PSYCHOLOGICAL STATISTICS

Transcription

1 UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT SCHOOL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION B Sc. Cousellig Psychology (0 Adm.) IV SEMESTER COMPLEMENTARY COURSE PSYCHOLOGICAL STATISTICS QUESTION BANK. Iferetial statistics is the brach of statistics which helps i iferrig Sample value b) Populatio value c) Both ( ad (b). Which of the followig are fuctio(s) of iferetial statistics? Estimatio b) Testig of hypothesis c) Both ( ad (b) 3. Which of the followig is true about iferetial statistics? Help i gettig a idea about sample value from populatio value. b) Help i gettig a idea about populatio value from sample value. c) Help i gettig data from sample. 4. Parameter i iferetial statistics refers to Sample value b) Data c) Populatio value d) Variable ame 5. A statistic i iferetial statistics is related to which of the followig? Sample b) Populatio c) Both ( ad (b) 6. Estimatio is the process of Formulatig some hypothesis about the populatio b) Iferrig statistic from parameter c) Testig some hypothesis about the populatio d) Iferrig parameter from statistic 7. Which oe of the followig statemets is true about hypothesis? It is a assumptio about populatio value b) There are differet types of hypothesis c) Hypothesis testig is a fuctio of iferetial statistics Psychological Statistics Page

2 8. Which of the followig is a ull hypothesis? There is sigificat relatioship betwee the variable X ad Y. b) There is o geder differece i the mea scores of mechaical aptitude. c) There is sigificat effect of itelligece o achievemet. 9. The opposite of ull hypothesis is kow as Directioal hypothesis b) Statistical hypothesis c) Alterate hypothesis d) Composite hypothesis 0. Which of the followig is a alterate hypothesis? There is sigificat geder differece i the mea scores of mechaical aptitude. b) There is o sigificat relatioship betwee achievemet ad previous kowledge. c) There is o sigificat effect of itelligece o creativity.. Some statemet or assertio above a populatio is kow as Uique statemet b) a stadard statemet c) Stadard hypothesis d) a statistical hypothesis. A hypothesis i which there is o idicatio of directio of chage or relatio is called a directioal hypothesis b) o directioal hypothesis c) alterate hypothesis 3. Tests used to test o directioal hypothesis are Oe tailed tests b) Two-tailed tests c) Three tailed tests d) Four tailed tests 4. For testig H 0 : = agaist H 0 : we have the Oe tailed test b) Two-tailed test c) Three tailed test 5. The alterate hypothesis for the ull hypothesis H 0 : < is H : > b) H : = c) H : < d) H : > 6. For testig which of the followig hypothesis two-tailed test is used? H 0 : < agaist H : > b) H 0 : > agaist H : < c) H 0 : = agaist H : Psychological Statistics Page

3 7. For testig which of the followig hypothesis oe tailed test is used? o directioal hypothesis b) directioal hypothesis c) alterate hypothesis d) composite hypothesis 8. For testig which of the followig hypothesis oe tailed test is used? There is o sigificat geder differece i the mea scores of axiety. b) There is sigificat relatioship betwee variables X ad Y. c) Experimetal group has a higher mea Y score tha the cotrol group after the treatmet. d) There is o sigificat differece i mea Y scores of cotrol ad experimetal groups after the treatmet. 9. Statistical tests are desiged to test the Alterate hypothesis b) Statistical hypothesis c) Composite hypothesis d) Null hypothesis 0. Which of the followig hypothesis are accepted or rejected? alterate hypothesis b) statistical hypothesis c) composite hypothesis d) ull hypothesis. Hypothesis testig deals with Predictio of populatio values based o sample values b) predictio of sample values based o populatio values c) Both ( ad (b). Which of the followig is type I error? The error of acceptig H 0 whe H 0 is true. b) The error of rejectig H 0 whe H 0 is false c) The error of rejectig H 0 whe H 0 is true d) The error of acceptig H 0 whe H 0 is false. 3. Which of the followig is type II errors? The error of acceptig H 0 whe H 0 is true b) The error of rejectig H 0 whe H 0 is false c) The error of acceptig H 0 whe H 0 is false d) The errors of rejectig H 0 whe H 0 is true 4. The probability of type I error is Power of the test b) Statistical sigificace c) Level of sigificace Psychological Statistics Page 3

