Effect of Design Parameter on the Performance of Lithium Ion Battery

Transcription

1 Aadil Ahmad, Mohd. Parvz / Intrnational Journal of Enginring Rarch and Application Vol. 3, Iu 4, Jul-Aug 2013, pp Effct of Dign Paramtr on th Prformanc of Lithium Ion Battry Aadil Ahmad 1, Mohd. Parvz 2 1 (Dpartmnt of mchanical nginring, AFSET, dhauj Faridabad Haryana(india) 2 (prof. & HOD Dpartmnt of mchanical nginring, AFSET, dhauj Faridabad Haryana(india) Abtract Th dmand of altrnativ nrgy ourc incraing bcau gaolin rrv in world i dplting day by day. Variou altrnativ nrgy rourc i bing ud to mt out th rquirmnt of th human bing. Battry ar alo a kind of altrnativ nrgy ourc. Du to limitation of ful rrv rarchr hav focud toward th lithium ion battri to powr automotiv vhicl. Such a lctric vhicl (EV), hybrid lctric vhicl and plug-in hybrid lctric vhicl. Apart from that lithium ion battry ar bing ud in variou mall lctronic portabl dvic. In thi work w hav imulatd mathmatical modl for lithium ion battry to th ffct of k paramtr uch a poroity of poitiv lctrod, poroity of ngativ lctrod and radiu of olid particl in ngativ lctrod and radiu of olid particl in poitiv lctrod. I hav n that incraing th particl radiu and poroity in ngativ lctrod gratly affct th charg and dicharg bhaviour of th battry apart from that ffct of incraing particl radiu and poroity of poitiv lctrod ha minut ffct ovr th battry bhaviour. I. Introduction Th capacity or powr to do work, uch a th capacity to mov an objct (of a givn ma) by th application of forc. Evrything what happnd in th world i th xprion of flow of nrgy from on form to othr form. nrgy i a ky input in conomic growth. thr i a clo link btwn th availability of nrgy and futur growth of a nation. Howvr in a dvloping country lik India gratr th availability of nrgy mor i it hortag. A battry i dfind a a combination of individual cll.in lctricity, a battry i a dvic coniting of on or mor lctrochmical cll that convrt tord chmical nrgy into lctrical nrgy. A battry can alo b thought of a black box into which lctrical nrgy i put tord lctro chmically and latr rcovrd a lctrical nrgy. A lithium ion battry conit of two lctrod with a parator in btwn. Th total thickn of th ambly i approximatly μm, dpnding on th typ of application th cll i intndd for. Battry cll ar ambld by winding or tacking th layr of th lctrod and th parator into cylindrical or primatic hap. Th lctrod with th hight lctrod potntial i calld th poitiv lctrod. It uually conit of a tranition mtal matrial, which can hot lithium ion. Th othr lctrod i uually mad of graphit and it i calld th ngativ lctrod. Both th lctrod and th parator ar porou. An lctrolyt fill up th por to crat lctrolytic contact btwn th lctrod. Th lctrolyt i a lithium alt diolvd in a mixtur of olvnt, polymr or ionic liquid. Th proc i rprntd by th raction blow, whr X rprnt th tranition mtal matrial in th poitiv lctrod and C6 th graphit in th ngativ lctrod. II. Objctiv Effct of dign paramtr on th prformanc of lithium ion battry (1)Effct of varying particl radiu of cathod and anod on battry capacity. (2) Effct of varying poroity or volum fraction on battry capacity. III. Mthodology A chmatic of a lithium ion battry i hown in fig 1. Gnrally, a lithium ion battry conit of th currnt collctor, th poitiv lctrod, th parator and th ngativ lctrod. A lithiatd organic olution fill th porou componnt and rv a th lctrolyt. Th matrial balanc for th Li ion in an activ olid matrial particl i govrnd by Fick cond law in phrical coordinat: 1196 P a g

