The United States typically sides with Israel, and whether or not this is moral was never a

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1 Salah and Yousif 1 Committee: Sochum Topic: Human Rights within the Arab Israeli Conflict School: International Academy Okma Name: Elly Salah and Vivien Yousif Background Information : Rights of Arabs/Palestinians in Israel The United States typically sides with Israel, and whether or not this is moral was never a question. The Israeli Prime minister has certain attributes that arouse spirit in the Israeli people, but is not necessarily to be trusted on all fronts. Benjamin Netanyahu believes that Israel should be a completely Jewish state. In 1989, a meeting was convened in Brussels between prominent Israeli and Palestinian women peace activists. The meeting initiated an on going dialogue that in 1994 resulted in the establishment of The Jerusalem Link comprising two women's organizations, Bat Shalom on the Israeli side, and the Jerusalem Center for Women on the Palestinian side. The two organizations share a set of political principles, which serve as the foundation for a cooperative model of coexistence between our respective peoples. There is a US Israeli tactic to eliminate Palestine rights. The UN HRC had a fact finding mission to find anything about Israel violating the human rights of Palestinians. The UN found Israel found Israel liable for several violations of IHRL. IHRL International human rights law. In June of 2010, the HRC dispatched another fact finding mission ("2010 mission") "to investigate violations of international law, including international humanitarian law and human rights law, resulting from the Israeli attacks on the flotilla of ships carrying humanitarian assistance [to

2 Salah and Yousif 2 Gaza]." (16) The 2010 mission concluded that the conduct of the Israeli military forces "constituted a grave violation of human rights law," (17) and, more specifically, violated both the ICCPR and the CAT, (18) The Israelis violate human rights all the time. The Arab Israeli conflict really did not start until the 19th century when Jewish Migration began. Until World War I, Palestine was under the control of the Ottoman empire, and Britain made a deal with the Arabs that if they revolted the British would pay them to help finance the revolt. Below is the most controversial part of the Arab Israeli Conflict where British foreign secretary communicated with an influential member of the British Jewish community. Palestine s government was given away, and that violates their basic human rights. Dear Lord Rothschild, I have much pleasure in conveying to you, on behalf of His Majesty's Government, the following declaration of sympathy with Jewish Zionist aspirations which has been submitted to, and approved by, the Cabinet. His Majesty's government view with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, and will use their best endeavours to facilitate the achievement of this object, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country. (38) The relationship between Israel and Gaza is a prime example of this impracticability. Israel does not administer this territory; instead a hostile government run by Hamas, a political party that has declared that Israel is to be wiped off the map, is in control. That Israel must protect the rights under the ICCPR of all people of Gaza, the same people that elected Hamas by popular

3 Salah and Yousif 3 vote, seems counterintuitive. Another violation of human rights is how the Israeli government does not protect the rights of the people living in Gaza. Rights of Jews in the Arab World From the 1917 Balfour declaration which proclaimed British support for a Jewish state in the Middle East and the creation of Israel in 1948, the topic of Jews in the Arab world has been an extremely touchy subject. Middle Eastern, or Mizrahi, Jews encountered shock and unpleasantry in the wake of Israel s creation the world found, the uprooting of hundreds of thousands of Mizrahi Jews, who were torn cruelly from their homes and homelands. Whole communities of Jews, who had always resided in the heart of the Arab Muslim world, underwent expulsion, persecution and malicious liquidations. The world often fails to recognize, however, that many Mizrahi Jews did not in fact wish to migrate to Israel and rather that they wanted to stay in their homes in other parts of the Middle East: I found out that the story we had been told that the Jews left the Arab countries because they were Zionists was for the most part wrong. True, they had an affinity for the Land of Israel that is certainly correct but the organized Zionist movement was very weak in the Arab countries. The great mass of Jews left under duress. They were expelled. They were subjected to such enormous pressure that they had no choice but to leave. Historian Nathan Wienstock Although Jews and Israelis themselves are not responsible for the displacement of Palestinians after Israel s creation, they are widely blamed and hated for it in the Arab world.

4 Salah and Yousif 4 The UN Delegate for Egypt warned of this before voting on a partition plan for Palestine, saying, The United Nations... should not lose sight of the fact that the proposed solution might endanger a million Jews living in the Moslem countries. Partition of Palestine might create in those countries an anti-semitism even more difficult to root out than the anti-semitism which the Allies were trying to eradicate in Germany... If the United Nations decides to partition Palestine, it might be responsible for the massacre of a large number of Jews. History can tell us that the delegate was not wrong, as within three years of Israel s creation, anti-semitism in the Middle East had become prevalent as can be seen by Iraqi Former Prime Minister Nuri Sa id stated in 1951, The Jews have always been a source of evil and harm to Iraq. They are spies. They have sold their property in Iraq, they have no land among us that they can cultivate. How therefore can they live? What will they do if they stay in Iraq? No, no my friend, it is better for us to be rid of them as long as we are able to do so. By this point, the anti semitism in the Middle East was so strong that if the Mizrahi Jews had not already been forced out of their home countries by political force, then they had been forced out by a societal one, in which people who had once been their friends, neighbors, and leaders had become opposed to their very existence. Since the creation of Israel and up to today, anti semitic propaganda has been rampant in the Middle East, and is shown in newspapers, on TV, and even taught in schools. Most recently, anti Jewish conspiracies in the Arab world have even gone so far as to claim that ISIS is not an Arab terror group, but rather a group of Jews trying to destroy Islam (propaganda to which can be found below in figure 1). Conspiracies of this sort are nothing new, and rather are falsities that

5 Salah and Yousif 5 have been spreading for the past sixty seven years. Despite the overall peace of Jews in Israel, it is clear that the Mizrahi Jews have experienced immense amounts of terror to get there. Figure 1 A political cartoon published in Qatar on April 6, 2014 showcasing a Jewish sorceress pitting Arab brothers against each other. semitism/cartoons/cartoons/ar raya april 6th 2014.html#.VfNPwhHBzR Y

6 Salah and Yousif 6 Works Cited "Editor's Note." Arab Studies Quarterly 36.2 (2014): 90. Academic OneFile. Web. 10 Sept Mennie, David. "The Role of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights in the Israeli Palestinian Conflict: Should Israel's Obligations under the Covenant Extend to Gaza and the Other Occupied Palestinian Territories?" Transnational Law & Contemporary Problems Summer 2012: 511. Academic OneFile. Web. 10 Sept < A &v=2.1&u=lom_inac&it=r&p=AONE &sw=w&asid=a15558c a d787f4>. "Anti Semitism Muslim/Arab World." ADL. Web. 9 Sept < semitism/muslim arab world/?referrer=https%3a%2f%2fwww. google.com%2f>. Meron, Ya'akov. "Why Jews Fled the Arab Countries." The Middle East Quarterly. Middle East Quarterly, Sept Web. 11 Sept < jews fled the arab countries>. Schwartz, Adi. "The Inconvenient Truth about Jews from Arab Lands." Haaretz. 1 June Web. 9 Sept < inconvenient truth about jews from arab lands/>.

Dear Delegates, It is a pleasure to welcome you to the 2016 Montessori Model United Nations Conference.

Dear Delegates, It is a pleasure to welcome you to the 2016 Montessori Model United Nations Conference. The following pages intend to guide you in the research of the topics that will be debated at MMUN