4 5. The probability of type II error is deoted by b) c) d) 6. Which of the followig statemets is icorrect? As probability of Type I error icreases, probability of type II error also icreases. b) As the probability of Type I error decreases, the probability of type II error icreases. c) As the probability of Type II error decreases, the probability of Type I error icreases. 7. Samplig distributios are distributios formed by Populatio values b) Sample values c) Parameters 8. Samplig distributio of mea values is distributio formed by Populatio mea values b) Sample correlatio values c) Sample mea values d) Populatio correlatio values 9. Which of the followig statemets is true about samplig distributios? Distributios formed by sample values b) Formed from a populatio distributio kow or assumed. c) A umber of samplig distributios is possible from a populatio. 30. Which of the followig is stadard error? Mea of samplig distributio b) Stadard deviatio of populatio distributio c) Mea of populatio distributio d) Stadard deviatio of sample distributio. 3. Which oe of the followig idicates stadard error of samplig distributio of mea? b) c) d) N N N N 3. Which of the followig are true about stadard error? Gives a idea about ureliability of the sample b) Gives a idea about cofidece limits of parameter values c) Both ( ad (b) 33. Which of the followig is a statistically large sample? 9 b) 45 c) 6 Psychological Statistics Page 4

5 34. The term statistical sigificace refers to How importat the data are for research o the topic b) The coclusio that there are o reasoable alterative explaatio c) The represetativeess of the sample d) The iferece that the observed effects are ulikely to be due to chace. 35. If we take level of sigificace as 0.0 the the cofidece limit will be % b) 0% c) 99% d) 00% 36. Critical ratio for large idepedet sample is give by the formula z = c) z = Mea Stadard Deviatio Differece betwee Meas SE of the differece b) z = Differece betwee Meas Stadard Error 37. Z =.03 while testig H 0 : = agaist H :. The which of the followig is true? H 0 is rejected at 0.05 level b) H 0 is accepted at 0.05 level c) Both ( ad (b) 38. Followig data is related to emotioal itelligece of two groups A ad B. Mea SD N Group A Group B The the critical ratio is give by.53 b).98 c) The critical ratio is foud to be.63 while testig H 0 : = agaist H :. The which of the followig statemets is true? H 0 is accepted at 0.05 level b) H 0 is rejected at 0.05 level c) H 0 is accepted at 0.0 level d) H 0 is rejected at 0.0 level 40. While dealig with small samples, preferece is give to estimatig the populatio value b) testig a give hypothesis c) both ( ad (b) d) oe of these 4. The critical regio is the regio of rejectio of H 0 whe H 0 is false b) acceptace of H 0 whe H 0 is false c) rejectio of H 0 whe H 0 is true 4. Studet was the pe ame of Ramauja b) Gosset c) Garrette Psychological Statistics Page 5

6 43. Uder which of the followig circumstaces t distributio is used? Sample size less tha or equal to 30 b) Populatio stadard deviatio is ukow c) Both ( ad (b) 44. Formula for calculatig t statistic to test the sigificace of mea is give by X μ X μ X μ X μ b) c) c) S S S S 45. I the formula for calculatig t statistic, the letter S stads for X X X X X X b) c) d) Which of the followig are the properties of t distributio? rages from mius ifiity to plus ifiity b) t distributio does ot vary with c) Both ( ad (b) 47. Which of the followig is true about t distributio? Symmetrical b) Negatively skewed b) Positively skewed c) Noe of these 48. As sample size icreases the t distributio approaches a X X Biomial distributio b) Gamma distributio c) Poisso distributio d) Normal distributio 49. The degrees of freedom for which the tabled t value is foud for test of sigificace of mea is give by b) c) 50. If the calculated t value is less tha t 0.05 (tabled value of t) the which of the followig coclusios ca be made about the hypothesis H 0 : X μ, where is populatio mea. H 0 is accepted at 0.0 level b) H 0 is accepted at 0.05 level b) H 0 is rejected at 0.05 level c) Noe of these 5. To test whether two meas (Small idepedet samples) differ sigificatly, t ca be calculated usig the formula c) X X X X X X X X b) X X X X X X - X X X X Psychological Statistics Page 6