2 Aadil Ahmad, Mohd. Parvz / Intrnational Journal of Enginring Rarch and Application Vol. 3, Iu 4, Jul-Aug 2013, pp. j.( int Figur 1: working modl of lithium ion battry Matrial balanc in th lctrolyt Ovr-potntial for intrcalation raction i givn by 0 0 c ) U jr (6) ( ff it 1 t.( D c ) t F F (1) Ohm law in th olid pha ff.( ) j 0 (2) a Ohm law in th lctrolyt pha ff 2RT ) F ff ( t 0 d ln( f ) 1) 1 ln ln c d c a a j (3) Whr j j int (4) Li-ion intrcalation currnt dnity j int i givn by Butlr-Volmr kintic F F a a c a c F c c, max c c xp xp RT RT (5) j 0 rf R 0 For cathod f and anod (7) Diffuion of Li + into th anod particl i givn by Fick cond law of diffuion c t D 1 r 2 r r 2 c r f (8) Whr i = p for th poitiv lctrod and i = n for th ngativ lctrod. By u of th quation w analyi th diffrnt paramtr of lithium ion battry uch that Effct of varying particl radiu of cathod and anod on battry capacity. And ffct of varying poroity or volum fraction on battry capacity by th comol oftwar. IV. Rult and dicuion 1197 P a g

3 Aadil Ahmad, Mohd. Parvz / Intrnational Journal of Enginring Rarch and Application Vol. 3, Iu 4, Jul-Aug 2013, pp. figur 2: Applid currnt dnity during dicharg and charg (A/m 2 ) Fig 2 how th applid currnt dnity during dicharg and charg of th battry. 8.75A/m 2 i applid for 3600 cond to dicharg th battry ubquntly th battry i kpt at zro currnt for 3000 cond and charg upto3600 cond th again kpt at zro currnt for 300 cond Figur 3: Variation of cll potntial for variou poroity of ngativ lctrod during dicharg and charg 1198 P a g

4 Aadil Ahmad, Mohd. Parvz / Intrnational Journal of Enginring Rarch and Application Vol. 3, Iu 4, Jul-Aug 2013, pp. Fig 3 how variation of cll potntial during dicharg and charg for diffrnt poroity of th ngativ lctrod. During dicharg 8.75A/m 2 currnt for 3600 cond i applid o that cll potntial dcra and during rt priod all th gradint rlax, thn potntial incra upto a crtain valu Aftr that battry charg for 3600 cond with 8.75 A/m 2 o that cll potntial incra thn cll i kpt at opn circuit condition for 300 cond. Fig10 how that incraing th poroity of ngativ lctrod dcra th cll potntial i.. capacity. Capacity dcra du to dcra in primary activ matrial with incraing poroity of th ngativ lctron. Figur 4: Variation of cll potntial for variou poroity of poitiv lctrod during dicharg and charg Fig 4 how variation of cll potntial during dicharg and charg for diffrnt poroity of th poitiv lctrod. During dicharg 8.75A/m 2 currnt for 3600 cond i applid o that cll potntial dcra and during rt priod all th gradint rlax, thn potntial incra up to a crtain valu Aftr that battry charg for 3600 cond with 8.75 A/m 2 o that cll potntial incra thn cll i kpt at opn circuit condition for 300 cond. Fig13 how that incraing th poroity of poitiv lctrod dcra th cll potntial i.. capacity. Capacity dcra du to dcra in primary activ matrial with incraing poroity of th poitiv lctron. But th graph how mall variation whn w incra th poroity of poitiv lctron a compard to poroity of ngativ lctron 1199 P a g

5 Aadil Ahmad, Mohd. Parvz / Intrnational Journal of Enginring Rarch and Application Vol. 3, Iu 4, Jul-Aug 2013, pp. Figur 5: variation in cll potntial for variou particl radiu in ngativ lctrod during dicharg and charg. Fig 5 how variation in cll potntial for variou particl radiu in ngativ lctrod during dicharg and charg. If w incra th ngativ particl radiu thn th battry dicharg up to lowr potntial bcau th rat of lithium diffuion inid th olid particl dclratd. Thi dclration of lithium inid th olid particl gratly affct th prformanc of th battry. Figur 6: variation in cll potntial for variou particl radiu in poitiv lctrod during dicharg and charg P a g

