A Mobile Open Infrastructure Network Protocol (MOIN) for Localization and Data Communication in UWB Based Wireless Sensor Networks

Transcription

1 A Mobile Open Infrastructure Network Protocol (MOIN) for Localization and Data Communication in UWB Based Wireless Sensor Networks 014 IEEE International Conference on Ultra-Wideband (ICUWB) Paris, France Manuel Janssen, Andreas Busboom, Udo Schoon, Gerd von Cölln, Carsten Koch Hochschule Emden/Leer, Germany University of Applied Sciences, Department of Electronics and Informatics {Manuel.Janssen, Carsten.Koch, 3. September 014

2 Outline Context Outline Outline motivation and context related protocols MOIN protocol performance evaluation summary and outlook M. Janssen Mobile Open Infrastructure Network Protocol 3. September 014 /16

3 Outline Context Motivation Context Oshore operations: part of research project SOOP - Safe Oshore OPerations the aim is the contribution to the industrialization of oshore wind energy today: manual process monitoring (TETRA radio, visual,... ) the goal was to develop a system architecture as base to generate an overview of the operation wireless sensor network (WSN) for communication and localization under harsh environmental conditions M. Janssen Mobile Open Infrastructure Network Protocol 3. September 014 3/16

4 Outline Context Motivation Wireless Sensor Network most available protocols either focus on: localization or communication required is a combination of both; with following requirements high precise ranging measurements data communication for collected sensor data dealing with harsh environments implementation of a suitable network protocol for localization and communication due to harsh environments the decision was made to use Ultra Wideband (UWB) as the right radio technology [4] approach can be easily mapped to a great number of similar problems and applications (Internet of Things, Smart Factories etc.) M. Janssen Mobile Open Infrastructure Network Protocol 3. September 014 4/16

5 IEEE MAC PULSERS MAC IEEE MAC supports additional physical layers such as Ultra Wideband (UWB) centralized beacon enabled protocol [1] based on a time-slotted superframe structure [3] Superframe n-1 Superframe n Superframe n+1 Beacon period Contention access period (CSMA/CA) MCTA 1 Channel time allocation period MCTA CTA 1 CTA CTA k Figure : the IEEE time-slotted superframe structure M. Janssen Mobile Open Infrastructure Network Protocol 3. September 014 /16

6 IEEE MAC PULSERS MAC PULSERS MAC (cf. [1],[3]) supports peer-to-peer communication fulll guaranteed requests with low latency ranging functionality with low power consumption Beacon slot CAP slot CFP slot GTS GTS Req. period RNG period BP CAP CFP IP Superframe duration (SD) Beacon Interval (BI) BP: Beacon Period CAP: Contention Access Period CFP: Contention Free Period IP: Inactive Period (optional) GTS: Guaranteed Time Slot Figure : PULSERS MAC frame structure [1] M. Janssen Mobile Open Infrastructure Network Protocol 3. September 014 6/16

7 Topology overview Protocol description Slot conguration of MOIN Communication ow Network topology Components Master congures and coordinates the whole network via related Coordinators Coordinators act as relay stations for their respective sensor domain mobile nodes (slave) execute ranging measurements to calculate their positions and collect sensor data (temperature, acceleration etc.) anchor nodes provide ranging measurements for mobile nodes Slave Anchor Anchor Slave Anchor Slave Slave MOIN- MOIN- Anchor MOIN- Coordinator Master Coordinator Slave Anchor Slave Anchor Anchor Slave Figure : MOIN network topology M. Janssen Mobile Open Infrastructure Network Protocol 3. September 014 7/16

8 Topology overview Protocol description Slot conguration of MOIN Communication ow Protocol frame structure Properties replaced contention access period by contention free period cause CSMA/CA could be a dicult task in UWB-WSNs [] also it is not deterministic and unsuitable for time critical applications fully collision free and predictable multiple access combines TDMA and CDMA enables simultaneous channel access adaptive slot assignment Superframe n-1 Superframe n Superframe n+1 Beaconperiod Contention free access (CDMA/TDMA) Ranging period Channel time allocation period CTA 1 CTA CTA 3 CTA 4 Data period Figure : modied time-slotted superframe structure from the IEEE MAC CTA k M. Janssen Mobile Open Infrastructure Network Protocol 3. September 014 8/16

9 Topology overview Protocol description Slot conguration of MOIN Communication ow Slot conguration Structure two-dimensional slot conguration m-time slots n-code channels Control channels for Coordinators handover between sensor domains Dierent stages 1. beacon period. ranging period and registration process 3. data period code channel (c) c 6 c c 4 c 3 c c 1 c 0 beacon beacon ranging measurements registration process registration process data communication data communication t 0 t 1 t t 3 t 4 t t 6 t 7 t 8 Beacon period Slot duration Ranging period and registration process ranging slot = 4ms data slot = ms Data period Control channel for coordinator Control channel for coordinator 1 time (t) M. Janssen Mobile Open Infrastructure Network Protocol 3. September 014 9/16

