Household Water Security in Dhaka, Bangladesh

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1 Household Water Security in Dhaka, Bangladesh including access of population to adequate levels of drinking water and sanitation services S D M Quamrul Alam Choudhury Deputy Managing Director (O&M) Dhaka Water Supply & Sewerage Authority UN-Water Regional Expert Consultation on Water Security in Asia-Pacific 9-10 November 2015, Bangkok, Thailand

Deputy Managing Director (O&M) Dhaka Water Supply & Sewerage Authority UN-Water

2 Milestones 1963: DWASA started its journey with the mandate to provide water supply, disposal of domestic and industrial sewerage, storm water drainage and solid waste management (EP Ordinance No. XIX, 1963). In spite of broad mandates DWASA mainly dealt with the water supply, treatment and disposal of sewerage since its inception. 1989: Storm Water Drainage was transferred to DWASA 1990: Narayanganj water supply transferred to DWASA 1996: DWASA was reorganized to introduce Corporate management under WASA Act 1996 under which mandates for water supply, treatment and disposal of domestic and industrial sewage and storm water drainage were entrusted with DWASA.

In spite of broad mandates DWASA mainly dealt with the water supply, treatment and disposal of sewerage since its inception.

3 DWASA Responsibilities Provide safe and sufficient water for drinking, industrial and commercial use Ensure sanitation and good hygienic condition through proper disposal of domestic and industrial sewage Ensure efficient storm-water drainage

and good hygienic condition through proper disposal of

4 Target 1 By 2030, achieve universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all access to safe and sufficient water are recognized as human right Water Supply Guiding Principles for DWASA ensure safe, sufficient, affordable and reliable water ensure 24 hours pressurized water supply to all including LICs by 2020 reducing dependency on GW sources to 30% by 2020 Establish block tariffs by 2020 reduce non-revenue water to 10% by 2030 plan and policies to become financially sustainable private sector participation organizational reform for good water utility governance recycling facilities in high-rise buildings and large structures cross subsidies

reducing dependency on GW sources to 30% by 2020 Establish block tariffs by 2020 reduce non-revenue water to 10% by 2030 plan and policies to become financially

5 Strategy & Action Plan Demand: 2200 MLD Supply: 2420 MLD Demand: 3152 MLD Supply: 3306 MLD % GW 25% SW Demand: 3598 MLD Supply: 3206 MLD % GW 41% SW % GW 61% SW Demand: 4383 MLD Supply: 4156 MLD % GW 70% SW emand: 2120 MLD upply: 1880 MLD % GW 17% SW Operating Ratio 2008: : 0.66 NRW

2025 39% GW 61% SW Demand: 4383 MLD Supply: 4156 MLD 2030 30% GW 70% SW emand:

6 Supply Sources in 2035

7 Sectorization and DMA 8 Sectors 124 DMAs

8 Benefits from DMA implementation in about 30% of city area achieved uninterrupted 24x7 water supply; about 3.31 million people have been benefitted with 24x7 water supply and improved pressure; illegal house connections getting regularized; increased revenue for DWASA; reduced water losses (from 1.59% %) making more water available; assured good quality water (potable from tap without boiling or any further treatment); use of suction pumps on supply lines greatly reduced; reduced electric costs for consumers as well as for DWASA; and improved social life and reduced health costs in the long-run.

for DWASA; reduced water losses (from 1.59%- 14.

9 Presently, 80% of LICs are within DWASA service facilities By 2016 all LIC areas will be brought under legalized water supply system Population density in Slum areas: 120, ,000 per sq km

10 Investment Requirement ,500 2,008 1,972 2,000 1,500 1, US$ 4 billion

11 Target 2 By 2030, achieve access to adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene for all and end open defecation, paying special attention to the needs of women and girls and those in vulnerable situations Target 3 By 2030, improve water quality by reducing pollution, eliminating dumping and minimizing release of hazardous chemicals and materials, halving the proportion of untreated wastewater and substantially increasing recycling and safe reuse globally

improve water quality by reducing pollution, eliminating dumping and minimizing release of hazardous chemicals and

12 Guiding Principles for DWASA to reduce significantly, and, in the long-term, to eliminate the pollution arising from unhygienic disposal of wastewater, of all industrial, commercial and domestic origin, by 2030

13 Existing Situation (1)Many sewer lines blocked and SLS not functioning so most sewer overflow and run into road drainage (2)Approximately half of this category has a septic tank which the wastewater pass before being discharged to the road drain. However septic tanks are not regularly emptied (3)Small Bore system is not functioning and the area is not different from the road drainage category. (4)Smaller per capita wasteater generation in informal settlements

14 Strategy of DWASA Regarding Level of Density and type of settlement DWASA Service Area High density (>30.000/km2), formal Service by 2035 Suggested Sanitation system Water borne separate sewerage system. Combined system may be considered in areas with insufficient space to install a separate system High density (>30.000/km2), informal Low density (<30.000/km2), formal Communal septic tanks. Small bore system may be considered if close to sewer main Septic tanks with on-site soakaways. Small bore system may be considered if close to sewer main Greater Dhaka Area Urban settlements, Water-borne separate sewerage system. formal Rural settlements, formal Septic tanks with on-site soakaways or sanitary latrines.

Combined system may be considered in areas with insufficient space to install a separate system High density (>30.000/km2), informal Low density (<30.

15 Action Plan: Priority Works Dasherkandi STP and collection System : US$ 400 million Upgrading & Expansion of Pagla STP: USD 22 million Rehabilitation, expansion and new construction of SPS, Trunk sewer and collection system: US$ 45 million 47 million

Pagla STP: USD 22 million Rehabilitation, expansion and new

16 Action Plan: Catchment Dhaka North (Uttara): Dhaka West (Mirpur): Dhaka East (Dasherkandi): Dhaka South (Pagla): Rupganj: DND-Demra: Narayanganj: Rayerbazar: USD 137 Million USD 226 Million USD 202 Million USD 74 Million USD 97 Million USD 115 Million USD 186 Million USD 147 Million Est. Cost : US$ 1.2 Billion)

Rayerbazar: USD 137 Million USD 226 Million USD 202 Million USD 74 Million USD

17 Action Plan: Dhaka South (Pagla) Catchment: Construct 4th and 5th phases of Pagla STP trickling filter system (raising capacity at Pagla STP to 500,000 m3/day) Construction of Sewerage System, Transmission Mains and Treatment Plants: Gazipur/Tongi Catchment Savar Catchment Keraniganj Catchment Est. Cost : USD 433 Million

m3/day) Construction of Sewerage System, Transmission Mains and Treatment Plants:

18 Conclusions Dhaka WASA is well organized and focused to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals for the city and its inhabitants. The water supply master plan, sewerage and sanitation master plan and storm-water drainage master plan of DWASA all leads to achieving the targets of the SDG by Development partners have been supporting DWASA in its initiatives. We need more support near about US$ 7 billion by 2030 to achieve the targets

The water supply master plan, sewerage and sanitation master plan and storm-water drainage master plan of

19 Thank You

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