INTRODUCTION TO SUN JAVA DB. Øystein Grøvlen Java DB Architectural Lead Sun Microsystems

Transcription

1 INTRODUCTION TO SUN JAVA DB Øystein Grøvlen Java DB Architectural Lead Sun Microsystems 1

2 Agenda Sun Microsystems, Trondheim Introduction to Java DB Features Configurations Demos Open-Source Community (Apache Derby) Database Performance Q&A 2

3 Sun Microsystems, Trondheim

4 Suns utviklingsavdeling i Trondheim En del av software-divisjonen Database Center of Excellence Flere produkter: HADB (Clustra), Java DB (Apache Derby), PostgreSQL, memcached 46 ansatte, flesteparten utdannet ved NTNU (hvorav 9 med doktorgrad) 4

5 Internasjonalt miljø Trondheim, Bangalore, California Engelsk Samarbeid Åpen kildekode Software global natur Kultur 5

6 Programmering C/C++ Java SE Java EE Databaser Åpen kildekode Dyp kompetanse 6

7 Infrastruktur og Kvalitet Lab Engineering Quality Engineering, testutvikling Quality Assurance, generelt kvalitetsarbeid Release Engineering, leveranser 7

8 Java DB Introduction

9 What is? The database for Java Sun's supported distribution of Apache Derby > Same source > Same binaries > Sun-supported Bundled in Sun JDK 6 Open source database technology Derby is a sub-project of the Apache DB Project 9

10 Main Characteristics Complete relational database engine Embeddable and client/server database Easy to use, zero maintenance Small footprint (2MB) Standards-based (JDBC, SQL92/99/2003) Compact, secure, mature and robust Pure Java (write once, run anywhere) 10

11 Java DB History 1996: Cloudscape founded Release ' 1999: Cloudscape acquired by Informix 2001: DB part of Informix acquired by IBM 2004: IBM donated Cloudscape to Apache as Derby Early 2005: Sun starts contributing to Apache Derby July 2005: Derby graduated from Apache Incubator December 2005: Sun announces Java DB December 2006: Java DB bundled in Sun JDK 6 Current release: (August 2007) 11

12 Java DB in Sun Products Java DB is used by > > > > Java Enterprise System Java System Application Server (incl. Glassfish) Java System Portal Server and Service Registry Java DB is supported by Netbeans Sun offers support for Java DB Bundled in Sun JDK 6 Available standalone at: 12

13 Java DB Features

14 Pure Java Database code written in Java Write Once Run Anywhere > Requires a J2SE 1.4, J2SE 5.0, or Java SE 6 virtual machine > Any hardware, any operating system, any vendor Single binary runs everywhere > Solaris, Solaris x86, Linux, FreeBSD, Windows, MacOs, AIX, Z/OS, AS400, OS/390, Database on-disk format is platform independent, too! 14

15 Small Footprint (Compact) Engine jar file is around 2MB > Optional Jar files Network server ~150k Tools ~200k Runtime memory use > Dependent on application, data caching etc. > Can run when Java heap memory restricted to 4MB > Have run in machines with only 16MB physical memory Engine jar can be compressed down to ~600K for faster download (Java 5 Pack200) 15

16 Complete Relational Engine Multi-user, transactions, isolation levels, deadlock detection, crash recovery SQL > Tables, indexes, views, triggers, procedures, functions > Foreign keys and check constraints > Joins, cost based optimizer Data caching, statement caching, write ahead logging, group commit Online backup/restore Database encryption 16

17 Java Stored Procedures/Functions SQL Standard part 13 To call back into the DB engine, use Standard SQL connection URL: jdbc:default:connection May call external Java functions from SQL. Example: CREATE FUNCTION COS(A DOUBLE) RETURNS DOUBLE LANGUAGE JAVA PARAMETER STYLE JAVA NO SQL EXTERNAL NAME java.lang.math.cos ij> VALUES COS(2.1); row selected 17

18 Security On-disk database encryption Built-in, LDAP, NIS+ and pluggable authentication > Support for various network authentication mechanisms > Authentication provider interface Support for strong network client authentication > Derby network client driver ANSI grant/revoke privileges support Java Security Manager enabled by default SSL / TLS for encryption between client and server 18

19 Standards Based SQL > SQL92, SQL99, SQL2003, SQL/XML, Java J2SE 1.3, 1.4, 5.0, Java SE 6 Java EE JDBC 2.0 & 3.0 (4.0 as part of Java DB ) Java ME CDC (JSR 169) (JDBC for CDC) DRDA V3 > OpenGroup ( > > > > 19

20 Java DB Configurations

21 Embedded Java DB Java Virtual Machine Application or App/Web Server JDBC Java DB Database(s) on disk Database only accessible from a single JVM Startup & shutdown controlled by application Just one JAR file Invisible to the user Easy to use Zero administration Fast 21