10 Topology overview Protocol description Slot conguration of MOIN Communication ow Example: Communication sequence MOIN-Master MOIN- Coordinator 1 Slave 1 Slave Slave N MM_MSG_COORD_SYNC MM_MSG_DISCOVERY _RESPONSE MM_SET_COORD_CHANNEL MM_MSG_LOGIN_BEAC MM_MSG_LOGIN_ BEAC MM_MSG_LOGIN_ACK MM_MSG_LOGIN_ACK MM_MSG_LOGIN_ACK MM_MSG_LOGIN_ ACK MM_MSG_LOGIN_ ACK MM_MSG_LOGIN_ ACK MM_MSG_MAC_BEAC MM_MSG_MAC_ BEAC MM_MSG_MAC_ACK MM_MSG_MAC_ACK MM_MSG_MAC_ACK MM_MSG_MAC_ ACK MM_MSG_MAC_ ACK MM_MSG_MAC_ ACK Figure : Communication sequence of MOIN components M. Janssen Mobile Open Infrastructure Network Protocol 3. September /16

11 results results switch code channel and send range requests select channel 0 and send data back to gateway Network setup one Master one Coordinator ve mobile nodes (slaves) four anchor nodes TX RX received MAC frame Results totaltime of 64 ms update frequency of 1.8 Hz Time (ms.) Superframe duration by 4 anchor nodes Number of slaves M. Janssen Mobile Open Infrastructure Network Protocol 3. September /16

12 Literature The aim of the paper was to present a new ecient MAC protocol for UWB based WSNs which combines localization and data communication for industrial applications Summary propose of an ecient MAC layer for industrial applications possibility of simultaneous channel access overcomes limitations of related MAC protocols scalable depending on the network conguration verication of performance by comparison to established methods (pure TDMA) Outlook decreased power consumption by extended sleep modes in unused slots optimization of slot duration by faster channel switch and new available API of used radio modules integrate load balancing between sensor domains to decrease the duration of the data period M. Janssen Mobile Open Infrastructure Network Protocol 3. September 014 1/16

13 Literature Literature [1] L.X. Cai, Xuemin Shen, and J. Mark. Ecient MAC protocol for ultra-wideband networks. Communications Magazine, IEEE, 47(6):179 18, june 009. [] Fabrice Legrand, Isabelle Bucaille, Serge Héthuin, Luca De Nardis, Guerino Giancola, Maria gabriella Di Benedetto, Ljubica Blazevic, and et al. U.C.A.N.'s Ultra Wide Band System: MAC and Routing protocols, 003. [3] Mohd Shahril and Izuan Mohd. Finding the Optimal MAC Protocol for Low-Power High Data Rate Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Networks. cms.livjm.ac.uk, pages 194, 008. [4] Thorsten Wehs, Manuel Janssen, Carsten Koch, and Gerd von Cölln. System architecture for data communication and localization under harsh environmental conditions in maritime automation. In IEEE 10th International Conference on Industrial Informatics, 01. M. Janssen Mobile Open Infrastructure Network Protocol 3. September /16

14 A Mobile Open Infrastructure Network Protocol (MOIN) for Localization and Data Communication in UWB Based Wireless Sensor Networks 014 IEEE International Conference on Ultra-Wideband (ICUWB) Paris, France Manuel Janssen, Andreas Busboom, Udo Schoon, Gerd von Cölln, Carsten Koch Hochschule Emden/Leer, Germany University of Applied Sciences, Department of Electronics and Informatics {Manuel.Janssen, Carsten.Koch, 3. September 014

15 Literature Duration of each superframe The total time of each superframe is: t sf = B + R + D B is the duration of the beacon period ( 40 ms) R is the duaration of the ranging period { ((m div r) + 1) r t rslot, m r t r = m r r tr, (m mod r) = 0 (1) slot D is the duration of the data period: t d = m t dslot, m > 0 () M. Janssen Mobile Open Infrastructure Network Protocol 3. September 014 1/16

16 Literature Example of slot assignment code channel (c) c c c c c c 1 reserved for registration 1 4 c 0 reserved for registration 3 t 0 t 1 t t 3 t 4 t t 6 t 7 t 8 t 9 time (t) Figure : Example of the adaptive slot assignment M. Janssen Mobile Open Infrastructure Network Protocol 3. September /16