Professor Heikki Ervasti University of Turku Department of Social Research

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1 Professor Heikki Ervasti University of Turku Department of Social Research Takis Venetoklis University of Turku Department of Social Research

fi 02-333 5706 040-511 7146 Takis Venetoklis University

2 Today s lecture describes briefly two related topics 1. The ESS The European Social Survey Home page 2. The ESS EduNet The European Social Survey Education Net Norwegian Social Science Data Services (NSD) 2

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4 The ESS project is directed by a Core Scientific Team led by Rory Fitzgerald from the Centre for Comparative Social Surveys at City University London, UK. The ESS project is funded via the European Commission's Framework Programmes, the European Science Foundation the National funding bodies in each country. The questionnaire includes two main sections, each consisting of approximately 120 items a 'core' module which will remain relatively constant from round to round two or more 'rotating' modules, repeated at intervals. 4

The ESS project is funded via the European Commission's Framework Programmes, the European Science Foundation the National funding

5 THE CORE MODULE includes Media use Social and public trust Political interest and participation Socio-political orientations Governance and efficacy Moral, political and social values Social exclusion National, ethnic and religious allegiances Well-being, health and security Demographics and socio-economics 5

political and social values Social exclusion National, ethnic and religious

6 THE ROTATING MODULES INCLUDE Round 1 (2002) Citizen involvement and democracy (as in Round ) Immigration and asylum (as in Round ) Round 2 (2004) Family, work and well-being (as in Round ) Health and care seeking (as in Round ) Economic morality Round 3 (2006) Personal and social well-being (as in Round ) Perceptions of the life course Round 4 (2008) Attitudes on welfare, views on taxation, Attitudes towards ageism, age related discrimination Round 5 (2010) Trust in Police and Courts Family, work and well-being (as in Round ) Round 6 (2012) Citizen involvement and democracy (as in Round ) Personal and social well-being (as in Round ) Round 7 (2014) Immigration and asylum (as in Round ) Health and care seeking (as in Round ) 6

welfare, views on taxation, Attitudes towards ageism, age related discrimination Round 5 (2010) Trust in Police and Courts Family, work and well-being (as in Round 2-2004) Round 6 (2012) Citizen

7 How many observations per round per country do we have? 7

8 Total 42,359 48,487 43,000 52,626 50, ,253 ess round country Total AT 2,257 2,256 2, ,918 BE 1,899 1,778 1,798 1,760 1,704 8,939 BG 0 0 1,400 2,230 2,434 6,064 CH 2,040 2,141 1,804 1,819 1,506 9,310 CY ,215 1,083 3,293 CZ 1,360 3, ,018 2,386 8,790 DE 2,919 2,870 2,916 2,751 3,031 14,487 DK 1,506 1,487 1,505 1,610 1,576 7,684 EE 0 1,989 1,517 1,661 1,793 6,960 ES 1,729 1,663 1,876 2,576 1,885 9,729 FI 2,000 2,022 1,896 2,195 1,878 9,991 FR 1,503 1,806 1,986 2,073 1,728 9,096 GB 2,052 1,897 2,394 2,352 2,422 11,117 GR 2,566 2, ,072 2,715 9,759 HR ,484 1,649 3,133 HU 1,685 1,498 1,518 1,544 1,561 7,806 IE 2,046 2,286 1,800 1,764 2,576 10,472 IL 2, ,490 2,294 7,283 IT 1,207 1, ,736 LU 1,552 1, ,187 NL 2,364 1,881 1,889 1,778 1,829 9,741 NO 2,036 1,760 1,750 1,549 1,548 8,643 PL 2,110 1,716 1,721 1,619 1,751 8,917 PT 1,511 2,052 2,222 2,367 2,150 10,302 RU 0 0 2,437 2,512 2,595 7,544 SE 1,999 1,948 1,927 1,830 1,497 9,201 SI 1,519 1,442 1,476 1,286 1,403 7,126 SK 0 1,512 1,766 1,810 1,856 6,944 TR 0 1, , ,272 UA 0 2,031 2,002 1,845 1,931 7,809 8

6,960 ES 1,729 1,663 1,876 2,576 1,885 9,729 FI 2,000 2,022 1,896 2,195 1,878 9,991 FR 1,503 1,806 1,986 2,073 1,728 9,096 GB 2,052 1,897 2,394 2,352 2,422 11,117 GR 2,566 2,406 0 2,072 2,715 9,759

