AIRSPEAK F. A. ROBERTSON

Transcription

1 AIRSPEAK RADIOTELEPHONY COMMUNICATION FOR PILOTS F. A. ROBERTSON

2 AIRSPEAK Radiotelephony Communication for Pilots F.A. ROBERTSON Centre of Applied Linguistics, University of Besancon and Air Inter, Paris in association with Edward Johnson Wolfson College, Cambridge PRENTICE HALL New York London Toronto Sydney Tokyo First published 1987 by Prentice Hall Imenutiuiial (UK) Lid 66 VMAAI Lane Ecu, Hcmcl Hempstead, Hertfordshire. HP2-1RG A division of Simon & Schuster International Group

3 1987 Prentice Hall International (UK) Ltd All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission in writing, from the publisher. For permission within the United States of America contact Prentice Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ Printed and bound in Great Britain by Alden Press Ltd. Oxford Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Pubtication Data Robertson. Fiona, 1945 Airspeak: radiotelephony communication fof pilots. 1. English language Conversation and phrase books {for air pilots) 2. English language Text-books for foreign speakers. 3. Airplanes - Piloting Terminology. I. Title II. Title: Radioiclephony communication for pilots. PE3727.A35R63 I9S " ISBN O-13-02O975-9 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Robertson, Fiona Airspeak: radiotelephony communication for pilots. I. English language Text-books for foreign speakers 2. Aeronautics Language I. Title 428.2'4-02i629I РЕП28 ISBN 0-I3-O ISBN AIRSPEAK Radiotelephony Communication for pilots

4 Other English For Specific Purposes Titles BINHAM, P. et al. Hotel English* BINHAM. P. et al. Restaurant English* BLAKEY, T. English for Maritime Studies (2nd ed.)* BRIEGER, N. ei al Business Contacts* BRIEGER, N. and J. Comfort Business Issues BRIEGER, N. and J. Comfort Technical Contacts* BRIMS. J. English for Negotiating DAVIES. D. Petroleum Technology DAVIES. D. Telecommunications FITZPATRICK. A. English fur International Conferences* KAY V. Biological Sciences LEBAUER. R.S. Reading Skills for the Future MCGOVERN, J. and J. McGovcrn Bank on Your English* MCKELLEN, J. and M. Spooncr New Business Matters* NOTO. M.S. Physics PALSTRA, R. Telephone English* РОТЕ, М. et al. A Case for Business English* PRODROMOU. L. Medicine *Includes audio cassettes

5 CONTENTS Foreword viii Acknowledgements xi Introduction xii Notes to the teacher xiv Notes to the learner how to use this book xvii Standard words and phrases xix Part One Pre-flight to line-up Departure information Departure information (routine) Departure information (ATIS) 4 CHECK for Section Route clearances 10 CHECK for Section Start-up Start-up (routine) Start-up (non-routine) I8 CHECK for Section Push-back Push-back (routine) Push-back (non-routine) 25 CHECK for Section Taxiing Taxi (routine) Taxi (routine exchanges) Taxi (nun-routine) 35 CHECK for Section Line-up Line-up (routine) Line-up (non-routine) 44 CHECK for Section Review of Part One Routine phraseology review Flight from Rexbury to Winton (from Departure ATIS to line-up) Flight from Dublin to Paris (from initial contact to line-up) 49 CHECK for Section Supplementary vocabulary Phases of flight Airport words Airport vehicles 57 CHECK for Section Part Two Take-off to top of climb Distress and urgency messages 61 CHECK for Section

6 2.2 Take-off Take-off (routine) Take-off (non-routine) 69 CHECK for Section Initial climb Initial climb (routine) Initial climb (non-routine) 77 CHECK for Section Climb Climb (routine) Climb (non-routine) 85 CHECK for Section End of climb End of climb (routine) End of climb (non-routine) 91 CHECK for Section Review of Part Two Flight from Rexbury to Winton (take-off and climb) Flight from Dublin to Paris (take-off and climb) 96 CHECK for Section Supplementary vocabulary Words for planes Parts of a plane Cockpit instruments 104 * CHECK for Section Part Three cruise to descent Volmets I I I CHECK for Section En route: position reports En route: position reports (routine) En route (non-routine) 118 CHECK for Section En route: traffic information En route: traffic information (routine) En route (non-routine) 125 CHECK for Section Descent Descent (routine) Descent (non-routine) 134 CHECK for Section Review of Part Three Flight from Rexbury to Winton (en route) Flight from Dublin to Paris (en route) 138 CHECK for Section Supplementary vocabulary Weather words Cabin and safety equipment words 144 CHECK for Section

7 Part Four Approach to parking Arrival (ATIS) 151 CHECK for Section Approach Approach (routine) Approach (non-routine) 160 CHECK for Section Final approach and landing Final approach and landing (routine) Final approach and landing (non-routine) 168 CHECK for Section After landing After landing (routine) After landing (non-routine) 176 CHECK for Section Review of Part Four Flight from Rexbury to Winton (approach and landing) Flight from Dublin to Paris (descent and landing) 180 CHECK for Section Supplementary vocabulary 185 Aviation jobs 185 CHECK for Section Part Five Final review Rexbury to Winton (complete flight) 189 CHECK for Section Dublin to Paris (complete flight) 196 CHECK for Section Tapescrlpt for controller's part and for non-dialogue tasks 203 VII

8 FOREWORD The Radiotelephony Language System A dependence upon dear, concise and unambiguous human speech via radiotelephony (RT) remains, despite considerable technological development, a prominent feature of the control circuits of aviation. Jt is about twenty five years since we abandoned the somewhat cumbersome, yet unambiguous and intra-linguistic *Q Code' with wireless telegraphy and adopted, as standard, that disarmingly familiar, infinitely adaptable and fast moving apparatus, human speech, on RT for medium and long distance flights. RT was clearly an operational necessity and the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) gave early recognition of the need for a standard and unambiguous language system with which to operate it; a language system which required explicit designing and regular updating. The result was the creation and continuing evolution of what is probably the world's most successful semi-artificial international language: English-based RT phraseology and procedures. Despite the considerable linguistic caution which can be inferred from the International Standards and Recommended Practices for Aeronautical Communications contained in ICAO Annex 10 Volume 2 (Communication Procedures) which states that:... in general, the air ground radiotelephony communications should be conducted in the language normally used by the station on the ground. and elsewhere that: pending the development and adoption of a more suitable form of speech for universal use for aeronautical radio telephony communication, the English language should be used as such aлd should be available on request from any aircraft station unable to comply with the previously mentioned provison at all stations on the ground serving designated airports and routes used by international air services. it is fair to say that the spirit of the recommendations has been interpreted correctly and that to all intents and purposes English-based RT is the international 'lingua Franca" of air traffic control. Confidence in the use of this language system is a prerequisite for all pilots and controllers involved in international traffic and a fundamental aim of this course is to provide an aid to gaining and. just as important, maintaining that confidence. Disaffection with RT The utility of RT for aviation is however being questioned by those who believe, with increasing traffic densities, leaving both air traffic controllers and pilots less time for clarifying ambiguous messages, that the operational tolerances of this method of communication have been reached. The proponents of this view look to a radical extension of the role played by devices such as Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) and more recently 'Mode 'S" to more comprehensive data links which arc not speech-dependent. Another view, also critical of RT, reaches a different conclusion. Namely, that whilst purely technical devices like SSR transponders perform a unique and valuable service by declaring an air craft height and identity (without the use of a speech circuit), we are nevertheless a long way from a sufficiently flexible or communicatively powerful data link for air traffic control which can replace human speech on RT entirely. This school of thought believes that it is not the operational tolerances of RT itself which are being reached but rather the operational tolerances of RT as it is currently practised. Thus, by way of illustration, it is not the design of the car but the way it is driven that causes accidents. The truth must inevitably lie between these views. There is, on the one hand, every justification for serious investigation into linguistic or mechanistic enhancements of. or alternatives to, the existing almost totally speech-dependent communications provisions. On the other hand, and more pressing, is the justification for renewed efforts to improve current RT practice. The course assembled here by Fiona Robertson represents a significant contribution to the latter effort by providing pilots and trainee pilots native and non-native speakers of English with easy access to the language system in its most up-to-date form. VIII

9 Impediments to Safe RT The effort which has gone into the preparation of this course and the effort expected or" pilots so achieve a high language competence is justified by the extremely inhospitable operational environment within which the language system must operate. The odds are heavily stacked against fail-safe RT communications. Indeed, with physical impediments such as blocked frequencies and simultaneous transmissions which occasionally inhibit radio contact altogether, propagation noise, background interference, electrostatic noise, the far from ideal acoustic environment of the flight deck, (all of which contribute to the degradation of the signals received by the brain), it is astonishing that RT is as effective as it is. In addition to these not inconsiderable 'physical' impediments, the pilot must be prepared to encounter, cope with, and resist himself, non-standard RT behaviour which seems to be a predictable consequence of the fact that the system is operated by humans not automatons. Standard behaviour does not come naturally even on the purely procedural, as opposed to the linguistic, side, complaints about sloppy RT discipline are commonly heard. For example, clipped transmissions and the neglect of such essential communicative steps as «read-back» at very busy locations. Non-standard linguistic behaviour is perhaps easier to account for. Natural languages are never static, their users impose change continuously. This partly explains why the efforts of well-meaning scholars to create unambiguous and easy-to-learn artificial languages such as Esperanto for international communication have been doomed to failure. RT phraseology goes against nature and has to counter the same influences which are otherwise given free rein in natural language. It is no surprise therefore to find the development of a professional 'gloss' to RT performance characterised by such things as ellipsis (missed out words); the inclusion of catch phrases and well meant additions and the creation of jargon, all of which often result in speech which is incomprehensible or too fast for reliable interpretation, or both. Indeed, the potential for misunderstanding is compounded by the normal conversational inclination to hear what you expect to hear and the almost irrepressible desire to make sense of a message (at any cost). Regional pronunciation variation, often caused by mother-tongue interference, and non-standard articulation generally cause particular problems for non-native speakers o( the base language. It is not (simply) that a single misheard phoneme can comletely destroy the value of an entire message but the time wasting which is incurred where, for example, there is insufficient interpretation of message priority. There are, too. what one might term 'organisational' or 'administrative' impediments which have to be faced by the RT user. For example, ii is frequently reported that in some pans of the world there is severe inadequacy in the language еraining of air traffic controllers; an inadequacy which shows up (he moment messages deviate from the routine. This may not be due entirely to lack of will to learn but also in some part to the lack of guidance on the language requirements for non-routine situations. Clearly, what is required is more than the routine phraseology but less than the totality of the natural language. Resolution of this question requires research similar to that carried out at this College' on maritime VHF. In the meantime we must continue to rely on [he pilot's or a i r traffic controller's native language competence and professional intuition for non-routine situations. For this course Fiona Robertson has, however, distilled some important aspects of this part of the language and provides practice with the more commonly encountered non-routine language. The Call for Standardisation Many of the problems cited have a common theme, a theme which is heard at every gathering of air traffic controller's and pilots; lack of standardisation. As far as the standardisation of the language system and Its operation are concerned there appear to be (at least) four requirements: i) A definitive recommendation by ICAO of what this standard language is for both routine and non-routine situations. ii) Identical interpretation of that standard by national bodies, iii) Worldwide uniformity in training and certification, iv) Measures designed to ensure continued operational adherence to the standard. Wolfson College. Cambridge University. Research program between 198I-19S3. IX

10 The authoritative documents produced under i) and ii) above arе not adequate for training purposes. These are declared reference works. For example, the ICAO Manual of Radiotelephony contains 'examples... intended to be representative of radiotelephony phraseology in common use". For item iii) above to be fulfilled a prerequisite must be the creation of an intermediate document or course with an explicit training function. Until such a document is produced control of what is actually taught is limited and the considerable variation in the methods, standards and subject matter of aviation language teaching will continue to impede efforts to impose an operational standard. The Relevance of this course This material has already proved popular with pilots and some of that popularity seems to be due to the use of *live* recordings which provide 'authentic' practice otherwise unobtainable outside the cockpit. This fulfills one of ICAO's recommendations: '... when the pilot is flying the plane, attention is taken up by things other than searching for the correct RT phraseology. Training for RT must be done elsewhere, not in flight. In flight, the words and phrases must come automatically and understanding must be instantaneous. There is no time today for the "What did he say?" type of dialogue in the cockpit'. During this course the learner may progress through a carefully controlled sequence for IFR traffic in each stage of flight and engage in exercises which graduate from simple four line dialogues to complete flight simulations. There is evidence to suggest a link between the misuse of language and aircraft accidents. It is surprising, in the light of the foregoing list of impediments to good communication, that there is not more such evidence. This could be due in part to the controllers' and pilots' awareness of these impediments and the general realisation that speech over RT is just one more perceptual tool: a tool like any other with limitations. Their reliance on the tool is likely to be proportional to their awareness of those limitations. A thorough grounding in the RT language system, such as this course provides, ought, therefore, to have one further beneficial effect on the learner: an appreciation of the limits and potential dangers of RT. E.J. Wolfson College Communication Unit. X

11 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We should like to thank Mr. A. Fossard for his assistance with technical aspects in the first draft, and the Guild of Air Traffic Controllers for checking the technicalities in the final MS. Any remaining errors are, of course, my own. I am also grateful to the following copyright owners for permission to reproduce charts, illustrations and texts: Air Inter (pp. 101, 107, 144) Jeppesen & Co. GMBH (pp ) The International Civil Aviation Organisation (p. xix) I also wish to express thanks to all my friends and pupils at Air Inter, whose professional expertise is a constant source of information and inspiration for me. F.A.R. XI

12 INTRODUCTION Purpose This course contains a carefully sequenced selection of training materials, giving progressive, systematic practice in radiotelephony phraseology for pilots. The exercises are designed primarily to teach operational fluency in the ROUTINE phraseology for IFR flights. Unlike routine phraseology, the language of NON-ROUTINE situations is not highly predictable. However, practice is also provided for a selection of non-routine situations, plus additional vocabulary work. This course is suitable for pilots or pilot trainees who wish to learn, or revise, the language used for radiotelephony communications. It is particularly suitable for people working at home or in a learning resources centre. All the exercises are self-correcting. Organisation There are five parts to the course. Parts 1 4 trace the normal pattern of a flight as follows: Part One Рге-flight to line-up Part Two Take-off to top of climb Part Three Cruise to descent Part Four Approach to parking Each Part is divided into Sections which follow the normal sequence of events for each stage of a flight. For example, Part One (Pre-flight to line-up) is divided as follows: 1. Departure information 2. Route clearances 3. Start-up 4. Push-back 5. Taxi Each Section is divided into ROUTINE phraseology practice, and then NON- ROUTINE exercises. These events are then followed by a REVIEW, which serves to bring together the phrases learned in each Section. Each Review contains: --- Model Flight Live Traffic AM the exercises build up gradually to Part Five, which is the FINAL REVIEW. In this part there are two simulations of complete flights, one an imaginary model flight, the other based on live traffic. Level of English The minimum level of English required to star! this course is what language teachers call 'lower intermediate',.e. a knowledge of the basic verb tense structures, how to make questions and negative; verb forms, an ability to make simple, correct statements and to understand fairly easy dialogue in other words, the result of about three years of positive learning experience at school. Additionally, the learner should know the international alphabet (Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc.) and the system of numbers used in aviation. The learner should also have a basic knowledge of flying procedures. XII

13 Recordings ICAO CAA DGAC PANS-RAC Except for a few supplementary vocabulary exercises, ALL the exercises in this book are recorded. The recorded exercises are of the following types: a. routine phraseology practice b. non-routine situations c. simulation of a flight with an imaginary scenario d. simulation of a flight using live traffic e. supplementary vocabulary practice All the callsigns and place names used in this book are imaginary» except for those in the live recordings of ATIS, VOLMETS and METARS, and in the Dublin to Paris flight. The sound quality of the live recordings reflects the working environment. It should be emphasised that the live recordings have been chosen, not as exemplary models, but as practice to help learners get to grips with reality. Warning This course is based on a considerable amount of authentic material, but it does not attempt to teach: flying procedures anything about aviation other than English words and phrases used in RT all the words that can be found in any situation during a flight References Throughout the book, references arc given for the ICAO. CAA and DGAC phraseologies. The documents referred to arc: International Civil Aviation Organisation, Manual of Radiotelephony, First Edition 1984, Doc 9432-AN/925 Civil Aviation Authority, CAP413, 1984 edition - Direction Generale de l Aviation Civile, Procedures de Radiotelephony a l Usage de la Circulation Aerienne Generate - Phraseologie, Arrete du 7 Septembre 1984 The ICAO Manual of Radiotelephony has been chosen in preference to the recommendations in the PANS-RAC, as the presentation of short dialogues in the Manual is considerably easier to place in the context of its correct phase of flight than the original recommendations. However, it has occasionally been necessary to return to the source, as it were, for example in the Route Clearances Section. In this case the document referred to is: International Civil Aviation Organisation, Procedures for Air Navigation, Rules of -the Air and Air Traffic Control, XIII

14 NOTES TO THE TEACHER This material can be adapted for use in the classroom, with a tape-recorder, and it is ideal for use in the language laboratory. suggestions for classroom work Key words and phrases Before looking at the list of key words and phrases, find out what students already know-by 'brainstorming', as follows: Write the section title on the board (e.g. Departure ATIS) and ask the class to write down all the words they know related to the subject, first individually, then in pairs. Finally put together the whole class's knowledge of the vocabulary connected with Departure ATIS, either by writing it up on the board or by pinning up pieces of paper used by the class to list their words. Check that all the words mentioned in the book have been covered. If not, teach those that remain. Another approach to this list is to ask the students to organise it into categories. Each student may see a different way to organise the words, but this is not a problem in fact, it can be enriching. Try to help the students to understand that there is no 'right answer' here. The exercise is aimed at helping students remember words by thinking about them, and coming to their own individual decisions about them. Different ways to categorise the Departure ATIS list could be: (i) units, weather words, navigation words; (ii) abbreviations, single syllable words, two syllable words, three syllable words, phrases. Once each student establishes different categories, they can be shown and explained to the rest of the group. Check the pronunciation and accentuation of the words in the list. Typical exchange This presents an analysis of a typical exchange, and it shows the layout of the pilot-controller exchange which will be practised in the exercises. There are paragraph references to some of the official phraseologies. Whenever there arc variations, the ICAO phraseology is used here, but possible variations are described in the NOTES. A useful preparation for the listening and speaking exercises which follow is to elicit this kind of analysis from the class. If that seems too difficult, write up the dialogue layout with a few elements missing. Then ask the class to supply the missing items. Routine phraseology Routine phraseology has been divided into short model dialogues for each phase of flight; and for each phase, the taped material is presented in the same sequence: Listen Listen and Repeat Write Check Listen and Speak Check XIV

15 This sequence has been chosen so that the learner hears and says the phrases before seeing them in print. Since the 'answers' also appear in the book, the learner has to be dissuaded from reading the answers before doing the exercise. With adult learners it is fairly easy to show that the objective is Jo understand the spoken word without written support and hence to accept the discipline of listening and repeating before looking at the written text. However, it would be counter-productive to be too authoritarian in this matter. The learner should take responsibility for his or her own learning, and therefore has a choice whether to accept advice or not. All the material presented here can be used for classroom work or/and language laboratory work. Each section contains minutes of taped material on routine phraseology, the contents of which provide ample material for 1J hours of classwork, including minutes of individual work in the laboratory, or in pairs. The initial Listen and Repeat practice can be usefully done in a group with the teacher correcting pronunciation. The written exercise is important so that the learner knows exactly the words which will be used in the Listen and Speak exercise. The written phrases must therefore be carefully checked. In the language laboratory, time must be given for the writing phase. The Listen and Speak exercise can be practised in pairs with the use of the. Tapescript of Controller's Part (pages ). In pairs, students take turns as the controller and the pilot. With an odd number of students, the odd-one-out could check the 'pilot', using the CHECK pages. In classroom practice of this kind, insist on the use of 'say again' for any parts of messages which are not understood. Non-routine exercises These take the form of listening comprehension followed by 'auto-dictation" blank-fill. The listening comprehension can be done in the classroom, but the blank-лп is best done individually. However, it can be used as a recall exercise, rather than an 'auto-dictation*. Preparation for these exercises can take the form of classroom discussion on possible non-routine situations that could occur at the particular phase of flight, with students recounting any personal experiences they may have had. Supplementary vocabulary exercises Although these are grouped at the end of each Part of the course, they should be used in small doses along with the sections on phraseology. You may want to enlarge these sections with other kinds of activities centred on learning vocabulary. Many of the word games used in general language courses can be adapted to suit specific areas. One could have activities such as: What's My Job in Aviation? (a yes/по guessing game); Describe and Arrange, with matching sets of pictures of different types of planes; aviation crosswords; number games. Suggestions for other activities Remember that for the learner, a little RT practice goes a long way. Never try to cover more than one Routine RT Section and one Non-routine RT Section in one lesson. Classroom time can be usefully spent reviewing basic English structures in an aviation context, for example: describe your last flight (past tense) what do you do before you board the plane (present simple tense)? what are the essential qualities for a pilot ('should*)? how will civil aviation develop in the next 20 years (expressions of futurity)? XV

16 A collection of pictures of planes, airports, ground vehicles, etc. is very useful, as the learner can talk about the pictures within his or her own level of competence. Accident and incident reports always arouse a spark of-interest, although the formal language used in this type of text can be difficult. Always encourage the learners to extend their knowledge of English in general. Routine RT phraseology is not enough to cope with non-routine situations when pilots have to fall back on their own linguistic resources. XVI

17 NOTES TO THE LEARNER HOW TO USE THIS BOOK You will need: the recordings pencil and paper for notes a cassette recorder with index numbers an aviation dictionary A typical Section of the book Example: Departure information (routine) 1 Key Words and Phrases. Check that you understand each word on the list. 2 Typical Exchange. This shows the kind of dialogue that will be practised in the following exercises. You can see on the PILOT side what you will have to say, and on the CONTROLLER side what you will have to understand. There are paragraph references to some of the official phraseologies if you want to see how the language is presented there. There are also NOTES about possible variations. 3 Listen. Put on the cassette, set the index numbers to zero and listen to the dialogue. 4 Listen and Repeat. Repeat the pilot's words. Practise until you can do it easily. Do not look at the Listen and Write Section yet. You must learn to understand the controller's words without looking at the text. Remember, there is no text of the controller's words when you are in the cockpit. 5 Write. Write the pilot's words in the boxes (the controller's words are given). Check with the recording if necessary. 6 Check. Check that your written words are exactly the same as the word in the CHECK section. If there is a mistake, correct it, and listen to the recording again. 7 Listen and Speak. This is a role-play exercise using the same phraseology ;»s the first three exercises (Listen, Listen and Repeat, Write). The example is recorded again, and then you can play the pilot's role for each of the six different flights. The six callsigns arc listed on page 4. If the pauses on the tape are not long enough for you to speak, you can make them longer by stopping the tape, then speaking, then restarting the tape. 8 Check. A correct version of the pilot's words in the Listen and Speak exercise is given in the CHECK section. If the Listen and Speak exercise is difficult at first, you can read aloud from the CHECK section as you play the tape once through, then try again without looking at the CHECK section. Exercises with non-routine situations When you know the routine phraseology very well, you can turn to the non-routine section. Example: Stan-up (non-routine) p Listen and Write. Set the recorder index numbers to zero. Read the question for the first dialogue. Listen to the first dialogue and the question at the end of it. Stop XVII

18 the tape. If you know the answer, write it down; if not, listen again. If the questions seem too difficult, come back to them after the second Listen and Write exercise. Continue in the same way with dialogues 2 and 3. 2 Check. Check your answers to the questions in the CHECK section. 3 Listen and Write. Rewind the cassette to zero (the beginning of the first dialogue) and use the recording for "auto-dictation* to write in the words in the blank spaces. 4 Check. Check your answers by looking at the pilot's words in the CHECK section. Review section Near the end of each Part there is a review of the phraseology learned. The review is done in two simulations. The first is an imaginary scenario, the second is based on live traffic. Example: Flight from Rexbury to Winton (from ATIS to line-up) p Read. Look at the information given to help prepare the flight. 2 Listen and Read. Listen to the tape and follow the information given in the book about the phase of the flight. 3 Listen and Speak. Set the recorder index numbers to zero. Think about the flight information (callsign, route, parking stand) and be ready to play the pilot's role. Have pencil and paper ready to take notes for«clearances. etc. Start the tape and reply to the controller and follow the instructions/on the tape. If you fin'd the pace too fast at first, practise by making the pauses longer stop the tape, speak, then start the tape again. But remember, try again without stopping the machine. 4 Check. Check your words with the model answers. If you want to read the controller's words, you can find them in the Tapescript of Controller's Part, pages Example: Flight from Dublin to Paris (initial contact to line-up) p This simulation uses live traffic. The procedure is the same as for the Rexbury Winton simulation. Maps of the area are given. Study them before you start. These mops ore not to be used for navigation. They are given here to make the simulation as realistic as possible. NOTE: Real time has been compressed in these simulations, and there arc no long pauses without RT. In a real flight there are often quite long periods without RT communications. Supplementary vocabulary At the end of each Part there is practice with supplementary vocabulary. These exercises use various techniques to help you learn words related to the phases of flight practised in the RT sections. These words do not appear in routine phraseology, but they are useful for non-routine situations. The exercises are grouped ai the end of each Part. You may prefer to do them bit oy bit.

