FLEXIBLE. ACCREDITED. ONLINE. WELCOME TO KEYSTONE.

Transcription

1 FLEXIBLE. ACCREDITED. ONLINE. WELCOME TO KEYSTONE.

2 The Keystone School provides high-quality, individualized educational experiences in a safe, technology-enabled learning environment to empower students to achieve their academic and personal goals. The Keystone School is accredited by AdvancED and Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Secondary Schools, and is licensed by the State Board of Private Licensed Schools, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

3 Welcome to The Keystone School! Every day, students come to Keystone with different education backgrounds, unique learning styles, and individual hopes. Is it possible for one school to serve such a diverse student body? With Keystone, it is. For 40 years, we ve worked with hundreds of thousands of students to offer a flexible, accredited education that lets every student create his or her own learning experience. Keystone allows students to blend family, life, and school on their own terms. Our students dream big dreams. They aspire to become doctors, game designers, diplomats, teachers, authors, astronauts, and athletes. Some will go into professions that don t even exist today. What does your child want to be? What contributions does your child want to make to the world? Whatever his or her goals may be, Keystone can put your child on a path to success. Whether your child needs a solid middle school education, help earning a high school diploma, tools to prepare for college or a career, or a few courses to round out his or her local school experience, Keystone can help. By choosing Keystone, students can take charge of their future. Not only will they gain knowledge from coursework, they ll gain discipline from managing their own learning skills that will serve them well through college, a career, and life. We look forward to helping your child reach his or her goals. Sincerely, Lisa McClure Head of School, The Keystone School

4 THANKS TO KEYSTONE, I CAN STILL STUDY VIOLIN WHILE PURSUING ACADEMIC EXCELLENCE. KEYSTONE S OPEN ENROLLMENT ENABLES ME TO ORGANIZE MY TIME, ALLOWING ME TO CONTINUE MY PRIVATE VIOLIN LESSONS. All Middle School courses are online 6th Grade Courses 6th Grade English 6th Grade English includes literature, vocabulary, writing, and grammar. It builds on reading as an activity and expands students exposure to a variety of genres through characteristic analysis. Through this course, students establish the purpose for reading and apply new strategies to gain meaning from what they read. This course requires additional reading materials not provided by Keystone. 6th Grade Math 6th grade Math covers whole numbers, decimals, fractions, and percentages. Student will apply the elements of geometry through a study of shapes, measurement, and ratios. They will use the concepts of probability and number theory to make predictions of real-world situations. 6th Grade Science 6th grade Science introduces students to a variety of science topics, skills and ideas. Students will explore several different scientific fields through research, experimentation, and interactive activities. Throughout the course, students will use the scientific method and understand how it applies to all scientific disciplines and endeavors. Topics covered include matter, energy, ecology, cell theory, geology, and astronomy. 6th Grade Social Studies 6th grade Social Studies expands students understanding of history, civics and government, geography, economics, individuals, society, and culture by studying the people and events that occurred in the dawn of Western and non-western ancient civilizations. Students will learn to describe and analyze similarities and differences among cultures, review examples of art, music and literature that has been influenced by the past, and understand and describe how citizenship varies among different societies 6th Grade Art Appreciation 6th grade Art Appreciation is a journey through time and place, examining some of the world s greatest masterpieces. In this course, students will explore world regions and study the unique artifacts and works of architecture that define ancient civilizations. From Mesopotamia the world s first civilization to the Roman streets of Pompeii, participants will learn the fundamental concepts of art, how to look at and evaluate art, and the intended function of natural history museums through hands-on activities, discussions, written assignments, and objective assessments. 6th Grade Health 6th grade Health is designed to teach students about human growth from childhood to adolescence. They will be exposed to how education and socioeconomics influence their growth. Students will learn the systems of the body, discuss how nutrition impacts their health, and learn how adolescent drug use can affect their well-being. Throughout the course, students will be made aware of how the choices they make influence their health and alter the risk of disease, and how being an informed consumer can assist them in the lifelong efforts to remain active, safe, and healthy. 6th Grade Music 6th grade Music introduces the students to the elements of music through a study of the cultural and historical influence on musical history. Additionally, students will build a foundation for becoming consumers of music through a broad overview of musical styles, compositional techniques, and exposure to the many moods music can evoke. The course prepares students to become lifelong musical explorers through an introduction to musical creation opportunities such as singing, playing musical instruments, or composing. KEYSTONE MIDDLE SCHOOL COURSE CATALOG

5 KEYSTONE MIDDLE SCHOOL COURSE CATALOG 6th Grade Physical Education 6th grade Physical Education covers the essential principles for students to live a healthy, active lifestyle, and exposes them to many activities they can incorporate into their daily lives now and in the future. Students will test their own physical abilities, learn how to measure their performance, set goals, and make performance improvements. Activities that will be explored include general health activities, dance, team sports, and safe exercise with additional exposure to lifelong activities. 7th Grade Courses 7th Grade English 7th grade English students will develop effective communication skills via activities designed to strengthen vocabulary, improve grammar, and reinforce reading comprehension through strategy instruction. Students will gain a greater appreciation for literature while recognizing the application of new life skills through fun and engaging reading and writing activities. This course requires additional reading materials not provided by Keystone. 7th Grade Math 7th grade Math covers numbers, operations, and measurement. Students will discover algebraic patterns and model algebraic concepts. They will use their foundation in Geometry to construct and use geometric figures. 7th Grade Science 7th grade Science will provide students with enlightenment and instruction on the nature of science, using a discovery process to teach the scientific method, and the use of metric measurements in scientific investigations. It covers topics from the study of the universe to Earth Science to basic concepts of Physics, Biology, and Environmental Science. 7th Grade Social Studies 7th grade Social Studies students will be introduced to the disciplines of world history, landform and geography, money and economics, political science, sociology, and anthropology. 7th Grade Art Appreciation 7th grade Art Appreciation is a journey through time and place, examining some of the world s greatest masterpieces. In this course, students will explore world regions and study the unique art and architecture that defines the medieval and Renaissance periods. From Leonardo da Vinci to the Taj Mahal, participants will learn the fundamental concepts of art, how to look at and evaluate art, and the intended function of art museums through hands-on activities, discussions, written assignments, and objective assessments. 7th Grade Health 7th grade Health is designed to teach lifetime health and wellness knowledge in order to prevent various psychological and physical disorders. Students will acquire the skills necessary to handle peer pressure, recognize unhealthy and risky behaviors and how to prevent and avoid them, and develop strategies for improving personal and community health. Students will gain an understanding of the relationships that influence one s health as well as refusal and coping skills that play a major part in personal health. After completion of this course, the student will understand and have experience practicing skills for lifelong health and wellness. 7th Grade Music 7th grade Music exposes students to many diverse activities as they learn a wide variety of musical concepts they will be able to use for the rest of their lives. Students will learn foundational skills such as performing, listening, analyzing, and responding to music. After completion of this course, students will have the knowledge to reflect on musical periods and styles, understand music s role in history, analyze and evaluate music, develop criteria necessary for making critical judgments and informed musical choices as well as enhance their overall musicianship. 7th Grade Physical Education 7th grade Physical Education students will be exposed to many diverse activities and will learn a wide variety of fitness concepts that they will be able to use in their everyday lives. Students will learn lifelong skills such as rock climbing, orienteering, and ping pong, along with stress management concepts through yoga and Pilates. Students will develop a sense of self-esteem and accomplishment through completing fitness tests, attaining personal goals set, and learning to care for their body. After completion of this course students will have the knowledge to stay fit and stay active well beyond middle school. 8th Grade Courses 8th Grade English 8th grade English Students will learn to read critically with full comprehension across genres and be able to communicate through effective writing. As students develop critical reading and writing skills, they will make important life connections through the variety of material they study. All material will be connected to a universal theme for each unit: Tolerance, Determination, Social Justice, Times of War, Search for Self, and Cultural Traditions. This course requires additional reading materials not provided by Keystone. 8th Grade Math 8th grade Math covers algebraic concepts with a focus on linear functions and graphing. Students will apply geometry concepts to a study of geometric figures and movement. They will extend their algebraic and geometric understanding by applying concepts of measurement. The course integrates a foundation of probability and statistics through lessons on interpreting data and graphs.