7 5. The degrees of freedom for testig sigificace of differece betwee two meas for small idepedet samples is + b) + - c) If the samples are depedet, the differece betwee mea ca be tested usig the formula. d t = N s d b) t = s c) d s d d) s 54. Which of the followig is the t value for the followig data (small idepedet samples) X =, X =, =5, =7, s =., s = b) 0.35 c) 0.89 d) To test the sigificace of correlatio coefficiet, which of the followig formula is used? r t = r r c) r r b) r r d) r 56. Degrees of freedom for testig the sigificace of correlatio coefficiet is calculated usig the formula b) - c) -3 d) Normal distributio was origially ivestigated by Gauss b) Laplace c) DeMoivre 58. Normal distributio was defied specially by Laplace b) Gauss c) DeMoivre 59. Which of the followig is sigificace of ormal distributio i statistical aalysis? May of the depedet variables are commoly assumed to be ormally distributed b) May of the statistical techiques i iferetial statistics assumes ormality of variable. c) The theoretical distributio of the hypothetical set of sample meas is approximately ormal. 60. Which of the followig is icorrect about ormal distributio? It is symmetrical with respect to the ordiate at mea. b) Mea, Media ad Mode coicide c) Ordiate is miimum at the mea Psychological Statistics Page 7

8 6. A ormal curve shows. a distributio of metally ormal persos. populatio distributed equally i various parts 3. greater percetage of cases distributed about the mea score 4. lesser percetage of cases belogig to extreme scores Oly ad are true b) Oly 3 ad 4 are true c) all are true d) all are false 6. A mesokurtic distributio curve is a ormal probability curve b) bell shaped curve c) both ( ad (b) 63. A leptokurtic distributio shows A bell shaped curve b) Skewess c) Steep rise i the middle d) Upto some extet it shows all of these 64. Mathematically a ormal distributio is defied as y = c) y = e σ π e σ π x μ x μ σ b) y = d) y = e π Psychological Statistics Page 8 x μ σ e σ π xμ 65. The area uder the ormal curve betwee the ordiates x = - ad x = + is 68.6% b) 95.44% c) 34.3% 66. The area uder the ormal curve betwee the ordiates x = - ad x = + is 68.6% b) 95.44% c) 99% 67. The area uder the ormal curve betwee the ordiates x = - 3 ad x = +3 is 68.6% b) 95.44% c) 99.73% d) 90% 68. The ormal curve is symmetric with respect to x = b) x = c) x = σ σ 69. Exact cofidece limit whe the populatio is ormal, for mea is σ 95% cofidece limit = x +.96 σ b) 99% cofidece limit = = x +.58 c) a ad b both

9 70. Which of the followig statemet is true about ormal curve? The curve exteds from - to + b) Good model for may aturally occurrig distributios. c) Fifty percet of the scores are below the mea ad fifty percet above it. 7. Which of the followig is applicatio of ormal curve? Used to covert a raw score ito stadard score b) Useful i calculatig percetile rak of scores c) For ormalizig a give frequecy distributio 7. The term skewess refers to bulgiess b) lack of symmetry c) symmetrical d) ormal 73. Measure of skewess gives Directio of skewess b) Extet of skewess c) Both ( ad (b) 74. Which of the followig is true about skewed distributio? It is symmetrical b) Mea, media ad mode coicide c) Similar to ormal distributio d) The more mea moves away from mode, larger skewess 75. Which of the followig statemets is true about skewed distributio? Either positively skewed or egatively skewed. b) I positively skewed distributio mea is maximum ad mode is miimum. c) I egatively skewed distributio mode is maximum ad mea is miimum. 76. Which of the followig statemets is false? I a positively skewed distributio there is excess tail o right had side b) I a egatively skewed distributio tail more exteded i the left had side. c) I a skewed distributio media lies betwee mea ad mode. 77. Which of the followig is a measure of skewess? Mea Mode Stadard deviatio b) 3 Q Q Q Q c) Both ( ad (b) 78. Which of the followig statemets is true about measures of skewess? No limit for value i Karl Pearso s method b) Value rages from - to + i Bowley s method c) Value of zero idicates the curve is symmetrical Q 3 Psychological Statistics Page 9

