CIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering

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1 The International Academy for Production Engineering Luc Laperriere Gunther Reinhart Editors CIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering Volume 1 A-H With 1145 Figures and 85 Tables ^ Springer Reference

2 Topical! ythione f Entries Abrasive Processes Abrasive Material 1 Bonding Materials 105 Centerless Grinding 135 Chip Formation (Abrasive Process) 177 Dressing 408 Gear Grinding 576 Grinding 586 Grinding Fluids 589 Grinding Monitoring 592 Grinding Parameters 597 Grinding Wheel 601 Honing 659 Lapping 733 Nozzle Design 918 Ploughing (in Grinding) 950 Polishing 957 Residual Stress (Abrasive Processes) 1050 Superabrasives 1174 Superfinishing 1180 Ultraprecision Grinding 1273 Water-Jet Cutting 1297 Assembly Assembly 50 Assembly Automation 52 Assembly Line 55 Assembly Representation 60 Bonding 102 Handling 615 Human-Machine Collaboration 668 Inspection (Assembly) 706 Laser Welding 744 Maintenance 818 Manual Assembly 825 Material Flow 844 Robot 1068 Sensor (Assembly) 1096 Welding 1305 Cutting Adiabatic Shearing in Metal Machining 27 Broaching 109 Burr 118 Cemented Carbides 127 Ceramic Cutting Tools 138 Cermets 152 Chatter Prediction 169 Chip-forms, Chip Breakability and Chip Control 178 Coated Tools 208 Composite Materials 239 Cutting Edge Geometry 294 Cutting Edge Influence on Machining Titanium Alloy 299 Cutting Fluid 311 Cutting Force Modeling 315 Cutting of Inconel and Nickel Base Materials 329 Cutting Temperature 334 Cutting, Fundamentals 345 Deep Hole Drilling with Small Diameters 371 Diamond Machining 390 Drill Milling 413 Drilling 416 Fine Finishing of Holes 504 Five-Axis Tool Path Generation 514 Gear Cutting 569 Geometric Modeling of Machining 583 Groove Milling 605 Hard Material Cutting 619 Heat Partitioning in Dry Milling 627 High Speed Cutting 632 Hybrid Cutting 671 xxi

3 xxii Topical Outline of Entries Machinability 769 Machinability of Aluminum and Magnesium Alloys 770 Machinability of Carbon Steel 776 Machinability of Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced and GLARE Materials 782 Machinability of High-Alloyed Steel and Stainless Steel 787 Machining of Spheroidal Ductile Iron 802 Micromachining 873 Milling of Titanium 883 Modeling of Face Milling 888 Molecular Dynamics for Cutting Processes 897 Monitoring 901 Process Chain Design 975 Process Optimization via Feedrate Scheduling in Milling 979 Superhard T ools 1183 Surface Integrity 1188 Sustainability of Machining 1204 Tool Holder 1245 Turning with Rotary Tools 1255 Twist Drill Geometry Optimization 1262 Ultraprecision Machining 1277 Ultra-small Micro End Mills 1280 Wear Mechanisms 1302 Design Augmented Reality 66 Axiomatic Design 72 Computer-Aided Design 252 Conceptual Design 275 Decision Making 363 Design Methodology 386 Design Verification 388 Detail Design 388 Information Management 700 Knowledge Management 723 Modular Design 895 Product Architecture 987 Product Development 991 Prototyping 1008 Requirement Specification 1047 Reverse Engineering 1064 Roundness 1082 Straightness 1158 Synthesis 1214 Tolerancing 1230 Tolerancing (Kinematic Approach to) 1237 Virtual Reality 1294 What-If Design 1310 Electro Physical and Chemical Processes Additive Manufacturing Technologies 20 Electric Discharge Machining 439 Electroforming 443 Electron Beam Machining 446 Electroplating 452 Etching 483 Eutectic Bonding 488 Induction Heating 692 Ion B earn Machining 717 Laser Ablation 736 Laser Beam Machining 739 Microwave Radiation 877 Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) 939 Pulse 1010 Rapid Tooling 1025 Specific Energy 1124 Sputtering 1138 Forming Anisotropy 40 Bar Extrusion 77 Bending (Sheets) 86 Bending (Tubes, Profiles) 92 Cold Forging 226 Deep Drawing 367 Deformation (Dislocations) 379 Drawing (Wire, Tube) 405 Flow Stress, Flow Curve 530 Formability (Damage) 539 Forming Presses (Hydraulic, Mechanical, Servo) 547 Forming Tools (Die, Punch, Blank Holder) 554 Hot Forging 665 Hydroforming (Sheets and Tubes) 674 Incremental Forming 689 Metal Spinning 866 Residual Stress (Forming) 1053 Roll Forming 1076 Shear Forming 1115 Springback 1133 Stress, Strain 1159 Stretching 1163 Yield Criteria 1315