19 STANDARD WORDS AND PHRASES (From ICAO Manual of Radiotelephony) The following words and phrases shall be used in radiotelephony communications as appropriate and shall have the meaning given below. ICAO Ref.-2.6 Word/Phrase Meaning Acknowledge Let me know that you have received and understood this message. Affirm Yes. Approved Permission for proposed action granted. Break I hereby indicate the separation between portions of the message. (To be used where there is no clear distinction between the text and other portions of the message.) Break Break 1 I hereby indicate the separation between messages transmitted to different aircraft in a very busy environment. Cancel Annul the previously transmitted clearance. Check Examine a system or procedure. (No answer is normally expected.) Cleared Authorized to proceed under the conditions specified. Confirm Have I correctly received the following...? or Did you correctly receive this message? Contact Establish radio contact with... Correct That is correct. Correction An error has been made in this transmission (or message indicated). The correct version is... Disregard Consider that transmission as not sent. Go ahead : Proceed with your message. How do you read What is the readability of my transmission? I say again I repeat for clarity or emphasis. Monitor Listen out on (frequency). Negative No or Permission not granted or That is not correct. Over My transmission is ended and I expect a response from you. SOTE: Sol normally used in VHF communications. Out This exchange of transmissions is ended and no response is expected. NOTE: Normally used to indicate the end of an exchange of transmissions. Read back Repeat all. or the.specified pan. of this message back to me exactly as received. Rcclcarcd 1 A change has been made to your last clearance and this new clearance supersedes your previous clearance or part thereof. Report 4 Pass me the following information. Request I should like to know.... or I wish to obtain.... Roger I have received all of your last transmission. NOTE: Under no circumstances to be used in reply to a question requiring 'Read back' or a direct answer in the affirmative (Affirm) or negative (Negative). Say again Repeat all, or the following pan. of your last transmission. Speak slower Reduce your rate of speech. Standby Wait and I will call you. Verify Check and confirm with originator. Wilco (Abbreviation for 'will comply'.) I understand your message and will comply with it. Words twice a) As a request; Communication is difficult. Please send every word or group of words twice. b) As information: Since communication is difficult, every word or group of words in the message will be sent twice. AUTHOR'S NOTES 1 Break Break is not used by the CAA in CAP Go ahead is not used by the CAA in CAP4I3; the phrase Pass your message is used instead 3 Recleared is not used in CAP Report in this meaning (pass me the following information) is replaced by Say in the DGAC phraseology regulations. XIX

20 Report for the DGAC means 'make a position report at the following place. Examples: ICAO CTL Report heading CTL Report passing X CTL Next report at A DGAC CTL Say heading CTL Report passing X CTL Next report at A Standard words and Phrases Simplified Meanings Approved I give permission for you to do what you asked. Break This shows the end of the message, and the beginning of another. Break Break This shows the end of the message to one aircraft, and the beginning of another message Cancel Cancel the last clearance I gave you. Check Check a system or procedure. (No answer is normally expected.) Cleared I give permission for you to proceed under the conditions stated. Contact Make radio contact with... Correction There was a mistake in this transmission (or message). The correct version is... Disregard Pay no attention to that transmission. Go ahead Give your message. How do you read Give an estimation of the quality of the transmission on a scale of 1 (unreadable) to 5 (excellent reception). I say again I repeat to make the message clearer. or I repeat because this message is very important. Over My transmission is ended and I expect a reply from you. Out This exchange of transmissions is ended and I do not expect a reply from you. Read back Repeal all of this message back to me exactly as you receive it or Repeat the part of this message I specify, exactly as you receive it. Request want to know... or I want to have... Roger I have received all of your last transmission. (NEVER use 'roger' in reply to a question which needs read-back, or an answer 'affirm' or 'negative'.) Say again Repeal your last transmission or Repeat the part of your last transmission that I specify. Verify Check and confirm with me.

21 Part One Pre-flight to line-up

22 1.1 DEPARTURE INFORMATION Departure Information (routine) Key words and phrases Check that you understand all the words and phrases in this list. Look up any new words in an aviation dictionary. ЮАО ref CAA ref DGAC ref ATIS (Automatic Terminal Information Service) surface wind temperature dew point runway runway in use gusting visibility no sig (no significant change) kilometres (km) feet (ft) degrees knots plus minus centigrade mist millibars (mb) QNH CAVOK (ceiling and visibility OK) ILS (Instrument Landing System) noise abatement procedure transition level okta cumulo nimbus wet braking action trend RVR (runway visual range) threshold taxi way SID (standard instrument departure) hectopascal flock of birds Typical exchange PILOT CONTROLLER 1. call control name of control callsign request data 2. control replies aircraft callsign runway wind direction & strength temperature, dew point - QNH 3. pilot replies readback callsign NOTE5 The controller usually gives the information in the following order: runway in use, wind direction and strength, visibility, temperature, dew point, QNH, other information. The pilot generally reads back the essential bits wind data, QNH and runway number. 3

23 PANS RAC refs DGAC ref Phraseology practice Listen If the airport has no ATIS (Automatic Terminal Information Service) recording, the pilot must ask for departure information. Listen to the recording. Listen and Repeat Listen again and repeat the pilot's words. Write Complete the text below by writing in the pilot's words. Check with the recording if necessary. 1 call conirol control replies SF398, runway in use 29, wind knots, gusting 30, temperature 12 dew point 10, runway is wet, braking action good, QNH x 3 pilot replies Check Check your answers, page 7. Listen and Speak Take the part of the pilot, ask for departure data in the same way, and give the read-back. Listen to the example. Continue in the same way for the following flights. Start with the example again. Callsigns 1 SF398 2 KM563 3 SV295 4 CV159 5 JD460 6 EN926 Check Practise this exercise several rimes. When it seems easy, and you think your answers are all correct, check them, page Departure Information (ATIS) A typical ATIS recording Some airports have separate departure and arrival ATIS, and others have one for both arrival and departure. The different items in the ATIS also vary according to the weather. A typical ATIS has the following items. Those in brackets () depend on the weather and the type of information. 4

24 airport name information code time runway(s) in use (runway condition: wet, snow, slush, ice, braking action) transition level (operational information: expect departure, flocks of birds, restricted areas, etc.) wind direction (in degrees) and strength (in knots) visibility in metres, kilometres up to 'ten kilometres or more (RVR) (present weather: mist; fog, snow, drizzle, etc.) (cloud cover in oktas, height of base of clouds in feet or metres) (CAVOK, pronounced 'CAV-O-KAY') temperature and dew point QNH (QFE) trend («no sig» or expected weather changes) (extra information) Listen and Read text. If the weather is good, the ATIS recording is short. Listen and follow the This is Heathrow departure information N, 1109 hours weather, 330, IS knots, temperature +2, dew point 3, QNH 1021 millibars, departure runway 28R. If the weather is poor, the recording is longer. Listen to this example of an ATIS recording This is Orly information H, recorded at 1300 Z time. ILS approach runway 07, take-off runway 08, expected 3V standard departure, transition level is 50. Wind knots, visibility 7 kilometres, ceiling 5 oktas at 700 metres and 7 pktas at 1800 metres. Temperature - I, dew point -4, QNH 1008, QFE 997. Roissy is facing East. At first contact advise you have received information H; and caution taxiway 2A, taxiway 2JA and В area closed. Remember that you can listen several times to an ATIS recording. Phraseology practice Listen and Write Before start-up or before taxi, the pilot listens to the ATIS. If there is no ATIS, the controller gives the latest weather data. Listen to the following ATIS recordings and make notes for each one in the tables below, as in the examples. You will have to listen more than one time to each one to get all the details. А wind 270* 19, temp 6, DP3, QNH1001, runway 29 B wind, temp _, DP, QNH, runway C 5

25 D Е F G Check When you think you have all the correct details, check your answers from texts on page 8. 1 Heathrow E, 200* 09, 21 09, 1017, Heathrow 3 Heathrow 4 De Gaulle 5 Orly 6 Frankfurt 7 Athens 8 Hamburg Check When you think you have all the correct details, check your answers from the texts on page 8. Remember that you will have to listen several times to each ATIS, 6

26 1.1 CHECK l.1.l Write (from page 4) 1 call control Ground, SF398, request departure information. 2 control replies SF398, runway in use 29, wind knots, gusting 30, temperature 12, dew point 10, runway is wet, braking action good, QNH pilot replies knots, QNH 1023 runway 29, SF Listen and Speak (from page 4) The dotted lines (... ) show when [he controller speaks. 1 PIL Ground, SF398, request departure information. CTL... PIL knots, QNH Runway 29. SF PIL Ground, KM 563, request departure information. CTL... PIL knots, QNH 1008, runway 08, KM PIL Ground, SV 295, request departure information. CTL... PIL knots, QNH 1014, runway 23, SV PIL Ground, CU 795, request departure information. CTL... PIL Wind calm, QNH 1015, runway 33 Right, CU PIL Ground JD 460, request departure information CTL... PIL knots, gusting to 25, QNH 1005, runway 19 Left, JD PIL Ground, EN 926, request departure information CTL... PIL knots, QNH ] f 019. runway 21, EN 926 7

27 I.I.2 Listen and Write, 1 (from page 6) A Departure information: texts of the ATIS recordings. This is Rexbury departure information Alpha, hours weather, surface wind 270,19 knots, temperature 6 dew point 3, QNH 1001,departure runway 27 В С D... departure information Bravo, hours, takeoff runway 04R, wind knots, temperature 25, dew point 18, QNH departure information Charlie, runway in use for takeoff 23, knots! QNH 1017, temperature 27, dew point departure information Delta, take-off runway 25, knots, QNH lo02 temperature 04, dew point 04. E... departure information Echo, runway in use 36, wind knots gusting to 25, temperature 12, dew point 09, QNH F G... departure information Foxtrot, hours weather, surface wind knots gusting to 20, temperature 8, dew point 6, QNH 1011 millibars, departure runway departure information Golf, take-off runway 28R, knots, visibility 10 km or more, 1 okta 7000 feet, temperature + 1, dew point 3, QNH 1022, no sig Listen and Write, 2 (from page 6) Texts of ATIS recordings 1 This is Heathrow Departure information E, hours weather, knots; temperature +21, dew point +09, QNH 1017 millibars, departure runway 28L 2 This is Heathrow Departure information B, hours weather knots temperature 24, dew point 12, QNH 1017 millibars, departure runway 28L. 3 This is Heathrow Departure information Z, hours weather, knots, temperature 26, dew point + 11, QNH 1017 millibars, departure runway 28L 4 This is de Gaulle at time 13Д0, information I. Landing runways 09 and 10, take-off runways 09 and 10, expect SID3G or 3H, braking action is good. Transition level 50, wind knots, visibility 7 kilometres, ceiling 4 oktas 3000 feet, 7 oktas 8900 feet, temperature -0, dew point -5, QNH 1008, QFE threshold , threshold , confirm I received on your first contact. 5 This is Оrlу Е information, record ILS approach landing runway 07, takeoff runway 08, transition level 50, Roissy facing East, expect 3V departure, caution flock of birds on airfield, wind knots, visibility 4000 metres, mist, ceiling 3 oktas 900 metres, 3 oktas 7500 metres, temperature -2, dew point -4, QNH 1006, QFE 995, confirm E with first contact with Orly. 6 Frankfurt information A, time Runways in use 25, 18, transition level 60, met report as of 15.20: wind knots, visibility 20 kilometres and recent snow shower, cloud 3 oktas 2700, 3 oktas 9000 feet, temperature 1, dew point - 1 centigrade, QNH 1015, hectopascal equals inches, trend no sig. Warning for Frankfurt, weather announcement tomorrow morning 6 o'clock, strong winds 320 at 15 knots gusts up to 34 knots, information A out. 7 This is Athens Airport information S. Weather report hours: wind knots, CAVOK, temperature 27, QNH 1011 mb, 2985 inches, transition level 65. Runway in use

28 33R, taxiway Charlie between runway 33R and taxiway Bravo closed. It is reminded to follow strictly the noise abatement procedures. 8 Good day, this is Hamburg Tower, information Y. Runway for take-off 34, for landing 23, transition level 50. Met report as of 13.20: wind 310 with 7 knots, visibility 10 km, cloud 1 okta cumulo nimbus at 1500 ft, 5 oktas at 1800 ft. temperature - 1, dew point -2, QNH 1027 mb, trend no significant change. Additional information: all departing aircraft are requested to squawk А4405 when airborne and runway is wet and braking action good. Hamburg information Y, out

29 1.2. ROUTE CLEARANCES PANS-RAC 3/3/1 DGAC Key words and phrases that you understand all the words and phrases in this list. new words in an aviation dictionary. Check Look up any flight planned route left/right turn out climb maintain *request level change en route airborne squawk *cleared Heading АТС (Air Traffic Control) Clearance SID (standard instrument departure) Approach Initially Frequency flight level (FL) *contact (*These words are explained in the section on Standard Words and Phrases, page; xix xx.) Typical exchange PILOT CONTROLLER 1 control calls - aircraft callsign -offers clearance 2 pilot replies - 'ready to copy' 3 route clearance - callsign - name of ground station - 'clears 1 aircraft callsign - to (destination) -Avia flight planned route' -standard departure ( additional details) -level instructions -frequency to contact after departure -squawk number 4 read back callsign cleared to (destination) Avia flight planned route* standard departure ( additional details) level instructions 5 control replies frequency - 'that is correct' squawk number - aircraft callsign

30 NOTES 'Additional details' added to a standard departure usually-just repeat some essential points (e.g. left/right turn out after departure; climb on runway heading to...) or may contain a modification. Level instructions in route clearances often contain restrictions (e.g. 'FL190 initially, request level change en route). Phraseology practice Listen Route clearance is given before engine start-up or during taxiing. Listen to the recording. Listen and Repeat Listen again, take notes, and repeat the pilot's words. Write Complete the text below by writing in the missing words. Check with the recording if necessary. pilot replies 1 соntrol calls SF196, here is your clearance. readback 3 route clearance Rexbury АТС clears SF196 to Winton via flight planned route, November 2 departure, left turn out after departure, climb to and maintain FL250, request level change en route, contact when airborne, and squawk control replies That is correct SF196. Check Check your answers, page 12. Listen and Speak Take the pilot's part and reply to the controller for the following flights: 1 SFI96 to Winton 2 Sunair 926 to Paris Charles dc Gaulle 3 Sunair 831 to Winton 4 Sunair 4J5 to Rexbury 5 Sunair 921 to Rexbury Check Practise this exercise several times. When it seems easy, and you think your replies are correct, check your answers, page

31 CHECK 1.2 Write (from page 11) 2 pilot replies "Ready to copy, SF readback SF196, cleared to Winton, flight planned route, N2 departure, turn left after departure FL250, request level change en route, when airborne, and squawk control calls SF196, here is your clearance. 3 route clearance Rexbury АТС clears SFI96 to Winton via flight planned route, N2 departure, left turn out after departure, climb to and maintain FL 250, request level change en route, contact when airborne, and squawk control replies That is correct SF1$6. Listen and Speak (from page 11) The dots indicate the controller's part. 1 CTL... PIL Ready to copy SF196. CTL... PIL SF196 cleared to Winton, flight planned route. November 2 departure, FL250 turn left after departure, request level change en route, when airborne squawk CTL... PIL Ready to copy, Sunair 926. CTL... PIL Sunair 926 cleared to Paris Charles de Gaulle via Upper Red 10, Depart 31, FL290, when airborne. 3 CTL... PIL Ready to copy, Sunair 831 CTL... PIL Sunair 831 cleared to Winton, flight planned; route, Romeo 1 departure, Turn left after departure, FL210 initially, request level change en route, when airborne. 4 CTL... PIL Ready to copy, Sunair 435. CTL PIL Sunair 435 cleared to Rexbury, Oscar 3 departure, to climb on runway heading) to FLI60, squawk 1537, when airborne. 12

32 CTL... РЕ. Ready to copy, Sunair 921. CTL... PIL Sunair 921 cleared to Rexbury, Whisky 1 departure, flight planned route, FL180 initially, request level change en route, squawk 1525, when airborne. _ 13

33 1.3 START-UP Start-up (routine) Key words and phrases ICAO ref CAA ref DGAC ref i Check that you understand all the words and phrases in this list. Look up any new words! in an aviation dictionary. *go ahead stand *approved *standby Gate destination *say again stand number callsign slot slot time at your discretion expect call you back (*These words are explained in the section on Standard Words and Phrases, pages xix xx.) Typical exchange PILOT 1 call control name of ground station callsign greeting 3 pilot replies callsign stand number ATIS information code request start-up name of destination 5a pilot replies 'starting up / callsign 5b -pilot replies 'standing by' callsign 3 or CONTROLLER 2 control replies -- 'go ahead' -- callsign 4a control replies aircraft callsign 'start-up approved' 4b control replies aircraft callsign 'stand by for start' NOTE In control reply 2, the controller may use: aircraft callsign, name of ground station, greeting; or name of ground station, greeting, aircraft callsign. 14

34 Phraseology practice Listen Listen to the recorded dialogue. Listen and Write Listen to the dialogues on the tape. Write down the callsign, stand (or gate), information code and destination in the table below. No. Callsign Stand/Gate ATIS Information Destination Check Check your answers from the texts on page 20. Listen and Repeat Listen to the first two dialogues again, and repeat the pilot's words. Write Complete the texts of the dialogues by writing in the pilot's words below. Listen to the recording again if necessary. I a call control 2 control replies Go ahead, SFI53. 3 pilot replies 4 control replies SF153, start-up approved. 5 pilot replies (b) 1 call control 2 control replies Go ahead FBG. 3 pilot replies 4 control replies FBG, stand by for sun. 5 pilot replies 15

35 ICАО ref CAA ref DGAC ref Check Check your answers, page 21. Listen and Speak Now look again at the table you filled in on page 15. Using the recording, ask for start-up for each flight, and reply to the controller. Listen to the example. Then continue in the same way, starting with the example again. Check Check your answers, page 20. Typical exchange PILOT CONTROLLER (a) 1 pilot calls callsign stand number request start-up for (destination) (b) (c) 2 control replies aircraft callsign instruction to start up at (time) 3 pilot replies Roger readback start-up instructions - callsign or 1 pilot calls callsign stand number request start-up for (destination) 2 control replies aircraft callsign expect departure at (time) start up 'at your discretion' 3 pilot replies Roger expecting departure at (time) callsign or 1 pilot calls callsign stand number request start-up for (destination) 3 pilot replies Roger slot time (time) callsign 2 control replies aircraft callsign slot time (time) start up 'at your discretion' 16

36 Phraseology practice Listen Ac a busy airport, there is often a queue for departure, and the controller has a sic; for each flight. Listen to the recording. Listen and Repeat Listen again and repeat the pilot's words. Write Complete the dialogues by writing in the pilot's words. (a) 1 pilot calls 3 pilot replies 2 control replies SF153, stan up at 35. (b) I pilot calls 2 control replies FBG, expect departure at 45, start up at your discretion. 3 pilot replies (c) 1 pilot calls 2 control replies AG235, slot time 55, start up at your discretion. 3 pilot replies Check Check your answers, page 21 17

37 Listen and Speak Look at a longer version of the table you filled in on page 15. Data for 10 flights. No. Callsign Stand/Gate ATIS Destination 1 SF153 B5 J Athens 2 FBG C8 К New York 3 AG235 gate 21 M Frankfurt 4 THI A9 с Rome, Fiumiccino 5 NUM gate D7 I Cairo 6 WJD 13 L London, Heathrow 7 ESQ 5 P Palma 8 KVX A4 R Copenhagen 9 YFL 19 D Algiers 10 OPR B6 F Madrid Ask for start-up for each flight, and reply to the controller. Listen to the example. Then continue in the same way. Start with the same example. Check Check your answers, page Start-up (non-routine) Listen and Answer "Listen to the dialogues and write down the answers to these questions. There is one question for each dialogue. 1. Why does the pilot ask for an early start-up? 2. How long is the delay and for what reason? 3. Why does the pilot want to delay his departure? Check Check your answers, page

38 Listen and Write Listen again to the same dialogues and complete the texts below: 1 РП- Rexbury Ground, Sunair, good morning start-up. CTL Sunair 670, departure 50, for start. PIL start-up quickly please. We've got in the CTL Stand by one. CTL Sunair 670, start-up PIL Starting up. 2 PIL Rexbury Ground, Sunair 539, good morning, to start. CTL Good morning Sunair 539, there's a this morning due to a, your is PIL 09.45, roger, Sunair PiL Rexbury Ground, Sunair 692, good morning start-up. CTL Good morning Sunair 692,. start-up. PIL (readback) PIL (at 25) Sunair 692, we wish to delay our start-up due to We have one passenger.. CTL Roger, Sunair 692. Check Check your answers, page 23. Your word list Write down any words in the dialogues you do not understand, or are not sure about. Try to guess the meaning, in English or in your own language, and write it down. Then check with a dictionary-. Make your own vocabulary notebook, like this: Words or expressions Your idea about the meaning Dictionary meaning 19

39 CHECK SECTION Write (from page 15); also Listen and Speak (page 16) 1 PIL Winton Ground, Sierra Foxtrot 153, good morning. CTL... PIL Sierra Foxtrot 153, stand Bravo 5, information Juliet, request start-up for Athens. CTL... PIL Starting up, S ierra Foxtr ot PIL Winton Ground, Foxtrot Bravo Golf, good morning. CTL... PIL Foxtrot Bravo Golf, stand Charlie 8, information Kilo, request start-up for New York. CTL... PIL Standing b y, F oxtr ot Bravo Golf. 3 PIL Winton Ground, Alpha Golf 235, good morning. CTL... PIL Alpha Golf, gate 2 1, infor mation Mike, requ est start-up for Frankfurt. CTL... PIL Gate 2 1, Alpha Golf. CTL... PIL Starting up. Alp ha Golf PIL Winton Ground, Tango Hotel India, good morning. CTL... PIL Tango Hotel India. CTL... PIL Tango Hotel India, stand Alpha 9, information Charlie, request start-up for Rome Fiumiccino. CTL... PIL Standing b y. Tango Hot el India. 5 PIL Winton Ground, November Uniform Mike, good morning. CTL... PIL Novemb er Uniform Mike, gate Delta 7, information India, request start-up for Cairo. CTL... P I L Gate Delta 7, November Uniform Mike. CTL... PIL Standing by, November Uniform Mike. CTL.... PIL Starting up, November Uniform Mike. ' 6 PIL Winton Ground, Whisky Juliet Delta, good morning. CTL... PIL Whisky Juliet Delta. CTL... 20

40 PIL Whisky Juliet Delta, stand 13, information Lima, request start-up for London, Hearhrow. CTL... PIL Starting up, Whisky Juliet Delta Write (from page 15) (a) I call control Winton Ground, SF153, good morning. 3 pilot replies SF153, stand B5, information J, request start-up for Athens. 5 pilot replies Starting up, SF153. (b) I call control Winton Ground, FBG, good morning, 3 pilot replies FBG, stand C8. information K, request start-up for New York. 5 pilot replies Standing by FBG. 2 control replies Go ahead. SF control replies SF153, sian-up approved. 2 control replies Go ahead, FBG. 4 control replies FBG, stand by for start Write (from page 17) (a) 1 pilot calls SF153, stand B5, request start-up for Athens. 2 control replies SF153, start-up at pilot replies Roger, start-up at 35, SF153. (b) 1 pilot calls FBG, stand C8, request start-up for New York. 3 pilot replies Roger, expecting departure at 45, FBG 2 control replies : FBG, expect departure at 45, start-up at your discretion. 21

41 (с) 1 pilot calls AG235, gate 21, request start-up for Frankfurt. 3 pilot replies Roger, slot time 55, AG control replies AG235, slot time 55, start-up at your discretion Listen and Speak (from page 18) 1 PIL Sierra Foxtrot 153, stand Bravo 5, information Juliet, request sun-up for Athens. CTL... PIL Roger, start-up at 35, Sierra Foxtrot PIL Foxtrot Bravo Golf, stand Charlie 8, information Kilo, request start-up for New York. CTL... PIL Roger, departure at PIL Alpha Golf 235, gate 21, information Mike, request start-up for Frankfurt. CTL... PIL Roger, slot time 55, Alpha Golf PIL Tango Hotel India, stand Alpha 9, information Charlie, request start-up for Rome Fiumiccino, CTL... PIL Roger, departure at 05, Tango Hotel India. 5 PIL November Uniform Mike, Gate Delta 7, information India, request start-up for Cairo. CTL... PIL Gate Delta 7, November Uniform Mike. 6 PIL WJD, stand 13, information L, request start-up for London, Heathrow. CTL... PIL Whisky Juliet Delta. CTL... PIL Roger, slot time 10, WJD. 7 PIL ESQ, stand 5, information P, request start-up for Palma. CTL... PIL Roger, start-up at 50, ESQ. 8 PIL KVX, stand A4, information R, request start-up for Copenhagen. CTL... PIL Starting up, KVX. 9 PIL YFL, stand 19, information D, request start-up for Algiers. CTL... PIL Roger, slot time 15, YFL. 22

42 10 PIL OPR, stand B6, information F, request stan-up for Madrid. CTL :... PIL Stand B6, OPR. SECT. CTL... 1 PIL Roger, departure at 25, OPR Listen and Answer (from page 18) 1. Why does the pilot ask for an early start-up? There is livestock on board. 2. How long is the delay and for what reason? A 55 minute delay due to a computer failure. 3. Why does the pilot want to delay his departure? Because of a baggage identification process due to a missing passenger Listen and Write (from page 19) 1 PIL Rexbury Ground, Sunair 670, good morning, request start-up. CTL Sunair 670, expect departure 50, I'll call you back for start. PIL Could we start-up quickly please. We've got livestock in the hold. CTL Standby one. CTL Sunair 670, start-up approved. PIL Starting up. 2 PIL Rexbury Ground, Sunair 539, good morning, ready to start. CTL Good morning Sunair 539, there's a 55 minute delay this morning due to a com puter failure, your slot time is PIL 09.45, roger, Sunair PIL Rexbury Ground, Sunair 692, good morning, request start-up. CTL Good morning Sunair 692, slot time 35, start-up 10 minutes before. PIL Slot time 35, start-up 10 minutes before, Sunair 692. PIL (at 25) Sunair 692, we wish to delay our start-up due to passenger baggage identification process. We have one passenger missing. CTL Roger, Sunair

43 1.4 PUSH-BACK push-back (routine) ICAO ref. 4.3 CAA ref. 4.4 DGAC ref Key words and phrases Check that you understand the following words and phrases; hold position pass behind before after Typical exchange (a) PILOT I callsign 'request push-back' 'from (stand number) 1 3 'pushing back' callsign CONTROLLER 2 aircraft callsign 'push-back approved' (b) 1 callsign 'request push-back" 'from (stand number)' 3 'holding position' calisign 2 aircraft cajisig 'expect minutes delay' 'due (reason)' Phraseology practice Listen Listen to the recorded dialogues. Listen and Repeat Listen to the dialogues again and repeat the pilot's words. Write Complete the texts of these dialogues by writing in the pilot's words. (a) 1 call control 2 control replies SF153, roger, push-back approved. 3 pilot replies

44 1 call control 2 control replies FBG, expect 2 minutes delay, due 747 taxiing behind. 3 pilot replies Check Check your answers, page 27. Listen and Speak Ask for push-back for flights 1-6 below. Listen to the example, then continue in the same way, starring with the example again. Callsign Parkins stand 1 SF153 B5 2 FBG C8 3 AG235 gate 21 4 THI A9 5 NUM gate D7 6 WJD 13 Check Practise this exercise several times. When it seems easy, and you think it is all correct, check your answers, pace Push-back (non-routine) Listen and Answer Listen to the dialogues and write down the answers to these questions. There is one question for each dialogue 1. Where is the 747 going? 2. What is causing problems? 3. Why will there be a delay? Check Check your answers, page 28. Listen and Write Listen again and complete the texts below. 1 PIL Sunair 559, request push-back. I CTL Sunair 559, there's a 747 to and, after him, PIL After the 747, pushing back. 25

45 2 PIL Sunair 310, we're with the We're waiting for CTL Roger Sunair 310, call me back when 3 PIL Sunair 892, we're going to be. The seems to have. CTL Roger Sunair 892, call me back for taxi when you've got it Check Check your answers, page 28. Your word list Write down any words in the dialogues you do not understand, or are not sure about. Try to guess the meaning, in English or in your own language and write it down. Then check with a dictionary.

