Influenza virus infectivity, pathogenicity, and transmissibility in humans
|
|
|
- Clifton Lyons
- 9 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Influenza virus infectivity, pathogenicity, and transmissibility in humans Ron A.M. Fouchier, Ph.D. Department of Virology & National Influenza Centre FAO-OIE-WHO Scientific consultation on avian influenza at the human animal interface Verona, October 7-9, 2008 Avian influenza A virus - Adaptation to humans - Known mutations affecting infectivity and pathogenicity in humans Effects of these mutations on infectivity, pathogenicity and transmissibility Interplay between mutations Antiviral resistance mutations What are the effects of molecular/antigenic structure, strain, HP/LPAI status, virus dose, and other properties on infectivity, pathogenicity, transmission Contrast H5N1 and H7N7 1
2 Avian influenza A virus - Adaptation - E. De Wit & R.A.M. Fouchier, J Clin Virol (2008) E. De Wit, Y. Kawaoka, M.D. De Jong & R.A.M. Fouchier, Vaccine (2008) HA NS1 PB1, PB2, PA, NP NA Avian influenza A H5N1 virus - HA: Receptor specificity - Shinya et al., Nature 440, 2006 Van Riel et al., Science 312, 2006 Van Riel et al., Am J Pathol 171,
3 Influenza A virus - Host differences in sialic acid receptors - Simplification: - Variation hosts Neu5Ac-α2,3-Gal - Variation tissues - Variation in sialic acids - Not absolute Neu5Ac-α2,6-Gal Avian influenza A H5N1 virus - HA: Receptor specificity - 3
4 Avian HPAI H7N7 virus (NL) - Polymerase activity in human cells - PA PB2 PB2 33 C 37 C 41 C PB2 E627K increased expression, independent of temperature. PA has an additive effect. Avian HPAI H5N1 virus - Polymerase activity - 627K 627E A/Vietnam/1204/2004 Hatta et al., PLoS Pathogens
5 Influenza A virus - Replication temperature & host cell factors; RNPs - Intestinal tract 41 C Upper respiratory tract 33 C % activity Avian flu Polymerase 41 C 33 C Human flu Polymerase Naffakh et al., J Gen Virol 81: (2000) De Wit, Munster et al., In preparation Avian influenza A virus - Modulation of host (innate) immune responses - NS1: determinant of pathogenicity in mice, ferrets, chicken, human? (e.g. Dybing 2000, Cheung 2002, Lipatov 2005, Chan 2005, De Jong 2006, Twu 2007) Glu-92: resistance to TNF, IFNs (pigs) (Seo et al., 2002, 2004) Ser-42: IFN antagonism (mice) (Jiao et al., 2008) Ala-149: IFN antagonism (chicken) (Li et al., 2006) Phe-103 & Met-106: mrna processing (Twu et al., 2007) C-term PDZ: pathogenicity, not IFN (mice) (Jackson et al., 2008) PB1-F2: determinant of pathogenicity in mice? Ser-66: replication, pathogenicity, cytokine secretion (Conenello et al., 2007) 5
6 Avian HPAI H5N1 virus - NA; stalk deletion - Influenza A H7N7 virus - Determinants of infectivity in human cells - Virus # amino acid substitutions in Gene Segment A/Netherlands/219/03 (FC) Phenotype 1 (PB2) 5 (S79I,V297I,R355K,Q563R,E627K) Replication 2 (PB1) 0 3 (PA) 1(F666L) Replication 4 (HA) 3(I13S,A143T,K416R) Receptor binding 5 (NP) 0 6 (NA) 4(N308S, A346V, T442A, P458S) Particle release 7 (MA) 0 8 (NS) 1(V137I) Sequence as compared to A/Chicken/Netherlands/1/03 6