6 8th Grade Science 8th grade Science provides a rigorous and comprehensive foundation for the 8th grade student about to enter high school science. It covers the relevant topics in all the major scientific disciplines, including chemistry, physics, biology, and environmental science. The course builds on prior knowledge and expands on subjects introduced earlier in middle school, paving the way for future interest in the scientific disciplines. 8th Grade Social Studies 8th grade Social Studies students will build on their concepts of geography, civics, and political societies from the 1500s through contemporary American History. 8th Grade Art Appreciation 8th grade Art Appreciation is a journey through time and place, examining some of the world s greatest masterpieces. In this course, students will explore world regions and study the unique art and architecture that defines modern-day civilizations. From Picasso to Hiroshige, participants will learn the fundamental concepts of art, how to look at and evaluate art, and where to find educational resources for the study of art history and applied arts through hands-on activities, discussions, written assignments, and objective assessments. 8th Grade Health 8th grade Health is designed to provide students with the knowledge and skills that will enable them to achieve and maintain a healthful lifestyle. Students will learn health information and practices necessary to understand and manage many aspects of their physical, social, intellectual, spiritual, and emotional health throughout adolescence into adulthood. 8th Grade Music 8th grade Music exposes students to many diverse activities as they learn a wide variety of musical concepts they will be able to use for the rest of their lives. After completion of this course, students will have the knowledge to critically analyze music, use proper music terminology to describe musical concepts, create music of their own, and enhance their musicianship. 8th Grade Physical Education 8th grade Physical Education will teach students to make informed decisions that will assist them both now and in the future. Students will be exposed to a variety of lifetime physical activities such as canoeing, cycling, and kickboxing. Every student is different; therefore every student will design and participate in a fitness program that meets their individual fitness needs and interests. Advanced Middle School Electives Algebra 1 Algebra 1 allows students to gain mastery in working with and evaluating mathematical expressions, equations, graphs, and other topics, with an emphasis on real-world applications. Topics of study include real numbers and variable expressions, methods for solving equations, understanding functions and relations, and an in-depth study of linear and quadratic functions. Students will also study systems of equations and inequalities, exponential and radical functions, rational expressions and equations, probability and statistics. Chinese 1 Chinese 1 is a beginning level course that will introduce the student to a variety of areas of Mandarin Chinese (Simplified). In this course, students will learn listening, speaking, reading and writing skills through activities that are based on pedagogically proven methods of world language instruction. Grammar is introduced and practiced in innovative and interesting ways with a variety of learning styles in mind. Culture is sprinkled throughout the course in an attempt to help the learner focus on the Chinese-speaking world and their culture, people, geographical locations, and histories. French 1 French 1 will teach students to greet others as well as talk about themselves; talk about days, months, and seasons; talk about weather; tell time; identify colors; and express simple actions in the present tense. Computer speakers and a microphone are required. German 1 German 1 focuses on basic vocabulary and conversation. Students will learn to greet others in German as well as talk about themselves; talk about days, months, and seasons; talk about the weather; tell time; identify colors; and express simple actions in the present tense. Computer speakers and a microphone are required. Japanese 1 Throughout the five units of material (Greetings, the Date, Time, Colors, and Places), students learn to express themselves using an ever-increasing vocabulary, present-form verbs, participles, and adjectives. Grammar is introduced and practiced in innovative and interesting ways with a variety of learning styles in mind. Cultural information in the course will teach the student about Japanese culture, people, society, and history. Latin 1 Latin 1 is an introduction to the basics of Latin grammar. It is intended to help students develop the skills necessary to translate basic sentences from Latin to English and English to Latin, and for reading simple connected passages of Latin prose and poetry. In the process, students will learn how verb conjugations and noun declensions work in a highly inflected language, how to analyze the structure of KEYSTONE MIDDLE SCHOOL COURSE CATALOG

7 KEYSTONE MIDDLE SCHOOL COURSE CATALOG Latin sentences and translate English sentences into well-formed Latin equivalents, and to begin to read connected excerpts from ancient authors. Spanish 1 Spanish 1 will teach students to greet others as well as talk about themselves; talk about days, months, and seasons; talk about weather; tell time; identify colors; and express simple actions in the present tense. Students will learn about geography and culture where Spanish is spoken natively. Computer speakers and a microphone are required. Photography* Middle School Photography is recommended for 7th and 8th grade students. The course introduces students to the basics of photography, including camera functions and photo composition. Students will learn what it takes to create a good photograph and how to improve photographs of animals, people, and vacations. They will also begin working with their photographs using photo-editing software. Photographs play an important role in our world today. We photograph to preserve memories, document events, and create artistic works. Through a variety of assigned projects, students will engage their creativity by photographing a range of subjects and learning to see the world through the lens of their cameras. A digital camera is required.

8 KEYSTONE MADE MY OLYMPIC DREAM A POSSIBILITY. THEY MADE IT POSSIBLE FOR ME TO STAY ON TRACK IN MY ATHLETICS AND ACADEMICS WITH CONSTANT SUPPORT ON THE WHITEWATER AND WHATEVER ROOM HAPPENED TO BE THAT DAY S CLASSROOM! Some courses have both online and print versions. versions are textbook-based and come with printed learning guides. courses are predominantly delivered online, and supported with print textbooks and novels as detailed in our online course catalog. * indicates a half-year course For assistance with course selection and sequencing please contact Keystone at English Creative Writing Creative Writing explores a range of genres, including fiction, poetry, creative nonfiction, drama, and multimedia writing. Students will study examples of writing through classic and contemporary selections and will apply that knowledge and understanding to their own writing and others. Unit lessons, performance tasks, and learning activities help students achieve deeper levels of understanding. By the end of the course, students will have created a well-developed portfolio of finished written works. English 1 is an introductory English course, equivalent to 9th grade English. The course covers six types of literature: short stories, nonfiction, poetry, drama, novels, and epics. Students will study literature and develop their skills as writers and thinkers. They will learn new vocabulary and reading and writing concepts. Students will also write and submit journal activities, including prewriting and literary analysis as well as oral assignments. KEYSTONE HIGH SCHOOL COURSE CATALOG

