Green Industrial Technologies for a Sustainable Europe - Brussels, 3rd October 2012

Transcription

1 Green Industrial Technologies for a Sustainable Europe - Brussels, 3rd October 2012 Towards a low-carbon mobility: LPG as automotive fuel Salvatore Piccolo, Manager Autogas Group Assogasliquidi/Federchimica

2 LPG: the first pillar of the UE long term LPG: the first pillar of the UE long-term strategy of sustainable mobility

3 Prompt and concrete c alternativeat

4 Prompt and concrete alternative Competitive price and large offer of models

5 LPG sources

6 LPG supply (surplus)

7 WTW CO2 emissions of conventional LPG Diesel 89,1(grCO2eq/MJ); Benzina 87,5; Metano 76,7; GPL 73,6.

8 LPG DI systems Source: MTM BRC gas equipment

9 LPG DI systems Envi advantages vs petrol DI: 1. Significant reduction of PM emissions 2. Important reduction of cranckcase-oil dilution 3. Same or better performances 4. Less cold-start emissions (CO, HC) leaner mix 5. CO2 emissions reduction of about 7-10% Envi advantages vs LPG PFI (bi-fuel): 1. Engine start-up on LPG: less consumption of petrol in gas mode 2. Less cold-start emissions (CO, HC) leaner mix 3. CO2 emissions reduction of about 5-10% 4. better performances Source: MTM BRC gas equipment

10 LPG DI systems Model Injection Displ. Power Ratio Torque Ratio CO 2 emissions Ratio type [cm 3 ] [kw] [Nm] [g/km] Golf 1.4 petrol PI % % % Golf 1.2 TSI petrol DI % % % Golf lf12tsi 1.2 LPG LPG DI % % % Passat 1.6 petrol PI % % % Passat TSI petrol DI % % % Passat 1.4 TSI LPG LPG DI % % % C Max 1.6 petrol PI % % % C Max 1.6 Ecoboost petrol DI % % % C Max 1.6 Ecoboost LPG DI % % % Source: MTM BRC gas equipment

11 Dual-fuel systems (LPG-diesel) Contemporary use of LPG and diesel No modification to Diesel engine LPG introduced in the engine through additional injectors LPG stored onboard in a separate gas tank (range extended) Fuel cost reduction (savings depending on gaseous fuel cost) Possibility of maintaining the Diesel mode Low-cost and flexible eco-upgrading Source: Landi Renzo gas equipment

12 Dual-fuel systems (LPG-diesel) Environmental benefits: Less PM, proportional to diesel reduction: 10-20% Less smoke: -15% NOx lower than Diesel especially at high loads Slight reduction of CO2 emissions Less noise emissions Source: Landi Renzo gas equipment

13 LPI Hybrid Hyundai/Kia LPI Hybrid combines a four cylinder 1.6 LPI engine of 84 kw and 15kW electric motor (99kW total) Fuel economy of 5,6 l/100km (Urban) CO2 emissions of just 99grams/km (-32% vs equivalent standard petrol powered model); 90% fewer emissions than an equivalent standard petrol powered model (SULEV) Surce: Hyundai press release 2009

14 Biopropane Biopropane Different types of thermal and chemical production processes Either as a by product or as the principal output The maturity of these technologies varies considerably (laboratory bench, scale up, ready to market) Chemically identical to petroleum derived LP Gas: no need to modify the existing LP Gas equipment Bio DME alternative to biopropane when blended in fossil LPG: DME can be blended with LP Gas in a proportion of up to 25 30% for use as autogas without modifications to equipment or distribution networks (source: International DME Association) The potential for blending bio DME into LP Gas will depend partly on harmonising standards (risk of blends inadvertently exceeding technical limits because of the greater propensity for condensation of DME in cylinders and tanks).

15 Biopropane These technologies can be categorized according to the type of feedstock vegetable oil, wood and other starchy material and sugar, process hydrogenation, gasification, pyrolysis, and outupts

16 Biopropane Only HDRD (Hydrogenation-Derived Renewable Diesel) yielding significant volumes of biopropane as a by-product is in full commercial use today 3 Neste BTL plants into production (a fourth onstream) but no biopropane is marketed as yet; about 7.5% of the total output stream; production capacity of t a significant volume, but nonetheless equal to only 0.06% of global LP Gas supply The first supplies will be available to the market from the first quarter of 2013; The prospects for expanding production from HDRD plants and emerging second-generation biofuels technologies under development depend on: production costs, government incentives (blending mandates, subsidies and favourable taxation); oil prices.