Drug Information Resources

Transcription

1 Drug Information Resources Drug Information Resources Continuing Professional Pharmacy Development (CPPD) 20 April 2011 MaguyElHajj Hajj, BScPharm, PharmD Assistant Professor and Chair Clinical Pharmacy and Practice College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar Secondary Resources Primary Resources Internet Resources Consumer Health Information They include: Textbooks Compendia Review articles Other general information such as may be found on the internet Advantages: Convenience Ease of use Complete information Maguy EL Hajj 1

2 Drawbacks: Lag time less current information Incomplete information due to space restrictions and incomplete literature search by the author Possible errors in transcription, human bias, incorrect tinterpretation t of information or lack of expertise by authors Resource selection: Practice setting Available funding Patients seen Type of information needed Drug information request category Evaluation of tertiary literature: Does the author have appropriate it expertise to publish in this area? Is the information likely to be timely based on publication date? Is the information supported by appropriate citations? ti Does the resource contain relevant information and is free of bias? Request Type General product information Adverse effects Compounding Examples of AHFS Drug Information, Facts and Comparisons, PDR, DRUGDEX, Drug InformationHandbook Handbook, USP DI Volume I, Micromedex, and British National Formulary (MAJOR COMPENDIA) Meyler s Side effects of Drugs and Major Compendia Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, Merck index, Practical Guide to Contemporary Pharmacy Practice, USP/NF, Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference, Ansel s Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems Maguy EL Hajj 2

3 Request Type Dietary supplement Drug dosing Drug interactions Drug laboratory interference Examples of Natural Medicine Comprehensive Database, Review of Natural Products, PDR for herbal medicine, and Herbal Medicines: A Guide for Health Care Professionals Major Compendia and Drug Prescribing in Renal Failure Major Compendia, Drug Interaction Facts, Stockley s Drug Interactions Basic Skills in Interpreting Laboratory Data, Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, and Laboratory Test Handbook Request Type Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation Foreign drug identification Geriatric dosage Investigational drug information Examples of Major Compendia, Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation, and Drugs for Pregnant and Lactating Mothers Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference, Index Nominum, DRUGDEX, and internet search engines Major Compendia, Geriatric Dosage Handbook and Merck Manual of Geriatrics FDA website, Clinicaltrials.gov, Manufacturer websites Request Type Incompatibility and stability Pharmacology Examples of Handbook of Injectable Drugs, Trissel s Stability of Compounded Formulations, and Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy Major Compendia, Pediatric Dosage Handbook, and Harriet Lane Handbook Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Applied Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Basic Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Major Compendia Goodman and Gilman s: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Principles of Pharmacology Pediatric dosage Pharmacokinetics Request Type Therapy recommendation Toxicology information Examples of Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach, Harrison s s Principles of Internal Medicine, Applied Therapeutics, and Textbook of Therapeutics POISINDEX, Poisoning and Toxicology Handbook, and Clinical Management of Drug Overdose Maguy EL Hajj 3

4 AHFS Drug Information: It contains ti information on both thfda approved and off labeled uses of medications It contains information about dosing in special populations It contains some information about compatibility and stability of injectables It is available as paper text, as intranet and PDA version Drug Facts and Comparisons: It contains ti information organized dby drug class There are comparative monographs of drug classes to help discern differences between agents of the same class It is available through CD ROM, and internet tas well Drug Information Handbook (DIH): It is organized din bi brief fdrug monographs Data includes FDA approved and off labeled use of medications It has several appendixes providing treatment options and comparing agents in the same class It is also available through CD ROM, PDA and internet PDR (Physician Desk Reference): It is a compilation of product package inserts It includes contact information for manufacturers, a list of poison control centers and some limited tablet identification It is aslo available through PDA and online Maguy EL Hajj 4

5 Micromedex: DRUGDEX system: This is an electronic dtb database inside id Micromedex It contains information about FDA approved indications, off label uses, pharmacokinetic data, safety information and pharmacology It is available through h CD ROM,PDA and internet t USP DI Volumes I II and III: Vl Volume I contains ti information for the health care professional, organized into monographs based on non proprietary names Volume II contains advice for the lay person and material intended to supplement counseling Vl Volume III includes information about therapeutic equivalence and USP/NF requirements for labeling, storing and packaging drugs Index Nominum : International Drug Directory It contains ti information on drugs available in over 140 countries Information is included regarding: structure, therapeutic class and proprietary names of medications It is also available through h Micromedex Maguy EL Hajj 5