9 KEYSTONE HIGH SCHOOL COURSE CATALOG English 1 In this an introductory English course, students study a variety of literary genres and continue to develop their composition and grammar skills. The course begins with a diagnostic writing assignment to help students identify their strengths and challenges. Course content includes language conventions, grammar and punctuation particulars, and research techniques; students have multiple opportunities to practice these skills. They explore several literary genres, including a novel of their choice, and review the characteristics of each type of literature. Writing assignments consist of journal entries, poetry, formal papers, and an autobiography. Students participate in threaded online discussions with their peers, which encourage higher-level thinking and expose students to multiple perspectives. English 1 covers six types of literature: short stories, nonfiction, poetry, drama, novels, and epics. Students will study literature and develop their skills as writers and thinkers. They will also learn new vocabulary and reading and writing concepts. Students will also write and submit journal activities, including prewriting and literary analysis as well as oral assignments. English 2 Students survey world literature and work on their composition skills by producing more complex written assignments in this intermediate English course. They continue to learn about literary terms and genres. Reading selections reflect a range of time periods, cultures, and social circumstances throughout the world. Students synthesize and respond to these works by participating in threaded online discussions with their peers and completing writing assignments. They learn about types of sources, the validity of these sources, and how to format sources according to APA style. Students then use their composition skills to write a persuasive essay, a short story, a short play, and a research paper. English 2 focuses on world literature. Students continue the study and development of skills in literature, composition, and grammar through active reading and ongoing writing begun in English I. Students read essays, short stories, biographies, drama, and poetry. Study of the parts of speech, sentence structure, and standard usage are integrated into writing assignments and oral assignments. English 3 English 3 is a literature survey course, which follows American literature from Native American oral traditions through contemporary works of poetry, fiction, drama, and nonfiction. Literature of each period becomes the basis of study for models of literary analysis and rhetorical writing. Each lesson engages the student through interactive introduction to concepts and skills, guided practice of those skills and concepts, and an assessment of the student s mastery. Learning activities include reading, listening, discussing, writing, completing multiple-choice games and self-check activities, completing writing projects, and taking quizzes. Unit assessments include both exams and projects. English covers literature from the United States and the Americas written between the Early American period and the present. The selections of literature range from fiction and poetry to speeches, sermons, letters, and journals. Students will see where this literature fits in relation to the events and culture of the time it was written. Students are required to write and submit journal activities related to the readings. English 4 Students will read and analyze classic works of British literature that contain literary qualities that merit study and provoke thinking. They will also look at modern and contemporary works as they examine all genres: plays, short stories, poetry, essays, and novels. Learning activities include close reading, paraphrasing, discussions, essays, short answer exams, research papers, reflective journals, web quests, oral presentations, and others. English 4 features chronological selections from British literature that show how historical and cultural changes influenced writers and their themes. A full range of poetry, drama and fiction is included. Emphasis is placed on written analysis and evaluation of the selection read. Students will produce a variety of written assignments that correspond to the readings. Grammar and Composition See English 1 course description. This course is appropriate for students who have completed English 1 outside of Keystone, and need additional work with English foundational skills. It cannot be taken by students who have also taken Keystone s English 1 course. Grammar and Composition focuses upon the essentials of good communication. It stresses a mastery of writing clear, grammatically correct sentences and paragraphs. The ability to utilize variety in sentence construction is a key. Emphasis is also given to the steps required for successful development of a five-paragraph essay. The final lesson requires the construction and delivery of a speech using the tools of clear thinking, solid foundation and presentation.

10 Journalism * In this one-semester course, students produce news stories, editorials, features, and sports articles as they learn the basics of journalism. The course uses a textbook and covers laws and ethics, freedom of the press, and the principles of journalistic writing. Students learn how to generate ideas and conduct interviews. They improve their writing skills by concentrating on properly organizing their ideas and using correct grammar and vocabulary as they compose their articles and assignments. In the process, they learn how to think critically about the main ideas, points of view and bias, validity of sources, and the relevance of the various topics they write about. World Literature World Literature can be thought of as a literary travelogue. In this course students will be presented with a wide variety of literature. Coursework focuses on relating the literature to the culture, geography and religious beliefs of the authors. Special emphasis is given in the second half of the course to the Nobel Prize for literature. Students are required to write a research paper in this course as well as keep a journal of writing activities. Mathematics Algebra 1 Algebra 1 allows students to gain mastery in working with and evaluating mathematical expressions, equations, graphs, and other topics, with an emphasis on real-world applications. Topics of study include real numbers and variable expressions, methods for solving equations, understanding functions and relations, and an in-depth study of linear and quadratic functions. Students will also study systems of equations and inequalities, exponential and radical functions, rational expressions and equations, probability and statistics. Algebra 1 teaches students fundamental concepts such as integers; linear equations; how to add, subtract, multiply and divide monomials and polynomials; and factoring polynomials and solving quadratic equations. This course also includes radicals and exponents. A Texas Instruments TI-30 calculator is recommended. Algebra 2 Algebra 2 students will use their prior knowledge from Algebra 1 to learn and apply advanced algebraic skills. This course includes topics such as functions, radical functions, rational functions, exponential and logarithmic functions, trigonometry, geometry, conic sections, systems of equations, probability, and statistics. Students will apply the skills that they learn in this course to real world situations. Successful completion of Algebra 1 is a prerequisite. Algebra 2 is a continued study of math concepts, including linear and quadratic equations, inequalities, relations, functions, radicals, imaginary and complex numbers. Students will solve systems of linear equations using the graphing method, including writing and graphing equations of parabolas, circles, ellipses, and hyperbolas. Texas Instruments TI-30 calculator recommended. Successful completion of Algebra 1 is a prerequisite. Calculus Calculus is a comprehensive look at the study of differential and integral calculus concepts, including limits, derivative and integral computation, linearization, Riemann sums, the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, and differential equations. Applications include graph analysis, linear motion, average value, area, volume, and growth and decay models. Pre-Calculus is a prerequisite. Calculus helps students learn connections among functions, as well as derivatives and integrals. The limit, derivative and antiderivative allow students to solve important problems such as finding instantaneous rates of change and the area under the curve. These quantities are useful in engineering, physics, biology, chemistry and business applications. A graphing calculator is required for this course (TI-84+ Silver Edition recommended). Pre-Calculus is a prerequisite. Consumer Math Consumer Math is a comprehensive review and study of arithmetic skills, followed by application of those skills to both personal and vocational business opportunities. Topics include whole numbers, fractions, percentages, basic statistics, and graphs. Practical applications in finance, taxes, budgeting, banking, credit, and home ownership are provided. Consumer Math is designed to teach students the importance of managing their personal finances, allowing them to excel in everyday life. The basic mathematical concepts in part one help the student to review and practice math skills. Students will also learn practical application of the concepts in finance, taxes, budgeting, banking, credit, and home ownership. Geometry Geometry is a comprehensive study of geometric concepts, including the basic elements of geometry, proofs, parallel and perpendicular lines, the coordinate plane, triangles, quadrilaterals, polygons, circles, trigonometry, congruence and similarity, KEYSTONE HIGH SCHOOL COURSE CATALOG * indicates a half-year course

