,

2 About me University degree in Psychology (Zurich, M Sc) University degree in Sport Psychology (Bern, FSP) Since 2008 applied sport psychologist, own company youth/elite athletes in competitive sports, disability sports, health sports Board activities Swiss Association of Sport Psychology SASP Psychologist for stress-associated diseases (pain, burn-out; ) Project manager suicide prevention Swiss Federal Railways Further education / hobbies: outdoor sports, yoga, meditation

3 The biopsychosocial Model General model or approach that posits that health is best unterstood in terms of a combination of biological, psychological and social factors (rather then purely in biological terms). Example for cardiac rehabilitation: Bio Medication, Motion Psycho Cognitive behavioral therapy Social Social service, Job- Coach

4 What s Sport Psychology about? My tennis racket does not understand me. Interdisciplinary science: psychology, medicine, sports science and sports practice. Captured areas such as competitive sports, health and quality of life

5 Sport Psychology: The PEP-Model Person - Environment - Performance Bio Psycho Psychological Training: Visualizing, Breathing, Thinking... Social P E P Personal growth (Strenghs, Personality) Collaboration with Coach, Family, Job

6 Sport Psychology: It s all about positive thinking??? Don t think of a coffee right now! Our thinking influences our behavior. For successful cardiac rehab: Behavior modification Changing the way of thinking!

7 Transtheoretical Model: Stages of Change (Prochaska & DiClemente, 1992)

8 Rubicon-Model (Heckhausen, 1989) (in Fuchs, 2003)

9 Positive Psychology complements the traditional study of pathology.... focus on creating and enhancing subjective well-beeing (id. happiness, combination of life satisfaction and the frequency of positive and negative affect). Psychological strenghts and resources: gratitude, optimism, purpose in life, self-efficacy, kindness, social relationships

10 Examples of interventions: Positive Psychology writing letters of gratitude, counting one s blessing, praciticing optimism, performing acts of kindness, mediation on positive feelings toward others, useing one s signature strenght. Meta-analyses (Bolier et al., 2013; Sin et al., 2009): increased subjective and psychological well-being (r = ) decreased depressive symptoms (r = ) benefits maintain for up to 6 months (psychotherapy r = 0.32)

11 Positive Psychology Interventions: taught to the individual, performed by themselves (with some professional guidance). enhances individual s empowerment and autonomy (basic needs!). rapid emprovements of mood symptoms, long-lasting effects. Less expensive, less time consuming, no negative stigma, no known negative side-effects

12 Benefits of sport psychology in cardiac rehab? Based on similar concepts; salutogentic approach. Support: As much as possible, as little as necessary. The patient / athlete as an expert of his experiences intrinsic motivation, commitment, self-esteem, basic needs etc. Physiotherapists: Interface between bio and psycho-social; often addressed more frequently than during official sessions. Use the patients openness and make the small experiences attentive. Support in the way of thinking

13 References Bolier, L. Haverman, M. Westerhof, GJ. et al. (2013). Positive psychology interventions: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies. BMC Public Health (13), 119. Diener, E. Lucas, RE. Oishi, S (2002). Subjective well-being: The sience of happiness and life satisfaction. In: Snyder, CR, Lopzes SJ (Ed.). Handbook of positive psychology. New York, Oxford University Press 2002, p Fuchs, R. (2003). Sport, Gesundheit und Public Health. Go ttingen: Hogrefe. Prochaska, J.O. & DiClemente, C.C. (1992). Stages of change in the modification of problem behaviors. In M. Hersen, R.M. Eisler & P.M. Miller (Eds.), Progress in behavior modification (pp ). Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Santrock, J. W. (2007). A Topical Approach to Human Life-span Development (3rd Ed.). St. Louis, MO: McGraw-Hill. Sin, NL. Lyubomirsky, S. (2009). Enhancing well-being and alleviating depressive symptoms with positive psychology interventions: a practice-friendly metaanalysis. J Chlin Psychol (65), Weinberg, R.S. & Gould, D. (2010). Fondation of Sport and Exercise Psychology. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. Images from the Internet, without rights