Health Care Informatics. Field of health informatics is > 40 years. Now it is important component of the overall practice of medicine.

Transcription

1 Origin of Health Informatics: Health Care Informatics Field of health informatics is > 40 years. Now it is important component of the overall practice of medicine. Data: Data is raw, unorganized facts that need to be processed. Data can be something simple and seemingly random and useless until it is organized Information: Information is data that has been processed into a form that is meaningful to the recipient Data Processing Information Knowledge: Is a familiarity, awareness or understanding of someone or something, such as facts, information, descriptions, or skills, which is acquired through experience or education by perceiving, discovering, or learning Wisdom Knowledge Information Data (DIKW Pyramid)

2 Characteristics of useful information: 1. Timely. Information System: 2. High quality. 3. Complete. 4. Relevant. 5. Understandable It is any combination of information technology and people's activities using that technology to support operations, management, and decision making. Informatics: The science of information Health Informatics definitions: 1- The application of information technologies to optimize the information management function within the health system". 2- Deals with the resources, devices and methods required to optimize the acquisition, storage, retrieval and use of information in health. 3- The application of computers, communications and information technology and systems to all fields of health care. 4- A mathematics and statistics-based approach to understanding health information Sub-domains of Health Informatics: Medical informatics Clinical informatics Nursing informatics Public health informatics Bioinformatics

3 Imaging informatics Pharmacy informatics Dental informatics Veterinary informatics Consumer health informatics ehealth Clinical research informatics Translational research informatics etc Medical Informatics Medical Informatics is the branch of science concerned with the use of computers and communication technology to acquire, store, analyze, communicate, and display medical information and knowledge to facilitate understanding and improve the accuracy, timeliness, and reliability of decision making. Medical informatics' and Health informatics' 'Health informatics' is now tending to replace the previous term 'medical informatics', reflecting a widespread concern to define an information agenda for health services which recognises the role of citizens as agents in their own care, as well as the major informationhandling roles of the non-medical healthcare professions. Medical informatics concerned with optimal use of information to improve: - Individual health - Health care - Public health - Research

4 Computers + communication technology acquire, store, analyze, communicate, and display Medical information + knowledge facilitate, improve Decision making Public Health Informatics: the systematic application of information and computer science and technology to public health practice, research and learning Activities of public health informatics: Collection and storage of vital statistics Collection and reporting of communicable diseases Disease surveillance Display disease statistics and trends

5 Immunization Hospital statistics others Importance of Health Care Informatics The informatics focus on - Acquisition of information - Storage of information - Use of information - In a specific setting or domain Health information cycle Collect Use store Share Health care informatics importance: 1- Facilitate measurement of outcomes and evaluation of interventions in real-time 2- Facilitate communication and coordination of care among care team. 3- Allows tracking of patient health indicators over time. 4- Improves diagnostic accuracy

6 5- Improves patient care 6- Decreases medication and clinical errors 7- Reduces health care costs 8- Assess information and knowledge needs. 9- Support decision making process. 10- Others Tools of Health Informatics: Informatics Technology Computers Clinical guidelines, Formal medical terminologies, Communication systems Information Technology (IT) Is the study, design, development, implementation, support or management of computer-based information systems, particularly software applications and computer hardware Informatics IT Information Technology is not Informatics Information technology is hardware & software. IT is to nouns, as informatics is to verbs. Informatics helps IT work appropriately I = information T = Technology Informatics focus on I not T

7 Technology Revolution (Hardware) 1- Radio 2- Computers 3- Floppies 4- CD, DVD 5- Flash drive 6- Hard disk 7- Laptop 8- Smart phone 9- What is next The internet Is a worldwide, publicly accessible network of interconnected computer network that transmit data using the standard internet protocol (IP) An electronic resource is a manifestation of a work that requires the use of a computer for access Connection to the Internet: There are three main ways to connect to the Internet Dial-Up High Speed/DSL Wireless Connection (Wi-Fi)

8 1- Dial-Up All you need is a computer, phone-line and Internet Service Provider! (ISP) Not as fast as other Internet connections, but often more affordable Your computer Landline ISP Internet 2- Cable/DSL Travels through fiber-optic cables underground Needs to be connected by a Modem to your computer Modem: A hub that connects the computer to the Internet Faster than Dial-up

9 3- Wi Fi Your computer must be a Wireless enabled device Your computer can pick up signals from different wireless networks Some networks require passwords or a subscription, others are free Web browser: A web-based program that displays the Internet Common Web Browsers: Internet Explorer: for Windows only Google Chrome: created by Google Mozilla Firefox: works on Mac & PC General Uses of internet: 1- Electronic mail ( ) 2- File transfer protocol (FTP) 3- Telnet 4- Research

10 5- Diagnostic and therapeutic purposes 6- Others