46 CHECK Write (from page 24) (a) 1 call control SFI53, request push-back, stand B5. 3 pilot replies Pushing back, SF153. (b) 1 call control FBG, request push-back, stand C8. 3 pilot replies Holding position, FBG. 2 control replies SF153, roger, push-back approved. 2 control replies FBG, expect 2 minutes delay, due 747 taxiing behind Listen and Speak (from page 25) 1 PIL SF153, request push-back from stand B5. CTL... PIL Pushing back, SF PIL FBG, request push-back from stand C8. CTL... PIL Holding position, FBG. CTL... PIL Pushing back, FBG. 3 PIL AG235, request push-back from gate 21. CTL... PIL Holding position, AG PIL THI, request push-back from stand A9. CTL... PIL Pushing back, THI. 5 PIL NUM. request push-back from gate D7. CTL... PIL Holding position, NUM. CTL... PIL Holding position, NUM. 6 PIL WJD, request push-back from stand 13. CTL PIL Holding position, WJD. CTL... PIL Stand 13, WJD. CTL... PIL Holding position, WJD. 27

47 1.4.2 Listen and Answer (from page 25) 1. Where is the 747 going? It is passing behind to park. 2. What is causing problems. The tow-bar. 3. Why will there be a delay? The tug has broken down Listen and Write (from page 25) 1 PIL Sunair 559, request push-back. CTL Sunair 559, there's a 747 to pass behind and park behind, after him, push-back approved. PIL After the 747, pushing back. 2 PIL Sunair 310, we're having problems with the tow-bar. We're waiting for another one. CTL Roger Sunair 310, call me back when ready. 3 PIL Sunair 892, we're going to be delayed for a while. The tug seems to have broken down. CTL Roger Sunair 892, call me back for taxi when you've got it sorted out.

48 1.5 TAXIING Taxi (routine) ICAO ref. 4 4 CAA ref. 4 5 DGACrefs Key words and phrases Check that you understand all die words and phrases in this list. Look up any new words in an aviation dictionary. first second third turning on your right/left give way overtake follow straight ahead intersection in front of you turn off Phraseology practice Look, Listen and Write Listen to the taxi instructions, look at the diagrams and identify which aircraft the instructions apply to. Write the correct aircraft in the table. Example: 1. Take the second turning on the left. This instruction applies to aircraft November, so write N beside Instruction 1 in the table. Instruction number Aircraft 29

49

50

51 ICAO ref 4.4 САА ref. 4.5 DGAC ref Check Check your answers, page 37. Look and Speak This time, take the controller's pan and give the taxi instructions. Look at the diagrams on pages and give taxi instructions to the aircraft named on the tape, like this: Example: A (Alpha) Go straight ahead at the intersection. Stan with the example again, you will hear the correct instructions on the tape after you have spoken. Check Check your answers, page Taxi (routine exchanges) Typical exchanges PILOT CONTROLLER (a) 1 pilot calls callsign request for taxi 2 controller replies callsign instruction to taxi via taxiway (code name) to holding point (runway name) 3 pilot replies read back callsisn 5 pilot replies traffic in sight callsign (pause). 4 control calls callsign give way to (aircraft type) passing (direction) 32

52 (b) 1 pilot calls callsign request taxi 3 pilot replies read back callsign 2 control replies callsign instruction to taxi via taxiway to holding point (pause) 4 pilot calls callsign approaching holding point (clearance limit) request cross runway (runway name) 6 pilot replies holding short callsign 8 pilot replies callsign cross runway 5 control replies callsign negative hold short runway 7 control calls callsign cross runway. report vacated 9 pilot calls callsign runway vacated NOTES --In practice, the language used for taxi instructions is affected by each particular airport layout. --In pilot reply (b) 8, DGAC regulations use 'crossing' instead of 'cross'. --Position of callsign in pilot replies. This conforms to the ICAO and CAA publica tions (DGAC does not use callsigns in its regulations). In general, it seems the callsign comes at the end when the pilot expects a break to come in the dialogue with control. --There is a time lapse and/or dialogue with other traffic between: pilot reply 3 and control call in (a) 4 pilot reply 3 and pilot call in (b) 4 pilot reply 6 and control call in (b) 7 pilot reply 8 and pilot call in (b) 9 33

53 Phraseology practice Listen Listen to the recorded dialogues. Listen and Repeat Listen and repeat the pilot's words. Write Complete the texts by filling in the pilot's words. Check with the tape if necessary. (a) 1 pilot calls 3 pilot replies 2 control replies SFI33, taxi via runway C, to holding point 29L. 4 control calls SF133, give way to the 747 passing left to right. 5 pilot replies (b) 1 pilot calls 2 control replies SFI33, taxi via taxiway С to holding point 29L. 3 pilot replies 4 pilot calls 5 control replies SF133, negative, hold short runway 29L. 6 pilot replies 7 control calls SF133, cross runway 29L, report vacated. 8 pilot replies 9 pilot calls

54 Check Check your answers, page 38. Listen and Speak Ask for taxi instructions and reply to the controller. Listen to the example and continue in the same way. starting with the example again. Your callsign is SF133. Check Practise this exercise several times. When it seems easy, and you think it is all correct, check your answers, page Taxi (non-routine) Listen and Answer Listen to the dialogues and answer these questions. There is one question for each dialogue. 1. Which runway must the pilot backtrack, and which runway must he cross? 2. What crossed in front of the plane and where was it going? 3. Why must the plane pull in? 4. Why does the aircraft have, to wait for the 'follow me'? Check Check your answers, page 40. Listen and Write Listen again and complete the texts below: 1 P1L Sunair 978, request taxi. CTL Sunair 978,, call me back. PIL (readback) PIL Sunair 978, reaching runway 32. CTL Sunair 978 runway 32. PIL runway PIL Sunair 978, a dog the taxiway. CTL Sunair 978, was it going? PIL. CTL Thank you Sunair 978, we'll try to get someone.. 35

55 3 CTL Sunair 385,, there's a Concorde, PIL Sunair CTL Sunair 497, You. Wait there. PIL Sunair 497, wilco. Check Check your answers, page 40. Your word list Write down any words in the dialogues you do not understand, or are not sure about. Try to guess the meaning in English or in your own language, and write it down. Then check with a dictionary.

56 CHECK Listen and Write (from page 29) Instruction number Aircraf 1 N 2 A or J 3 C 4 I 5 K 6 F 7 O 8 P 9 D Look and Speak (from page 32) A (Alpha) Go straight ahead at the intersection. С (Charlie) Give way to the aircraft on your left. D (Delta) Follow the aircraft in front of you. G (Golf) There's an aircraft overtaking you on your right. H (Hotel) Taxi straight ahead. I (India) Take the first turning on the right, К (Kilo) Give way to the aircraft on your right. L (Lima) Take the third turning on the right. M (Mike) Take the second turning on the right. N (November) Take the second turning on the left. О (Oscar) Take the first left turn-off. P (Papa) Take the third turning on the left.

57 1.5.2 Write (from page 35) (a) 1 pilot calls SF133, request taxi. 2 control replies SF133, taxi via taxiway С to holding point 29L. 3 pilot replies Taxiway С to holding point 29L, SF pilot replies Traffic in sight, SF control calls SF133, give way to the 747 passing left to right. (b) 1 pilot calls SF133, request taxi. 2 control replies SF133, taxi via taxiway C, to holding point 29L. 3 pilot replies Taxiway С to holding point 29L, SF pilot calls SF133, approaching holding point 29L, request cross runway 29L. 6 pilot replies Holding short, SF pilot replies SF133, cross runway 29L. 5 control replies SF133, negative, hold short runway 29L. 7 control calls SF133, cross runway 29L, report vacated. 9 pilot calls SF133, runway vacated. 38

58 1.5.2 Listen and Speak (from page 35) 1 PIL SF133, request taxi. CTL PIL Taxiway С to holding point 29L, SFI33. CTL... PIL Traffic in sight, SFI33. 2 PIL SFI33, request taxi.... CTL... PIL Taxiway С to holding point 29L. PIL SF133, approaching holding point 29L, request cross runway 29L. CTL... PIL Holding short, SF133. CTL... PIL SF133, cross runway 29L. PIL SFI33, runway vacated. 3 PIL SF133. request taxi. CTL... PIL Taxi to holding point runway 09, traffic in sight, SF133. CTL... PIL Following the 767, SF133.., 4 PIL SF133, request taxi. CTL... PIL Taxiway E to holding point runway 18, SF133. CTL... PIL Hold at next intersection, traffic in sight, SFI33. PIL SFI33 approaching holding point runway 18, request cross runway IS. CTL... PIL SF133, cross runway 18. PIL SFI33, runway vacated. 5 PIL SF133, request taxi. CTL... PIL Taxiway I to holding point runway 31, traffic in sight, SF133. CTL... PIL Expediting, SFI33. PIL SFI33, approaching holding point runway 3 1, request cross runway 31. CTL... PIL Holding short, SF133. CTL... PIL SF133, cross runway 31. PIL SF133, runway vacated. 6 PIL SF133 r request taxi. CTL PIL Taxiway D to holding point runway 14, SF133. CTL... PIL Hold at next intersection, traffic in sight, SF

59 1.5.3 Listen and Answer (from page 35) 1. Which runway must the pilot backtrack, and which runway must he cross? He must backtrack runway 11, and cross runway What crossed in front of the plane and where was it going? A large dog crossed in front going from right to left. 3. Why must the plane pull in? The plane must pull in to allow a Concorde to overtake on the left. 4. Why does the aircraft have to wait for the 'follow me'? He missed the correct taxiway Write (from page 35) 1 PIL Sunair 978, request taxi. CTL Sunair 978, taxiway D4, cross runway 32, backtrack to threshold runway 11, call me back reaching 32. PIL Taxiway D4, backtrack 11, call you back reaching 32, Sunair 978. PIL Sunair 978, reaching intersection with runway 32. CTL Sunair 978, cross runway 32. PIL Crossing runway PIL Sunair 978, a large dog has just crossed the taxiway ahead of us. CTL Sunair 978, which direction was it going? PIL It crossed from right to left. CTL Thank you Sunair 978, we'll try to get someone to catch it. 3 CTL Sunair 385, pull in to the right, there's a Concorde overtaking you, on your left. PIL Pulling in, Sunair 3S5. 4 CTL Sunair 497, you've gone too far. You missed taxiway D4. Wait there for the 'follow me' car. PIL Sunair 497. wilco. 40

60 1.6 LINE-UP Line-up (routine) Key words and phrases Check that you understand the following words and phrases. Look up any new words in an aviation dictionary. ICАО ref CAA ret DGAC ref holding point wait on final in sight landing behind hold short number 2 for departure negative departure Typical Exchanges (a) PILOT 1 pilot calls callsign position (holding point ) 3 pilot replies 'lining up' callsign CONTROLLER 2 control replies callsign instruction 'line up and wait' (b) 1 pilot calls callsign position 3 pilot replies callsign ' (aircraft type) in sight' 2 control replies callsign 'report the sight' (aircraft type) on final 4 control replies callsign 'behind the landing on final line up behind 5 pilot replies behind the landing line up callsign 41

61 (с) 1 pilot calls callsign position 3 pilot replies 'holding short' number 2 for departure callsign 2 control replies callsign 'hold short of the runway* you're number 2 for departure after the (aircraft type) 5 pilot replies 'lining up' callsign 4 control calls callsign line up and wait NOTES In control reply (b) 4 and pilot reply (b) 5, the CAA phraseology is: 4. (control replies) callsign 'after that (aircraft type) line up' 5. (pilot replies) 'after the (aircraft type) line up' callsign Phraseology practice Listen Listen to dialogue (a). Listen and Repeat Repeat the pilot's words. Listen Listen to dialogue (b). Listen and Repeat Repeat the pilot's words. Listen Listen to dialogue (c). Listen and Repeat Repeat the pilot's words. Write Write in the missing words. Listen to the tape again if necessary (a) 1 pilot calls SF153, 28R. 2 control replies 3 pilot replies SF153, line up and wait. 42

62 (b) 1 Рilot calls FBG control replies FBG, report the Airbus on final in sight. 3 pilot replies 4 control replies FBG, behind the landing Airbus on final, line up behind. 5 pilot replies (c) 1 pilot calls AG235, _ control replies AG235, hold short of the runway, you're number 2 for departure after the Airbus. 3 pilot replies 4 control calls AG235, line up and wait. 5 pilot replies Check Check your answers, page 45. Listen and Speak Using the information below, call the Tower from the correct holding point and reply to the instructions, as in the recorded example. No Callsign SF153 FBG AG235 ESQ KVX YFL OPR ZE692 Holding point 28R L Check Practise this exercise several times. When it seems easy, and you think it is all correct, check your answers, page

63 1.6-2 Line-up (non-routine) Listen and Answer Listen to the dialogues and answer the questions below. There is one question for each dialogue. 1. Why can't the aircraft line up? 2. Why can't the aircraft line up? 3. Why does the pilot ask to return to the stand? Check Check your answers, page 46. Listen and Write Listen again and complete the texts below; 1 PIL Sunair 329,. 32. CTL Sunair 329, line up and.. PIL Sunair 329, we have a, the seems to be CTL Do you require a? PIL Affirm. Request to tow us back to the apron. 2 PIL Sunair 473, holding point 18 Left. CTL Suggest you hold there the is rapidly approaching of the runway. PIL Wildo, Sunair PIL Sunair 968, holding point 29, request return to the arc. CTL Roger, Sunair 968, turn in the take the first onto J. PIL. turn onto J. Check Check your answers, page 47. Your word list Write down any words in the dialogues you do not understand, or are not sure about. Try to guess the meaning, in English or in your own language, and write it down. Then check with a dictionary.

64 CHECK Write (from Page 43) (a) 1 pilot calls SF153, holding point 28R. 2 control replies SF153, line up and wait. 3 pilot replies Lining up, SF153. (b) 1 pilot calls FBG, holding point control replies FBG, report the Airbus on final in sight. 3 pilot replies FBG, Airbus in sight. 4 control replies FBG, behind the landing Airbus on final, line up behind. 5 pilot replies Behind the landing Airbus, line up, FBG. (c) 1 pilot calls AG235, holding point control replies AG235, hold short of the runway, your're number 2 for departure after the Airbus. 3 pilot replies Holding short, number 2 for departure, AG control colls AG235, line up and wait. 5 pilot replies Lining up, AG235,

65 1.6.1 Listen and Speak (from page 43) 1 PIL Sierra Foxtrot 153, holding point 28R. CTL.... PIL Lining up. Sierra Foxtrot PIL Foxtrot Bravo Golf, holding point 19. CTL...:... PIL Foxtrot Bravo Golf, Airbus in sight. CTL... PIL Behind the landing Airbus line up, Foxtrot Bravo Golf. 3 PIL Alpha Golf 235, holding point 25. CTL PIL Holding short, number 2 for departure, Alpha Golf 235. CTL... PIL Lining up. Alpha Golf PIL Echo Sierra Quebec, holding point 13 Left. CTL... PIL Echo Sierra Quebec, 767 in sight. CTL... PIL Behind the landing 767 line up, Echo Sierra Quebec. 5 PIL Kilo Victor X-ray, holding point 05. CTL... PIL Holding short, number 2 for departure. Kilo Victor X-ray. CTL... PIL Lining up. Kilo Victor X-ray. 6 PIL Yankee Foxtrot Lima, holding point 33. CTL... PIL Lining up, Yankee Foxtrot Lima. 7 PIL Oscar Papa Romeo, holding point 18. CTL... PIL Holding position, number 2 for departure, Oscar Papa Romeo. CTL... PIL Lining up, Oscar Papa Romeo. 8 PIL Zulu Echo 692, holding point 09. CTL... CTL... PIL Lining up, Zulu Echo Listen and Answer.(from page 44) 1. Why can't the aircraft line up? The nose wheel steering is jammed. 2. Why can't the aircraft line up? There is a thunderstorm approaching the far end of the runway. 3. Why does the pilot ask to return to the stand? The brakes are overheating. 46

66 1.6.2 listen and Write (from page 44) I PIL Sunair 329, holding point 32. CTL Sunair 329, line up-and wait. (pause) PIL Sunair 329, we have a problem, the nose wheel steering seems to be jammed. CTL Do you require a tug? PIL Affirm. Request tug to tow us back to the apron. 2 PIL Sunair 473, holding point 18 Left. CTL Suggest you hold there for a few minutes, the thunderstorm is rapidly approaching the far end of the runway. PIL Wilco, Sunair PIL Sunair 968, reaching holding point 29, request return to stand, the brakes are overheating. CTL Roger, Sunair 968, turn in the holding bay, take the first convenient left turn, onto taxiway Juliet. PIL Left turn onto taxiway Juliet.

67 1.7 REVIEW OF PART ONE Routine phraseology review Start-up and push-back Write The dialogue for start-up and push-back has been mixed up. Put it into the correct sequence: (1) Sunair 369, request push-back from C6. (2) Starting up, Sunair 369. (3) Sunair 369, stand C6, information Fox, request start-up for Winton. (4) Sunair 369, push-back approved. (5) Sunair 369, start-up approved. (6) Sunair 369, hold position, I'll call you back. (7) Go ahead Sunair 369. (8) Rexbury Ground, Sunair 369, good morning. Check Check your answers, page 00. Taxi and line-up Write Put the dialogue for taxi and line-up into the correct sequence. (1) Holding point 12, Sunair 369. (2) Sunair 369, line up and wait. (3) Winton Ground, Sunair 369 ready to taxi. (4) Lining up, Sunair 369. (5) Reaching holding point 12, Sunair 369. (6) Sunair 369, taxi to holding point 12. Check Check your answers, page Flight from Rexbury to winton {from departure ATIS to line-up) Scenario Winton is 1200 nautical miles East of Rexbury. The alternate for Winton is Overby, 75 Bau'JcaJ miles North West of Winter;.! ; c л-bridgc Airport is 50 miles South Eas; of Rexbury. 48

68 Rexbury Airport Winton Airport Runway: 29 Runways: 07, 12 Taxiways: Yankee, Delia Taxiways: Inner/Outer SID's: November 2, Romeo 1, Golf 5 Tower frequency: Tower frequency: Winton Radar frequency: Approach frequency: Approach frequency: Rexbury Area Control: Ground frequency: VOR-RED (Redhill) En route New County Upper Control: Valley Control: Meadow Control: Reporting points RIV (River) BCK (Blackrock) LAK (Lake) RED (Redhill) Listen and Read You are flying from Rexbury to Winton. Your callsign is Sunair 367 your stand is 19. The time is The recording begins with ATIS information, and then asks you to make initial contact with Rexbury Ground. Listen and Speak Follow the instructions on the tape, and reply to the controller. Check Check your answers, page Flight from Dublin to Paris (initial contact to line-up) Listen and Read Flight plan details: cailsign: SF309 reporting points: Liffy Wallasey Telba Midhurst Study the maps provided on pages before you start. Runways at Dublin; 1 1, 17 and 23. Note that the callsign letters Sierra Foxtrot arc often abbreviated to Sierra Fox. Listen and Speak Take the pilot's pan, follow the instructions on the tape and reply to the controller. The exercise contains route clearance, so you must be ready to copy (have pencil and paper ready). The exercise starts with initial contact with Dublin Ground Control. Check Check your answers, page 54.