22 Starting an Embedded Java DB No specific start-up code! Loading the JDBC driver starts the embedded engine Making a connection request to the database starts that database, if it was not already running 22

23 Start Up Code String driverclassname = org.apache.derby.jdbc.embeddeddriver ; String databaseurl = jdbc:derby:dbname ; // Load the JDBC Driver Class.forName(driverClassName); // Open a connection to the database Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(databaseURL); 23

24 JDBC Driver URL Format: jdbc:derby:[database][;attribute=value]* Attributes: user, password, create, databasename, logdevice, territory, collation, encryption options, recovery options To create a new database, connect with URL: jdbc:derby:dbname;create=true Attributes can also be passed in the Properties parameter of DriverManager.getConnection methods. 24

25 Shutting Down an Embedded DB Do nothing exiting VM will stop Java DB > Recovery will be run on next start Shut down a single database > Make a connection request to the database with URL: jdbc:derby:dbname;shutdown=true Shut down all databases and the engine > Make a connection request without a database name: jdbc:derby:;shutdown=true Note: A connection request for shutdown will throw an exception. 25

26 Client/Server App JDBC App JDBC DRDA Java VM Network Server JDBC Java DB Network Server uses embedded driver against Java DB Standard protocol (DRDA). May use drivers from other vendors. Scripts provided to start and stop a Network Server. Database(s) on disk 26

27 Avoid Network Server Security Risks Enable user authentication Run the network server with the Java 2 Security Manager enabled (default in 10.3) > Procedures and functions will have no permissions > Application code can be granted permissions If Internet access is not needed, ensure your firewall blocks the network server port May use SSL / TLS for encryption between client and server 27

28 Embedded Network Server App JDBC DRDA Java VM Network App Server JDBC Java DB Provides access to database from outside the application's VM. Adds DB reporting and debugging capabilities to stand-alone application No code changes to application. Enabled by setting property derby.drda.startnetworkserver Database(s) on disk 28

29 Read only DB-in-a-jar (or zip) Generate DB application Use DB application Embedded JDBC Driver Embedded JDBC Driver Java DB Java DB jar cvf db.jar foobar 29

30 DB-on-a-stick Application Embedded JDBC Driver Java DB 30

31 DB in a Browser Browser Ajax Applet Embedded JDBC Driver Small enough to fit in a browser Fast enough for interactive use See demo at Java DB 31

32 Tools ij Interactive SQL/Scripting tool > JDBC neutral, can be used against other JDBC drivers dblook schema extraction tool for Java DB > Generates the DDL to be used to recreate database schema sysinfo Java DB version information > Output useful for bug reporting in Jira Third party GUI tool > SQuirreL 32

33 No separate SQL virtual machine SQL compiled into Java byte-code Run on standard Java VM > Pro: Fast. Utilizes JIT compiler > Con: Compilation + class-loading SQL HotSpot compiler Query Parser & Compiler Bytecode Machine instructions 33

34 Pluggable Storage Architecture EmbeddedDriver / NetworkServer Database Engine Optional configurable encryption layer using JCE File System Zip/Jar Memory HTTP?... 34

35 Java DB Community

36 Apache Derby Community Apache Software License v2.0 Anyone can contribute Active contributors become committers through community vote. Apache Derby community is > growing at fast pace > a very active one > a great place to learn more about database internals 36

37 Current GA Release Features Security improvements > DBA Powers > Secure Server by Default > SSL / TLS between client and server Language Based Ordering (Collation) Alter Table Enhancements (drop/rename column) More Performance Improvements BLOB / CLOB Enhancements More info at: > 37

38 Working on Next Release (10.4) SQL Roles System privileges > Restrict who can shutdown engines and create databases SQL OLAP functionality > e.g., ROW_NUMBER() Unique constraints on nullable columns Basic replication for high availability VTI (Table Functions) JMX management interface 38

39 Participate! > Download, read docs JIRA > Report bugs, submit patches > Discuss experience, get help, give feedback > Discuss developer issues 39

40 Derby Integration ActiveMQ IBM DB2 Everyplace AntHill Pro IBM DB2 JDBC Universal Driver Apache Cocoon Red Hat Application Server Roller 2.0 Apache Geronimo IBM WebSphere App Server Apache JDO ISQL-Viewer Apache Xalan Java DB Daffodil Replicator JBoss Sun Java Portal Server Data Direct SequeLink JPOX Sun Java Studio DB Visual Architect Jython Sun Java EE Drone IRC Bot Kodo Sun Service Registry Eclipse Maven SUSE Linux 9.3 Glassfish Netbeans Zend core for IBM Hibernate Zimbra Tomcat IBM Cloudscape Sequoia (C-JDBC) SQuirreL SQL Sun Java ES 40

41 References TaxDemo: > Netbeans Demo: > 41