Unit 8 Lesson 4 Islam

Transcription

1 Unit 8 Lesson 4 Islam

2 Read the False statements below. Replace each underlined word with one from the word bank that makes each sentence True. Word Bank Sunnah Ramadan Qur an Five Pillars of Islam Shariah 1. Muslims consider the Bible to be the exact word of God as it was told to Muhammad. 2. Muslims fast daily during the holy month of hadith. 3. The haji refers to the way Muhammad lived and provides a model for duties and the way of life for Muslims. 4. The first duties of a Muslim are known as the statement of faith. 5. Islamic law, or Sunnah, judges the rightness of actions an individual or community might take. 6. At a bazaar in Damarcus, the merchant Abdul offers a 60% discount. Kasim has a sale of 2/3 off at his tent. Which merchant gives you the greater discount?

3 Generalization: Groups with common origins often develop in both similar and different ways Big Idea In the harsh desert climate of Arabia, Muhammad, a merchant from Mecca, introduced a major world religion called Islam. Sacred texts called the Qur an and the Sunnah guide Muslims in their religion, daily life and laws.

4 - compare what is one major belief that is the same in Judaism, Christianity and Islam? Monotheism - summarize what are the different meaning of the term jihad? Inner struggle to obey God; struggle to defend Muslim community; has also been translated as holy war - draw conclusions how does the Sunnah affect the daily lives of Muslims? It sets forth the Five Pillars of Islam and forms the basis of rules regarding business, government and personal relations

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6 Arabia was a polytheistic area in the Dark Ages - New religion emerges Islam - based on the teachings of Muhammad called the Prophet - from a wealthy merchant family - he had a growing concern for the needy of Mecca - Muslims believe that God spoke to Muhammad and made him is prophet

7 Muhammad s Teachings - preached a monotheistic religion one God Allah (God in Arabic) - base was Judaism and Christianity, but different Arabs of Mecca did not accept Muhammad s teachings - saw it as a threat to the wealth and power - as his followers grew, the leaders of Mecca became worried - planned to kill him and drove him from the city - he and his followers fled to Medina - known as the hegira or journey - soon, more and more accepted Islam - some peacefully, but others through force and conquest - recall what was the hegira? Muhammad s departure from Mecca to Medina

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10 The Qur an - Muslim Holy book - collection of Muhammad s teachings - Muslims believe this is the word of God told to Muhammad Main Beliefs - only one God, and Muhammad is his prophet - must obey Allah s commands - God will judge all people - good will be rewarded and the bad punished analyzing why is the Qur an important to Muslims? Because Muslims believe it is the exact word of God as told to Muhammad - explain what is the difference between the terms Islam and Muslim? Islam is a religion, while a Muslim is a follower of that religion

11 The Qur an notebook Beliefs - there is only one God - God will judge all people - the good will live in paradise - the bad will suffer Rules for Worship - don t eat pork or drink alcohol - do ritual washing before praying Rulers for Society - slaves should be freed - contrast both the Qur an and the Sunnah guide Muslims behavior. Apart from discussing different topics, how do these two differ? Sunnah record of Muhammad s actions: Qur an according to Islam the word of God, God s messages to Muhammad - women have the rights to own property, earn money and receive an education

12 Behavior Guidelines for daily Life - prepare for worship - wash before pray - what not to eat or drink - not allowed to eat pork - not allowed to drink alcohol - relations among people - encouraged to free their slaves - some rights for women - Jihad - could own property, earn money and get an education - still fewer rights than men - inner struggle to obey God - struggle to defend the Muslim community - can be translated as holy war generalizing what do Muslims learn from the Sunnah? Five Pillars of Islam; how to treat others; to treat guests with generosity; guidelines for relations in business and government The Sunnah record of the way Muhammad lived and serves as a guide for Muslims behavior

13 The Five Pillars of Islam

14 Islamic Law - based on the Qur an and the Sunnah - called Sharia - no distinction between religious actions and daily actions - basis for laws in many modern Muslim countries - define what is Shariah? - draw conclusions what role does Shariah play in modern Islam? main idea what is the purpose of Islamic law? System of Islamic law that judges the rightness of actions It makes up a portion of their legal system Limits authority and set rewards and punishments for behavior

15 Sources of Islamic Beliefs Qur an holy book that contains the messages Muhammad claimed to receive from God Sunnah Muhammad s example for the duties and way of life expected of Muslims Shariah Islamic law, based on interpretation of the Qur an and Sunnah True or false - Muslims gather to pray at a jihad. F mosque - An Islam is a person who submits to God and follows the teachings of Muhammad. F a Muslim - According to Islamic beliefs, God s message to Muhammad during his lifetime make up the Sunnah. F Qur an - make inferences how is Islamic law different from the law in the United States? It governs religious beliefs and practices. It makes no distinction between religion and daily life; in the United States there is a separation of church and state

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18 1. a. Mosque b. Oasis c. caravan d. Camel 2. a. Mecca b. Kabba c. Pilgrimage d. Khadijah 3. a. Prophet b. Muhammad c. Qur an d. Caravan 4. a. Islam b. Allah c. Judaism d. Christianity