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70

71

72 CHECK Start-up and push-back 1 Write (from page 48) PIL Rexbury Ground, Sunair 369, good morning. (8) CTL Go ahead Sunair 369. (7) PIL Sunair 369, Stand C6, information F, request start-up for Winton. (3) CTL Sunair 369, start-up approved. (5) PIL Starting up, Sunair 369. (2) PIL Sunair 369, request push-back- from C6. (1) CTL Sunair 369, push-back approved. (4) CTL Sunair 369, hold position, I'll call you back. (6) Taxl and line-up Write (from page 48) PIL Winton Ground, Sunair 369 ready to taxi. (3) CTL Sunair 369, taxi to holding point 12. (6) PIL Holding point 12, Sunair 369. (I) PIL Reaching holding point 12, Sunair 369. (5) CTL Sunair 369, line up and wait. (2) PIL Lining up, Sunair 369. (4) Listen and Speak (from page 49) ATIS This is Rexbury departure information Foxtrot at Zulu time. Take-off and landing runway 29, wind knots, CAVOK, temperature 14, dew point 11, QNH 1023, no sig. This was information Foxtrot. PIL Rexbury Ground, Sunair 367, good afternoon. CTL... PIL Sunair 367, stand 19, information Fox received, request start-up. CTL... PIL Stand 19, Sunair 367. CTL... PIL Starting up, Sunair 367. CTL... PIL Ready to copy, Sunair 367. CTL... PIL Sunair 367 is cleared to Winton via flight planned route. Golf 5 departure, climb to FL110 initially, level change en route. CTL PIL Sunair 367, request push-back CTL... PIL Holding point 29, taxiway D, Sunair 367. CTL... PIL Tower on 118.3, goodbye. PIL Rexbury Tower, Sunair 367, good afternoon, reaching holding point 29. CTL... 53

73 PIL Sunair 367, 727 in sight. CTL... PIL Behind the landing 727 line up, Sunair Listen and Speak (from page 49) PIL Dublin Ground, SF3O9. CTL... PIL We'll be ready to start-up in 20 minutes, SF309. CTL... PIL SF309, What is the departure runway? CTL... PIL Runway 17, knots. CTL... PIL Ready to copy, SF309. CTL... PIL SF309, cleared to Paris Orly, via Liffy Blue 1, flight planned route, FL230 to request level change. CTL... PIL Backtrack runway 11, Dublin Tower 118.6, SF309, goodbye. PIL Dublin Tower, SF309, good morning. CTL... PIL Backtrack 11, expediting, approved to line up and wait runway 17. CTL... 54

74 1.8 SUPPLEMENTARY VOCABULARY Phases of flight Write Put the different phases of flight in the correct sequence, filling in the table below. climb take-off descent start-up approach cruise push-back final approach taxi take-off roll touch-down line-up no. phase of flight I II 12 Check Check your answers, page

75 1.8.2 Airport Words Look and Write Look at the pictures and write down the number that corresponds to these words. No. No.. terminal building holding bay/area. intersection high-speed turn-off. satellite runway tower holding point jetway passenger steps taxiway threshold Check Check your answers, page 58 56

76 1.8.3 Airport vehicles Read and Write Look at the list of phrases in the table which describe different vehicles found at an airport. Match them with the list of vehicles under the table, and write in the names of each vehicle. it helps you not to get lost used at push-back used for electrical power at the parking stand for extinguishing fires to clear the tarmac on winter days it carries fuel it carries food it takes passengers to the plane like a huge bus which rises to the level of the door shuttle bus fuel tanker GPU (ground power unit) FOLLOW ME van mobile lounge Check Check your answers, page 58. catering truck snow plough fire truck tug 57

77 CHECK Write (from page 55) Look and Write (from page 56) No. 6 terminal building 3 intersection II satellite 5 tower 7 jetway 1 taxiway No. 10 holding area/bay 4 high-speed turn-off 2 runway 12 holding point 8 passenger steps 9 threshold Read and Write (from page 57) it helps you not to get lost FOLLOW ME van used at push-back used for electrical power at the parking stand for extinguishing fires to clear the tarmac on winter days it carries fuel it carries food it takes passengers to the plane like a huge bus which rises to the level of the door tug GPU fire truck snow plough fuel tanker catering truck shuttle bus mobile lounge

78 Part Two Take-off To top of climb

79 DISTRESS AND URGENCY MESSAGES NОТЕ: Each Incident in real life is different and must be evaluated separately. The exercises in this section are designed to practise language, not procedure. ICAO ref CAA ref DGAC ref Read Study the following definitions: Distress: a dangerous situation requiring immediate assistance. Urgency: a dangerous situation not requiring immediate assistance. For example: Uncontrollable engine fire is a distress situation. A passenger taken seriously ill is an urgency situation. Read and Write Classify these incidents into the 'distress' or 'urgency* category, and write them in the table below. total electrical failure depressurisation fire in the hold fire in the toilets fuel endurance 10 minutes at initial approach phase a bomb scare injuries among passengers and cabin crew after severe turbulence engine flameout bird ingestion at initial climb, one engine shut down wheel well fire passenger with a heart attack Distress Urgency Check Check your answers, page

80 Read and Write Look at this list of possible incidents durine flight. Think of actions you might take to solve each problem. Problem Possible action 1. total electrical failure 2. depressurisation 3, fire in the hold 4. fire in the toilets 5. fuel endurance very low 6. a bomb scare 7. severe icing 8. injuries among passengers and cabin crew after severe turbulence 9. engine flameout 10. bird ingestion after take-off 11. wheel well fire 12. passenger with heart attack 62 Now look at this list of possible actions to solve the problems. Choose an action for each problem and write it in the table above. The same answer may be used several times. look for a doctor on board and land as soon as possible put on oxygen mask and make an emergency descent land immediately release fire bottle and land immediately ask for priority landing change level look for VMC conditions and land return to the airport try to extinguish the fire and land immediately land immediately try to make an airstart Check Check your answers, page 6-4. Read Distress messages should consist of: 1. MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY 2. aircraft identification 3. description of the emergency 4. intention of the pilot 5. position, level and heading 6. other information

81 Urgency messages should have the same elements, with 'MAYDAY' replaced by PAN PAN PAN PAN PAN PAN 1. PAN PAN, PAN PAN, PAN PAN - : 2. aircraft identification 3. description of the emergency 4. intention of the pilot 5. position, level and heading 6. other information Listen and Read Listen to the recorded examples of distress and urgency messages. Read You are flying from Rexbury to Winton on a twin engined jet aircraft. The flight time is about 2 hours; alternate for Winton is Overby, situated 75 miles North-West of Winton. Newbridge airport is 50 miles South-East of Rexbury. Winton is 1200 miles East of Rexbury. Listen and Speak Look at the following flight details and situations. Decide on the appropriate action, and call control. You will hear a version of each call after you speak. 1 Sunair miles West of Winton FL310 depressurisation 2 Sunair miles East of Rexbury FL280 bomb scare 3 Sunair miles East of Rexbury FL190 bird ingestion one engine shut down 4 Sunair miles North East of Rexbury FL140 wheel well fire Check Check your answers, page 64. (There are no 'right answers' because there are so many variables in real life, but you can compare the possible answers with your own.) 63

82 CHECK 2.1 Read and Write (from page 61) Distress total electrical failure fire in the hold fire in the toilets wheel well fire depressurisation Urgency fuel endurance 10 minutes at initial approach a bomb scare injuries among passengers and cabin crew engine flameout bird ingestion passenger with a heart attack (Remember, each real situation is different so the 'answers' to this exercise may be different) 2.1 Read and Write (from page 62) Problem Possible Action 1. total electrical failure look for VMC conditions and land 2. depressurisation put on oxygen mask and make an emergency descent 3. fire in the hold land immediately 4. fire in the toilets try to extinguish the fire and land immediately 5. fuel endurance very low ask for priority landing 6. a bomb scare land immediately 7. severe icing change level 8. injuries among passengers and cabin crew after severe turbulence look for a doctor on board and land as soon as possible 9. engine flameout try to make an airstart 10. bird ingestion after take-off return to the airport 11. wheel well fire release fire bottle and land immediately 12. passenger with heart attack look for a doctor on board and land as soon as possible 64

83 Listen and Speak (from page 63) 1 MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY, Sunair 664. Emergency descent due to depressurisation. Squawking A7700. Position 60 miles west of Winton. Leaving flight level 310 descending to flight level 100 over. 2 PAN PAN, PAN PAN, PAN PAN, Sunair 967. We are coming back to Rexbury. There seems to be a bomb on board. Position 40 miles East of Rexbury, heading 270, flight level 280. Request priority landing and emergency services. 3 Sunair 663, Rexbury Control 20 miles East of Rexbury. Flight level 190, we are coming back. We have shut down one engine due to bird ingestion. Request descent SEC and landing data at Rexbury. 4 MAYDAY MAYDAY MAYDAY, Sunair 525. We have a fire warning on the main gear. Request emergency landing at Rexbury. Our position is 15 miles North East of Rexbury, flight level

84 2.2 TAKE-OFF таке-off (routine) Key words and phrases Check that you understand all the words in this list. Look up any new words in an aviation dictionary. ICAO ref E CAAref DGAC ref immediate report immediately stop obstructing calm vacate cancel vehicle Typical exchange I PILOT call control -- callsign ready to depart 3 pilot replies readback clearance ( wind data) callsign CONTROLLER 2 control replies aircraft callsign clearance wind direction & strength NOTES The pilot can omit the wind data in the reply. In pilot reply 3, DGAC variant is 'taking off; ICAO and CAA use 'cleared to takeoff, Phraseology practice 1 Listen Listen to the dialogue on the tape. Listen and Repeat Listen and repeat the pilot's words. Write Complete the dialogue below by writing in the pilot's words. Check with the tape if necessary. I call control 3 pilot replies 2 control replies SF153, cleared for takeoff, wind knots.

85 Check Check your answers, page 71. Listen and Speak Get take-off clearance for the flights below, and reply to me controller's instructions. Listen to the example and then continue in the same way, starting with the example again. No. Callsign 1 SF153 2 FBG 3 AG235 4 ESQ Check Check your answers, page 71. Typical exchange If the controller wants to stop the departure or vacate the runway quickly, the exchange looks like this: PILOT 1 call control callsign "ready to depart" 3 pilot replies readback clearance ( wind data) callsign CONTROLLER 2 control replies aircraft callsign ---clearance wind direction & strength 5a pilot replies intention (either take off or vacate) callsign 4a control calls aircraft callsign instruction to take off or vacate or 4b control calls -- aircraft callsign -- instruction to hold -- Cancellation of take-off 5b pilot replies - «holding» or - callsign 4c control calls -- callsign repeated 5c pilot replies -- instruction to stop --«stopping» --callsign 68 67

86 1 SF153 5 МРН 2 FBG 6 RST 3 AG235 7 DNO 4 JDI 8 UCQ Check Check your answers, page Take-off (non-routine) Listen and Answer Listen to the dialogues and write down the answers to these questions. There is one question for each dialogue. 1. Why was the take-off abandoned? 2. Why did the controller stop the take-off? 3. Why was the take-off aborted? Check Check your answers, page 73. Listen and Write Listen again and complete the texts below. 1 CTL Sunair 332, cleared to take-off,. PIL Taking off, Sunair 332. PIL Sunair 332 Take-off abandoned, due to. CTL Do you request taxi to the Sunair 332? PIL, request return to parking area. 2 PIL Sunair 596, ready for departure. CTL Sunair 596, cleared to take-off,. PIL Sunair 596, taking off. (pause) CTL Sunair 596, coming from left main f gear. PIL Sunair 596 stopping. PIL Sunair 596,., request. 3 PIL Sunair 879, take-off due to We slightly off the runway. 69

87 CTL Sunair 879, are you able to? PE. Negative, the right gear is Request and to take the passengers to the CTL Roger, Sunair 879, we'll get a to come out to you as well. Check Check your answers, page 74. Your word list Write down any words in the dialogues you do not understand, or are not sure about. Try to guess the meaning in English or in your own language, and write it down. Then check with a dictionary. 70

88 CHECK Listen and Write (from page 66) (a) 1 call control SF153, ready for departure. 3 pilot replies Cleared for take-off, 290 е 12 knots, SF control replies SFI53. cleared for take-off, wind knots Listen and Speak (from page 67) 1 PIL SF 153 ready for departure. CTL... PIL Cleared for take off, knots, SF PIL FBG ready for departure. CTL... PIL Cleared for take-off, 200, 8 knots, FBG. 3 PIL AG235 ready for departure. CTL... CTL... PIL Cleared for take-off, wind calm, AG PIL ESQ ready for departure. CTL... PIL Cleared for take-off, 005, 19 knots, ESQ Write (from page 68) (a) I call control SF153 ready for departure. 3 pilot replies Cleared for take-off, SF pilot replies Taking off, SFI53. 2 control replies SFI53, cleared for take-off, wind 290' 12 knots, report airborne. 4 control calls SF153, take-off immediately or vacate runway. 71

89 (b) 1 call сопtrol FBG ready for departure 2 control replies FBG cleared for Lake off, wind knots. 3 pilot replies Cleared for take-off, knots FBG. 4 control calls 5 pilot replies Holding, FBG. FBG, hold position, cancel take-off, I say again, cancel take-off. (c) 1 call control AG235 ready for departure. 3 pilot replies Cleared for take- off, wind calm, AG235 control replies AG235 cleared for take-off, wind calm. 4 control calls AG235, stop immediately, AG235, stop immediately. 5 pilot replies Stopping, AG Listen and Speak (from page 69) : 1 PiL SF153 ready for departure. CTL... PiL Cleared for take-off, knots, SF153 CTL... PIL Taking off, SF

90 2 РIL FBG ready for departure CTL... PIL Cleared for take-off, knots, FBG. CTL... PIL Holding FBG. 3 PIL AG235 ready for departure. CTL... PIL Cleared for take-off, wind calm, AG235. CTL... PIL Stopping, AG PIL JDI ready for departure. CTL... PIL Cleared for take-off, knots, JDI. CTL... PIL Stopping JDI. 5 PIL MPH ready for departure. CTL... PIL Cleared for take-off, 150 II knots, MPH. CTL... PIL Taking off (or 'vacating runway'), MPH. 6 PIL RST ready for departure. CTL... PIL Cleared for take-off, knots, RST. CTL... PIL Holding, RST. 7 PIL DNO ready for departure. CTL... PIL Cleared for take-off, knots, DNO. CTL... PIL Stopping, DNO. 8 PIL UCQ ready for departure. CTL... PIL Cleared for take-off, knots, UCQ. CTL... PIL Holding, UCQ. 222 Listen and Answer (from page 69) 1. Why was the take-off abandoned? It was abandoned because of engine failure. 2. Why did the controller stop the take-off? He stopped the take-off because of fire in the left main gear. 3. Why was the take-off aborted? It was aborted due to a tyre blow-out. 73

91 2.2.2 Listen and Write (from page 69) 1 CTL Sunair 332, cleared to take-off, wind knots, РIL. Taking off, Sunair 332. PIL Sunair 332 stopping. Take-off abandoned, due to engine failure. CTL Do you request taxi to the parking area Sunair 332? PIL Affirm, request return to parking area. 2 PIL Sunair 596, ready for departure. CTL Sunair 596, cleared for take-off, wind calm. PIL Sunair 596, taking off. (pause) CTL Sunair 596, stop immediately, I say again, stop immediately, flames coming from left main gear. PIL Sunair 596 stopping PIL Sunair 596, activating escape slides, request emergency services. 3 PIL Sunair 879, take-off aborted due to tyre blow-out. We slid slightly off the runway. CTL Sunair 879, are you able to taxi off the runway? PIL Negative, the right gear is bogged down. Request passenger steps and buses to take the passengers to the terminal. CTL Roger, Sunair 879, we'll get a tug to come out to you as well. 74

92 2.3 INITIAL CLIMB initial climb (routine) Key words and phrases Check that you understand all the words and phrases in this list. ICAO ref CAA ref DGAC ref present heading so as to cross continue climb change until on track expedite report reaching report passing correction Typical exchange PILOT 2 pilot replies readback heading readback level callsign 4 pilot replies readback of frequency callsign greeting CONTROLLER 1 control calls aircraft identification airborne lime heading instructions level instructions 3 control continues frequency change greeting NOTE There may be a pause, or/and communication with other traffic between pilot reply 2 and control call 3. In this case, of course, control starts with the aircraft callsign, as a new exchange is starting. Phraseology practice Write Here is a list of various instructions given during the climb. Listen to the tape, identify each instruction on the list, and write the number beside it. 75

93 Instruction Number on tape A Climb to flight level 190. В Climb on present heading. С Climb straight ahead. D Climb on track to Delta. E Turn right, heading 190. F Turn left, heading 190. G Climb so as to cross Delta at flight level 190. H Continue present heading until flight level 150. I Expedite climb to flight level 190. Check Check your answers, page 79. Listen and Speak Listen to the instructions on the tape. Reply to the instructions like this, begining with the examples again. 1. CTL Turn left heading 190 PIL Left heading CTL Climb to flight level 220. PIL Climbing to flight level 220. Check Check your answers, page 79. Listen Listen to the dialogue on the tape. Listen and Repeat Listen and repeat the pilot's words. Write Complete the dialogue below by writing in the pilot's words. If necessary, listen to the tape again. 1 control calls SF153, airborne 33, turn right heading 130, Continue climb to flight level pilot replies 3 control continues Contact 125.8,goodbye. 4 pilot replies 76

94 Check Check your answers, page 79. Listen and Speak Reply to the instructions given to the following flights. Listen to the example, then continue in the same way, starting with the example again. Callsigns 1 SF153 4 OPR 2 AG235 5 DNO 3 YFL 6 ZE692 Check Check your answers, page initial climb (non-routine) Listen and Answer Listen to the three dialogues and write down the answers to these questions. There is one question for each dialogue. 1. Why have they shut down an engine? 2. Why are they returning? 3. What must they do before returning to Rexbury? Check Check your answers, page 80. Listen and Write Listen again and complete the texts below. 1 PJL Sunair 670, Rexbury Approach, we've no. I engine after a. We're CTL Do you require Sunair 670? PIL Negative, there is no. Sunair 670. CTL Roger, Sunair 670, turn left heading PIL Sunair 539, we're returning. We seem to have a the has just. Request and.. CTL Roger, Sunair 539, I'll call you back. CTL Sunair 539, you're call Tower on PiL 118.5, Sunair 539. ' 3 PIL Sunair 281, we have an. We intend to to Rexbury, but we 40 tons of fuel first. 77

95 CTL Roger, Sunair 281,, at 5000 feet, right over Forest. PEL Sunair 281, 5000 feet over forest. (pause) PIL Sunair 281, reaching forest, ready to dump fuel. CTL Roger, go ahead Sunair 281, break.. All aircraft, Rexbury Control, in progress, DC8, Forest VOR, flight below 5000 feet 10 nautical miles of PIL Sunair 281, fuel dumping completed, request approach to Rexbury. Check Check your answers, page 80. Your word list Write down any words in the dialogues you do not understand, or are not sure about. Try to guess the meaning, in English or in your own language, and write it down. Then check with a dictionary. 78 CHECK

96 2.3.1 Listen and Write (from page 76) Instruction No. A 5 В 6 С 1 D 7 E 2 F 4 G 3 H 8 I Listen and Speak (from page 76) 1. Left heading Climbing flight level Climbing straight ahead. 4. Left heading Climbing on track to Papa. 6. Climbing to flight level Right heading Climbing to cross Zulu at Present heading until flight level Climbing on track to Zulu. 11. Expediting climb to flight level Write (from page 76) 2. pilot replies Right heading 130, climbing level 150, SF153 1 control calls SF153, airborne 33, turn right heading 130,continue climb to flight level pilot replies SF153, goodbye! 3 control continues Contact goodbye 79

97 2.3.1 Listen and Speak (from page 77) 1 CTL... PIL Right heading 130, climbing to 150, SF153. CTL... PIL 125.8, SF153, goodbye. 2 CTL... PIL Climbing on present heading to FLllO, AG235. CTL... PIL 129.6, AG235, goodbye. 3 CTL... PIL Left heading 230, expediting to FL70, YFL. CTL... PIL 129.7, YFL, goodbye. 4 CTL... PIL Climbing to cross November at FL90, OPR. CTL... PIL 128.6, OPR, goodbye. 5 CTL... PIL Right heading 190, climbing to FLI30, DNO. G* О *-J ' CTL... PIL 132.9, DNO, goodbye. 6 CTL... PIL Climbing on present heading to FLI30, ZE692. CTL... PIL 134.2, ZE 692. goodbye Listen and Answer (from page 77) 1. Why have they shut down an engine? Because of a bird strike/bird ingestion. 2. Why are they returning? There is a wheel well fire. 3. What must they do before returning to Rexbury? They must dump fuel Listen and Write (from page 77) 1 PIL Sunair 670, Rexbury Approach, we've shut down no. 1 engine after a bird strike. We're coming back. CTL Do you require landing priority, Sunair 670?. PIL Negative. There is no fire warning, Sunair 670. CTL Roger, Sunair 670, turn left heading PIL Sunair 539, we're returning. We seem to have a wheel well fire the warning light has just flashed on. Request priority landing and emergency services. CTL Roger, Sunair 539, I'll call you back. CTL Suna i r 539, you're number one to land, call Tower on PIL 118.5, Sunair

98 3 PIL Sunair 281, we have аn engine failure. We intend to return to Rexbury, but we have to dump 40 tons of fuel first. CTL Roger, Sunair 281, proceed to fuel dumping area, at 5000 feet, right pattern over Forest. Report when reaching. РIL. Sunair 281, 5000 feet over Forest. (pause) PlL Sunair 281, reaching Forest, ready to dump fuel. CTL Roger, go ahead Sunair 281, break. All aircraft Rexbury Control, fuel dumping in progress, DC8, on radial 240 Forest VOR, ranging 14 to 20 nm, avoid flight below 5000 feet within 10 nautical miles of fuel dumping track. PlL Sunair 281, fuel dumping completed, request approach to Rexbury. 81

99 2-4 CLIMB Climb (routine) Key words and phrases Check that you understand all the words in this list. Look up any new words in a dictionary. ICAO refs CAA refc DGACreFs heading flight level reach good morning good afternoon good evening goodbye maintain present heading report Typical exchange sequences PILOT 2 pilot replies frequency callsign greeting 1 pilot calls name of ground station callsign greeting 3 pilot replies callsign level (or altitude) heading 5 pilot replies rcadback climb instructions readback heading instructions callsign 6 pilot calls causign - level.-. (pause) 8 pilot replies readback level callsign.. 10 pilot replies -: readback level greeting callsign change of frequency CONTROLLER control calls aircraft callsign new frequency greeting control replies go ahead callsign control climb instructions heading instructions control replies aircraft callsign further climb instructions 9 control - new frequency greeting 82

100 NOTES Greetings: Greetings like 'good morning', 'good afternoon' in the first call, and 'good bye at the end of an exchange are very commonly used. They do not appear in official phraseologies, but good morning, 'good afternoon or 'good evening' replaces how do you read?' at initial contact; and 'goodbye replaces 'over' or 'over and out'. The greetings are a little bit of human exchange, and quite often the speaker will translate them into the language of the receiver ('bonjour') to a French person, buenas dias' to a Spaniard, etc.). Use of callsigns: In control reply 2, the controller may use: aircraft callsign, name of ground station, greeting; or name of ground station, greeting, aircraft callsign. Once contact is made, the callsign can be omitted until the end of the exchange (CAA ref ; (b)), so numbers 4 and 9 have no callsigns here. At initial contact, the pilot says the name of the ground station first, then the aircraft callsign, as in pilot call 1. When the pilot calls a ground station another time, the aircraft callsign comes first, and the name of the ground station is normally unnecessary (pilot call 6). At the end of an exchange, when the pilot is 'signing off, the callsign is at the end, e.g. pilot replies 5 and 10. Order of items in readbacks: In readbacks there is a strong tendency for the pilot to put the most important (the most immediate) instruction first. So in pilot reply 5, the readback of heading instructions may come first, followed by the readbacks of climb instructions. Phraseology practice Listen Listen to the dialogue. Listen and Repeat Listen and repeat the pilot's words. Write Complete the dialogue below by filling in the pilot's words. Check with the tape if necessary. control calls SF153, contact Delta Control on 128.7, goodbye. 2 pilot replies change of frequency 1 pilot calls 2 control replies -.Go ahead, SF pilot replies 83

101 5 pilot replies control Climb to (light level 210, report reaching Maintain present heading. 6 pilot calls (pause) control replies Roger, SF153, climb to level pilot replies control Change now 129.4, goodbye. 10 pilot replies Check Check your answers, page 86. Listen and Speak Take the pilot's part and reply to the controller's instructions on the tape. Listen to the example, then reply in the same way using the data for the following flights. Start with the example again. Callsign Present Heading flight level 1 SF AG YFL OPR DNO ZE Check Check your answers, page

102 2.4.2 Climb (non-routine) Listen and Answer Listen to the dialogues and write down the answers to these questions. There is one question for each dialogue. 1. What was the cause of the turbulence? 2. Why does the controller want the pilot to change his rate of climb? 3. What is the emergency, and what immediate action are they taking? Check Check your answers, page 88. Listen and Write Listen again and complete the texts below. 1 PIL Sunair 928. we've just come through some What kind of traffic is there? CTL It must ve been,there s a 747,although was provided. 2. CTL Sunair 596,? PIL. CTL traffic, FL180 at the? PIL FL180, Sunair PIL MAYDAY MAYDAY MAYDAY, Winton Control, Sunair 165, we have, we are to FL30, leaving FL310, left of Green 4, Newbridge for, please., 040, Winton VOR. Check Check your answers, page 88. Your word list Write down any words in the dialogues you do not understand or are not sure about. Try to guess the meaning, in English or in your own language and write it down. Then check with a dictionary. 85

103 CHECK Listen and Write (from page 84) 2 pilot replies 128.7, SF153, goodbye. 1 control calls SF153, contact Delta Control on 128.7, goodbye. (change of frequency)- 1 pilot calls Delta Control, SF153, good morning. 2 control replies Go ahead, SF pilot replies SF153, flight level 90, heading control Climb to flight level 210,.report reaching, maintain present heading. 5 pilot replies Climbing level 210, maintaining present heading, SF153. (pause) i 6 pilot calls SF153, reachmg level pilot replies Climbing level 310, SF153, 7 control replies Roger, SF153, climb to level control Change now 129.4, goodbye. 10 pilot replies 129.4, SF153, goodbye. 86