7 Influenza A H5N1 virus - Cynomolgus macaques - #2 Lung, HE #2 Lung, αnp #2 Bronchus, HE #2 Bronchus, αnp #4 Lung, HE #4 Lung, HE 4 dpi, 7 dpi Kuiken et al., Vet. Pathol. 40: (2003). Influenza A H5N1 virus - Pathogenesis in Cynomolgus macaques - Severe necrotizing broncho-interstitial pneumonia Necrotic lesions in kidney, liver, spleen and lymph nodes High virus titers in respiratory tract No evidence for virus replication in heart, brain, spleen (virus titration, immunohistochemistry) ARDS & MODS may be caused by severe lesions and virus replication in lungs alone Rimmelzwaan et al., J Virol 75: (2001). Kuiken et al., Vet. Pathol. 40: (2003). 7
8 Avian influenza A (H5N1) in felids - Experimental infection of domestic cats - Kuiken et al., Am J Pathol. 168: (2006) Avian influenza A (H5N1) virus - Extra-respiratory spread in man? - Cats Ganglioneuritis in intestines Encephalitis, virus in brains Hepatitis in cats Humans Diarrhea, virus in feces Encephalitis, virus in CSF High liver enzymes 8
9 H7N7 in The Netherlands - Pathogenesis in mice; fatal case vs. conjunctivitis - Bodyweight (%) Days after infection Conjunctivis virus 3 x 10 3 EID 50 Fatal case virus 3 x 10 3 EID 50 Munster, de Wit, et al.j. Inf. Dis. (2007) Human influenza A H7N7 virus pathogenicity - Pathogenesis in mice; PB2 E627K - Fatal case vs. conjunctivitis case Reassortants; CC virus + PB2 of FC virus Point mutations; CC virus + PB2 E627K Munster, de Wit, et al.j. Inf. Dis. (2007) 9
10 Human influenza A H7N7 virus pathogenicity - Systemic replication in mice: PB2 and HA - Black: wildtype viruses A: Conjunctivitis case (CC) B: Fatal case (FC) Gray: reassortants C: CC+PB2 of FC D: CC+PA of FC E: CC+HA of FC F: CC+NA of FC G: CC+NS of FC White; point mutants H: CC + PB2 E627K I: FC + PB2 K627E Munster, de Wit, et al.j. Inf. Dis. (2007) Human influenza A H7N7 virus pathogenicity - Pathology in mice - H&E IHC H&E IHC Munster, de Wit, et al.j. Inf. Dis. (2007) 10
11 Human influenza A H5N1 virus pathogenicity - virulence in mice - Source: Molecular Basis for High Virulence of Hong Kong H5N1 Influenza A Viruses. M.Hatta, P.Gao, P. Halfmann and Y. Kawaoka. Science 293: , Avian influenza A virus - Transmission models - Kilbourne Monto Katz Palese 11
12 Avian influenza A virus - Transmission models - A million ways to destroy a car Only one way to build one, properly Avian influenza A H5N1 virus - Neuraminidase inhibitor resistance - 12
13 Influenza A H1N1 virus - Neuraminidase inhibitor resistance - Lackenby et al., Euro Surveill Rameix-Welti et al., PLoS Pathogens 2008 Avian influenza A H5N1 virus - Neuraminidase inhibitor resistance - VN1203 (sensitive) H274Y (oseltamivir resistant) N294S (zanamivir resistant) Yen et al., J. Virol
14 A/H5N1 virus - Genetic variation - Source: Avian influenza - Transmissibility of H7N7 versus H5N1? - De Wit et al., Vaccine (2008) Olofsson et al., Lancet Inf Dis (2005) 14
15 Avian influenza virus adaptation - interplay between genes and gene products - Avian influenza A virus -Infectivity, pathogenicity, transmissibility in humans - -Determinants of infectivity & pathogenicity of avian influenza viruses - HA/NA; host cell receptors - Polymerase genes; body temp & cellular factors - NS; innate immunity -Multiple mutations, in several genes, some may act in concert -Pathogenicity often linked to efficient replication, sometimes other factors -Pathogenicity may vary in different models (humans?) -Basic cleavage site is a determinant of infectivity/pathogenicity in mammals -No good clues to determinants of transmission; -Animal models available -Multiple gene products in right conformation needed -Strain & dose-dependent differences in infectivity, pathogenicity, transmission? -Mutations affecting neuraminidase inhibitor resistance may occur without loss of infectivity or pathogenicity in animal models 15