11 KEYSTONE HIGH SCHOOL COURSE CATALOG surface area, volume, and transformations. Successful completion of Algebra I is a prerequisite. Geometry is a comprehensive course featuring coverage of geometric terms and processes, logic, and problem solving. Topics include parallel lines and planes, congruent triangles, inequalities, and quadrilaterals. Various forms of proof are studied. Emphasis is placed upon reasoning and problemsolving skills gained through study of similarity, areas, volumes, circles, and coordinate geometry. Successful completion of Algebra I is a prerequisite. Integrated Math Integrated Math is an overview of many mathematical disciplines, including number sense, geometry, algebra, measurement, probability and statistics, and data interpretation. Students will build mathematical skills that will allow them to solve problems and reason logically. Students will also learn to communicate their understanding by organizing, clarifying, and refining mathematical information for a given purpose. Students will use everyday mathematical language and notation in appropriate and efficient forms to clearly express or represent complex ideas and information. Pre-Algebra Pre-Algebra is appropriate for students who may need to develop stronger foundational math skills before enrolling in Algebra 1. Students will have the opportunity to reinforce basic skills in a variety of modalities and to apply those skills to solve various types of problems. Topics studied include radical expressions, polynomial expressions, graphs and graphing, properties of mathematical expressions, linear equations, absolute value, inequalities, and basic statistics. Pre-Algebra builds upon the essential skills of arithmetic as they apply to algebra. Real numbers and linear equations, linear inequalities, factoring, fractions, graphing, and some elements of geometry are stressed. Pre-Calculus * Pre-Calculus is both a review of algebraic concepts and an introduction to and practice of new concepts designed to prepare students for Calculus. Students will understand polynomial functions, polar coordinates, complex numbers, conic sections, exponential functions, logarithmic functions, sequences, and series. Students will also explore how these concepts connect to real-world applications. Algebra 1, Algebra 2, and Geometry are prerequisites. This course is available as a halfcredit online course or as part of a full-year course combined with Trigonometry. (See Trigonometry/ Pre-Calculus below) Pre-Calculus is a course that is both a review of algebraic concepts and an introduction to and practice of new concepts designed to prepare students for Calculus. The course begins with a treatment of the real number system, then reviews solving equations. Functions and their properties are covered next, followed by related theorems. The lesson on the complex number system allows for a more in-depth discussion of mathematics. Also covered are identities, solving triangles, and matrices. Algebra 1, Algebra 2, and Geometry are prerequisites. Refresher Math Refresher Math is a developmental program for all basic math skills with strong emphasis upon practice and application. The course covers all computational skills, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of whole numbers, decimal numbers, fractions, and integers. Word problems are used to relate concepts to practical situations. Trigonometry * Trigonometry introduces students to the concepts of Trigonometry and Pre-Calculus and prepares students to continue on to Calculus. Students will learn about the basic trigonometric functions and how to graph these functions. Students will also learn how to solve right triangles and how to use Law of Sines and Law of Cosines. Algebra 1, Algebra 2, and Geometry are prerequisites for this course. This course is available as a half credit online course or as part of a full-year course combined with Pre-Calculus. Trigonometry covers lines, angles, and geometric figures like triangles. Students will put knowledge of algebra and geometry to use learning to measure angles. Trigonometry has many applications in the fields of science and math, and even in business and finance; students will learn that the mathematics involved in Trigonometry can be used in many ways. A Texas Instruments TI-30 calculator is recommended. Algebra 1, Algebra 2, and Geometry are prerequisites for this course. Trigonometry/Pre-Calculus Trigonometry/Pre-Calculus introduces students to the concepts of trigonometry and pre-calculus and prepares students to continue on to Calculus. Students will learn about the basic trigonometric functions and how to graph these functions. Students will also learn how to solve right triangles and how to use Law of Sines and Law of Cosines. Students will understand polynomial functions, polar coordinates, complex numbers, conic sections, exponential functions, logarithmic functions, sequences, and series. Students will also

12 explore how these concepts connect to real-world applications. Algebra 1, Algebra 2, and Geometry are prerequisites for this course. Science Biology Lab * Biology Lab students will complete a series of practical exercises designed to demonstrate the major principles of Biology. Beginning with a thorough grounding in the scientific method, the roster of laboratory experiments deepens student understanding of topics such as genetics, physiology, and anatomy. A dissection kit and a compound light microscope are included and extensively used. Successful completion of or concurrent enrollment is Biology in a prerequisite for this half-credit course. Biology This is an introduction to general biology and to the processes of scientific inquiry and thinking. It will include the fundamental principles of living organisms, including physical and chemical properties of life, cellular organization and function, the transfer of energy through metabolic systems, cellular reproduction, the classification of living things, and the six kingdoms of life. The main focus is to present biological information in an understandable and straightforward way that will capture students interest. Biology introduces the basic principles and concepts in Biology. Emphasis is placed on the study of life, the continuity of life, and the relationship between living organisms and the environment. Students will explore the concepts of evolution and biodiversity, and will discover the importance of the animal and plant kingdoms. They will distinguish between the major systems of the human body, identify the parts and functions of each system, and analyze how the systems interact with each other in order to sustain life. Chemistry with Advanced Lab See Chemistry with Lab course description. A lab kit is included with this course. Chemistry with Lab Chemistry with Lab emphasizes the mathematical, theoretical and experimental basis of modern chemistry. Emphasis is placed on the use of theoretical and mathematical concepts to explain and predict chemical behavior. Students explore chemistry fundamentals, atoms and the periodic table, ionic compounds, mole and chemical composition, chemical reactions, the acidbase relationship, reaction rates, equilibrium, thermodynamics, and nuclear chemistry. Lab assignments are incorporated throughout each lesson and will require students to complete hands-on and virtual labs. In order to complete the required hands-on labs, students will need to purchase or utilize standard household or low-cost items. Successful completion of lower level science courses and math skills equal to at least Algebra 1 are prerequisites for this course. Chemistry Chemistry is an introduction to the study of the properties of and changes in matter. This course emphasizes topics such as classification of matter, chemical shorthand, structure of atoms and compounds, the mole, chemical reactions, solids, liquids, and gases. A special section on nuclear chemistry is included. Earth Science with Advanced Lab See Earth Science with Lab course description. A lab kit is included with this course, although students are still required to purchase additional householdtype lab items to complete the activities. Earth Science with Lab Earth Science with Lab begins with a discussion of the nature of science, the processes of science, and instruction on how to carry out scientific investigations in the lab and the field. Students will learn about the properties of rocks and minerals and how to identify and classify them. They will study geologic time, a history of life on Earth, and the development of the geologic time scale. In the second semester students learn about the processes of weathering, how soils are natural resources, and the landscape features associated with rivers, glaciers, shorelines, and areas impacted by wind erosion. The course ends with a unit on the structure and composition of the solar system. In order to complete the hands-on labs, students will need to purchase or utilize standard household or low-cost items to perform the required labs. Earth Science Earth Science is an overview of geology, physics, chemistry, and biology and how they impact our universe, the Earth s internal processes, and the makeup of the natural world. Included is a study of the Earth s air, water, and physical processes as they shape the physical world. Emphasis is placed on the practical evaluation of the world s energy and environmental problems. Students will also examine the history of the Earth in relation to the atmosphere and explore how changes in the atmosphere and solar system impact our planet. KEYSTONE HIGH SCHOOL COURSE CATALOG * indicates a half-year course