104 2.4.1 Listen and Speak (from page 84) 1 CTL... PIL 128.7, Sierra Foxtrot 153, goodbye. PIL Delta Control, Sierra Foxtrot 153, good morning. CTL... PIL Sierra Foxtrot 153, flight level 90, heading 130. CTL... PIL Climbing level 210, maintaining present heading, Sierra Foxtrot 153. PIL Sierra Foxtrot 153, reaching level 210. CTL... PIL Climbing level 310. CTL... PIL 129.4, Sierra Foxtrot 153, goodbye. 2 CTL... PIL 132.4, goodbye Alpha Golf 235. PIL Foxtrot Control, Alpha Golf 235, good morning. CTL... PIL Alpha Golf 235, FL110, heading 250. CTL... PIL Climbing to level 210, report passing level 180. Alpha Golf 235. PIL Alpha Golf 235, passing levetl80. CTL... PIL Right turn heading 330, climbing to level 280. Alpha Golf 235. CTL... PIL 131.7, Alpha Golf 235, goodbye. 3 CTL... PIL 126.5, goodbye. PIL Mike Control, Yankee Foxtrot Lima, good morning. CTL... PIL Yankee Foxtrot Lima, flight level 70, heading 230. CTL... PIL Climbing to flight level 250, expediting until passing level 150. Yankee Foxtrot Lima. CTL... PIL Left turn heading 180. Yankee Foxtrot Lima. CTL... PIL 128.9, goodbye. Yankee Foxtrot Lima. 4 CTL... PIL goodbye PIL November Control, Oscar Papa Romeo, good morning. CTL... PIL Oscar Papa Romeo, flight level 80, heading 180. CTL... PIL Right turn heading 230, climbing to flight level 240. Oscar Papa Romeo. PIL Oscar Papa Romeo, reaching level 240. CTL... PIL Climbing to flight level 290. Oscar Papa Romeo. CTL... PIL 129.5, goodbye. Oscar Papa Romeo. 87

105 5 CTL... PIL 133.2, goodbye.... PIL Whisky Control, Delta November Oscar, good morning. CTL... PIL Delta November Oscar, flight level 90, heading 190. CTL... PIL Climbing level 250, report passing level 150. PIL Delta November Oscar, passing level 150. CTL... PIL Left turn heading 160, climbing level 270. CTL... PIL 129.5, goodbye. Delta November Oscar. 6 CTL... PIL 126.9, goodbye. PIL Foxtrot Control, Zulu Echo 692, good morning. CTL... PIL Zulu Echo 692, flight level 80, heading 090. CTL... PIL Right turn heading 130, climbing to level 210, expediting until passing level 150. Zulu Echo 692. CTL PIL Wiico. PIL Zulu Echo 692, reaching level 210. CTL... PIL 128.2, goodbye. Zulu Echo Listen and Answer (from page $5) 1. What was the cause of the turbulence? It was wake turbulence caused by a Why does the controller want the pilot to change his rate of climb? Due to traffic, he wants the plane to climb quickly to FL What is the emergency and what immediate action are they taking? There is a fire in the hold. They are making an emergency descent to FL Listen and Write (from page 85) 1 PIL Sunair928, we've just come through some severe turbulence. What kind of traffic is there ahead of us? CTL It must've been wake turbulence, there's a 747 ahead, although normal separation was provided. 2 CTL Sunair 596, what is your rate of climb? PIL 700 feet per minute. CTL Due to traffic, can you adjust your rate of climb to be above flight level ISO at the FIR boundary? PIL Above flight level 180 at the FIR boundary, wildo, Sunair PIL MAYDAY MAYDAY MAYDAY, Winton Control, Sunair 165, we have fire in the hold, we are making an emergency descent to FL30, leaving FL310. left of Green 4, heading to Newbridge for emergency landing, please advise. Present position, radial 040, 50 miles from Winton VOR. 88

106 2-5 END OF CLIMB End of climb (routine) Key words and phrases Check that you understand all the words and phrases in this list. available negative further climb heavy traffic Typical exchange can you accept? not at the moment unavailable PILOT 1 pilot calls callsign greeting 3 pilot replies callsign flight level heading 5 pilot replies readback heading readback level callsign {pause) 6 pilot calls callsign 'reaching level CONTROLLER control replies *go ahead* callsign control replies heading instructions climb instructions 'report when reaching' control replies "roger" aircraft callsign climb instructions 13 control replies 'goodbye' S pilot replies readback climb instructions request for higher level 10 pilot replies refuses level offered 11 control replies 4 frequency change 9 control replies 'negative* offers another higher level pilot replies readback frequency 'goodbye' callsign 89

107 Phraseology practice Listen Listen to the recorded dialogue. Listen and Repeat Listen and repeat the pilot's words Write Complete the text below by writing in the pilot's words. Check with the recording if necessary. 1 pilot calls 3 pilot replies 5 pilot replies 2 control replies Go ahead, control replies Maintain present heading, climb FL 210, report when reaching. 6 pilot calls 8 pilot replies 10 pilot replies 7 control replies Roger, SF153. climb to level " control replies Negative. Can you accept level 390? 11 control replies Change now on pilot replies 13 control replies Goodbye. Check Check your answers, page 92. Listen and Speak Continue for each of the following flights. Try to negotiate a good cruise level if necessary. Listen to the example, then continue in the same way, starting with the example again. Callsign Present Heading Preferred flight level cruise level 1 SFI AG YFL OPR DNO ZE Check Check your answers, page

108 2.5.2 End of climb (non-routine) Listen and Answer Listen to the three dialogues and write down the answers to these questions. There is one question for each dialogue. 1. What is the problem and what action is being taken? 2. Why does the pilot want a lower level? 3. Why does the pilot change her route? Check Check your answers, page 94. Listen and Write Listen again and complete the texts below. 1 PIL Winton Control, Sunair 883,, is rising fast, to FLI20. CTL Roger, descend to FL120,. PIL Descending to FL120, Sunair 883. PIL Sunair 883, reaching FL120. CTL Roger, Sunair 883,? Pit, Request to Rexbury this level. 2 PIL Sunair 596, could we have a? We're at this level. CTL Sunair 596, call you back. CTL Sunair 596, to FL280. PIL to FL280, Sunair PIL Sunair 725, request to Overby, a passenger is , probably a. CTL Roger Sunair 725, turn right heading 290, I'll tell Overby you I PIL Turning right 290, Sunair 725. Check Check your answers, page 94. Your word list Write down any words in the dialogues you do not understand, or are not sure about. Try to guess the meaning, in English or in your own language, and write it down. Then check with a dictionary. 91

109 CHECK Write (from page 90) 1 pilot calls Echo Control SF153, good morning. 2 control replies Go ahead, pilot replies SF153, FL90, heading control replies Maintain present heading, climb FL210, report when reaching. 5 pilot replies Climbing level 210, SF pilot calls SF153,reaching level210 7 control replies Roger, SF153, climb to level pilot replies Climbing level 270. Is level 310 available? 10 pilot replies Negative 9 control replies Negative. Can you accept level 390? 11 control replies Change now on pilot replies 129.4, goodbye SF control replies Goodbye. NOTE If the pilot wanted to accept the much higher level offered, there would be an additional exchange: ; 10 pilot replies Affirm. 10 b pilot replies Climbing to FL a control replies Climb to FL

110 2.5.1 Listen and Speak (from page 90) 1 PIL Echo Control, Sierra Foxtrot 153, good morning. CTL... PIL Sierra Foxtrot 153, flight level 90, heading 130. CTL... PIL Climbing level 210, Sierra Foxtrot 153. PIL SF153, reaching level 210. CTL... PIL Climbing level 270. Is 310 available? CTL... PIL Negative. CTL... PIL 129.4, goodbye. 2 PIL Echo Control, Alpha Golf 235, good morning. CTL... PIL Alpha Golf 235, flight level 110, heading 250. CTL... PIL Right turn 290. Alpha Golf 235. CTL... PIL Climbing level 280, Alpha Golf 235. Is 330 available? CTL PIL Negative. CTL... PIL 131.7, goodbye. CTL... 3 PIL Echo Control, Yankee Foxtrot Lima, good morning. CTL... PIL Yankee Foxtrot Lima, flight level 70, heading 230. CTL... PIL Climbing level 190. Yankee Foxtrot Lima. CTL... PIL Yankee Foxtrot Lima, reaching level 190. CTL... PIL Climbing level 330. CTL... PIL 126.8, goodbye. Yankee Foxtrot Lima. CTL... 4 PIL Echo Control, Oscar Papa Romeo, good morning. CTL... PIL Flight level 80, heading 180. CTL PIL Left rum heading 160. CTL... FIL Climbing level 250, OPR, is level 290 available? CTL... PIL Negative. CTL... PIL Climbing level 250 OPR. 93

111 PIL OPR, reaching 250. CTL... PIL 132.9, goodbye. 5 РП- Echo Control, Delta November Oscar, good morning. CTL... PIL Reaching level 90, heading 190. CTL... PIL Climbing 170. PIL DNO, reaching level 170. CTL... PIL Climbing 210. CTL..:... PIL 129.3, goodbye. Delta November Oscar. CTL... 6 PIL Echo Control, Zulu Echo 692, good morning. CTL... :... PIL Reaching level 100, heading 90. CTL... PIL Left turn, 010, climbing level 170, report 150. PIL ZE 692, passing 150. CTL PIL Climbing level 290. Is 330 available? CTL... PIL Negative. CTL... PIL 133.2, goodbye. ZE Listen and Answer (from page 91) 1. What is the problem and what action is being taken? There is a pressurisation problem. They are descending to FL120, to continue their flight. 2. Why does the pilot want a lower level? There is moderate turbulence at their present level. 3. Why does the pilot change her route? A passenger has had a heart attack Listen and Write (from page 91) 1 PIL Winton Control, Sunair 883, we are unable to control pressurisation, cabin altitude is rising fast, request immediate descent to flight level 120. CTL Roger, descend to flight level 120, report reaching. PIL Descending to FL120, Sunair 883. PIL Sunair 83, reaching FL120. CTL Roger, Sunair 883, what are your intentions? PIL Request resume our flight to Rexbury at this level. 2 PIL Sunair 596, could we have a slightly lower flight level? We're experiencing moderate turbulence at this level. CTL Sunair 596, call you back. CTL Sunair 596, descend to FL280. PIL Descending to FL280, Sunair 596.

112 3 PIL Sunair 725, request divert to Overby, a passenger is seriously ill, probably a heart attack. CTL Roger Sunair 725, turn right heading 290, I'll tell Overby you require medical assistance on landing. PIL Turning right 290, Sunair

113 2.6 REVIEW OP PART TWO Flight from Rexbury to Winton (take-off and climb) Listen and Read Flight plan details: АТС clearance: Golf 5 departure, climb initially to FL110 Flight planned cruising level 290 Route: reporting points RTV(River) then BCK (Blackxock) For further details, turn to page 48. Listen and Speak You are flying from Rexbury to Winton, callsign Sunair 367. Follow the instructions on the tape and reply to the controller. The exercise starts with the aircraft lined up on runway 29 and ready for departure. Check Check your answers, page Flight from Dublin to Paris (take-off and climb) Listen and Read Flight plan details: Callsign SF309 reporting points: Li fry Wallasey Telba Midhurst Study the maps provided on pages before you start. Listen and Speak Take the pilot's part, follow the instructions on the tape and reply to the controller. The exercise starts with the aircraft lined up on runway 17 ready for departure. NOTE: You will hear communications with other traffic on your frequency. Check Check your answers, page

114 CHECK Listen and Speak (from page 96) PIL Ready for departure, Sunair 367. CTL... PIL Cleared for take-off, Sunair 367. CTL... PIL Climbing to FLI10, Rexbury Control on 128.8, Sunair 367, goodbye. PIL Rexbury Control, Sunair 367, good afternoon. CTL... PIL Right turn, heading 050, climbing to FL220, Sunair 367. CTL... PIL Climbing to FL270, direct to Romeo India Victor VOR, Sunair 367. PIL Sunair 367, is FL330 available? CTL... CTL... PIL Negative, Sunair 367. CTL... PIL Climbing to FL270, Sunair 367. PIL Sunair 367, reaching FL270. CTL PIL 135.9, Sunair 367, goodbye Listen and Speak (from page 96) PIL SF309 ready to depart. CTL... PIL Cleared to take-off runway 17, left turn-out direct Liffy, knots. : CTL... CTL... PIL Dublin 128.0, SF3O9, goodbye. PIL Dublin, SF3O9, good afternoon. CTL... PIL Direct Liffy, climbing FL230, SF309. : CTL... PIL FL100, SF3O9. CTL... PIL Climbing to FL230, London , SF309. PIL London, SF309, good afternoon. CTL... : PIL Maintain 230 on reaching, squawking CTL... PIL Climbing to FL290, SF309. CTL... PIL Climbing to FL330, SF3O9. 98

115 2.7 SUPPLEMENTARY VOCABULARY Words for planes Read and Write Look at these six groups of words about planes. Choose the correct heading for each group from the list of headings below. Group 1 aeroplane aircraft plane airplane Group 3 long haul short haul medium haul STOL* VTOL* Group 2 helicopter balloon glider airship Group 4 fighter airliner freighter bomber tanker business jet executive aircraft seaplane Group 5 twin jet single-engined aircraft tri-jet four-engined aircraft jet turbo prop Group 6 narrow-bodied plane wide-bodied plane a jumbo Headings: Range Purpose Size Power Flying machines Plane words Check Check your answers, page 105. STOL short take-off and landing * VTOL vertical lake-off and landing 99

116 Read and Write The same six groups of words are organised here into a 'word tree 1, but one word from each group is missing. Write in the missing words. Check Check your answers, page

117 2.7.2 Parts of a plane Look and Think Look at the pictures on this page. There is a word which corresponds to each number. Decide which of the words you know. 101

118 102 Look, Listen and Repeat Look at the picture, listen to the tape and repeat the words. Look, listen and Speak Now test yourself. How талу of the words do you remember? Listen to the tape, look at the picture and say the correct word when you hear the number. Then you will hear the right answer. Remember, don't repeat the words; try to say them before you hear them on the tape. Listen to ал example. Now continue in the same way. Start with the example again. Check Check how the words are written, page 105.

119 Read Look at these words for parts of a plane. wing tip door trailing edge wheel window fuselage nose engine nacelle slats flaps tyre tail elevators landing gear wing tail-fin spoilers ailerons rudder windshield stabiliser airbrakes leading edge nose gear Write Now fill in the 'word tree' below by putting a term in each box. (Some words are filled in for you.) Try to give some kind of organisation to the tree. There is no right or wrong answer here. It is an exercise to help you to remember the words by thinking about them. 103

120 Write Now try to make the same word tree, but this time, do not look at the tree you fiued in or the list of words. Check Check your version of the tree with the version given on page 106. (NOTE: There is no single right answer this is just one possibility.) Cockpit instruments Listen and Write Listen to the description of the main control panel and write in the abbreviations for the names of the instruments in the correct place on the diagram. The first two instruments are labelled for you. Check Check your answers, page 107. Complete Complete the text below so that the description corresponds to the diagram on page 107. The captain's main control panel on the Airbus 300B. Starting in the bottom left-hand corner, on the there is a clock. the clock is the DME (Distance Measuring Equipment) and the DME you find the Air Speed Indicator of the Air Speed Indicator is the Attitude Director Indicator (the ADI) the ADI there is the Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI). 104

121 On the bottom row,, is the Automatic Direction Finder, the ADF. the ADF and the HSI is an altimeter, and it is a radio altimeter of the radio altimeter the ADF, is the vertical speed indicator. Check Check your answers, page 107. CHECK Read and Write (from page 99) Group 1: Plane Words Group 2: Flying Machines Group 3: Range Group 4: Purpose Group 5: Power Group 6: Size Read and Write (from page 100) 1. twin jet 2. short haul 3. aircraft 4. business jet 5. wide-bodied plane 6. glider Look, Listen and Speak (from page 102) 1- nose 12. stabiliser 2. windshield (or windscreen) 13. window 3. door 14. hold (or cargo compartment) door 4. fuselage 15. trailing edge 5. wing 16. leading edge 6. wing tip 17. engine nacelle 7. slats 18. nose gear 8. landing gear (or undercarriage) 19. ailerons 9. tail fin 20. spoilers 10. rudder 21. airbrakes 11. elevators 22. flaps 105

122 Write (from page 103) Compare your tree with this one. There are many equally good ways to organise the words.

123 2.7.3 Listen and Write (from page 104) Complete (from page 104) The captain's main control panel on the Airbus 300B. Suiting in the bottom lefthand corner, on the left there is a clock. Next to the clock is the DME (Distance Measuring Equipment) and above the DME you find the Air Speed Indicator. On the right of the Air Speed Indicator is the Attitude Director Indicator (the ADI). Below the ADI there is the Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI). On the bottom row, on the right, is the Automatic Direction Finder, the ADF. Between the ADF and the HSI is an altimeter, and above it is a radio altimeter. On the right of the radio altimeter, above the ADF, is the vertical speed indicator. 107

124 Part Three Cruise to descent 109

125 VOLMETS Key words and phrases Check that you understand all the words and phrases in this list. Look up any new words in an aviation dictionary. mist gradu rain tempo drizzle visibility freezing rain recent thin scattered more than less than ceiling overcast haze RVR = Runway Visual Range Typical volmets These recorded broadcasts follow the same pattern at each station. There is a little variation in some of the items from station to station, but the order is very similar to ATIS weather reports. airport name wind data: direction and strength visibility (in metres or kilometres) present weather (rain, mist, snow, drizzle, etc.) cloud cover (in oktas) ceiling (in feet or metres) temperature dew point (- QNH) trend: no sig or gradu (plus expected change) or tempo (plus possible temporary conditions) NOTE: Some countries (e.g. USSR, Poland) give wind strength in metres per second. 111

126 Phraseology practice Listen and Write Listen to the rust, reports and note the details in the table below. You may have to listen several times London Heathrow London Gatwick Birmingham Manchester Prestwick Manchester London Gatwick Copenhagen Kastmp Stockholm Arlanda Gothenburg Praha Bratislava Warsaw Bologna Borgo Panigale Catania Fontanarossa Palermo Puntaraisi Athenai Thessaloniki Malta Kerkira Beirut Cairo Ben Gurion Check Check your notes using the texts on page 114.

127 CHECK 3.1 Listen and Write (from page 112) 1 This is London Volmet main. This is London Volmet main. London Heathrow knots, 2000m, mist, 2 oktas 300 ft, 8 oktas 400 ft, temp 5, dewpoirf 5, QNH 1012, gradu, 7 km, 5 oktas 1500 ft. 2 London Gatwick at 11.50, knots, 1800 m, recent rain, 7 oktas 300ft, temj 7, dew point 6, QNH 1012, gradu, 7 km, 5 oktas 1500ft. 3 Birmingham at knots, 3000 m, recent rain, 5 oktas 300ft, 8 oktaj 400 ft, temp 4, dew point 3, QNH 1010, tempo, 2 oktas 300 ft. 4 Manchester at knots, 10 km or more, rain 1 okta IOOOft, 7 okial 1600 ft, temp 3, dew point 1, QNH 1010, tempo 7 oktas 1400 ft. 5 Prestwick at knots, 10 km or more, 1 okta 1000 ft, 3 oktas Ж ft, 5 oktas ft, temp 6, dew point 1, QNH 1010, no sig. 6 Manchester met report, Manchester. 280 at 8 knots, visibility 1100 m, RVR 1200 raj drizzle, 8 oktas 200 ft, temp 8, dew point 7, gradu, visibility 5000 m, 6 okus IOOOft. 7 London Gatwick met report, London Gatwick knots, visibility 7km, haze, 1 okta 1500 ft, 7 oktas 2000 ft, temp 8, dew point 6, no sig. 8 Copenhagen Kastrup met report, Copenhagen Kastrup knots, visibility 8 km,i mist, 2 oktas IOOOft, 8 oktas 1600ft, temp - 1, dew point -4, no sig. 9 Stockholm Arlanda met report, Stockholm Arlanda knots, visibility 7 kmj mist, 7 oktas 1200ft, temp 3, dew point 5, no sig. 10 Gothenburg met report, Gothenburg knots, visibility 3500m, mist, 7 oktas I 500ft, temp 2, dew point 3, tempo, visibility 2000 m, freezing rain, soft at 300 ft. 11 Metar Praha, GMT. Wind 080, 1 m per second, visibility 5000 m, snow showers, clouds I okta 240 m, 5 oktas 450 m, temperature 0, dew point - 1, QNH 1032, no sig, runway 13 damp up to 100%, braking action good, runway 07 damp up to 100%, braking action good. 12 Metar Bratislava GMT. Wind 340, 3 m per second, visibility 8 km, misu clouds 6 oktas 1200 m, temperature 3, dew point 2, QNH 1030, no sig. 13 Metar Warsaw GMT. Wind m per second, visibility 10 km, clouds 7 oktas 690 m, temperature 2, dew point -5, QNH 1035, runway 33, wet up to 100%, braking action ood. 14 Bologna Borgo Panigale. Q4.50 Z. Wind , visibility 4500 m, rain, 8 okus 12000ft, temperature 18, dew point Catania Fontanarossa, Z. Wind calm, visibility 8 km, mist, temperature 21, dew point 20, QNH Palermo Puntaraisi, Z. Wind calm, visibility 7 km, mist, temperature 25, dew point

128 Athenai. Calm, visibility 8 km, mist, sky clear, temperature 24, dew point 19, no sig Thessaloniki. Calm, visibility 7 km, mist, sky clear, temperature 22, dew point 20, no sis Malta. 310 II knots, visibility 10 km, 1 okta 1200 ft, temperature 24, dew point 20, no sig Kerkira knots, visibility 7 km, mist, 3 oktas 1800 ft, temperature 25, dew point 22, no sig Beirut. Calm, visibility 10 km, 3 oktas 2600 ft, temperature 26, dew point 20, QNH 1009, no sig. Break. 22 Cairo missing. Break' Ben Gurion knots, visibility 9 km, 4 oktas 2500 ft, temperature 26, dew point 16, no sig. Break. 115

129

130 3.2 EN ROUTE: POSITION REPORTS En route: position reports (routine) ICAOref CAA ref. 3.3 DGACref Key words and phrases Check that you understand the words and phrases in this list. Look up any new words in an aviation dictionary. omit position reports intercept radial resume VOR Phraseology practice Listen and Write Listen to the controller's instructions about position reports. Identify each instruction on the list below, and write its number in the box. The first one is done for you. A Report passing Alpha. В Next report at Alpha. С Omit position reports until Alpha. 1 D Omit position reports this frequency. E Report intercepting the 2I0 radial of the Alpha VOR. F Report 15 miles from Alpha DME. G Resume position reporting. H Report intercepting the 120 radial of the Alpha VOR. I Report 5 miles from Alpha DME. J Report passing the Alpha VOR 342 radial. Check Check your answers, page 120. Typical exchange PILOT CONTROLLER pilot replies readback of frequency callsign greeting 1 control calls callsign new frequency greeting -(change of frequency )

131 I pilot calls cafisign greeting 2 control replies 'go ahead' 3 pilot position report callsign (name of reporting point) at (present time) flight level 'estimating (next reporting point) at time) 5 pilot replies -- 'wilco' callsign 4 control replies 'roger' aircraft callsign -next report at (name of reporting point) Phraseology practice 2 Listen Listen to the dialogue on the tape. Listen and Repeat Listen again and repeat the pilot's words. Write Complete the dialogue below by writing in the pilot's words. Check with the tape if necessary. 2 pilot replies 1 control calls SF153, contact 129.4, goodbye. 1 pilot calls (change of frequency)- 3 pilot position report 2 control replies Go ahead, SF pilot replies 4 control replies Roger, SF153, next report at Z. Check Check your answers, page

132 Listen and Speak Make position reports for the following flights using the data; given below. Listen to the example, then continue in the same way, starting '-vim the example again. No. Callsign Flight Position Time Next reporting Estimated level point time 1 SF R 35 Y + 10' 2 AG S 28 Z + 12' 3 BI N 43 О + 15' 4 NJ G 23 H + 16' 5 MO S 52 U + 10' Check Check your answers, page En route: (non-routine) Listen and Answer Listen to the dialogues and write down the answers to these questions. There is one question for each dialogue. 1. What is the problem and what action is being taken? 2. What is the problem and what action is being taken? 3. Why does the pilot ask for a change of heading? Check Check your answers, page 121. Listen and Write Listen again and complete the texts below. 1 PIL MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY, Sunair 822, there is we an to FL25, to Overby for. 2 PIL Sunair 506, we have all, the. Request to to Newbridge. 118 CTL Roger, Sunair 506, turn heading 030, to FL150 PIL. left heading 030, FL33O to level 150, Sunair PIL Sunair 312,. to avoid avoid. CTL Roger, Sunair 312, what will be? be? PlL Heading 250, Sunair 312.

