How To Run A Space Station From A Polar Relay Station

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Regina Norman
3 years ago
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1 SSC space expertise on high latitudes FMV Sensor Symposium Stockholm, September 2014 Björn Ohlson 1

2 50 years in space 1961 The first sounding rocket launch from Sweden 1962 Building of Esrange starts 1966 First rocket from Esrange 1972 SSC and SNSB founded 1974 First balloon from Esrange to the Ural mountains 1978 Esrange Landsat Station 1987 First MASER rocket launch 1991 First MAXUS rocket launch 2005 First NASA long duration balloon flight 2

balloon from Esrange to the Ural mountains 1978 Esrange Landsat Station 1987 First

3 Rockets, satellites and instruments measuring the Aurora Borealis

rocket launches balloon launches Maritime

4 Innovation and reliability since 1972 scientific satellites rocket systems experiment modules rocket launches balloon launches Maritime surveillance systems Earth Observation & Satellite operations

5 SSC business areas today Up north: Science & Aerospace Services Satellite Management Services Engineering Services Technology 5

6 Global presence 600 employees 25 nationalities 18 locations 11 countries Americas, Europe & Asia 6

7 The least populated area in Europe 7

8 Esrange: SCIENCE SERVICES Experiment Payloads Sounding Rockets Parabolic Flights Space Shuttle Balloons Sounding Rockets Programs and Systems Balloons Programs and Systems Launch Services Rockets and balloons Flight tests 8

Sounding Rockets Programs and Systems Balloons Programs

11 Vidsel: AEROSPACE TEST SYSTEMS Operations Test Systems Maintenance Test Systems Technical Development Technical Consultation 11

processing Teleport and media services Gateway services

13 SATELLITE MANAGEMENT SERVICES Launch support services On-orbit services Hosting services Data handling and processing Teleport and media services Gateway services Satellite and network operations Mission engineering and consulting 13

14 Orbits GEO Geostationary Earth Orbit km MEO Medium Earth Orbit Example: GPS km LEO Low Earth Orbit km Example: 14

15 A high latitude satellite station drastically increases the contacts with LEO satellites Supporting a client operating a satellite from own mission control center: Mission Safety Continuous radio contact with a new satellite must be ensured when it s being launched and if something goes wrong later. Mission Flexibility By using a secure near-polar relay station, the Mission Control Center will be able to task its satellites very often, dramatically increasing system responsiveness. Data Collection The use of the valuable imaging instruments can be increased and data made available quicker, from all parts of the world. Economy A satellite mission has a finite number of passes around the globe. Each pass not used is in effect a lost opportunity to make use of the large investment in the satellite project. 15

Mission Flexibility By using a secure near-polar relay station, the Mission Control Center will be able to task its satellites very often, dramatically increasing system responsiveness.

16 High latitude satellite station - basic requirements Close to a pole for tracking LEO satellites Well developed infrastructure, i.e. power, terrestrial communications, transports, construction capacity Qualified personnel Security

developed infrastructure, i.e. power, terrestrial

17 Esrange, Kiruna, north Sweden 67.88º North, 21.06º East

18 Esrange satellite station Multi-mission antennas or dedicated antennas

19 Ground station service phases Mission establishment Launch support LEOP Launch & Early Orbit Phase Contingencies Routine De-orbiting 19

20 Ground station tasks Operations 24/7 365 manning Non-stop operations Highly automated operations Scheduling and client contacts Systems monitoring and control Network management Engineering No-break power Redundant fibre network Preventive maintenance Corrective maintenance Software development Hosted equipment

control Network management Engineering No-break power Redundant fibre network

21 Ground station functions TT&C: uplink and downlink to/from satellites Orbit determination Data Acquisition: downlink from satellites Scheduling, Monitoring and Control Terrestrial communications 21

22 Ground Station overview Communication Network S/S TT& C S/S Weather Monitoring Time & Freq. Distributor TT&C Baseband S/S TT&C RF / IF TT&C BB Unit STC M&C LAN & Switches WAN Router & Firewall Fibre DAS RF / IF DAS Baseband Unit Acquisition Manager Acquired Data Manager Time & Freq. Distributor Antenna Manager Remote Acquisition S/S Re-used equipment client provided units Data Acquisition S/S

23 Multi-mission concept Signal Routing Matrix Science Data Systems Earth Observation Acquisition systems TTC Systems Other

24 Example S Antenna 1 Multi-mission client TT&C S Antenna 2 S Antenna 3 S Antenna 4 S Antenna 5 S Antenna 6 S Antenna 7 IF Matrix Switch Baseband #1 (Prime) Baseband #2 (Backup) LAN Network Mgmt Comms link Comms link CLIENT S Antenna 8 S Antenna 9

25 Example Multi-mission client Data Acquisition X Antenna 1 Data (Local archive) Copy Client X Antenna 2 X Antenna 3 X Antenna 4 X Antenna 5 IF Matrix Switch Demodulator (Prime) Demodulator (Backup) Matrix Switch Reception Processing Archiving Delivery High Speed Comms Ka Antenna 1 Ka Antenna 2

26 Scheduling, Monitoring & Control Level 2 (Supervisor) Planning, resource monitor & control Level 1 (DED) Unit level equipment monitor & control Level 0 Low level equipment i.e. Baseband units: Transmitters/Receivers Modulators/Demodulators

27 Terrestrial communications 27

28 Security Physical security Operational security Integrity / confidentiality Secure communications

29 Physical security Separate site access Controlled entries Fence & locked gate Surveillance cameras Lighting Sensors & alarms 29

30 Communication security Firewalls / intrusion detection Advanced virus protection software Updated spam filters PVS Proxy Virtual Servers for controlled access to equipment Customer specific Level 3 VPN MPLS / IP communication: Fully separated customer traffic Private routing table (VRF) for security Protected passwords / user codes Logging of all occurences in the network Controlled access to equipment (TACACS) 24/7 SSC network operations, administration, monitoring, maintenance 30

31 Sharing & Pooling With its location and capabilities, Esrange is a resource for cooperation

32 New Esrange Strategic capability for European access to space for the coming decades Science payloads on rockets and balloons Science center advanced research facilities ORS Operationally Responsive Space Satellite launches Satellite management High security, multi-mission ground station SSA - Space Situational Awareness 32

33 We help earth benefit from space

34 Thank You!

Satellite Basics. Benefits of Satellite

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