13 KEYSTONE HIGH SCHOOL COURSE CATALOG Environmental Science Environmental Science is a multidisciplinary field that draws from the physical sciences in addition to other fields. This course teaches the connection between all living organisms within an ecosystem. It helps students better understand the impact humans have on the world around them and the ways in which individuals can influence the environment through their actions. Environmental Science explains the concept of biome as a region defined by a specific climate, plant life, and animal community. Content highlights the critical value of clean water, the impact of pollution, agricultural and population issues, and various types of existing and future energy resources and technologies Environmental Science is an upper level science course and is a multidisciplinary field that draws from all the sciences in addition to other fields. This course will help students better understand the relationship between humans and the world in which we live. Environmental science applies the principles of pure sciences such as biology, chemistry, ecology, geology, and others. Students more closely examine the value of water, impact of pollution, agricultural methods, and human affect and impact to the environment around them. Forensic Science * This course surveys key topics in forensic science, including the application of the scientific process to forensic analysis, procedures and principles of crime scene investigation, physical and trace evidence, and the law and courtroom procedures from the perspective of the forensic scientist. Through online lessons, virtual and hands-on labs, and analysis of fictional crime scenarios, students learn about forensic tools, technical resources, forming and testing hypotheses, proper data collection, and responsible conclusions. Life Science Life Science allows students to discover more about living things, their structure and their functions. They will begin with simple cells and move on to complex organisms, like plants and animals. They will learn how all of life is interrelated and must coexist in harmony and balance. The purpose of this course is to introduce students to the wonders of life and living things. Students will learn how the many life forms of Earth are different and yet the same, and how all species rely upon each other for survival. Students will be introduced to new vocabulary and ideas that will help them to better appreciate the wonder and beauty of life. Physical Science Physical Science provides students with instruction in the nature of science, including scientific processes, the scientific method, and scientific inquiry. It covers safety in the lab and the field, principles for conducting experiments, and the need for scientific communication. Students learn about the atomic nature of matter, classification of the elements, the periodic table, acids, and bases. The course discusses energy in motion, with emphasis on defining work, power, velocity, acceleration, forces, and gravity. Students learn about Newton s laws of motion and simple machines and have the opportunity to design their own machines using the basic principles of physics. Finally, the course discusses the composition and structure of the universe, the life cycles of stars, and space exploration. Physical Science emphasizes basic concepts, logical methods of chemistry, and physics as they apply to everyday events. Students learn about the atomic nature of matter, chemistry of elements and compounds, mixtures of matter, acids, and bases, and are introduced to energy. The course discusses electrical energy and magnetism and defines forces, including: work, power, velocity, acceleration, and gravity. Physics Physics describes the physical world using a small number of basic assumptions, concepts, and equations. In this course, emphasis is placed on relating physics to the everyday world. Students explore the concepts involved with motion in one or more directions, forces, work, and energy. Students learn the characteristics of waves and describe the behavior of waves with emphasis on light and sound. Finally, the students gain a simple understanding of atomic physics. Approximately 40% of the course involves virtual laboratory investigations. Some activities will require ordinary household items such as rulers, meter sticks, balls or marbles, string, paper, and pencils. Successful completion of Algebra 2 and Geometry are prerequisites of this course. Physics introduces students to the fundamentals of physics, including motion, force, vectors, heat, light, and sound. Students will further investigate fluids, electricity, magnetism, and atomic and nuclear physics. They will learn how to apply physics to their everyday life. Successful completion of Algebra 2 and Trigonometry (recommended) are pre-requisites of this course. Social Studies American Government * American Government is the study of the historical backgrounds, governing principles, and institutions of the government of the United States. The focus is on the principles and beliefs upon which the United States was founded and on the structure,

14 functions, and powers of government at the national, state, and local levels. The principles of popular sovereignty, separation of powers, checks and balances, republicanism, federalism, and individual rights will be examined as will the roles of individuals and groups in the American political system. Students will compare the American system of government with other modern systems and assess the strengths and problems associated with the American system. This course is available as a half-year online course or as part of a full-year course combined with Economics. American Government is designed to teach students the roles of government at local, state, and national levels. Students will learn about the development of the United States Federal System of government, the importance of the checks and balances system, the functions of each of the branches of government, and the involvement of the federal government in world affairs. Students will also learn about the involvement of citizens in the political process. American Government/Economics American Government is the study of the historical backgrounds, governing principles, and institutions of the government of the United States. The focus is on the principles and beliefs upon which the United States was founded and on the structure, functions, and powers of government at the national, state, and local levels. The principles of popular sovereignty, separation of powers, checks and balances, republicanism, federalism, and individual rights will be examined as will the roles of individuals and groups in the American political system. Students will compare the American system of government with other modern systems and assess the strengths and problems associated with the American system. Economics provides a broad view of the social science of economics. It builds on real-world economic applications to create a basic understanding of economic concepts and our economic system. The course includes a range of both macro and microeconomic concepts with an emphasis on the American Free Enterprise System. This course relates economic principles through realworld situations students are familiar with. U.S. History This course provides students with a view of American history from the first migrations of nomadic people to North America to recent events. Readings are drawn from K12 s The American Odyssey: A History of the United States. lessons help students organize their study, explore topics, review in preparation for assessments, and practice skills of historical thinking and analysis. Activities include analyzing primary sources and maps, creating timelines, completing projects and written assignments, and conducting independent research. American History is designed as a survey of the significant developments in America s past. Specific attention is given to the growth of American society and the emergence of the United States as a world power. Student will explore events beginning in 700 and conclude with journey in the mid-1990s. Activities are designed to provide exposure to the special tools useful for historical investigation. Economics * Economics provides a broad view of the social science of economics. It builds on real- world economic applications to create a basic understanding of economic concepts and our economic system. It includes a range of both macro and microeconomic concepts with an emphasis on the American Free Enterprise System. This course relates economic principles through real-world situations students are familiar with. This course is available as a half-year online course or as part of a full-year course combined with Economics. Basic economic theory is the foundation of this course as students learn how fundamental decisions about the four factors of production are made. Key topics covered include: law of supply and demand; saving, borrowing, and spending; the Federal Reserve System and the money supply; and the role of government in an open market economy. Civics * Civics can be expressed as a study in citizenship and government. This course will provide students with a basic understanding of civic life, politics, and government; a short history of its foundation and development; what rights the American government guarantees its citizens; and a survey of the duties and responsibilities American citizens must exercise in order to maintain their government. It will introduce the workings of our own and other political systems as well as the relationship of American politics and government to world affairs. Civics describes the organization and operation of government on the local, state, and national levels. Students roles in family, school, and the economy are investigated with emphasis on their rights and responsibilities. Students will also develop an understanding of the challenges faced with U.S. foreign policy. Contemporary World Issues Contemporary World Issues compares governments, economies, cultures and geography of the world. Emphasis is placed on the civics, politics, economics, structures, processes, and policies of the United States compared with those of the international community. Students will use what they know and learn about the United States and the world to analyze current events and contemporary issues. Reasoning and research skills will be applied to the content throughout the course. KEYSTONE HIGH SCHOOL COURSE CATALOG * indicates a half-year course