133 PIL Sunair 312, we're clear of now. CTL Roger, Sunair 312, turn left heading 230 Check Check your answers, page 121. Your word list Write down any words in the dialogues you do not understand or are not sure about. Try to guess the meaning, in English or in your own language and write it down. Then check with a dictionary. 119

134 CHECK Listen and Write (from page 116) 7 A Report passing Alpha 2 B Next report at Alpha 8 C Omit position reports until Alpha. 1 D Omit position reports this frequency 9 E Report intercepting the 210 radial of the Alpha VOR. 10 F Report 15 miles from Alpha DME 3 G Resume position reporting 4 H Report intercepting the 120 radial of the Alpha VOR 5 I Report 5 miles from Alpha DME 6 J Report passing the Alpha VOR 342 radial. 2 pilot replies 129.4, SF153, goodbye. 1 control calls SF153, contact 129.4, goodbye (change of frequency) pilot calls SF153, good morning. 3 pilot position report SF153, R at 35, flight level 310, estimating Y at pilot replies Wilco, SF control replies Go ahead, SF control replies Roger, SF153, next report at Z Listen and Speak (from page 118) 1 CTL... PIL Sierra Foxtrot, Romeo at 35, flight level 310, estimating Yankee at 45. CTL... PIL Wilco, Sierra Foxtrot CTL... PIL Alpha Golf 235, Sierra at 28, flight level 280, estimating Zulu at 40. CTL... PIL Wilco, Alpha Golf

135 3 CTL... PO. Bravo India 196, November at 43, flight level 290, estimating Oscar at 58. CTL... PIL Wilco, Bravo India СTL... PIL November Juliet 342, Golf at 23, flight level 250, estimating Hotel at 39. CTL... PIL Wilco, November Juliet CTL... PIL Mike Oscar 725, Sierra at 52, flight level 230, estimating Uniform at 02. CTL... PIL Wilco, Mike Oscar Listen and Answer (from page 118) 1. What is the problem and what action is being taken? There is depressurisation, and they are making an emergency descent. 2. What is the problem and what action is being taken? They have lost all electrical power except the emergency circuit, so they are diverting to Newbridge. 3. Why does the pilot ask for a change of heading? To avoid a build-up (or CB s) Listen and Write (from page 118) 1 PIL MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY, Sunair 822, there is depressurisation, we are making an emergency descent to FL25, heading to Overby for emergency landins. & 2 PIL Sunair 506, we have lost ail electrical power, except the emergency circuit. Request to divert immediately to Newbridge. CTL Roger, Sunair 506, turn left heading 030, descend to FLI50. PIL Turning left heading 030, leaving FL330, descending to level 150, Sunair PIL Sunatr 312, request 10 heading change right of track to avoid build-up. CTL Roger, Sunair 312, what will your heading be? PIL Heading 250, Sunair 312. PIL Sunair 312, we're clear of CBs now. CTL Roger, Sunair 312, turn left heading 230 to come back on track. 121

136 3.3 EN ROUTE: TRAFFIC INFORMATION En route: traffic Information (routine) Key words and phrases Check that you understand all the words and phrases in this list. Look up any new words in an aviation dictionary. unknown same direction moving fast moving parallel -descend negative contact vectors resume own navigation direct magnetic track distance at your 10 o'clock position opposite direction Phraseology practice 1 Listen and Write Listen to the items of traffic information on the tape, and look at the diagrams. Identify the diagram which corresponds to each item in the table below. (Y = the plane receiving the information X = the unknown traffic) D E 122 Item no Diagram Check Check your answers, page 127.

137 Typical exchange ICAOref CAA ref. 6.6 DGACref PILOT CONTROLLER comrol calls aircraft callsign traffic position traffic distance traffic direction 2 pilot replies callsign 'negative contact' 'request vectors' 4 pilot replies readback turn and heading instructions callsign 6 pilot replies 'roger' readback navigation instructions callsign control replies turn left/right heading 5 control calls ---aircraft calisign 'clear of traffic - 'resume own navigation' - navigation instructions: next en route point, track and distance 123

138 Phraseology practice 2 Listen Listen to the recorded dialogue. Listen and Repeat Listen to the same dialogue and repeat the pilot's words. Write Complete the text below by filling in the pilot's words. Check with the tape if necessary. 1 control calls SF153, unknown traffic, 10 o'clock 5 miles, crossing left to right. 2 pilot replies 3 control replies Turn left, heading pilot replies 6 pilot replies 5 control calls SF153, clear of traffic, resume own navigation, direct C, magnetic track 070, distance 27 miles. Check Check your answers, page 127. Listen and Speak Listen and respond to the traffic information on the tape. Your callsign is SF153. Check Check your answers, page 127. Phraseology practice 3 Listen Listen to the recorded dialogue. Listen and Repeat Listen and repeat the pilot's words. Write Mark the position of the 'unknown traffic' on the diagram below. 124

139 Listen and Write Complete the diagrams below. Check Check your answers, page En route: (non-routine) Listen and Answer Listen to the dialogues and write down the answers to these questions. There is one question for each dialogue. 1. What evasive action did the pilot take, and with what results? 2. What is the problem, and what action is the pilot taking? 3. What is the problem, and what action is the pilot taking? Check Check your answers, page 128. Listen and Write Listen again and complete the texts below. 1 PIL Sunair 593, to avoid, with CTL Do you have any other? Did you see the, 7 or PIL It was a, that's all we know. CTL Do you an? PIL It was a very close thing. if the are OK. 125

140 PIL Sunair 593, passengers have been but there's a doctor, so we'll continue our. CTL Roger, Sunair PEL Sunair 715, we have a, request to Overby. CTL Sunair 715, now, 280, to FL110. PIL right to FL110, Sunair 715. CTL Do you _... at Overby? PIL, Sunair 715. CTL Roger, will.. 3 CTL Sunair 177, Winton Control, your company us you have a PIL Do you have any a bo ut? CTL Negative. PIL to Newbridge, request on, Sunair 177. Check Check your answers, page 128. Your word list Write down any words in the dialogues you do not understand, or are not sure about. Try to guess the meaning in English or your own language, and write it down. Then check with a dictionary. 126

141 CHECK Listen and Write (from page 122) Item no. Diagram 1 G 2 В 3 D 4 A 5 С 6 E 7 F Write (from page 124) control calls SF153, unknown traffic, 10 o'clock, 5 miles crossing left to right. 2 pilot replies SF153, negative contact, request vectors. control replies Turn left, heading pilot replies Left turn, heading 050 t SFI53. 6 pilot replies Roger, track 070, SF153. control calls SF153, clear of traffic, resume own navigation, direct C, magnetic track 070, distance 27 miles Listen and Speak (from page 124) 1 CTL... PIL SF153, negative contact, request vectors. CTL... PIL Left turn heading 050, SF153. CTL... PIL Roger, track 070. SFI53. 2 CTL PIL SF153, negative contact, request vectors. CTL... PIL Right turn heading 170, SF153. CTL... PIL Roger, track 149, SF

142 3 СП-... PIL SF153, negative contact, request vectors. CTL... ;... PIL Right turn heading 250, SF153. CTL... PIL Roger, track 227, SFI Listen, Speak and Write (from page 125) Listen and Answer (from page 125) 1. What evasive action did the pilot take, and with what results? He dived and avoided colliding with converging traffic, but six passengers were badly bruised. 2. What is the problem and what action is the pilot taking? There is a fuel leak, so they are diverting to Overby. 3. What is the problem and what action is the pilot taking? There is a bomb scare on this flight, so they are diverting to Newbridge Listen and Write (from page 126) PIL Sunair 593, we've just had to dive to avoid colliding with converging traffic. CTL Do you have any other details? Did you see the type or the markings? PIL It was a white jet, that's all we know. CTL Do you wish to Л1е an airmiss report? PIL Affirm. It was a very close thing. I'll check if the passengers are OK. PIL Sunair 593, six passengers have been badly bruised, but there's a doctor on board, so we'll continue on our route. CTL Roger Sunair PIL Sunair 715, we have a serious fuel leak, request divert to Overby. CTL Sunair 715, turn right now, heading 280, descend to FL110. PIL Turning right 280, leaving level 180, descending to FL1I0, Sunair 715. CTL Do you require emergency assistance at Overby? PIL Affirm, Sunair 715. CTL Roger, will advise.

143 3 СTL- Sunair 177, Winton Control, your company has informed us you may have a bomb on board. PIL Do you have any information about the type of bomb? CTL Negative. PIL Diverting immediately to Newbridge, request emergency services on landing, Sunair

144 3.4 DESCENT Descent (routine) ICAO ref CAAref.8.3 DGAC ref Key words and phrases Check that you understand all the words and phrases in the list below. Look up any new words in an aviation dictionary. squawk ident radar contact leave confirm affirm increase rate of descent Typical exchange (a) PILOT CONTROLLER 1 control calls aircraft callsign 'squawk idem 2 pilot replies 'identing' callsign 3 control calls aircraft callsign 'radar contact descent instructions 4 pilot replies 'leaving flight level 'descending to level callsign 5 control calls. aircraft callsign further descent instructions 'report passing (flight level) 6 pilot replies --descending to flight level callsign 130 (pause)

145 7 pilot calls callsign 'passing flight level 'descending' 8 control replies callsign 'confirm leaving level 7 pilot replies 'affirm' callsign (b) 1 control calls --callsign --'squawk A 2 pilot replies --'squawking callsign 3 control callsign descent instructions 4 pilot replies 'leaving level 'descending to level callsign 6 pilot replies readback. of instructions callsign 5 control calls aircraft callsign instruction to increase rate of descent - 'report passing ' (pause) 7 pilot calls -- callsign -- 'passing flight level -- descending 9 pilot replies..: 'negative leaving level callsign 8 control replies 'confirm leaving level aircraft callsign

146 phraseology practice Listen Listen to dialogue (a). Listen and Repeat Listen again and repeat the pilot's words. Write Complete the text of dialogue (a) below. Check with the tape if necessary (а) 1 control calls SF153, squawk 2 pilot replies 3 control calls SF153, radar contact. Descend to flight level pilot replies 5 control calls SF153, continue descent to flight level 110, report passing pilot replies 7 pilot calls 8 control replies SF153, confirm leaving level pilot replies Check Check your answers, page

147 Listen Listen to dialogue (b). listen and Repeat Listen again and repeat the pilot's words. Write Complete the text below by writing in the pilot's words. Check with the tape if necessary. (b) 1 control calls AG235, squawk A pilot replies 3 control AG235, descend now to flight level pilot replies 5 control calls AG235, increase rate of descent so as lo cross T at FL150, report passing level pilot replies 7 pilot calls control replies Confirm leaving FLI90, AG pilot replies Check Check your answers, page 135. Listen and Speak Reply to the instructions for the following flights. No. Callsign Cruising level 1 SF153 2 AG BI NJ MO Check Check your answers, page

148 3.4.2 Descent (non-routine) Listen and Answer Listen to the dialogues and. write down the answers to these questions. There is one question for each dialogue. 1. What is the problem and how does this affect descent? 2. What is the emergency and what are the pilot's intentions? 3. What is the problem? Check Check your answers, page 137. Listen and Write Listen to the dialogue again and complete the texts below. 1 PIL Winton Control, Sunair 939, to descend. CTL Roger, Sunair 939, descend to FL190. PIL FL320 to FL190, Sunair 939. (pause) PIL Sunair 939, we're having with the pressurisation, CTL Roger, Sunair 939, to FL170, when reaching. PIL Descending to FL170, Sunair PIL MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY, Winton Control, Sunair 662, we have, we are descending to FL30, request at Winton,, 50 miles West of Winton, 75. CTL Sunair 662, Winton Control, rogcr Mayday,, on Mayday. (pause) PIL Mayday Winton. Sunair 662, fire now,. CTL Roger, Sunair 662. Mayday all stations 3 PIL Sunair 779, due to Sunair 779, FL290, heading 110. Plaintree VOR this time,, FL100 over RIV next for landing runway 32 at Winton. Check Check your answers, page 137. Your word list Write down any words in the dialogues you do not understand, or are not sure about. Try to guess the meaning in English or in your own language, and write it down. Then check with a dictionary. 134

149 CHECK Write (from pages 132 and 133) (a) 1 control calls SF153, squawk ident. 2 pilot replies Ideating, SF pilot replies Leaving flight level 310, descending to level 220, SF control SF153, radar contact. Descend to flight level control calls SF153, continue descent to flight level 110, report passing pilot replies Descending to flight level 110, SF pilot calls SF153, passing flight level 150, descending. 8 control replies Confirm leaving level 150, SF pilot replies Affirm, SF153. (b) 2 pilot replies Squawking 2744, AG pilot replies Leaving level 280, descending to level 210, AG control AC235, descend now to FL pilot replies Roger, descending to T at FL150,AG control calls AG235, increase rate of descent so as to cross T at FL150, report passing level

150 7 pilot calls AG235, passing FL180, descending. 9 pilot replies Negative, leaving FL18O, AG Listen and Speak (from page 133) 8 control replies Confirm leaving FL190, AG CTL... PIL Identing, Sierra Foxtrot 153. CTL... PIL Leaving flight level 310, descending to level 220, Sierra Foxtrot 153. CTL... PIL Descending to flight level 110, SF153. PIL Sierra Foxtrot 153, passing flight level 150, descending. CTL... PIL Affirm, Sierra Foxtrot CTL... PIL Squawking 2744, Alpha Golf 235. CTL... PIL Leaving level 280, descending to level 210, Alpha Golf 235. CTL... PIL Roger, descending to Tango at flight level 150, Alpha Golf 235. PIL Alpha Golf 235, passing flight level 180, descending. CTL... PIL Negative, leaving flight level 180, Alpha Golf CTL... PIL Identing, Bravo India 196. CTL... PIL Leaving level 290, descending to level 190, Bravo India 196. CTL... PIL Descending to flight level 90, Bravo India 196. PIL Bravo India 196, passing level 160. CTL... PIL Affirm, Bravo India CTL... PIL Squawking 4526, November Juliet 342. CTL... PIL Leaving level 250, descending to level 130, November Juliet 342. CTL... PIL Roger, descending to cross Sierra at 80, November Juliet 342. PIL November Juliet, passing level 110. CTL... PIL Negative, leaving flight level 110, November Juliet

151 5 CTL... PIL ldenting, Mike Oscar 725. CTL... PIL Leaving level 230, descending to level 170, Mike Oscar 725. CTL... PIL Roger, descending to cross Delta at level 90, Mike Oscar 725. PIL Mike Oscar 725, passing level 140. CTL... PIL Affirm, Mike Oscar Listen and Answer (from page 134) 1. What kind of problem is there and how does this affect descent? There is a pressurisation problem so they have to descend slowly. 2. What is the emergency and what are the pilot's intentions? There is a fire in the rear toilets. The pilot intends to make an emergency landing at Winton. 3. What is the problem? They have a receiver failure Listen and Write (from page 134) 1 PIL Winton Control, Sunair 939, ready to descend. CTL Roger, Sunair 939, descend to FL190. PIL Leaving FL3I0, descending to FL190, Sunair 939. (pause) PIL Sunair 939, we're having problems with the pressurisation. we'll have to descend slowly. CTL Roger, Sunair 939, rccleared to FL170, call me back when reaching. PIL Descending to FL170, Sunair PIL MAYDAY MAYDAY MAYDAY, Winton Control, Sunair 662, we have fire in the rear toilets, w-e are descending to FL30, request an emergency landing at Winton, position, 50 miles West of Winton, heading 75 Э. CTL Sunair 662, Winton Control, roger Mayday, break. AH stations on stop transmitting, Mayday. (pause) PIL Mayday Winton. Sunair 662, fire now under control, cancel distress. CTL Roger, Sunair 662. Mayday all stations distress traffic ended. 3 PIL Sunair 779, transmitting blind due to receiver failure. Sunair 779, FL290, heading 110. Over Plaintree VOR this time, descending to be at FL100 over RIV intersection, standard arrival procedure next for landing runway 32 at Winton, 137

152 3.5 REVIEW OF PART THREE Flight from Rexbury to Wintcn (en route) Listen and Read Flight plan details: Blackrock (BCK) beacon, estimated 48 Lake (LAK) VOR, estimated 15 You are flying from Rexbury to Winton, callsign Sunair 367. You are cruising at FL270. You are being handed over from Rexbury Control to New County Upper Control. After the handover you tune in to the Volmets for the area. You are 55 nm from Blackrock, the next reporting point. Listen and Speak Follow the instructions on the tape, and reply to the controller. Check Check your answers, page Flight from Dublin to Paris (en route) Listen and Read Flight plan details: Callsign SF3O9 reporting points: Wallesey, Telba, Midhurst, Sitet, Etrat. Route maps are on pages Listen and Speak Take the pilot's part. Follow the instructions and reply to the controllers; SF309 is now climbing to FL330. Check Check your answers, page

153 CHECK Listen and Speak (from page 138) PIL New County Upper Control, Sunair 367, good afternoon. CTL... PIL Continue to Blackrock, report reaching, Sunair 367. This is Winton Volmet. This is Winton Volmet. Winton airport at 14.30, knots, 8000 metres, 3 oktas 3500 ft, temperature 12, dew point 11, QNH 1020, no sig. Overby at 14.30, knots, 10 km or more, 4 oktas 2000 ft, temperature 8, dew point 6, QNH 1020, no sig. Newbridge at 14.30, knots, 3000 metres, mist, 3 oktas 500 ft, temperature 6, dew point 4, QNH 1016, no sig. CTL... PIL Roger, traffic in sight, Sunair 367. CTL... CTL... PIL 128.5, Sunair 367, goodbye. PIL Valley Control, Sunair 367, good afternoon, estimating BCK at 48. CTL... PIL Roger, continue to Blackrock. PIL Sunair 367, over Blackrock this time, estimating LAK at 15. CTL... PIL Roger. PIL Sunair 367, request turn right 30 to avoid build-up. CTL... PIL 025, Sunair 367. CTL... PIL Turning right heading 050, Sunair 367. PIL Sunair 367, we have passed the build-up, are now back on track. CTL... PIL Proceeding to Lake, Sunair 367. PIL Over LAK this lime, Sunair 367. CTL... PIL To RED, Sunair Listen and Speak (from page 138) CTL... PIL Heading 100, SF309. CTL... PIL Turning right, heading 125. PIL SF309rreaching FL33O. CTL

154 PIL Own navigation to Honiley, SF309. CTL... PIL Direct to Midhurst, SF309. CTL... PIL London 133.7, SF309, good day. PIL London, SF3O9, good afternoon. CTL... PIL Maintaining FL330, direct Midhurst, SF309. CTL... PIL London 127.7, SF309. PIL London, SF309, good afternoon. CTL... PIL Maintaining FL330, SF309. CTL... PIL Go ahead SF309. CTL... PIL Descending to FL310. CTL... PIL Paris PIL Paris, SF309, good afternoon. CTL... ;... PIL Maintaining FL310, cleared to Reymy, squawking

155 3.6 SUPPLEMENTARY VOCABULARY weather words Listen and Write Listen to the recording and write the weather words you recognise under the correct heading below. For example, rain goes under precipitation. WIND PRECIPITATION VISIBILITY SURFACES CLOUD STORMS Listen and Check Listen to the categories and words read out on the recording, then check the words you don't know. (You can read the words on page 146). Note that some words fit into more than one category, e.g. CB's fits under both clouds and storms. Choose from these words to complete the 'weather word tree' below. There is no right or wrong answer here. It is an exercise to help you to remember the words by thinking about them. Try to choose some words that you do not know very well. sandstorm wet CAVOK drizzle broken headwind CB's hail damp gusts fog-bound tornado pools of water snow dispersing clear air turbulence black ice slush a build-up (thick/dense) fog light rain snow snow drifts hailstones ceiling turbulence haze (in and out of) the tops crosswind flooded freezing rain a rainbow storm cells fog patches 142

156 overcast heavy rain water spout strong wind snow ruts down/up-draught frost sleet icy patches cirrus closing in VMC conditions a flash of lightning 143

157 3.6.2 Cabin and safety equipment words LOOK and Think Look at the diagrams on this page. Do you know the words which correspond to the numbers? Look, Listen and Repeat Look at the diagrams, listen to the tape and repeat the words. 144

158 Look, Listen and Write Look at the diagrams and listen to the tape. Write down the words which correspond to each number, below Check Check your answers, page 147. Look, Listen and Speak Now test yourself. Look at the diagrams only. Do not look at the words. Listen to the tape and say the correct word when you hear the number. Then you will hear the right answer. 145

159 CHECK Listen and Check (from page 142) WIND PRECIPITATION VISIBILITY calm rain CAVOK headwind drizzle VMC conditions tailwind scattered showers mist crosswind heavy rain (thick/dense) fog drift light rain fog patches gusts sleet haze strong wind snow dispersing light wind hail closing in turbulence hailstones fog-bound clear air turbulence slush severe/moderate turbulence freezing rain windshear down/up draught icing frost a rainbow SURFACES CLOUDS STORMS wet broken sandstorm damp overcast tornado Hooded CB 's hurricane icy patches (in and out of) the tops typhoon standing water ceiling water spout pools of water cirrus thunder snow ruts a bank of clouds lightning snow banks storm cells a flash of lightning snow drifts a build-up to be struck by lightning black ice CB's 146

160 3.6.1 Write (from page 143) Look, Listen and Write (from page 145) 1 the cabin 2 the cockpit 3 a door 4 an aisle (or alley) 5 a row of seats 6 toilets 7 a galley 8 a jump seat 9 an oxygen mask 10 a life jacket (or life vest) 11 an escape slide (or chute) 12 a seat- belt 147

161 Part Four Approach to parking

162 4.1. ARRIVAL (ATIS) Key words and phrases Check that you understand all the words and phrases in this list. Look up any new words in an aviation dictionary. fog vertical visibility minima QFE repairs damp flock of birds north/south/east/west Showers radar vectors instrument approach unserviceable (US) ILS (Instrument Landing System) turn-off hectopascal Typical ATIS recording Look at page 4 for a description of the items in these recordings. Phraseology practice Listen and Write Listen to the following ATIS recordings and make notes for each one in the table below. The first one is done for you. 1 Winton 07, TL50, kts, 3000 m, 6/8 1000, 12 10, Rexbury 3 Newbridge 4 Overby 5 Lambek 6 Frankfurt 7 Heathrow 7 8 Hamburg 9 Schiphol 10 Kastrup 11 Kastrup 12 Heathrow Check Check your notes using the texts on page

163 CHECK Listen and Write (from page 152) 1 This is Winton arrivaj information Charlie, recorded at ILS approach landing runway 07, runway condition wet, braking action good, transition level 50, wind knots, visibility 3000 metres, present weather: continuous rain, 6 oktas 1000 feet, temperature 12, dew point 10, QNH This was information Charlie. 2 This is Rexbury arrival information Uniform, at Zulu time. ILS approach landing runway 29, transition level 45, wind calm, visibility 220 metres, present weather: fog, vertical visibility 45 metres, check your minima, temperature 5, dew point 5, QNH Taxiway Yankee closed for repairs. This was information Uniform. 3 This is Newbridge arrival information Mike at ILS approach landing runway 15 Left, runway condition damp, braking action good, transition level 55, large flock of birds at 1500 feet moving West, wind knots, visibility more than 10 km, present weather: 3 oktas 800 feet, temperature 13, dew point 11, QNH This was information Mike. 4 This is Overby information India at hours. ILS approach landing runway 33, take-off runway 33, transition level 35, wind knots, visibility 10 km or more, present weather: rain showers, temperature 6, dew point 3,*QNH This was information India ILS approach runway 21 in use, runway braking action good, transition level 45. Met report: knots, visibility 2000 m in mist, 2 oktas 200 ft, 7 oktas 300 ft, temperature 2, dew point 3, QNH 1029, temporarily freezing rain, 7 oktas 200 feet, Landvetter, information E. 6 This is Frankfurt information M, observation time Expect radar vectors for instrument approach, runway in use 07L and 07R. Attention ILS runway 07L unserviceable. Transition level 60. Met report: wind variable 3 knots, visibility 9 km, clouds 1 okta 2900 ft, temperature 5, dew point -2, QNH 1034, hectopascal inches, no sig. Information M, out. 7 This is Heathrow arrival information K, hours weather: wind knots, visibility 8 kilometres in haze, temperature + 17, dew point +10, QNH 1018 millibars, 28R single runway operations, no turn-off, available block 14. Ockam VOR US. Report aircraft type and information К received on first contact with Heathrow Approach. 8 This is Hamburg information Mike, time Expect radar vectors for an ILS approach runway 15, take-off runway 23, transition level 60. Additional information: extensive bird activity across the Hamburg area, direction West-East, estimated altitude 3500 ft, wind 200, 6 knots, visibility more than 10km, cloud 7 okus 2600 ft, temp 1, dew point 4, QNH 1036, and no sig. Information M, out. 9 Schiphol Arrival information Charlie. Main landing runway 27, 270 IS knots, visibility 10 kilometres, 1 okta 1800 feet, temp 6, dew point 3, QNH 1001 mbs, transition level 50, no sig. 154

164 9 This is Kastrup arrival information Bravo. Runway in use for landing O4L, met report knots, visibility 20 kms, 1 okta, cumuio nimbus 4000 ft, temp 28. dew point 17, QNH 1012, no sig. Transition level 60. This was information Bravo. 10 This is Kastrup arrival information Sierra. Runway in use for landing 04L. Met report knots, visibility 15 kilometres, 2 oktas 9000 ft, temp 24, dew point 18, QNH 1013, no sig. Transition level 50. This was information Sierra. 12 This is Heathrow arrival information E, hours weather: knots, CAVOK, temperature +21, dew point +09, QNH 1017 millibars, landing runway 28R. Pilots are reminded that there is no turn-off from runway 28R at block 14. Report aircraft type and information E received on first contact with Heathrow Approach. 155

165 4.2 APPROACH ICAO ref. 8.7 CAA ref. 8.7 DGAC ref Key words and phrases Check that you understand all the words in the list below. Look up any new words in an aviation dictionary. reduce speed delay no delay expected holding pattern enter delay not determined snow removal Typical exchange PILOT CONTROLLER (a) 1 pilot calls name of ground station callsign greeting 2 control replies --aircraft callsign --name of ground staition -- go ahead 3 pilot replies callsign flight level information received 5 pilot replies 'squawking (number) 'reducing knots callsign (possible 6 control 7 pilot replies readback approach clearance --- callsign Pause) 4 control replies callsign squawk number reporting point speed reduction instruction callsign approach clearance runway number 'no delay expected' 156