16 Avian influenza A virus -Infectivity, pathogenicity, transmissibility in humans - Future work: -Receptor studies HA and NA, with focus on natural receptors -Glycan arrays; integrate with biology -Other determinants of infectivity, pathogenicity (consider H5N1 lineages) -Pathogenesis in humans -Pathogenesis in mammalian models (multiple) -Host-specific factors affecting replication (e.g. polymerase complex) -Transmission studies (ferrets and guinea pigs) -Alternatives for antivirals in outbreak management
The public health risk of influenza in pigs recent insights, key knowledge gaps
The public health risk of influenza in pigs recent insights, key knowledge gaps Prof. Kristien Van Reeth Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Belgium H1N1, H3N2 and
WHO Regional Office for Europe update on avian influenza A (H7N9) virus
WHO Regional Office for Europe update on avian influenza A (H7N9) virus Situation update 2: 30 April 2013 Address requests about publications of the WHO Regional Office for Europe to: Publications WHO
Swine Influenza Special Edition Newsletter
Swine Influenza Newsletter surrounding swine flu, so that you ll have the right facts to make smart decisions for yourself and your family. While the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for
Development of an Influenza Risk Assessment Tool
Development of an Influenza Risk Assessment Tool Susan C. Trock 1, Stephen A. Burke 2 & Nancy J. Cox 1 1 Influenza Division, NCIRD, CDC 2 Battelle Atlanta Analytical Services, Atlanta, GA Foreign & Emerging
AVIAN INFLUENZA. The pandemic influenza clock is ticking. We just don t know what time it is. Laurene Mascola, MD, MPH, FAAP
AVIAN INFLUENZA The pandemic influenza clock is ticking. We just don t know what time it is. Laurene Mascola, MD, MPH, FAAP D12:\Avian Flu.ppt No. 1 OUTLINE Background on Influenza A Impact of influenza
Viral dominance of reassortants between canine influenza H3N2 and pandemic (2009) H1N1 viruses from a naturally co-infected dog
Na et al. Virology Journal (2015) 12:134 DOI 10.1186/s12985-015-0343-z SHORT REPORT Viral dominance of reassortants between canine influenza H3N2 and pandemic (2009) H1N1 viruses from a naturally co-infected
The role of IBV proteins in protection: cellular immune responses. COST meeting WG2 + WG3 Budapest, Hungary, 2015
The role of IBV proteins in protection: cellular immune responses COST meeting WG2 + WG3 Budapest, Hungary, 2015 1 Presentation include: Laboratory results Literature summary Role of T cells in response
Viruses. Viral components: Capsid. Chapter 10: Viruses. Viral components: Nucleic Acid. Viral components: Envelope
Viruses Chapter 10: Viruses Lecture Exam #3 Wednesday, November 22 nd (This lecture WILL be on Exam #3) Dr. Amy Rogers Office Hours: MW 9-10 AM Too small to see with a light microscope Visible with electron
Influenza Risk Assessment Tool. Jacqueline M. Katz, PhD Deputy Director (acting), Influenza Division Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Influenza Risk Assessment Tool Jacqueline M. Katz, PhD Deputy Director (acting), Influenza Division Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Influenza Risk Assessment Tool (IRAT) A global public health
2) Macrophages function to engulf and present antigen to other immune cells.