15 KEYSTONE HIGH SCHOOL COURSE CATALOG Geography Geography examines a broad range of geographical perspectives covering all of the major regions of the world. Each region will be reviewed in a similar structure to allow students to clearly see similarities and differences. Specifically, the course will explore where each region s absolute and relative location, climate, and significant geographical features. The exploration will then look at each region from a cultural, economic, and political perspective, closely examining the human impact on each region from these perspectives as well as how human activities impact the environments of the region. Geography covers the basic principles of geography and their application to major regions. Emphasis is placed upon the world, its people and resources, and how they relate and interact. Students will be examining the land forms, climate, and cultural factors that make each region unique. Psychology * Psychology investigates why human beings think and act the way they do. This is an introductory course and broadly covers several areas. Students will be expected to expand and go further into the topics. Theories and current research will be presented for the student to critically evaluate and understand. Each unit will present the terminology, theories and research that are critical to the understanding of the topic. Assignments and assessments will be included as well as tutorials and interactive drills. Psychology covers the basic concepts of psychology, including the development of personality, emotions, motivation, and perception. Students learn about the many influences that may affect human behavior. They will develop an understanding of both the biological and environmental influences of development and compare various methods of therapy. Sociology Sociology offers a study of human relationships in society. Emphasis is placed on culture, social structure, the individual in society, societal institutions, and social inequality. Students will examine the major sources of social change as well as minority groups and the impact of prejudice. World History This World History course examines human development from the dawn of civilization to the present day. Students learn about the socioeconomic conditions, political institutions, and ideological attitudes that have marked various time periods throughout history. Using primary and secondary sources, students conduct inquirybased research to examine historical events, cultural developments, and social and family structures. They also participate in interactive discussions and analyze statistics and data from maps, charts, and graphs. Students are encouraged to use their critical-thinking and problem-solving skills to evaluate the achievements of civilizations in the fields of science, technology, and the arts. World History provides students with a thorough survey of the significant political, socioeconomic, and cultural features of human history from the beginnings of civilization to the contemporary period. Using both primary and secondary sources and document-based investigation, students trace the emergence of the interdependence between world regions an interaction stimulated by European invasions and colonization and sustained by the contributions of the non-western regions. Health Health * This high school course helps students develop the knowledge and skills they need to make healthy decisions that allow them to stay active, safe, and informed. Students learn about the components of a healthy lifestyle and learn strategies for making healthy choices. Instructional material introduces students to the concepts of mental health, emotional health, social health, consumer health, and physical health. It presents opportunities for students to apply their value systems to decisions concerning their own health. Students develop communication skills in this one-semester course that allow them to demonstrate healthy choices with respect for self, family, and others. Health focuses on the impact of lifestyle choices on wellness and health. Topics include exercise, nutrition, mental and emotional well-being, drugs, alcohol, and the environment. Health/Nutrition and Wellness Health/Nutrition and Wellness combines the online Health course with the online Nutrition and Wellness course to make a full-credit course. See the separate course descriptions for Health and Nutrition and Wellness in this section. Lifetime Fitness Lifetime Fitness teaches the underlying fundamentals of a fit-for-life attitude. In addition to reading in the textbook, students are required to complete a Portfolio of Fitness which includes self-assessments and activities. Students are also required to learn about, practice, and report on two lifetime sports of their choosing: volleyball, golf, tennis, soccer, swimming, weight

16 training, basketball, ice skating, table tennis, badminton, self-defense, and/or bowling. The student must choose two sports he/she has not participated in previously. The sports are selected as part of the enrollment process. Nutrition and Wellness * Nutrition and Wellness introduces students to an overview of good nutrition principles that are needed for human physical and mental wellness. Discussion of digestion, basic nutrients, weight management, sports and fitness, and life-span nutrition are included. Emphasis is placed on application to today s food and eating trends, plus learning to assess for reliable nutrition information. This course is also offered in combination with Health as a full credit course. Physical Education Physical Education focuses on the fundamental components and principles of fitness. The course examines safety guidelines, proper technique, and exercise principles such as the FITT. Students will assess their current level of fitness in relation to the five components of physical fitness: flexibility, cardiovascular health, muscular strength, muscular endurance, and body composition. Students will also learn strategies to help them begin, design, and maintain an exercise program to keep them fit for life. To earn credit for this course, students must participate in physical exercise at least three days per week as described in the course. This will become part of a required fitness log. Fine Art Art and Music Appreciation Art and Music Appreciation introduces students to various forms of the visual arts as well as elements, instrumentation, and historical periods of music. Through hands-on activities as well as online and offline assignments, students will learn to identify, compare key characteristics of, and evaluate various art and musical works. This is a full-credit course that combines the Art Appreciation and the Music Appreciation half-credit courses. Art and Music Appreciation introduces the major themes, influences, and personalities in art and music that shaped most of Western cultural heritage. A dual track approach provides a basis for synthesis. This is a full credit course that combines both the Art Appreciation and Music Appreciation half-credit courses. Art Appreciation * Art Appreciation introduces students to various forms of the visual arts such as painting, sculpture, and film. Students learn how to critically examine a work of art in historical, social, and cultural contexts; identify and compare key characteristics in artworks; and understand the role art has played throughout history. Through hands-on activities, virtual museum tours, discussion, and research, students develop the ability to explain the significance of artworks in Western and non-western cultures; identify the medium and technique used to create works of art; and analyze formal elements, principles of design, and stylistic characteristics found in artworks from various art historical periods. This is a half credit course that is also offered with Music Appreciation as a full credit course. * Art Appreciation introduces students to the major themes, influences, and personalities in art that shaped most of Western cultural heritage. Students will study the history of art from prehistoric art, through the renaissance, and to impressionism and art of the present. This course can also be combined with Music Appreciation for a full-credit course. Fine Art Fine Art gives students a comprehensive and practical view of the history and development of art. Relevant art and architecture beginning around 15,000 B.C. and proceeding through the present is discussed. In order to fully appreciate these works of art, it s helpful to have a fundamental knowledge of how art is made and why we like it. Fine Art gives students a comprehensive and practical view of the history and development of art. In order to fully appreciate these works of art, it s helpful to have a fundamental knowledge of how art is made and of why we like it. Lessons focus on the various processes for making art and how students can be knowledgeable art critics. This course contains activities that require the student to access the Internet. Music Appreciation * Students receive an introduction to the elements, instrumentation, and history of music in this onesemester course. Instructional materials emphasize the significance of surroundings and time periods and how they influenced the music of the day. Students listen to and evaluate several types of music and are assessed on their comprehension through projects, presentations, and exams. After completing the course, students have the skills to identify basic musical elements, compare and contrast elements in difference musical genres, identify key musical time periods and their characteristics, identify significant composers and musicians from different time periods, describe different instrumentations in music, and develop critiques of musical pieces based on information in the course. This is a half credit course that is also offered with Art Appreciation as a full credit course. KEYSTONE HIGH SCHOOL COURSE CATALOG * indicates a half-year course