166 (b) 1 pilot calls --- name of ground station --- greeting --- callsign 2 control replies aircraft callsign name of ground station 'go ahead' 3 pilot replies callsign flight level descending to (flight level) information received 4 control replies descent instructions hold instructions expect approach time 5 pilot replies --- descending to readback hold instructions 'expected approach time callsign NOTES In (a) pilot call 1, the greeting should be at the end. However, in practice it often comes between name of ground station and callsign, as in (b) 1. In {b) control reply 4, the callsign is not used, as this is part of a dialogue, and contact is clearly established (see notes on Use of Callsigns in 2.4.1, Climb). 157

167 Phraseology practice Listen Listen to dialogue (a) en the tape. Listen and Repeat Listen and repeat the pilot's words. Write Complete the text by filling in the pilot's words (flight details below). Check with the recording if necessary Callsign Flight ATIS level information SF M (a) 1 pilot calls Orly Approach, SF153, 2 control replies SF153, Orly Approach, go ahead. 3 pilot replies 4 control replies SF153, squawk A4263, report MEL, reduce speed to 250 knots. 5 pilot replies 6 control SFI53, cleared "ILS approach, runway 07, no delay expected. 7 pilot replies Check Check your answers, page

168 Listen Listen to dialogue (b) on the tape. Listen and Repeat Listen again and repeat the pilot's words. Write Complete the text by filling in the pilot's words (flight details below). Check with the recording if necessary. Callsign Flight level 150- AG235-0 ATIS information К (b) 1 pilot calls 2 control replies AG235, Orly Approach, go ahead. 3 pilot replies 4 control replies Descend to FL60, on reaching MEL, hold, expect approach time at pilot replies Check Check your answers, page 162. Listen and Speak Listen to the taре. Using the flight details below, call Approach Control. Callsign Flight ATIS level information SFI M 2 3 AG235 BI K -90 L NJ P 80 MO T Check Check your answers, page

169 4.2.2 Approach (non-routine) Listen and Answer Listen to the dialogues and write down the answers to these questions. There arc four questions for dialogue 1. 1 (a) What is the problem? (b) What does the pilot do first? (c) Then what does he do? (d) What can the Tower controller see? 2. Why did they overshoot? 3. What problem does Sunair 572 have? Check Check your answers, page 163. Listen and Write Listen to the following dialogues and complete the texts below. 1 PIL SF662, Orly Tower, our is. CTL SF662, what are? PIL Request proceed to in order to complete check. CTL Roger, climb 2000 ft and turn left heading 350 to MEL VOR. PIL to 2000 ft left heading 350 to MEL. (pause) PIL SF662,. MEL 2000 ft, landing gear but not. We intend to near the Tower to have the checked. CTL Roger, make a low pass at 200 ft heading 200, of Tower. PIL At 200 feet, heading 200, North of Tower. (pause) CTL SF662 your landing gear PIL SF662, and we intend to land. 160

170 2 PEL Sunair 594, CTL Sunair 594, you're number 1 to land at 600 feet 2 miles final, runway 07. PIL Number 1 to land, Sunair 594. (pause) PIL Sunair 594, CTL Sunair 594, when 1000 ft, rum right to Redhill VOR. 3 PIL Sunair 572, 10. Request to runway 26 which is the. CTL Roger Sunair 572,. over RIV VOR while we sort out the traffic, when ready. PIL Thank you Winton, request for landing, Sunair 572. Check Check your answers, page164. Your word list Write down any words in the dialogues you do not understand, or are not sure about. Try to guess the meaning, in English or in your own language, and write it down. Then check with a dictionary. 161

171 CHECK Write (from page 158) (a) 1 pilot calls Orly Approach, SF153, good afternoon. 3 pilot replies SF153, reaching FL50, information M received. 5 pilot replies Squawking 4263, reducing to 250 knots, SF153 7 pilot replies Cleared ILS 07, SF153 2 control replies SF153, Orly Approach, go ahead. 4 control replies SF153, squawk A4263, report MEL, reduce speed to 250 knots 6 control SF153, cleared ILS approach, runway 07, no delay expected Write (from page 159) (b) 1 pilot calls Orly Approach, bonjour, AG235 2 control replies AG235, Orly Approach, go ahead 3 pilot replies AG235, FL150, descending to FL80, information К received 5 pilot replies Descending to FL60, at MEL enter the holding pattern, expected approach time 45, AG control replies Descend to FL60, on reaching MEL, hold, expect approach time at Listen and Speak (from page 159) 1 PIL Orly Approach, Sierra Foxtrot 153, good afternoon. CTL... PIL Sierra Foxtrot 153, reaching flight level 50, information Mike received. CTL... PIL Squawking 4263, reducing to 250 knots, Sierra Foxtrot 153. CTL...:... PIL Cleared ILS 07, Sierra Foxtrot

172 2 PlL Orly Approach, bonjour, Alpha Golf 235. CTL... PIL Alpha Golf 235, flight level 150, descending to flight level 80, information Kilo received. CTL... PIL Descending to flight level 60, at Mike Echo Lima enter the holding pattern, expected approach time 45, Alpha Golf PIL Orly Approach, Bravo India 196, good morning. CTL... PIL Bravo India 196, reaching flight level 90, information Lima received. CTL... PIL Negative, reaching level 90, Bravo India 196. CTL... PIL Squawking 3127, desending level 70, reducing 200 knots, cleared Mike Echo Lima, report reaching. Bravo India 196. CTL... PIL Cleared ILS approach runway 26, Bravo India PIL Orly Approach, November Juliet 342, good afternoon. CTL... PIL November Juliet 342, flight level 130, descending to level 80, information Papa received. CTL... PIL Affirm, November Juliet 342. CTL... PIL Descending to flight level 50, at Mike Echo Lima, enter the holding pattern, November Juliet PIL Orly Approach, Mike Oscar 725, good afternoon. CTL... PIL Mike Oscar 725, reaching flight level 90, information Tango received. CTL... PIL Squawking idem, descending to level 60, reducing to 210 knots, will report Mike Echo Lima on reaching, Mike Oscar 725. CTL... PIL Cleared ILS 07, Mike Oscar Listen and Answer (from page 160) l(a) What is the problem? The left main landing gear is jammed. (b) What does the pilot do first? He carries out a complete check while in a holding pattern. (c) Then what does he do? He makes a low pass near the Tower. (d) What can the Tower controller see? He can see that the landing gear seems to be fully extended. 2. Why did they overshoot? Because of wind shear on the approach. 3. What problem does Sunair 572 have? They cannot extend the flaps more than

173 4.2.2 Listen and Write (from page 161) 1 PIL Sierra Foxtrot 662, Orly Tower, our left main landing gear is jammed. CTL Sierra Foxtrot 662, what are your intentions? PIL. Request proceed to holding area in order to carry out complete check. CTL Roger, climb 2000 ft and turn left heading 350 to Mike Echo Lima VOR. PIL Climbing to 2000 ft, turning left heading 350 to Mike Echo Lima. (pause) PIL Sierra Foxtrot 662, over Mike Echo Lima 2000 ft, landing gear down but maybe not locked. We intend to make a low pass near the Tower to have the undercarriage checked. CTL Roger, make a low pass at 200 ft heading 200, North of Tower. PIL At 200 ft, heading 200, North of Tower. (pause) CTL SF662, your landing gear seems to be completely extended. PIL SF662, request emergency services and we intend to land. 2 PIL Sunair 594, outer marker. CTL Sunair 594, you're number 1 to land. Caution wind shear reported at 600 feet 2 miles final, runway 07. PIL Number 1 to land, Sunair 594. (pause) PIL Sunair 594, going around. CTL Sunair 594, standard procedure, when passing 1000 ft, turn right to Redhill VOR. 3 PIL Sunair 572, unable to extend flaps beyond 10. Request high speed flat approach to runway 26 which is the longest available. CTL Roger Sunair 572, proceed to holding pattern over RIV VOR while we sort out the traffic, call you back when ready. PIL Thank you Winton, request emergency services for landing, Sunair

174 4.3 FINAL APPROACH AND LANDING Final approach and landing (routine) ICAO ref Caa ref. 7.3 DGAC ref Key words and phrases Check that you understand the words and phrases below. Look up any new words in an aviation dictionary. estimate.. straight in approach established tower outer marker Typical exchange PILOT CONTROLLER 1 pilot calls name of ground station callsign 2 control replies aircraft callsign name of ground station 3 pilot replies callsign flight level 'Estimating (next reporting point) (time) information received 4 control replies aircraft callsign speed reduction instructions clearance to beacon 5 pilot replies readback clearance reducing to knots callsign 5 control aircraft callsign 'expect (type of approach)' runway number QNH 'report established' 165

175 7 pilot replies runway number - -QNH callsign (pause) 8 pilot calls callsign 'established 'runway in sight 10 pilot replies readback frequency callsign 11 pilot calls name of ground station callsign change of frequency control replies aircraft callsign number 1 'contact Tower (frequency) 12 control replies callsign 'report outer marker' 13 pilot replies callsign (pause) 14 pilot calls callsign 'outer marker' 16 pilot replies readback landing clearance --- callsign control replies aircraft callsign landing clearance --- wind direction and strength NOTE In pilot reply 16, ICAO and CAA use 'Cleared to land'; DGAC uses 'Landing. 166

176 Phraseology practice Listen Listen to the dialogue on the tape. Listen and Repeat Listen and repeat the pilot's words. Write Complete the text of the dialogue below, using the flight details given. Check with the tape if necessary. Flight details: callsign SF153, flight level 50, reporting point estimation RED 32, ATIS information M. 1 pilot calls 3 pilot replies 2 control replies SF153, Winton Approach. 4 control replies SF153, reduce speed to 250 knots, cleared RED. 5 pilot replies 6 control SFI53, expect straight in ILS approach runway 07, QNH 1005, report established. 7 pilot replies 8 pilot calls 9 control replies SF153, number 1, contact Tower pilot replies change of frequency 167

177 11 pilot calls 12 control replies SF153, report outer marker. 13 pilot replies 14 pilot calls 16 pilot replies 15 control replies SF153, cleared to land, wind 330, 10 knots Check Check your answers, page 171. Listen and Speak Take the pilot's role in the following three recorded approach sequences. Use the flight details below. Callsign Flight Estimated time ATIS Level at RED 1 SF M 2 AG K 3BI O Check Check your answers, page Final approach and landing (non-routine) Listen and Answer Listen to the dialogues and write down answers to these questions. There are two questions for each dialogue. l(a) Why must Sunair go around? (b) What might cause problems on runway 12? 2(a) Why can't Sunair 350 vacate the runway? 168

178 (b) What do they ask the controller to do? 3(a) Why must Sunair go around? (b) Why does the pilot decide to divert to Overby? Check Check your answers, page 173. Listen and Write Listen to the dialogues again and complete the texts below. 1 PIL Winton Tower, Sunair 323,, good morning. CTL Sunair 323, good morning, you are, report short final. PIL Number 2 to land, Sunair 323. (pause) PIL Sunair 323,. CTL Sunair 323, the aircraft to the runway, go around. PIL, Sunair 323. (pause) PIL Approach, Sunair 323. CTL Sunair 323,, proceed to Redhill, runway 07 is by a. PIL Roger, Sunair 323, to runway 12? CTL Standby one, I'll call you back. CTL Sunair 323, can you a of 18 knots to 25? PIL Affirm, Sunair CTL Sunair 350, cleared to land, wind knots. PIL Cleared to land, Sunair 350. (pause) PIL Winton Tower, Sunair 350, we and have at least 2 We are, please 169

179 advise and we request and buses to take the passengers. 3 PIL Winton Tower, Sunair 697,. CTL Sunair 697, number 1 to land,. (pause) CTL Sunair 697, go around,, there's a. PIL. Confirm the standard procedure, Sunair 697. CTL Climb to 3000 ft and contact Approach on PIL Climbing to 3000 ft, and Approach on PIL Wintcn Approach, Sunair 697. CTL Sunair 697, proceed to Redhill. PIL, we longer than five minutes, do you know? CTL Delay is for the moment there seems to be a problem with the PIL Request to Overby, Sunair 697. Check Check your answers, page 173. Your word list Wine down any words in the dialogues you do not understand, or are not sure about. Try to guess the meaning, in English or in your own language, and write it down. Then check with a dictionary. 170

180 CHECK Write (from page 167) 1 pilot calls Winton Approach, SF control replies SFI53, Winton Approach. 3 pilot replies SF153, FL50, estimating RED 32, information M. 5 pilot replies Cleared RED, reducmg to 250 knots, SF153 4 control replies SF153, reduce speed to 250 knots, cleared RED. 7 pilot replies Runway 07, QNH 1005, SF153 6 control replies SFI53, expect straight-in ILS approach, runway 07, QMH 1005, report established. 8 pilot calls SF153, established, runway 07 in sight 10 pilot replies 118.1, SF153 9 control replies SF153, number 1. contact Tower pilot calls Winton Tower,SF control replies SF153, report outer marker 13 pilot replies SF pilot calls SF153, outer marker 15 control replies SF153. cleared to land, wind 330, 10 knots. 16 pilot replies Cleared to land, SF

181 Listen and Speak (from page 168) 1 PIL Winton Approach, Sierra Foxtrot 153. CTL... PIL Sierra Foxtrot 153, flight level 50, estimating Romeo Echo Delta 32, information Mike. CTL... PIL Cleared Romeo Echo Delta, reducing to 250 knots, Sierra Foxtrot 153. CTL... PIL Runway 07, QNH 1005, Sierra Foxtrot 153. PIL Sierra Foxtrot 153 established, runway 07 in sight. CTL... PIL 118.1, Sierra Foxtrot 153. PIL Winton Tower, Sierra Foxtrot 153. PIL... PIL Sierra Foxtrot 153. PIL Sierra Foxtrot 153, outer marker. CTL... PIL Cleared to land Sierra Foxtrot PIL Winton Approach, Alpha Golf 235. CTL... PIL Alpha Golf 235, leaving flight level 150, descending flight level 80, estimating Romeo Echo Delta 16, information Kilo. CTL... PIL Cleared Romeo Echo Delta, descending flight level 60, Alpha Golf 235. CTL... PIL Squawking Alpha 4263, runway 07, Alpha Golf 235. PIL Alpha Golf 235 established, runway 07 in sight. CTL... PIL 118.1, Alpha Golf 235. PIL Winton Tower, Alpha Golf 235. CTL... PIL Alpha Golf 235. PIL Alpha Golf 235, outer marker. CTL... PIL Cleared to land Alpha Golf PIL Winton Approach, Bravo India 196. CTL... PIL Bravo India 196, flight level 90, estimating Romeo Echo Delta at 54, information Oscar. CTL... PIL Leaving flight level 90, descending to 4000 feet. Bravo India 196. CTL... PIL Runway 07, QNH 1012, Bravo India 196. PIL Bravo India 196, established ILS runway 07. CTL... PIL 118.1, Bravo India 196. PIL Winton Tower, Bravo India!96. CTL

182 РIL Bravo India 196. PIL Bravo India 196, outer marker. CTL... PIL Cleared to land. Bravo India Listen and Answer (from page 168) 1 (a) Why must Sunair go around? The aircraft in front was unable to vacate the runway. (b) What might cause problems on runway 12? There is a strong crosswind. 2(a) Why can't Sunair 350 vacate the runway? They aquaplaned and have at least 2 tyres blown out on main gear. (b) What do they ask the controller to do? Advise company maintenance and arrange for passenger steps and buses. 3(a) Why must Sunair go around? The runway lights have failed. (b) Why does the pilot decide to divert to Overby? They are running short of fuel Listen and Write (from page 169) 1 PIL Winton Tower, Sunair 323, over outer marker, good morning. CTL Sunair 323, good morning, you are number 2 for landing, report short final. PIL Number 2 to land, Sunair 323. (pause) PIL Sunair 323, short final. CTL Sunair 323, the aircraft in front of you is unable to vacate the runway, go around. PIL Going around, Sunair 323. (pause) PIL Approach, Sunair 323. CTL Sunair 323, climb to 4000 ft, proceed to Redhill holding pattern, runway 07 is blocked by a crashed aircraft. PIL Roger, Sunair 323, may we proceed to runway 12? CTL Standby one I'll call you back. CTL Sunair 323, can you accept a crosswind of 18 knots gusting to 25? PIL Affirm, Sunair CTL Sunair 350, cleared to land, wind knots. PIL Cleared to land, Sunair 350. (pause) PIL Winton Tower, Sunair 350, we aquaplaned after touch-down and have at least 2 tyres blown out on right main gear. We are unable to vacate the runway, please advise company maintenance and we request passenger steps and buses to take the passengers to the terminal. 3 PIL Winton Tower, Sunair 697, long final. CTL Sunair 697, number 1 to land, wind calm. (pause) CTL Sunair 697, go around, standard procedure, there's a runway lighting failure. PIL Going around. Confirm the standard procedure, Sunair 697. CTL Climb to 3000 feet on runway heading and contact Approach on

183 PIL Climbing to 3000 ft, and Approach on PIL Wintcn Approach, Sunair 697. CTL Sunair 697, proceed to holding area over Redhill. PIL We're running low on fuel, we cannot hold longer than five minutes, do you know how long the delay will be? CTL Delay is undetermined for the moment there seems to be a problem with the generators. PIL Request divert to Overby, Sunair

184 4.4 AFTER LANDING ICAO ref CAA ref.4.11 DGAC ref After landing (routine) Key words and phrases Check that you understand the following words and phrases. Look up any new words in an aviation dictionary. vacated inner/outer taxiway turn-off Typical exchange PILOT 2 pilot replies readback of frequency callsign 3 pilot calls name of ground station callsign 'runway vacated' CONTROLLER 1 control calls callsign taxi instruction frequency change 4 control replies callsign taxi instructions parking stand number 5 pilot replies -- readback of taxi instructions -- stand number -- callsign 175

185 Phraseology practice Listen Listen to the recorded dialogue. Listen and Repeat Listen again and repeat the pilot's words. Write Complete the text below by writing in the pilot's words. Check with the tape if necessary. 1 control calls SFI53, take the first right and contact Ground on pilot replies 3 pilot calls 4 control replies SF153, take the second left, inner taxi way, to stand D7. 5 pilot replies Check Check your answers, page 178. Listen and Speak: Reply to the taxi instructions for the following flights in a similar way. Listen to the example first. Then continue in the same way, starting with the example again. No Callsign 1 SF153 2 AG235 3 BI196 4 NJ342 5 MO725 Check Check your answers, page

186 4.4.2 After landing (non-routine) Listen and Answer Listen to the dialogues and write down the answers to these questions. 1. Why does Sunair have to hold on the taxiway? 2. Why does Sunair need a tug? Check Check your answers, page 179. Listen and Write Listen to the dialogues again and complete the texts below. 1 CTL Sunair 229, take the, then PIL Sunair 229, CTL Sunair 229, a 727 and is the taxiway. You'll have to wait. beyond the next PIL Roger,., Sunair CTL Sunair 223, take the, left and contact Ground on PIL 121.7, Sunair 223. PIL Winton Ground, Sunair 223, good morning. We seem to have had on Request. CTL Roger, Sunair 223, can you 50 yards or so the next intersection? PIL Affirm, I think we can that slowly. CTL Thank you Sunair 223, we'll as soon as possible. Check Check your answers, page 179. Your word list Write down any words in the dialogues you do not understand or are not sure about. Try to guess the meaning, in Engjish or in your own language, and write it down. Then check with a dictionary. 177

187 CHECK Write (from page 176) 1 control calls SFI53, take the first right and contact Ground on pilot replies 121.9, SF153 3 pilot calls Winton Ground, SF153, runway vacated 4 control replies SF153, take the second left, inner taxiway, to stand D7. 5 pilot replies Second left, inner taxiway, stand D7, SF Listen and Speak (from page 176) 1 CTL... PIL 121.9, Sierra Foxtrot 153. PIL Winton Ground, Sierra Foxtrot 153, runway vacated. CTL... PIL Second left, inner taxiway, stand Delta 7, Sierra Foxtrot CTL... PIL 121.6, Alpha Golf 235. PIL Winton Ground, Alpha Golf 235, runway vacated. CTL... PIL Taxiway Bravo, stand Chariie 10, Alpha Golf CTL... PIL 121.8, Bravo India 196. PIL Winton Ground, Bravo India 196, runway vacated. CTL... PIL Turn right, outer taxiway, gate 39, Bravo India CTL... PIL 121.6, November Juliet 342. PIL Winton Ground, November Juliet 342, runway vacated. CTL... PIL Taxiway Bravo, stand 12, November Juliet CTL... PIL 121.6, Mike Oscar 725. PIL Winton Ground, Mike Oscar 725, runway vacated. CTL... PIL Straight ahead, first right, taxiway Bravo, stand 28, Mike Oscar

188 4.4.2 Listen and Answer (from page 176) 1. Why does Sunair have to hold on the taxi way? A 727 has taken a wrong turning and is blocking the taxiway. 2. Why does Sunair need a tug? They have had a tyre blow out on the nose gear Listen and Write (from page 177) 1 CTL Sunair 229, take the first convenient turn-off, then turn right into taxiway Bravo. PIL Sunair 229, runway vacated. CTL Sunair 229, stop taxi, a 727 has taken a wrong turning ar.d is blocking the taxiway. You'll have to wait until a tug pushes him back beyond the next intersection. PIL Roger, holding, Sunair CTL Sunair 223, take the second left and contact Ground on PIL 121.7, Sunair 223. PIL Winton Ground, Sunair 223, good morning. We seem to have had a nose gear tyre blow out on landing. Request a tug to tow us to the apron. CTL Roger, Sunair 223, can you move forward under your own power, 50 yards or so until you're past the next intersection? PIL Affirm, I think we can manage that, slowly. CTL Thank you Sunair 223, we'll get a rug out to you as soon as possible. 179

189 4.5 REVIEW OF PART FOUR Flight from Rexbury to Winton (approach and landing) Listen and Read You are now in contact with Valley Control, cruising at FL270 and preparing for descent. You expect to change to Meadow Control soon. The next reporting point is RED (Redhill) VOR. For further details (Winton radio frequencies) turn to page 49. Listen and Speak You are ready to begin your descent towards Winton. Listen to the recording, follow the instructions and reply to the controller. The recording begins with Winton ATIS. Check Check your answers, page Flight from Dublin to Paris (descent and landing) Listen and Read Flight plan details: Callsign SF309. (Note that for historical reasons the callsign letters Sylvia Foxtrot are sometimes pronounced as Safa.) Look again at the maps on pages Listen and Speak Take the pilot's pan. Follow the instructions and reply to the controller. SF309 is cruising at FL310 and preparing for descent. The recording begins with Paris Orly Arrival ATIS. Check Check your answers, page

190 CHECK Listen and Speak (from page 180) ATIS This is Winton information Lima recorded at Zulu time. Runway for landing 25, for take-off 30, transition level 50, surface wind knots visibility 8000 metres, 3 oktas stratocumulus at 3500 ft, temp 12, dew point I I, QNH On initial contact report information Lima received. PIL Sunair 367, ready for descent. CTL... PIL Descending FL190, Meadow Control 128.5, goodbye. PIL Meadow Control, Sunair 367, good afternoon. CTL... PIL Descending FL120, RED direct, Sunair 367. CTL PIL Winton Approach on 121.3, Sunair 367, goodbye. PIL Winton Approach, Sunair 367, good afternoon. CTL... PIL To intercept the Redhill VOR 070 radial and descending to FL60, expecting ILS approach runway 25, Sunair 367. PIL Sunair 367, reaching FL70, descending to 60. CTL PIL Winton Radar on 121.1, Sunair 367, goodbye. PIL Winton Radar, Sunair 367, good afternoon. CTL... PIL Descending to 3000 ft, QNH 1020, turning right heading 160, Sunair 367. CTL... PIL Descending to 2000 ft, turning right heading 230, Sunair 367. PIL Sunair 367, established on the glide slope. CTL... PIL Tower 118.1, Sunair 367, goodbye. PIL Tower, Sunair 367, good afternoon. CTL... PIL Number 2 to land, Sunair 367. PIL Sunair 367, outer marker. CTL... PIL Cleared to land, Sunair 367. PIL Sunair 367, runway vacated. CTL... PIL 121.7, Sunair 367, goodbye. PIL Ground, Sunair 367, good afternoon. CTL...!. PIL Second left, inner taxiway, stand D7, Sunair Listen and Speak (from page 180) ATIS landing runway 26, take-off runway 25, attention taxiway 2A closed, attention bird situaiion, surface wind knots, visibility 10 km, 3 oktas 350 metres, 6 oktas 7000 metres, temperature +10, dew point +8, QNH 1017mbQFE 1006 mb, transition level 40, CDG is facing West, confirm information India received on initial contact. 182