Immunology The immune system has specificity and memory. It specifically recognizes different antigens and has memory for these same antigens the next time they are encountered. The Cellular Components
Pandemic Influenza Vaccines: Lessons Learned from the H1N1 Influenza Pandemic
Pandemic Influenza Vaccines: Lessons Learned from the H1N1 Influenza Pandemic Nancy J. Cox, Ph.D. Director, Influenza Division Director WHO Collaborating Center for Influenza NCIRD, Centers for Disease
Viral Replication. Viral Replication: Basic Concepts
Viral Replication Scott M. Hammer, M.D. Viral Replication: Basic Concepts Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites Viruses carry their genome (RNA or DNA) and sometimes functional proteins required
HPAI H5N8 outbreak in layers in the Netherlands. 20 November 2014, Ruth Bouwstra
HPAI H5N8 outbreak in layers in the Netherlands 20 November 2014, Ruth Bouwstra Avian Influenza Surveillance in the Netherlands Passive surveillance (notification of suspect situation) Acute infections
H1N1 SWINE FLU PANDEMIC
H1N1 SWINE FLU PANDEMIC 2 PANDEMIC H1N1 SWINE FLU Pandemic H1N1 Swine flu A novel influenza A H1N1 virus emerged from Mexico in April 2009 and spread so rapidly that the World Health Organisation declared
Natalia Taborda Vanegas. Doc. Sci. Student Immunovirology Group Universidad de Antioquia
Pathogenesis of Dengue Natalia Taborda Vanegas Doc. Sci. Student Immunovirology Group Universidad de Antioquia Infection process Epidermis keratinocytes Dermis Archives of Medical Research 36 (2005) 425
TOWARDS AN HIV VACCINE
why is it so hard to make an HIV vaccine and where are we now? Neal Nathanson, MD Emeritus Professor Department of Microbiology University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine 1 Estimated number of persons
General presentation
Cantacuzino National Institute of Research-Development for Microbiology and Immunology General presentation Cantacuzino National Institute of Research-Development for Microbiology and Immunology (NIRDMIC)
The Case of Baby Joe by Kristen L.W. Walton Page 1
The Case of Baby Joe: Chronic Infections in an Infant by Kristen L.W. Walton SPIRE Postdoctoral Fellowship Program University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Part I Background At birth, Baby Joe appeared
http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/phase/en 4 http://new.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1283&itemid=569
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations International Food Safety Authorities Network (INFOSAN) (Update) 30 April 2009 INFOSAN Information Note No. 2/2009 Human-animal interface aspects
WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT?
CHAPTER 8 EMERGING AND RE-EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES National Museum of Health and Medicine, Washington, D.C., United States WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT? The world is facing challenges from both new diseases
Connie Austin June 2012
Rabies Exposures: When is Prophylaxis Recommended and Update on Communicable Disease Rule Changes Connie Austin June 2012 Rabies Transmission Bite from infected mammal (not birds, amphibians, reptiles)
Pandemic Risk Assessment
Research Note Pandemic Risk Assessment By: Katherine Hagan Copyright 2013, ASA Institute for Risk & Innovation Keywords: pandemic, Influenza A, novel virus, emergency response, monitoring, risk mitigation
Influenza and Pandemic Flu Guidelines
Influenza and Pandemic Flu Guidelines Introduction Pandemic flu is a form of influenza that spreads rapidly to affect most countries and regions around the world. Unlike the 'ordinary' flu that occurs
Facts you should know about pandemic flu. Pandemic Flu
Facts you should know about pandemic flu Pandemic Flu What s this brochure all about? This brochure provides information about pandemic flu. It gives the answers to 10 important questions concerning an
A Human Designer cell Line Providing a Pandemic Proof Platform for the Manufacturing of Safe Influenza Vaccines
PER.C6 A Human Designer cell Line Providing a Pandemic Proof Platform for the Manufacturing of Safe Influenza Vaccines Fons March 26, 1918-1919 Flu Pandemic ~30 MillionDeaths The Devil in Enveloped virions
FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
Doctor of Philosophy Program in Microbiology FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCE Naresuan University 171 Doctor of Philosophy Program in Microbiology The time is critical now for graduate education and research
Why Was the 1918 Influenza So Deadly? An Intimate Debate Case
Why Was the 1918 Influenza So Deadly? An Intimate Debate Case by Annie Prud homme-généreux and Carmen Petrick Life Sciences Quest University Canada Part I The 1918 Influenza Pandemic On September 29, 1918,
20.3 Diseases Caused by Bacteria and Viruses
20.3 Diseases Caused by Bacteria and Viruses Lesson Objectives Explain how bacteria cause disease. Explain how viruses cause disease. Define emerging disease and explain why emerging diseases are a threat