17 KEYSTONE HIGH SCHOOL COURSE CATALOG * Music Appreciation teaches students the basic concepts of music as well as the history of music. Students will study music from various eras including ancient Greece and medieval times through to modern and pop music and its influence on culture. This course can also be combined with Art Appreciation for a full-credit course. World Languages Chinese (Mandarin) 1 Chinese 1 is a beginning level course that will introduce the student to a variety of areas of Mandarin Chinese (Simplified). In this course, students will learn listening, speaking, reading and writing skills through activities that are based on pedagogically proven methods of world language instruction. Grammar is introduced and practiced in innovative and interesting ways with a variety of learning styles in mind. Culture is sprinkled throughout the course in an attempt to help the learner focus on the Chinese-speaking world and their culture, people, geographical locations, and histories. Computer speakers and a microphone are required. Chinese (Mandarin) 2 In this course students learn to express themselves using an ever increasing vocabulary, present-tense verbs, articles, and adjectives. Chinese (Mandarin) 1 is a prerequisite. Computer speakers and a microphone are required. French French 1, 2, 3 and 4, in accordance with the standards of the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL), follow a method of learning that focuses on successful communication through speaking, writing, reading, and listening as well as a thorough grounding in aspects of culture. The French program is aligned to the national world language standards. French 1 French 1 will teach students to greet others as well as talk about themselves; talk about days, months, and seasons; talk about weather; tell time; identify colors; and express simple actions in the present tense. Computer speakers and a microphone are required. French 2 French 2 students will increase their vocabulary and use of reflexive verbs, talk about animals, talk more about themselves and what they like to do in their free time, learn to use direct and indirect object pronouns, and communicate on a wider range of conversational topics. Students will learn a variety of grammatical structures that will help them transfer knowledge to other areas they desire to talk about in French. Computer speakers and a microphone are required. French 1 is a prerequisite. French 3 French 3 will help students sharpen listening, reading, writing and speaking skills through the use of a variety of learning activities. Many areas of grammar are presented in an effort to reinforce instruction that has preceded this course. Culture and cultural themes are of tremendous importance as the learner makes the transfer from primarily learning grammar to now learning to put what has been learned into practice. Students will master the passé composé and imperfect tenses, the future tense, the conditional tense, the use of double object pronouns, and imperative verbs. Computer speakers and a microphone are required. French 1 and French 2 are prerequisites. French 4 French 4 includes ten units of material (People, Achievements, Desires, Activities, Celebrations, Possibilities, The Past, The Arts, Now, It s Over!). Students learn to express themselves using an ever-increasing vocabulary; present, past, future and conditional-tense verbs; articles; adjectives; and increasingly complex grammatical structures. Computer speakers and a microphone are required. French 1, French 2, and French 3 are prerequisites. German German 1, 2, 3, and 4 have been carefully designed to meet the standards of the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL). These standards call for a method of learning that focuses on successful communication through speaking, writing, reading, and listening as well as a thorough grounding in aspects of culture. The German program is aligned to national world language standards. German 1 German 1 focuses on basic vocabulary and conversation. Students will learn to greet others in German as well as talk about themselves; talk about days, months, and seasons; talk about the weather; tell time; identify colors; and express simple actions in the present tense. Computer speakers and a microphone are required. German 2 German 2 students will increase their vocabulary and use of reflexive verbs, talk about animals, talk more about themselves and what they like to do in their free time, learn to use direct and indirect object pronouns, and communicate on a wider range of conversational topics. Students will learn a variety of grammatical structures that will help them transfer knowledge to other areas they

18 desire to talk about in German. Computer speakers and a microphone are required. German 1 is a prerequisite. German 3 German 3 will help students sharpen listening, reading, writing and speaking skills through the use of a variety of learning activities. Students will learn to talk about the past with increasing ease, distinguishing which tense to use and when, and talk about people using descriptors and idiomatic expressions. They will learn to use the subjunctive tense in a wide variety of situations, and will learn the use of the conditional tense. Geography, native speech, and grammatical structures are stressed. Computer speakers and a microphone are required. German 1 and German 2 are prerequisites. German 4 German 4 builds upon the first three levels. Students will continue to sharpen their reading, writing, and listening skills as well as learn skills to think critically and express themselves on topics relevant to German culture. This fourth level will include authentic texts, current culture, and literature from Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. Computer speakers and a microphone are required. German 1, German 2, and German 3 are prerequisites. Japanese 1 Throughout the five units of material (Greetings, the Date, Time, Colors, and Places), students learn to express themselves using an ever-increasing vocabulary, present-form verbs, participles, and adjectives. Grammar is introduced and practiced in innovative and interesting ways with a variety of learning styles in mind. Cultural information in the course will teach the student about Japanese culture, people, society, and history. Computer speakers and a microphone are required. Japanese 2 Japanese 2 builds on the vocabulary and grammar introduced in Japanese 1. Students will learn to talk about the past with increasing ease, distinguishing which tense to use and when; to use the subjunctive tense in a variety of situations; to use the conditional tense; and to use increasingly complex grammatical structures with ease. They will also learn more about the native culture, history, and geography of Japan. Computer speakers and a microphone are required. Japanese 1 is a prerequisite. Latin 1 Latin 1 is an introduction to the basics of Latin grammar. It is intended to help students develop the skills necessary to translate basic sentences from Latin to English and English to Latin, and for reading simple connected passages of Latin prose and poetry. In the process, students will learn how verb conjugations and noun declensions work in a highly inflected language, how to analyze the structure of Latin sentences and translate English sentences into well-formed Latin equivalents, and to begin to read connected excerpts from ancient authors. Computer speakers and a microphone are required. Latin 2 Latin 2 is a continuation of Latin grammar and a deeper study of Roman mythology and history. The grammar in Latin 2 is a review from Latin 1 with expanding use of declensions, adjectives, adverbs, and cases. These skills will be used to translate longer Latin texts to English that require more knowledge of grammar rather than just vocabulary recall. The culture part of the course is an in-depth study of The Odyssey, the underworld, the rulers and kings of Rome, and entertainment. Computer speakers and a microphone are required. Latin 1 is a prerequisite. Spanish Spanish 1, 2, 3, and 4 have been carefully designed to meet the standards of the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL). These standards call for a method of teaching that focuses on successful communication through speaking, writing, reading, and listening as well as a thorough grounding in aspects of culture. Unit activities blend different forms of communication and culture to ensure that the student meets all standards. Spanish 1 Spanish 1 will teach students to greet others as well as talk about themselves; talk about days, months, and seasons; talk about weather; tell time; identify colors; and express simple actions in the present tense. Students will learn about geography and culture where Spanish is spoken natively. Computer speakers and a microphone are required. Spanish 1 introduces students to Spanish culture and language through a combination of text and audio CDs. Equal emphasis is placed upon developing skills in areas of grammar, reading, and speaking this increasingly important language. Spanish 2 Spanish 2 builds on the vocabulary and concepts learned in Spanish 1. Students will learn to talk about daily activities and common places and events. They will learn to differentiate between ser and estar and use both verbs to describe people, and will learn the past tenses in Spanish. Students will also learn Spanish history and history having to do with the Spanish speaking world. Computer speakers and a microphone are required. Spanish 1 is a prerequisite. KEYSTONE HIGH SCHOOL COURSE CATALOG * indicates a half-year course