6 Aadil Ahmad, Mohd. Parvz / Intrnational Journal of Enginring Rarch and Application Vol. 3, Iu 4, Jul-Aug 2013, pp. Fig 6 how variation in cll potntial for variou particl radiu in poitiv lctrod during dicharg and charg. If w incra th poitiv particl radiu thn th battry dicharg up to lowr potntial bcau th rat of lithium diffuion inid th olid particl dclratd. Thi dclration of lithium inid th olid particl gratly affct th prformanc of th battry. But if w th graph of battry capacity for poitiv and ngativ lctrod thn th variation for poitiv lctrod radiu how mall variation in battry prformanc. V. Concluion and futur cop VI. Concluion Th rult obtaind by th plotting th graph btwn battry potntial with tim for dicharging and charging ar diffrnt. Th graph how th battry capacity variation mor whn w chang th ngativ radiu particl of lithium ion and or ngativ poroity. Whil th graph obtaind by changing th poitiv lctrod or poitiv poroity i l. So th graph how that if w incra th poitiv lithium ion radiu or poroity thn it prformanc do not vary mor. VII. Futur cop Th rult obtaind by th plotting th graph btwn battry potntial with rpct to tim by th comol multyphyic oftwar. Hr th only two paramtr that can vary lithium ion particl radiu and poroity and kping othr thing contant. Th rult ar obtaind by oftwar and nd practical cop. I hav don thi by oftwar if i acquir financial aid thn I can validat th rult xprimntally. Uing xprimntal tup w can alo invtigat th ffct of varying lctrod thickn, lctrod and lctrolyt matrial, conductivity additiv and bindr ovr th prformanc and bhavior of lithium ion battry [4] N. Taniguchi, K. Hatoh, J. Niikura, T. Gamo, M. Doyl, and J. Nwman, Comparion of Modling Prdiction with Exprimntal Data from Platic Lithium Ion Cll, vol. 143, no. 6, pp , [5] L. Cai and R. E. Whit, Mathmatical modling of a lithium ion battry with thrmal ffct in COMSOL Inc. Multiphyic (MP) oftwar, Journal of Powr Sourc, vol. 196, no. 14, pp , Jul [6] J. Yan, B.-J. Xia, Y.-C. Su, X.-Z. Zhou, J. Zhang, and X.-G. Zhang, Phnomnologically modling th formation and volution of th olid lctrolyt intrfac on th graphit lctrod for lithium-ion battri, Elctrochimica Acta, vol. 53, no. 24, pp , Oct [7] S. Biallozor, Modling Sid Raction in Compoit LiMn2O4 Elctrod, vol. 145, no. 3, pp , [8] G. G. Bott, V. R. Subramanian, and R. E. Whit, Mathmatical modling of condary lithium battri, Elctrochimica Acta, vol. 45, no , pp , May [9] M. Doyl, T. F. Fullr, and J. Nwman, Modling of Galvanotatic Charg and Dicharg of th Lithium / Polymr / Inrtion Cll, vol. 140, no. 6, pp , [10] T. F. Fullr, M. Doyl, and J. Nwman, TECHNICAL PAPERS ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Simulation and Optimization of th Dual Lithium Ion Inrtion Cll, vol. 141, no. 1, Rfrnc [1] I. M. Dvlopmnt, Micro-Macrocopic Coupld Modling of Battri and Ful Cll, vol. 145, no. 10, pp , [2] S. Santhanagopalan, Q. Guo, and R. E. Whit, Paramtr Etimation and Modl Dicrimination for a Lithium-Ion Cll, Journal of Th Elctrochmical Socity, vol. 154, no. 3, p. A198, [3] G.-H. Kim, K. Smith, K.-J. L, S. Santhanagopalan, and A. Paran, Multi- Domain Modling of Lithium -Ion Battri Encompaing Multi-Phyic in Varid Lngth Scal, Journal of Th Elctrochmical Socity, vol. 158, no. 8, p. A955, P a g