GUIDELINES FOR THE REGISTRATION OF BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL AGENTS FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS
GUIDELINES FOR THE REGISTRATION OF BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL AGENTS FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS -ii- GUIDELINES ON THE REGISTRATION OF BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL AGENTS FOOD AND
2.1.2 Characterization of antiviral effect of cytokine expression on HBV replication in transduced mouse hepatocytes line
i 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Human Hepatitis B virus (HBV) 1 1.1.1 Pathogenesis of Hepatitis B 1 1.1.2 Genome organization of HBV 3 1.1.3 Structure of HBV virion 5 1.1.4 HBV life cycle 5 1.1.5 Experimental models
Figure 14.2 Overview of Innate and Adaptive Immunity
I M M U N I T Y Innate (inborn) Immunity does not distinguish one pathogen from another Figure 14.2 Overview of Innate and Adaptive Immunity Our first line of defense includes physical and chemical barriers
Course Descriptions. I. Professional Courses: MSEG 7216: Introduction to Infectious Diseases (Medical Students)
Course Descriptions I. Professional Courses: MSEG 7216: Introduction to Infectious Diseases (Medical Students) This course is offered during the first semester of the second year of the MD Program. It
Lessons Learned from the 2009 H1N1 Influenza Pandemic
Lessons Learned from the 2009 H1N1 Influenza Pandemic Ruben Donis Influenza Division, CDC, DHHS FAO/OIE/WHO Joint Scientific Consultation On Influenza And Other Emerging Infectious Diseases At The Human-animal
Human Infl uenza Pandemic. What your organisation needs to do
Human Infl uenza Pandemic What your organisation needs to do 21 Human Influenza Pandemic: What your organisation needs to do It s time to get ready In 2007 the Victorian Government released the Victorian
Genetics Lecture Notes 7.03 2005. Lectures 1 2
Genetics Lecture Notes 7.03 2005 Lectures 1 2 Lecture 1 We will begin this course with the question: What is a gene? This question will take us four lectures to answer because there are actually several
Chapter 18: Applications of Immunology
Chapter 18: Applications of Immunology 1. Vaccinations 2. Monoclonal vs Polyclonal Ab 3. Diagnostic Immunology 1. Vaccinations What is Vaccination? A method of inducing artificial immunity by exposing
GlaxoSmithKline Pandemic Influenza Portfolio
GlaxoSmithKline Pandemic Influenza Portfolio Schladminger Gesundheitsgespräche 06. June 2009 Responding to the Pandemic Influenza Threat - WHO Recommended Strategic Actions Non-pharmacological measures
WHO Guidelines for Pharmacological Management of Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) 2009 and other Influenza Viruses Revised February 2010
WHO Guidelines for Pharmacological Management of Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) 2009 and other Influenza Viruses Revised February 2010 Part I Recommendations Contents CONTENTS... 2 SUMMARY... 3 1. INTRODUCTION...
The Polio Virus. Getting to Know Your Old Enemy. Marcia Falconer, Ph.D.
The Polio Virus Getting to Know Your Old Enemy Marcia Falconer, Ph.D. The Polio Virus Virus is smallest living thing that can reproduce itself Outer shell (capsid) Inner genetic material (RNA) and one
Name Class Date. Figure 13 1. 2. Which nucleotide in Figure 13 1 indicates the nucleic acid above is RNA? a. uracil c. cytosine b. guanine d.
13 Multiple Choice RNA and Protein Synthesis Chapter Test A Write the letter that best answers the question or completes the statement on the line provided. 1. Which of the following are found in both
SAFETY BULLETIN 02/09
SAFETY BULLETIN 02/09 INFLUENZA PANDEMIC ASIA INDUSTRIAL GASES ASSOCIATION 3 HarbourFront Place, #09-04 HarbourFront Tower 2, Singapore 099254 www.asiaiga.org Revision of SB 02/06 Avian Flu INFLUENZA PANDEMIC
Swine Flu and Common Infections to Prepare For. Rochester Recreation Club for the Deaf October 15, 2009
Swine Flu and Common Infections to Prepare For Rochester Recreation Club for the Deaf October 15, 2009 Supporters Deaf Health Community Committee Members Julia Aggas Cathie Armstrong Michael McKee Mistie
10. T and B cells are types of a. endocrine cells. c. lymphocytes. b. platelets. d. complement cells.
Virus and Immune System Review Directions: Write your answers on a separate piece of paper. 1. Why does a cut in the skin threaten the body s nonspecific defenses against disease? a. If a cut bleeds, disease-fighting
1) Aug 2005 In Vitro Chromosomal Aberration Study Cytotoxicity (File: TS39) Conclusion No cytotoxicity can be detected at concentrations up to 100%.
Endotoxicity and Cytotoxicity Studies 1) Aug 2005 In Vitro Chromosomal Aberration Study Cytotoxicity (File: TS39) Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells were grown in monolayer with and without metabolic activation.