6 Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference It includes information on domestic and international drugs Proprietary names and manufacturer contact information are available for different countries Some information is provided about herbs, diagnostic agents, and radioactive agents It is available as online, hardcopy and CD ROM It is also available through Micromedex Meyler's Side Effects of Drugs: It provides a critical review of international ti literature in the area of adverse drug events Adverse events are organized by drug name and then by organ system within each drug Merck Index: It includes dt data like chemical structure, t molecular weight and physical data including solubility It is useful in compounding It is also available as online, CD ROM and PDA Review of Natural Products: It provides information about tthe chemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of natural substances A summary of relevant clinical trials is also available It is available as loose leaf, l bound paper, CD ROM and online Maguy EL Hajj 6

7 Drug Interactions Facts: It provides information about tdrug drug d or drugfood interactions Significance of the interaction and suggestions for management are also included It is available in both bound and loose leaf texts It is available online and as CD ROM Stockley s Drug interactions: It contains ti concise summaries of drug interactions with supporting reference citations It is also available in CD ROM, print and online IDENTIDEX : It is available through h Micromedex It has the ability to indentify tablets and pills based on the imprint code selected Handbook on Injectable Drugs: It includes information regarding the compatibility and stability of various parenteral medications It includes information about routes of administration and available strengths It is also available as a CD ROM and as a pocket handbook Maguy EL Hajj 7

8 Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation: It focuses extensively on information available about the use of medications in pregnant or lactating women Handbook of Nonprescription Drugs: an Interactive Approachto Self care It is organized by body system focusing on disease states for which self care may be proper Information is provided about comparative efficacy of various OTC agents, contraindications for self therapy, and drug interactions Applied Therapeutics: The Clinical Use of Drugs It includes information about tdisease states tt and treatment options It is in the form of cases and follow up discussion It comes with a CD ROM Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine: It includes information related ltdto pathophysiology, differential diagnosis and disease management It is also available as PDA and online Maguy EL Hajj 8

9 Pharmacotherapy: A PathophysiologicApproach: It contains ti information about tdisorders d including epidemiology, etiology, presentation of disease, and treatment It is also available as a CD ROM Poisindex : It is available as Micromedex It provides information about presentation and treatment of many toxicology situations Other resources: BitihNti British National lformulary (BNF) Pediatric Dosage Handbook Applied Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Basic and Clinical Pharmacology Goodman and Gilman s: The Pharmacological Basis of therapeutics Guidelines: Chest guidelines: AHA guidelines: NCCN guidelines: IDSA practice guidelines: Maguy EL Hajj 9

10 Guidelines: Nti National lheart tlung and Blood Institute t guidelines: American Academy of Neurology: American Academy of Pediatrics: / American Psychiatric Association: Guidelines: American Diabetes Association: American Cancer Society: Review articles: It contains ti information about tdisorders d including epidemiology, etiology, presentation of disease, and treatment Secondary Resources It refers to references that t either index or abstract the primary literature Indexing: providing bibliographic citation information Abstracting: providing a brief summary or description of the information found din the article Maguy EL Hajj 10

11 Secondary Resources Most are available online Search Term! : AND/OR Search limitation by language, year of publication, type of article, type of journal Secondary Resources Examples: Nti National cancer institute: t Cinahl: Cochrane database of systematic reviews: Embase: Google scholar: Secondary Resources Examples: Lexis nexis: i Medline : National Library of Medicine: Primary Resources It consists of clinical research studies and reports both published and unpublished Not all literature published in a journal is classified as primary literature: e/g: review articles and editorials It includes controlled trials, cohort studies, case seriesand case reports Maguy EL Hajj 11

12 Primary Resources Advantages: Access to detailed dtildinformation More recent than tertiary and secondary Primary Resources Drawbacks: Misleading conclusion based on one trial ti Need to have good skills in literature evaluation Time needed to evaluate large volume of literature available Internet Resources They can be useful for requests about unusual diseasesor about marketed OTC products or dietary supplements or about recent news Evaluation criteria: Is the source credible? Is the information accurate and recent? Is the information detailed and referenced? Is it possible to identify the authors in case of questions? Consumer Health Information Examples: Nti National llibrary of Medicine: i FDA: Thomson Health Care: Merck: National Women s Health Information Center: Maguy EL Hajj 12

13 Consumer Health Information Examples: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: RxList: Questions? Maguy EL Hajj 13