A.A. Romanov, A.A. Romanov, A.E. Tyulin Small satellites for vessels and airplanes monitoring at JSC Russian Space Systems : status and perspectives

Transcription

1 A.A. Romanov, A.A. Romanov, A.E. Tyulin Small satellites for vessels and airplanes monitoring at JSC Russian Space Systems : status and perspectives 10 th IAA Symposium on Small Satellites for Earth Observation April 20-24, 2015, Berlin, Germany 1

2 Presentation outlook 1. CosmoAIS project description 2. Onboard and ground equipment 3. First results of AIS receiver testing onboard Resource-P #2 satellite 4. Satellite AIS data validation 5. Some future plans 6. Conclusions 2

3 The World Ocean as an illegal activity area Piracy Transnational crime Terrorism Illegal weapon transportation Undocumented immigration Drug trafficking 3

4 Main events concerning AIS during the CosmoAIS project realization Resurs P #2 satellite (2014) AIS receiver (2012) CosmoAIS nanosatellite (2015) AIS receiver (2012) GS Murmansk ( ) CRPD (2012) GS Moscow (2012) GS Norilsk ( ) GS Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky ( ) CRPD Center for Receiving, Processing and Disseminating Data GS Ground Station for Receiving and Processing Data GS Novosibirsk ( ) GS Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk (2012) 4

5 Characteristics of the AIS receiver for Resurs P #2 and its supposed modernization Before modernization CHARACTERISTICS Mass, 1.67 kg Dimensions, 105 х 105 х 211 mm Power consumption, 5.0 W Carrier frequences ( ; ; ; ) MHz; Doppler bias not less than ± 4 khz; Modulation GMSK; Sensitivity not less than -117 dbmw; Operating mode sessional Coverage zone 5000 km Antenna gain 1.5 db After modernization CHARACTERISTICS Mass, 1.67 kg Dimensions, 105 х 105 х 211 mm Power consumption, 5.0 W Carrier frequences ( ; ; ; ) MHz; Doppler bias not less than ± 4 khz; Modulation GMSK; Sensitivity not less than -117 dbmw; Operating mode continuous Coverage zone 1000 km Antenna gain 8 db OUTPUT Digital signal spectrum, 1 min 20 Mb Decoded packets 0.05 packets/s (0.5 packets/s) OUTPUT Digital signal spectrum, 1 min 20 Mb Decoded AIS messages Decoded packets 5 packets/s 5

6 CosmoAIS nanosatellite Structure of the CosmoAIS nanosatellite Mass Dimensions With undeployed antennas With deployed antennas Lifespan Orbit Attitude determination and control system 2.5 kg 103 x 103 x 349 mm 1114 x 1114 x 349 mm 1 year km Image of the CosmoAIS nanosatellite Attitude along the Earth s magnetic axis Stabilization accuracy 10 Power supply (max.) Payload 6.9 W The AIS onboard receiver detects AIS signals in a frequency range from to MHz, with transmitted power from 1 to 12.5 W, with GMSK modulation at a transmission speed of 9600 bps; Data transmission rate Ground-space command transmission in UHF range, modulation Space-ground data transmission in VHF range, modulation Working frequency 1200 bps, BPSK 9600 bps, AFSK Ground-space command transmission in UHF range MHz Space-ground data transmission in VHF range MHz 6

7 Demonstration model of CRPD AIS DESCRIPTION The Center for Receiving, Processing and Disseminating data (CRPD AIS) is a complex of both telecommunications and server equipment. CRPD is the central node of the ground infrastructure, its main functional core, which solves the issues of consolidation and integrated analytical processing of AIS data, received from regional GS, as well as presentation of the post-processing results to authorized end-users. CHARACTERISTICS 1. CRPD AIS availability factor no less than Lifespan no less than h. 3. Provides connection of more than 30 thousand users simultaneuosly (possible to scale up to ). 4. Power voltage 220 V. 5. Power consumption no more than 10 kw. 7

8 Ground station GS AIS DESCRIPTION GS AIS consists of a VHF/UHF antenna system; a base station in a 19 rack with a VHF/UHF transceiver; a computer; a TNC (terminal node controller); a UPS; an interface block to connect with the unit, which receives, decodes and renders the AIS data as well as performs the GS remote control; and display facilities. GS AIS special software (SSW) includes: SSW interfacing both with CRPD and GS remote control; SSW for AIS satellite signal processing; Base station SSW: satellite position prediction SW, SW for rotor control and interfacing with TNC, transmitter and receiver SW, received signals demodulator and decoder SW. CHARACTERISTICS 1. Receiving and transmitting antenna system of GS AIS Yagi type 2. Frequency range of the space-ground channel (VHF): MHz 3. Frequency range of the ground-space channel (UHF): MHz 4. Transmitting power 10 dbw. 5. Relative level of spurious radio emission 60 db 6. Relative instability of heterodyne frequency

9 Location of regional data reception centers and AIS space segment s radio coverage zones GS AIS locations # 1-6 and coverage zones for LEO satellites (angle > 10 ) 9

10 First decoded AIS message from the AIS receiver on board of the Resurs P #2 satellite :06:22 (76 E.L. 33 S.L.)!AIVDM,1,1,,A,1815>5001R5LcTUe33;4ICLn06HH,0* 10

11 The result of detecting vessels within the framework of the Resurs P #2 satellite flight tests According to data received during and using the first version of processing software, 17 AIS messages were decoded. Algorithm modernization allowed to receive 360 AIS messages using the same initial data 11

12 Comparison of vessel data acquired by the AIS receiver and the marinetraffic.com service on Time, UTC Latitude Longitude Direction Speed MarineTraffic 22: AIS receiver 22: MarineTraffic 22:

13 AIS data from Resurs P #2 from to Number Name title Number of sessions Number of messages Number of messages per second (avg./max.) 1 The Chukchee Sea / The Laptev Sea / The Kara Sea / The Barents Sea / The Black Sea / The Sea of Okhotsk / The Bering Sea /4.29 Value Amount Type 1 message 2021 Type 2 message 9 Type 3 message 301 Type 4 message 55 Type 5 message 40 Total messages 2426 Total vessels 1146 Total equipment sessions

14 AIS data from Resurs P #2 from to in several regions by regions 14

15 Conclusions 1. In conclusion, it is necessary to point out that, as a result of the CosmoAIS project, a sea vessel monitoring technology based on registering AIS signals was created. 2. Several key elements of the proposed technology were developed: the onboard AIS signal receiver; the CosmoAIS nanosatellite; ground stations; a Center for Receiving, Processing and Disseminating data; and special AIS decoding software. 3. At the moment flight tests are taking place on board the satellite Resurs-P #2; they should lead to further improvement of AIS data decoding algorithms. It is supposed that, with the help of the experience gained during testing, AIS data adaptive processing algorithms capable of working effectively on board a satellite will be developed. 4. In the near future the technologies developed within the framework of the CosmoAIS project are expected to be used for designing a specialized satellite for registering AIS/AIS-SART/ADS-B and COSPAS-SARSAT signals. 15