19 KEYSTONE HIGH SCHOOL COURSE CATALOG Spanish 2 builds on the vocabulary and concepts learned in Spanish 1. Students will engage in conversations, provide and obtain information, express feelings and emotions, and exchange opinions. They will present information, concepts, and ideas to an audience of listeners or readers on a variety of topics. In addition, they will understand the practices and perspectives of the Spanish and Hispanic cultures. Spanish 1 is a prerequisite. Spanish 3 Spanish 3 builds on the first two years of Spanish, and helps students to improve their speaking about increasingly complex topics, and express themselves clearly in the present, past, and future tenses. They will also learn to compare objects and activities. Computer speakers and a microphone are required. Spanish 1 and Spanish 2 are prerequisites. Spanish 4 Spanish 4 is a continuation of the first three years. The student will continue to sharpen their listening, speaking, reading and writing skills through activities that are based on pedagogically proven methods of world language instruction. Throughout the five units of material, students learn to express themselves using an ever-increasing vocabulary, present-tense verbs, past-tense verbs, articles, and adjectives. Students will continue to expand their knowledge of Spanish speaking cultures and countries. Computer speakers and a microphone are required. Spanish 1, Spanish 2, and Spanish 3 are prerequisites. Electives 3D ART: Modeling and Animation This is a two-part course that introduces students to 3D modeling tools and concepts and advanced 3D animation techniques. The course uses Blender, the popular open-source 3D modeling package. In Part I Modeling, students learn the basics of creating shapes, adding textures and lighting, and rendering. In Part II Animation, students master the basics of animation rigging, bones, and movement while learning how to apply traditional animation techniques to their 3D models. This course is suitable for students with no prior experience in 3D game design or digital media authoring tools. A 3-button mouse or track pad is required. Accounting Accounting introduces students to the foundational skills needed for college accounting courses, office work, and managing a small business. Students are given an overview of the three forms of accounting: financial, cost, and management accounting. The course covers the basic concepts, conventions, and rules of the double entry system. It introduces techniques to analyze ratios from the balance sheet. The concepts of ethics, integrity, confidentiality, and rigor are woven through all the chapters. Business Law Business Law introduces the topics of business and personal law. As students become familiar with these underlying concepts, they will gain a better understanding of the importance of the law in general. They will also learn about specific laws that are likely to be relevant to them. This foundation will include a survey of criminal law, civil law, and procedural law. With this background, students are then ready to consider the contract, which provides basic rules that we can all use to define our private rights and duties. Career Planning* Students use an informative interactive process to explore career and life options in this one semester elective. They begin with a thorough examination of their own interests, aptitudes, achievements, and personality styles. Instructional material then helps them match job market information, interview techniques, training requirements, and educational paths to potential careers that suit their strengths and personal priorities. Successfully completing this course gives students the ability to identify and describe their personal interests, aptitudes, and lifestyle goals; locate and evaluate information about different careers; identify the skills and knowledge needed for careers of interest and how to obtain them; and create an entrepreneurial business plan. Computer Fundamentals Computer Fundamentals introduces the basic principles of a personal computer, including the internal hardware, the operating system, and software applications. Students will gain practice in using key applications such as word processors, spreadsheets, and presentation software as well as understanding social and ethical issues around the Internet, information, and security. Criminology * Criminology introduces students to the field of criminology, the study of crime. Students look at possible explanations for crime from psychological, biological, and sociological perspectives; explore the categories and social consequences of crime; and investigate how the criminal justice system handles criminals and their misdeeds. In the modern world, many citizens share a concern about criminal behaviors and intent. The course explores some key questions: Why do some individuals commit crimes while others do not? What aspects of culture and society promote crime? Why are different punishments given for the same crime? What factors from arrest to punishment help shape the criminal case process?

20 Digital Media: Imaging Design and Editing/Web Design Digital Media combines Image Design and Editing with Web Design into a full credit course. In Imaging Design, students learn basic photography and graphic concepts, including image editing, special effects and graphic design. Students build a portfolio of their work. In the Web Design portion of the course, students are introduced to the mechanics and elements of web design, including HTML, planning and organizing websites, and documentation and copyright issues. Students will complete a variety of project-based assessments throughout the course. Students are required to have a digital camera and download GIMP and NVu (both free software downloads). This course is recommended for PC users only. Digital Video Production * Digital Video Production introduces students to all aspects of digital video, from story-boarding scenes and creating shot lists to editing a finished, professional-quality product. Throughout this project-based course, students will demonstrate mastery of the key learning objectives by recording, capturing, and editing their own videos. This is a hands-on course that provides a solid foundation for further study in this exciting field. Students must have Microsoft Windows Movie Maker and a video camcorder capable of connecting to a computer. Entrepreneurship * In this introductory business course, students will learn the basics of planning and launching their own successful business. Whether they want to start their own money-making business or create a nonprofit to help others, this course will help students develop the core skills they will need to be successful. They will learn how to come up with new business ideas, attract investors, market their business, and manage expenses. Students will get inspired by stories of teen entrepreneurs who have turned their ideas into reality, and then they will plan and execute their own business. Additionally, they learn about sales methods, financing and credit, accounting, pricing, and government regulations. They refine their technology and communication skills in speaking, writing, networking, negotiating, and listening. They enhance their employability skills by preparing jobrelated documents, developing interviewing skills, and learning about hiring, firing, and managing employees. Students develop a complete business plan and a presentation for potential investors. Fashion and Interior Design * From the clothes we wear to the homes we live in, fashion and design is all around us. In this course, students who have a flair for fashion or who constantly redecorate their room find out what it is like to work in the design industry by exploring career possibilities and the background needed to pursue them. Students try their hand at designing as they learn the basics of color and design, then test their skills through hands-on projects. In addition, they develop the essential communication skills that build success in any business. By the end of the course, students are well on their way to developing the portfolio needed to get started in this exciting field. Game Design * Game Design will introduce students to the basic skills necessary to design online games. They will study the various games in the industry and analyze their approach in terms design and development. Students will explore the processes and art of making game elements like story, levels, sound, user interfaces, and levels. This analysis will include an orientation to the gaming market and the impact innovative techniques have on it. Finally, the student will merge all these elements into a functional prototype showing their understanding of the game design process. Students are required to have access to free downloadable software programs Blender, Trackmania, and Multimedia Fusion Developer (demo version). This course is compatible with PCs only. Health Science * Health Science explores the importance of diagnostics and research in the identification and treatment of diseases. Will we ever find a cure for cancer? What treatments are best for conditions like diabetes and asthma? How are illnesses like meningitis, tuberculosis, and the measles identified and diagnosed? Health sciences provide the answers to questions such as these. In this course, students will be introduced to the various disciplines within the health sciences, including toxicology, clinical medicine, and biotechnology. The course presents information and terminology for the health sciences and examines the contributions of different health science areas. International Business * International Business helps students develop the appreciation, knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to live and work in the global marketplace. It takes a global view on business, investigating why and how companies go international and are more interconnected. The course further provides students a conceptual tool by which to understand how economic, social, cultural, political, and legal factors influence both domestic and cross-border business. Life Skills * Life Skills is designed to increase student knowledge and ability in skills necessary for everyday living. The course emphasizes personal values, goal-setting and planning, making decisions and solving problems, evaluating information and dealing with media and peer pressure, communication and relationships, wellness and personal safety, and contributing to one s community. KEYSTONE HIGH SCHOOL COURSE CATALOG * indicates a half-year course