4 Topical Outline of Entries xxiii Life Cycle Engineering Cleaner Production 205 Disassembly 395 Eco-efficiency 437 Energy Efficiency 461 Environmental Impact 463 Environmental Impact Assessment 465 EOL Treatment 469 Life Cycle Cost 751 Life Cycle Engineering 757 Product Life Cycle Management 992 Recycling 1039 Remanufacturing 1044 Resource Efficiency 1061 Reuse 1061 Sustainability 1203 Sustainable Manufacturing 1208 Machines Actuator 9 Adaptive Control 17 Bearing 80 Chatter 163 Computer Numerical Control 249 Control 281 Damping 359 Dynamics 422 Finite Element Method 508 Hydrostatic Bearing 682 Machine Tool 792 Magnetic Bearing 815 Mechanism 857 Mechatronics 861 Open Architecture 925 Sensor (Machines) 1105 Servo System 1112 Spindle 1128 Stability 1143 Structural Analysis 1165 Thermal Error 1224 Ultraprecision 1269 Vibration 1289 Precision Engineering and Metrology (A-L) Accuracy 6 Atomic Force Microscopy 62 Computed Tomography 242 Coordinate Measuring Machine 285 Error 478 Form Error 535 In-Process Inspection 702 Inspection (Precision Engineering and Metrology) 708 Interferometry 710 Precision Engineering and Metrology (M-Z) Measurement Uncertainty 852 Metrology 869 Positioning 962 Precision 968 Quality 1017 Quality Assurance 1021 Resolution 1056 Scanning Electron Microscope 1085 Scanning Tunneling Microscope 1090 Traceability 1251 Production Systems and Organizations Agent Theory 33 Artificial Intelligence 47 Autonomous Production Control 67 Capacity Planning 123 Changeable Manufacturing 157 Cladistics for Products and Manufacturing 194 Coevolution of Manufacturing Systems 219 Complexity in Manufacturing 231 Computer-Aided Manufacturing 254 Computer-Aided Process Planning 266 Computer-Integrated Manufacturing 271 Cost 289 Distributed Manufacturing 400 Emergent Synthesis 458 ERP Enterprise Resource Planning 472 Facility Planning 493 Factory 500 Flexible Manufacturing System 524 Fuzzy Logic 562 Holonic Manufacturing Systems 654 Industrial Product-Service System 696 Knowledge-Based System 729 Learning Organization 749 Logistic Curves 759 Logistics 762 Management of Production Enterprises 821 Manufacturing 828 Manufacturing System 830

5 xxiv Topical Outline of Entries Mass Customization 836 Neural Network 911 Optimization in Manufacturing 929 Optimization in Manufacturing Systems, Fundamentals 932 Planning 946 Process 973 Production 995 Production Planning 1003 Productivity 1006 Reconfigurable Manufacturing System 1035 Scheduling 1092 Simulation of Manufacturing Systems 1120 Statistical Process Control 1150 System 1218 Surfaces Ellipsometry 453 Functional Correlation 557 Reflectivity 1042 Roughness 1080 Surface Parameter 1199

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