191 PH. Paris, SF309, ready to descend. CTL... PEL , SF309, goodbye. PIL Paris, SF309, bonjour. CTL... PIL Descending to FL240 initially, SF309. CTL... PIL Descending to FL110, SF309. CTL... PIL Descending to FL80, SF309. CTL... PIL Turning left to Reymy, SF3O9. PIL Reaching FL80, SF309. CTL... PIL Orly Approach , SF309, goodbye. PIL Orly Approach, SF309, good afternoon. CTL... PIL Squawking 4244, SF309. PIL SF309, reaching Reymy. CTL... PIL TSU, radial 075, runway 26, SF309. CTL... PIL 300, SF309. CTL... CTL... PIL Reducing to 250 knots, descending to 4000 feet. QNH1017, SF3O9. PIL SF309, reaching 4000 feet. CTL... PIL Descending to 3000 feet, SF309. CTL... PIL Heading 170, SF309. CTL... PIL Turning right heading 230, cleared ILS 26, SF309. CTL... PIL 180 knots till OYP. change 118.7, SF309, goodbye. PIL Orly, SF309, bonjour. CTL...:..... PIL Roger. CTL.... PIL Negative, 180 knots, SF309. PIL SF309, over outer marker. CTL

192 PIL Cleared to land, SF309. CTL... PIL First right, Ground 121.7, SF309. PIL Ground, SF309, runway vacated. CTL... PIL Delta 8, SF

193 4.6 SUPPLEMENTARY VOCABULARY Aviation Jobs Read and Write Here is a table with the names of jobs in aviation, followed by a list of definitions of the jobs. Match the jobs with the definitions, and write the definitions in the table. Jobs co-ordinator Definitions ticket sales clerk Controller station manager flight engineer Purser Captain reservations clerk customs officer shuttle bus driver Marshaller flight attendant baggage handler DEFINITIONS a person who works in the cabin the third crew member in the cockpit this person helps the pilot to park the plane the person in the left-hand seat in the cockpit the boss of the ground staff the person in charge of the bus from the plane to the terminal someone who loads and unloads the luggage this person may work in the Tower the person who can inspect passengers' luggage the person who sells tickets the person who works mainly on the telephone the first person to come on board when a flight arrives the chief of the cabin crew Check Check your answers, page

194 CHECK 4.6 Read and Wiite (from page 185) Jobs co-ordinator ticket sales clerk controller station manager flight engineer purser captain reservations clerk customs officer shuttle bus driver marshaller flight attendant baggage handler Definitions the first person to come on board when a flight arrives the person who sells tickets this person may work in the Tower the boss of the ground staff the third crew member in the cockpit the chief of the cabin crew the person in the left-hand seat in the cockpit the person who works mainly on the telephone the person who can inspect passengers' luggage the person in charge of the bus from the plane to the terminal this person helps the pilot to park the plane a person who works in the cabin someone who loads and unloads the luggage 186

195 Part Five Final review

196 5.1 REXBURY TO WINTON (COMPLETE FLIGHT) Scenario Read Winton is 1200 nautical miles East of Rexbury. The alternate for Winton is Overby, 75 nautical miles North West of Winton. Newbridge Airport is 50 miles South East of Rexbury. Rexbury Airport Winton Airport Runway: 29 Runways: 07, 12 Taxiways: Yankee, Delta Taxiways: Inner/Outer SID's: November 2, Romeo 1, Golf 5 Tower frequency: Tower frequency: Winton Radar frequency: Approach frequency: Approach frequency: Rexbury Area Control: Ground frequency: 12i.7 VOR-RED (Redhill) En route New County Upper Control: Valley Control: Meadow Control: Reporting points RIV (River) BCK (Blackrock) LAK (Lake) RED (Redhili) Listen and Read You are flying from Rexbury to Winton. Your callsign is Sunair 367, your stand is 19. The time is The recording begins with ATIS information, and then asks you to make initial contact with Rexbury Ground. Listen and Speak Follow the instructions on the tape, and reply to the controller. If necessary, you can read the controller's part included below. But then try to reply without reading the controller's part. Check Check your answers, page 193. Tapescript of recorded simulation (controllers pan only). The dotted lines (...) show where the pilot (you) should speak. ATIS (twice): This is Rexbury departure information Foxtrot at Zulu time. Takeoff and landing runway 29, wind knots, CAVOK, temperature 14, dew point I I, QNH 1023, no sig. This was information Foxtrot. PIL (call Rexbury Ground)... CTL Good afternoon, Sunair 367, go ahead. 189

197 PIL (ask for start-up)... CTL Say again stand number, Sunair 367. PIL... CTL Sunair 367, start-up approved, PIL... CTL Sunair 367, here is your АТС clearance. PIL.... CTL АТС clears Sunair 367 to destination Winton airport via flight planned route. Golf 5 departure, climb initially to FL110, expect level change en route. PIL... CTL That is correct, Sunair 367. PIL (call for push-back)... CTL Sunair 367, push-back approved, taxi to holding point 29 via taxiway Delta. PIL... CTL Sunair 367, contact Tower now on PIL... PIL (call reaching holding point)... CTL Sunair 367, report the 727 on final in sight. PIL... CTL Behind the landing 727, line up behind, PIL... PIL (call ready for departure)... CTL Sunair 367, cleared for take-off, wind knots. PIL... CTL Sunair 367, airborne 04, climb on present heading to FL1.10, contact Rexbury Control on PIL... CTL Sunair 367, Rexbury Control, good afternoon. Turn right now heading 050 and continue climb to flight level 220. PIL... CTL Sunair 367, proceed now to Romeo India Victor VOR and recleared to flight level 270, cruising level. PIL... PIL {ask if you can have flight level 330)... CTL Standby Sunair, I'll call you back. CTL Sunair 367, can you accept flight level 370? PIL (you can t)... CTL Sunair 367, climb to flight level 270, report when reaching. PIL... PIL (call at flight level 270)... CTL Roger, Sunair 367, change now to New County Upper Control, frequency 135.9, goodbye. PIL

198 PIL (call New County Upper Control)... CTL Good afternoon, Sunair 367, continue to Blackrock, repon when reaching;. PIL... (you now tune in to Winton Volmet) VOLMET This is Winton Volmet. This is Winton Volmet. Winton airport at knots, 8000 metres, 3 oktas 3500 ft. temp 12, dew point 11, QNH 1020, no sig. Overby at knots, 10 km or more, 4 oktas 2000 ft, temp 8, dew point 6, QNH 1020, no sig. Newbridge at knots, 3000 metres, mist, 3 oktas 500 ft, temp 6, dew point 4, QNH 1016, no sig. CTL Sunair 367, unknown traffic 10 o'clock, 8 miles, moving from left to right. PIL (you see the traffic, reply)... CTL Roger. CTL Sunair 367, contact Valley Control now on 128.5, goodbye. PIL... PIL (call Valley Control)... CTL Sunair 367, good afternoon, continue to Blackrock, report reaching. PIL... PIL {call over Blackrock)... CTL Roger, Sunair 367, proceed to Lima Alpha Kilo direct. PIL... PIL (you want to turn 30 right to avoid build-up)... CTL Roger. Sunair 367, what is your present heading? PIL (025, reply)... CTL Sunair 367, turn right heading 050 for 15 miles, report back on track. PIL (you have passed the build-up)... CTL Roger, Sunair 367, resume own navigation to Lake. PIL... PIL (call over LAK)... CTL Sunair 367, proceed to Romeo Echo Delta, call me back when ready for descent. PIL... (you now tune in to Winton ATIS) ATIS (twice) This is Winton information Lima recorded at Zulu time. Runway for landing 25 for take-off 30, transition level 50, surface wind knots, visibility 8000 metres, 3 oktas strato-cumulus at 3500 ft, temp 12, dew point 11, QNH On initial contact report information Lima received. PIL (ask for descent)... CTL Sunair 367, descend to flight level 190 and contact Meadow Control on 128.5, goodbye. PIL... PIL (call Meadow Control)

199 CTL Good afternoon, Sunair 367, radar contact, descend to flight level 120 Romeo Echo Delta VOR direct. PIL... CTL Sunair 367, you are approaching Romeo Echo Delta, contact Winton Approach now on 121.3, goodbye. PIL... PIL (call Winton Approach)... CTL Good afternoon, Sunair 367, radar identified, passing Romeo Echo Delta VOR. Intercept radial 070 Romeo Echo Delta VOR and descend to flight level 60, expect radar vectoring to ILS runway 25, report crossing 70. PIL... PIL {call reaching 70)... CTL Sunair 367, contact Winton Radar on 121.1, goodbye. PIL... PIL (call Winton Radar)... CTL Good afternoon, 367, radar contact, descend to 3000 ft, QNH Take heading 160. PIL... CTL Sunair 367, continue descent to 2000 ft. turn right heading230, cleared for ILS approach runway 25, report established. PIL... PIL (call established)... CTL Sunair 367, contact Tower on 118.1, goodbye. PIL... PIL (call Tower)... CTL Good afternoon, Sunair 367, number 2 to land, number I at touch down, report over outer marker. PIL... PIL (call at outer marker)... CTL Sunair 367, clear to land runway 25, wind knots. PIL... PIL (call runway vacated)... CTL Roger, Sunair 367, contact Ground on PIL... PIL (call Ground)... CTL Sunair 367, good afternoon, take the second left onto the irmer taxiway, stand Delta 7. PIL

200 CHECK 5.1 Listen and Read (from page 189) AT1S This is Rexbury departure information Foxtrot at Zulu time. Take-off and landing runway 29, wind knots, CAVOK, temperature 14, dew point 11, QNH 1023, no sig. This was information Foxtrot. PIL Rexbury Ground, Sunair 367, good afternoon. CTL... PIL Sunair 367, stand 19, information Foxtrot received, request start-up. CTL... PIL Stand 19, Sunair 367. CTL... PIL Starting up, Sunair 367. CTL... PIL Ready to copy. CTL... PIL Sunair 367 is cleared to Winton via flight planned route. Golf 5 departure, climb to FL110 initially, level change en route. CTL... PIL Sunair 367, request push-back ' * CTL... PIL Holding point 29, taxi way D, Sunair 367. CTL... PIL Tower on 118.3, goodbye. PIL Rexbury Tower, Sunair 367, good afternoon, reaching holding point 29. CTL... PIL Sunair 367, 727 in sight. CTL... PIL Behind the landing 727 line up, Sunair 367. PIL Ready for departure, Sunair 367. CTL... PIL Cleared for take-off, Sunair 367. CTL... PIL Climbing to FL1I0, Rexbury Control on 128.8, Sunair 367, goodbye. PIL Rexbury Control, Sunair 367, good afternoon. CTL... PIL Right turn, heading 050, climbing,to FL220, Sunair 367. CTL... PIL Climbing to FL270, direct to Romeo India Victor VOR, Sunair 367. PIL Sunair 367, is FL330 available? CTL... CTL

201 PIL Negative, Sunair 367. CTL... PIL Climbing to FL270, Sunair 367. PIL Sunair 367, reaching FL270. CTL... PIL 135.9, Sunair 367, goodbye. PIL New County Upper Control, Sunair 367, good afternoon. CTL... PIL Continue to Blackrock, report reaching, Sunair 367. VOLMET This is Winton Volmet. This is Winton Volmet. Winton airport at 14.30, knots, 8000 metres, 3 oktas 3500 ft, temperature 12, dew point 11, QNH 1020, no sig. Overby at 14.30, knots, 10 km or more, 4 oktas 2000 ft, temperature 8, dew point 6, QNH 1020, no sig. Newbridge at 14.30, knots, 3000 metres, mist, 3 oktas 500 ft, temperature 6, dew point 4, QNH 1016, no sig. CTL... PIL Roger, traffic in sight, Sunair 367. CTL... CTL... PIL 128.5, Sunair 367, goodbye. PIL Valley Control, Sunair 367, good afternoon. Estimating BCK at 48. CTL... PIL Roger, continue to Blackrock. PIL Sunair 367, over Blackrock this time, estimating LAK at 15. CTL... PIL Roger. PIL Sunair 367, request turn right 30 to avoid build-up. CTL... PIL 025, Sunair 367. CTL... PIL Turning right, heading 050, Sunair 367. PIL Sunair 367, we have passed the build-up, are now back on track. CTL... PIL Proceeding to Lake, Sunair 367. PIL Over LAK this time, Sunair 367. CTL... PIL To RED, Sunair

202 ATIS This is Winton information Lima recorded at Zulu time. Runway for landing 25 for take-off 30, transition level 50, surface wind 280* 10 knots, visibility 8000 metres, 3 oktas strato cumulus at 3500 ft, temperature 12, dew point 11, QNH On initial contact report information Lima received. PIL Sunair 367, ready for descent. CTL... PIL Descending FL190, Meadow Control 128.5, goodbye. PIL Meadow Control, Sunair 367, good afternoon. CTL... PIL Descending FL120, RED direct, Sunair 367. CTL... PIL Winton Approach on 121.3, Sunair 367, goodbye. PIL Winton Approach, Sunair 367, good afternoon. CTL... PIL To intercept the Redhill VOR 070 radial and descending to FL60, expecting ILS approach runway 25, Sunair 367. PIL Sunair 367, reaching FL70, descending to 60. CTL... PIL Winton Radar on 121.1, Sunair 367, goodbye. PIL Winton Radar, Sunair 367, good afternoon. CTL... PIL Descending to 3000 ft, QNH 1020, turning right heading 160, Sunair 367. CTL... PIL Descending to 2000 ft, turning right heading 230, Sunair 367. PIL Surair 367, established on the glide slope. CTL... PIL Tower 118.1, Sunair 367, goodbye. PIL Tower, Sunair 367, good afternoon. CTL... PIL Number 2 to land, Sunair 367. PIL Sunair 367, outer marker. CTL... PIL Cleared to land, Sunair 367. PIL Sunair 367, runway vacated. CTL... PIL 121.7, Sunair 367, goodbye. PIL Ground, Sunair 367, good afternoon. CTL... PIL Second left, inner taxiway, stand D7, Sunair

203 5.2 DUBLIN TO PARIS (COMPLETE FLIGHT) Read Before you start this simulation, study the following details carefully. Dublin airport: runways 11, 17, 23 Tower frequency Route to Paris and reporting points: Liffy Wallasey (WAL) Telba Midhurst (MID) Sitet Etrat Reymy Toussus Orly (OYE) Frequencies en route Dublin Control France Control London Control Paris Control London Control Orly Approach London Control Orly Tower Orly airport: runway 26, Ground frequency Study the maps on pages Listen and Read You are flying from Dublin to Paris. Your callsign is SF309. Note that the callsign letters Sierra Foxtrot are often abbreviated to Sierra Fox, and are some times pronounced as Safa. The recording begins by asking you to make initial contact with Dublin Ground. Listen and Speak Follow the instructions on the tape, and reply to the controller. If necessary, you can read the controller's part below. But then try to reply without reading the controller's part. Check Check your answers, page 200. Tapescript of Dublin-Paris simulation (controller's pan only). The dotted lines (...) show where the pilot (you) should speak. PIL {call Ground)... CTL SF309, Ground, good morning. PIL {ready to start-up in 20 minutes)... CTL Yes, that is OK, no restrictions into Orly. PIL {ask for departure runway)... CTL Runway 17, surface wind knots. PIL... CTL 309, Ground, your АТС clearance. PIL... CTL SF309, cleared Dublin to Paris, Orly via Liffy Blue I, flight planned route, FL23O, to request level change. PIL

204 CTL.... request level change is correct, cleared enter backtrack runway 11, contact Dublin Tower frequency 118.6, good morning. PIL... PIL (call Tower)... CTL Roger, 309, backtrack 11, expedite the taxi please and cleared to line up and hold runway 17. PIL... CTL That's it 309. PIL (call ready to depart)... CTL Roger, 309 is clear to take-off runway 17. It's a left turn-out direct for Liffy, wind is knots. PIL... CTL That is correct. CTL 309 airborne, time 23, contact Dublin Control PIL... PIL {call Dublin)... CTL SF309, direct Liffy climb FL230. PIL... CTL SF309, report FL. PIL (level 100)... CTL SF309, continue climb to 230, call London PIL... PIL (call London)... CTL SF309, squawk 5260, maintain 230 on reaching. PIL... CTL SF309, climb to FL290. PIL... CTL SF309, climb to FL330. PIL... CTL SF309, what is your heading? PIL (100)... CTL SF309, roger, turn right heading 125. PIL... PIL (call FL330)... CTL SF309, resume own navigation to Honiley. PIL... CTL SF3O9, correction the last message. You can set course direct to Midhurst. PIL... CTL SF3O9, contact London 133.7, good day. PIL... PIL (call London)... CTL SF309, good day, maintain FL330, present position direct Midhurst. 197

205 PIL... CTL SF3O9, contact London now PIL... PIL (call London)... CTL SF309, good afternoon, maintain FL33O. PIL... CTL SF309. PIL... CTL SF309, descend to FL310. PIL... CTL SF309, continue now with Paris PIL... PIL (call Paris)... CTL SF309, bonjour, maintain FL3I0 standard routing, Reymy clearance limit, runway 26 at Orly, squawk PIL... (be ready to copy Orly AT IS) ATIS... landing runway 26, take-off runway 25, attention taxiway 2A closed, attention bird situation, surface wind knots, visibility 10 km, 3oktas 350 m, 6 oktas 7000 m, temperature +10, dew point + 8.QNH 1017mb,QFE 1006 mb, transition level 40, Charles de Gaulle is facing West. Confirm information I received on initial contact. PIL (call and ask for descent)... CTL SF309, cleared FL 250, contact Paris , goodbye. PIL... PIL (call Paris)... CTL SF309, good evening, clearance FL240 initially, I'll call you back. PIL... CTL SF309, recleared down FL110. PIL... CTL SF309, recleared down FL80 now. PIL... CTL SF309, you turn left to Reymy now. PIL... PIL, (call reaching FL80)... CTL SF309, roger, call Orly Approach now , goodbye sir. PIL... PIL (call Orly)... CTL Good afternoon, 309, your squawk on PIL... PIL (call reaching Reymy)... CTL SF309, radar contact, cross to TSU now radar vectoring runway 26 after Toussus radial 075 PIL

206 CTL SF309, what's your speed? PIL (300)... CTL Roger. CTL SF309, reduce 250 knots and after descend 4000 feet, QXH PIL... PIL (call reaching 4000 feet)... CTL Roger, descend 3000 feet. CTL SF309, heading 170. PIL...:... CTL SF3O9, turn right heading 230 cleared ILS 26. PIL... CTL SF309, maintain 180 knots minimum till OYE, call Airport 118.7, bye. PIL... PIL (call Orly)... CTL SF309, bonjour, report passing outer marker runway 26. PIL... CTL SF309, 160 knots? PIL (your speed is 180 knots, reply)... CTL OK. PIL (call over outer marker)... CTL SF309, clear to land, wind knots. PIL... CTL SF309, first right and call Ground PIL... PIL (call Ground, runway vacated)... CTL SF309, bonjour, taxi for D8. PIL

207 CHECK 5.2 Listen and Speak from page 196 PIL Dublin Ground, SF309. CTL... PIL We'll be ready to start-up in 20 minutes. CTL... PIL SF309, what is the departure runway? CTL... PIL 17, knots. CTL... PIL Ready to copy, SF309. CTL... PIL SF309 is cleared to Paris, Orly via Liffy Blue 1, flight planned route, FL230, to request level change en route. CTL... PIL Back track runway 11, Tower 118.6, SF309. PIL Tower, SF309, good afternoon. CTL...:... PIL Backtrack 11, expediting, approved to line up and wait runway 17. CTL... PIL SF309, ready to depart. CTL... PIL Cleared to take-off runway 17, left turn-out direct Liffy, knots. CTL... CTL... PIL Dublin 128.0, SF309, goodbye. PIL Dublin, SF309, good afternoon. CTL... PIL Direct Liffy, climbing FL230, SF309. CTL... PIL FL100, SF309. CTL... PIL Climbing to FL230, London , SF309. PIL London, SF3O9, good afternoon. CTL...:... PIL Maintain 230 on reaching, squawking CTL... PIL Climbing to FL290, SF309. CTL... PIL Climbing to FL330, SF3O9. CTL... PIL Heading 100, SF

208 CTL... PIL Turning right, heading 125. PIL SF309, reaching FL330. CTL... PIL Own navigation to Honiley, SF309. CTL... PIL Direct to Midhurst, SF309. CTL... PIL PIL London 133.7, SF3O9, good day. London, SF309, good afternoon. CTL... PIL Maintaining FL330, direct Midhurst, SF309. CTL... -'- PIL London 127.7, SF309. PIL London, SF309, good afternoon. CTL... PIL Maintaining FL330, SF309. CTL... PIL Go ahead, SF309. CTL... PIL Descending to FL310. CTL... PIL Paris PIL Paris, SF309, Paris, good afternoon. CTL... PIL Maintaining FL3I0, cleared to Reymy, squawking ATIS... PIL Paris, SF309, ready to descend. CTL... PIL , SF309, goodbye. PIL Paris, SF309, bonjour. CTL... PIL Descending to FL240 initially, SF309. CTL... PIL Descending to FLUO, SF309. CTL... PIL Descending to FL80, SF3O9. CTL...i... PIL Turning left to Reymy, SF309. PIL Reaching FL80, SF309. CTL... PIL Orly Approach , SF309, goodbye. PIL Orly Approach, SF309, good afternoon. 201

209 CTL... PIL PIL. Squawking 4244, SF3O9. SF309, reaching Reymy. CTL... PIL TSU, radial 075, runway 26, SF309. CTL... PIL 300, SF3O9. CTL... CTL... PIL PIL Reducing to 250 knots, descending to 4000 feet, QNH1017, SF3O9. SF309, reaching 4000 feet. CTL... PIL Descending to 3000 feet, SF309. CTL... PIL Heading 170, SF309. CTL... PIL Turning right heading 230, cleared ILS 26, SF309. CTL... PIL PIL 180 knots till OYE, change 118.7, SF309, goodbye. Orly, SF309, bonjour. CTL... PIL Roger. CTL... PIL 160 knots, SF3O9. PIL SF309, over outer marker. CTL... PIL Cleared to land, SF309. CTL... PIL First right. Ground 121.7, SF309. PIL Ground, SF3O9, runway vacated. CTL... PIL Delta 8, SF3O9. 202

210 Tapescript for controller s part and for non-dialogue tasks

211 The controller's words will not normal]у be read by 1.2 (page 11) the student. However, it may occasionally be useful Listen for students to see the controller's words, for exam- Listen and Repeat pie in pairwork practice. There may also be occasions Write when the teacher wishes to read out the controller's See CHECK Section {page 12) words to students. To avoid duplication, reference is made to the 1.2 (page 11) CHECK Sections, in cases where the controller's Listen and Speak words can be found there. 1 CTL SF196, here is your clearance (page 4) PIL... Listen CTL Rexbury ATC clears SF196 to Winton via Listen and Repet flight planned route, N2 departure left turn- Wright out after departure, climb to and maintain See CHECK section (page 7) FL250, request level change en route, contact when airborne, and squawk (page 4) PIL.... Listen and Speak 2 CTL Sunair 926, here is your clearance. PIL.. 1 PIL (ask for departure information)... CTL Frankfurt ATC clears Sunair 926 to Paris CTL. SF398, runway in use 29, wind 350' 23 knots Charles de Gaulle, via Upper Red 10, gusting 30. temperature 12. dew point 10, run- Standard Instrument Departure 31, climb to way is wet, braking action good. QNH1023. and maintain FL290, contact Approach on PIL.. when airborne. 2 PIL (ask for departure information)...: PIL... CTL Kilo Mike 563, 60* 18 knots, temperature-2, dew point -6, QNH 1008, take-off runway 08 3 CTL Sunair 831, here is your clearance. PIL... PIL... 3 PIL (ask for departure information). CTL Rexbury АТС clears Sunair 831 to CTL Sierra Victor 295, QNH 1014, temperature 23, Winton via flight planned route, Romeo 1 dew point 21, surface wind 180* 9 knots, take off depanure, left turn-out after departure, flight runway 23. level 210 initially, request level change en route, contact Approach on frequency when airborne. PIL... PIL... 4 PIL (ask for departure information) CTL Sunair 435, clearance. CTL Charlie Uniform 759, latest take-off data PJL.. wind calm, temperature 18. dew point 16. run- CTL Winton АТС clears Sunair 435 to Rexbury, way in use 33 Right, QNH 1015, taxiway India Oscar 3 departure, climb on runway heading closed. to FL160, squawk 1537, contact when PIL... airborne. 5 PIL (ask for departure information)... PIL... CTL Juliet Delta, runway in use 19 Left, CTL Sunair 921, here is your clearance. knots gusting to 25, QNH temperature PIL 8, dew point 5. CTL Winton АТС clears Sunair 921 to Rexbury, PIL.. Whisky 1 departure, flight planned route, flight 6 PIL (ask for departure information)... level 150 initially, request level change en CTL Echo November 926, runway in use 21, wind route, squawk frequency when knots, temperature +2. dew point airborne. minus 1, QNH PIL... PIL (page 5) (page 15) Wright (Exercises I and 2) 1 PIL Winton Ground, SF153, good morning. CHECK Section (pages 7-9) 205

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