9 Download options Only certain rounds (or all) Only certain variables (or all) Only certain countries (or all) Only certain survey themes (or all) Downloading the ESS database Database formats Stata SAS SPSS CSV (Excel) Text NSDStat (for proprietary statistical software) For Rounds 1 5 ( ) there are in total (approx.) observations 950 variables 273 Mb (Stata format) 9

formats Stata SAS SPSS CSV (Excel) Text NSDStat (for proprietary statistical software) For

10 ESS gives also possibities to select and download macro level data per country from outside sources including the Eurostat OECD UN UNESCO World Bank Freedom House World Health Organization Transparency International This macro data is readily merged with ESS rounds 4 (2008) and 5 (2010) For Round 4 (2008) there are in total observarions 3243 variables 953 Mb in size (Stata format) For Round 5 (2010) there are in total observations 3272 variables 863 Mb in size (Stata format) 10

merged with ESS rounds 4 (2008) and 5 (2010) For Round 4 (2008) there are in total 56752 observarions 3243 variables 953 Mb

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13 Some more information on the ESS There are globally approx ESS registered users from over 200 countries In Finland there are currently approx registered users Finland ranks 16th in absolute numbers in terms of registered users (but much higher in relation to its population). Around 900 papers have been written using the ESS (found in the ESS site). In reality the number of papers is much higher. ESS is used not only for research but for teaching as well (e.g. course at the UTU) 13

1200 registered users Finland ranks 16th in absolute numbers in terms of registered users (but much higher in relation to

14 The Education Net of ESS is an online training environment. It is a learning tool for self-study on different popular research topics using the data from ESS Immigration Well-being Family, Gender and Work Human values Social and Political Trust Regression Weighting the ESS Multilevel models Each of these topics includes Theory section Downloadable ready-made data specifically manipulated for the topic investigated Exercises Examples (including statistical software outputs) Bibliography 14

Family, Gender and Work Human values Social and Political Trust Regression Weighting the ESS Multilevel models Each of

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17 Outline of the module in ESS EduNet on multilevel analysis Three chapters on theoretical aspects of MLM Short review of OLS Basic concepts of principles of MLM The two level model Analytic strategy on how to build MLM Null Model ICC Level 1 model with explanatory variables Level 2 model with explanatory variables 17

MLM The two level model Analytic strategy on how to build MLM Null Model ICC

18 Practical Multilevel analysis through ESS EduNet Examples of 2-level MLM Example 1: Determining a child s education Level 1: Individuals (Residents), variables Level 2: 19 Norwegian counties (proxy for types of labor markets), Variables Example 2: Determining a person s wage Level 1: Individuals (employees), variables Level 2: Firms, variables Example 3: What factors are associlated with people s happiness around Europe and differences among country groups Level 1: Individuals in European countries (respondents of ESS), variables Level 2: Groups of countries, variables 18

1: Individuals (employees), variables Level 2: Firms, variables Example 3: What factors are associlated with people s happiness around Europe

19 The multilevel analysis example using the ESS database measuring Happiness Step by step instructions on how to conduct empirical research Hypothesis formulation and references Selection of variables needed Manipulation of data needed (cut and paste coding) Building of models using Stata and SPSS coding Testing Output Interpretation and writing of empirical results 19

Selection of variables needed Manipulation of data needed (cut and paste coding) Building of

20 Thank you! 20

21 NUTS: Nomenclature of territorial units for statistics NUTS: A geographical nomenclature subdividing the territory of the European Union (EU) into regions at three different levels: NUTS 1, 2 and 3, respectively, moving from larger to smaller territorial units. Above NUTS 1 is the 'national' level of the Member State. NUTS areas aim to provide a single and coherent territorial breakdown for the compilation of EU regional statistics. The NUTS classification valid from 1 January 2008 until 31 December 2011 lists 97 regions at NUTS regions at NUTS regions at NUTS 3. 21

egovernment Digital Agenda Scoreboard 2014

egovernment Digital Agenda Scoreboard 2014 1 egovernment use in EU28 has been flat In 2013 egovernment services have been used by 41% of the EU28 population, down from 44% in 2012 and almost at the same