10 79. Which of the followig statemets is true about platykurtic curve as compared to ormal curve? Flatter b) broader cetral positio c) Lower tails 80. Which of the followig is a measure of kurtosis? Quartile Deviatio P75 P5 Stadard Deviatio P75 P5 b) c) d) P 90 P 0 4 P 90 P A distributio is leptokurtic if the calculated value of kurtosis i terms of percetile is Equal to 0.63 b) Less tha 0.63 c) Greater tha A distributio is platykurtic if the calculated value of kurtosis i terms of percetile is equal to zero b) less tha 0.63 c) greater tha 0.63 d) equal to ANOVA test is based o Variace ratio b) Probability ratio c) radom sample 84. ANOVA is used whe There are more tha two groups b) There is oly two groups to be compared. c) Sigificat differece betwee two meas is to be foud 85. Which of the followig test is used i ANOVA t-test b) z-test c) F-test 86. I ANOVA, F-value is calculated usig which of the followig formula? Variace withi groups Variace betwee groups b) Variace betwee groups Variace withi groups c) Both ( ad (b) 87. The assumptio basic to Aalysis of Variace is Populatio distributio of the depedet variable follow ormality b) Subgroups uder study have same variability c) Groups draw o certai criteria, radomly selected from the sub populatio. 88. Which of the followig is the correct sequece of steps for oe way ANOVA? ) Total sum of squares ) Correctio 3) Withi sum of squares 4) Betwee sum of squares,, 3, 4 b) 3,, 4, c) 4, 3,, d),, 4, The mea sum of squares (MS) is The sum of squares multiplied by its degrees of freedom b) The sum of squares divided by its degrees of freedom c) The sum of squares mius its degrees of freedom d) The sum of squares plus its degrees of freedom Psychological Statistics Page 0

11 90. The F value for oe-way ANOVA is give by the formula b w b) df df b b w w c) df df 9. I ANOVA idepedet variables are called Categories b) Levels c) Factors 9. I ANOVA differet categories of a idepedet variable are called. w w b b d) factors b) levels c) groups d) blocks 93. If there are more tha oe idepedet variables we use Oe Way ANOVA b) ANOVA for factorial desig c) Both ( ad (b) 94. I oe way ANOVA how may F values are calculated b) 3 c) d) If there are two idepedet variables the how may effects are foud i ANOVA? b) c) 3 d) Which of the followig statemets are true about Two-way ANOVA with x 3 desig. There are two idepedet variables b) The first idepedet variable has two levels c) The secod idepedet variable has 3 levels 97. For testig the sigificace of differece betwee meas, ANOVA aalyses Meas b) Stadard deviatios c) Correlatios Coefficiets d) Variaces 98. I oe way ANOVA, if the calculated F value is greater tha the tabled value of F, the Mea differece betwee all pairs of groups will be sigificat b) Mea differece is ot sigificat c) Mea differece betwee more tha two groups i the set will be sigificat d) Mea differece betwee atleast two groups i the set will be sigificat 99. Which of the followig is true about ANOVA? It is a o parametric test b) Homogeeity of variace is ot a basic assumptio c) It is a parametric test d) Assumptio of ormality is ot ecessary w b 00. The calculated value of kurtosis i terms of percetile for a give data is foud to be 0.3, the the distributio is Mesokurtic b) Leptokurtic c) Platykurtic Psychological Statistics Page

12 ANSWER KEY. B. A 4. C 6. B 8. B. C. C 4. B 6. C 8. C 3. B 3. C 43. C 63. C 83. A 4. C 4. C 44. D 64. D 84. A 5. A 5. B 45. C 65. A 85. C 6. D 6. A 46. A 66. B 86. B 7. D 7. B 47. A 67. C 87. D 8. B 8. C 48. D 68. B 88. D 9. C 9. D 49. C 69. C 89. B 0. A 30. D 50. B 70. D 90. B. D 3. B 5. C 7. D 9. C. B 3. C 5. C 7. B 9. B 3. B 33. B 53. A 73. C 93. B 4. B 34. D 54. C 74. D 94. C 5. A 35. C 55. A 75. D 95. C 6. C 36. C 56. D 76. D 96. D 7. B 37. A 57. C 77. C 97. D 8. C 38. C 58. A 78. D 98. D 9. D 39. D 59. D 79. D 99. C 0. A 40. B 60. C 80. A 00. C Reserved Psychological Statistics Page