Adapted from a presentation by Sharon Canclini, R.N., MS, FCN Harris College of Nursing and Health Sciences Texas Christian University
Adapted from a presentation by Sharon Canclini, R.N., MS, FCN Harris College of Nursing and Health Sciences Texas Christian University What is a Pandemic? A pandemic is basically a global epidemic an epidemic
ELISA BIO 110 Lab 1. Immunity and Disease
ELISA BIO 110 Lab 1 Immunity and Disease Introduction The principal role of the mammalian immune response is to contain infectious disease agents. This response is mediated by several cellular and molecular
Influenza (Flu) Influenza is a viral infection that may affect both the upper and lower respiratory tracts. There are three types of flu virus:
Respiratory Disorders Bio 375 Pathophysiology General Manifestations of Respiratory Disease Sneezing is a reflex response to irritation in the upper respiratory tract and is associated with inflammation
Pandemic. PlanningandPreparednesPacket
Pandemic PlanningandPreparednesPacket I m p o r t a n t I n f o r m a t i o n F r o m N e w Yo r k S t a t e s H e a l t h C o m m i s s i o n e r February 15, 2006 Dear New York State Employer: As you
LYMPHOMA IN DOGS. Diagnosis/Initial evaluation. Treatment and Prognosis
LYMPHOMA IN DOGS Lymphoma is a relatively common cancer in dogs. It is a cancer of lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) and lymphoid tissues. Lymphoid tissue is normally present in many places in the
Structure and Function of DNA
Structure and Function of DNA DNA and RNA Structure DNA and RNA are nucleic acids. They consist of chemical units called nucleotides. The nucleotides are joined by a sugar-phosphate backbone. The four
Recommendations for the Prevention and Control of Influenza in Nursing Homes Virginia Department of Health
Recommendations for the Prevention and Control of Influenza in Nursing Homes Virginia Department of Health Settings such as nursing homes that house persons at high risk for influenza-related complications
Planning for Pandemic Flu. pandemic flu table-top exercise
Planning for Pandemic Flu Lawrence Dickson - University of Edinburgh Background Previous phase of health and safety management audit programme raised topic of Business Continuity Management Limited ability
RFAIPA: PA10-070 PCC: M32A. Total Cost 1
SUMMARY STATEMENT PROGRAM CONTACT: ( Privileged Communication ) Release Date: 11/04/2010 Cristina Cassetti Principal Investigator EOFFREY H PHO Applicant Organization: COLGATE UNIVERSITY Review Group:
Key Facts about Influenza (Flu) & Flu Vaccine
Key Facts about Influenza (Flu) & Flu Vaccine mouths or noses of people who are nearby. Less often, a person might also get flu by touching a surface or object that has flu virus on it and then touching
Chapter 43: The Immune System
Name Period Our students consider this chapter to be a particularly challenging and important one. Expect to work your way slowly through the first three concepts. Take particular care with Concepts 43.2
SWINE FLU: FROM CONTAINMENT TO TREATMENT
SWINE FLU: FROM CONTAINMENT TO TREATMENT SWINE FLU: FROM CONTAINMENT TO TREATMENT INTRODUCTION As Swine Flu spreads and more people start to catch it, it makes sense to move from intensive efforts to contain
*6816* 6816 CONSENT FOR DECEASED KIDNEY DONOR ORGAN OPTIONS
The shortage of kidney donors and the ever-increasing waiting list has prompted the transplant community to look at different types of organ donors to meet the needs of our patients on the waiting list.
Immunology Ambassador Guide (updated 2014)
Immunology Ambassador Guide (updated 2014) Immunity and Disease We will talk today about the immune system and how it protects us from disease. Also, we ll learn some unique ways that our immune system
I thank them for their openness, transparency, and willingness to work with WHO to address this newly emerging infection.
I N F L U E N Z A - L I K E I L L N E S S O U T B R E A K I N T H E U S A N D M E X I C O T r a n s c r i p t o f G L O B AL T E L E P H O N E N E W S C O N F E R E N C E w i t h D r M a r g a r e t C
Why use passive immunity?
Vaccines Active vs Passive Immunization Active is longer acting and makes memory and effector cells Passive is shorter acting, no memory and no effector cells Both can be obtained through natural processes:
JIANGSU CARTMAY INDUSTRIAL CO.,LTD www.labfurniture.asia mail: [email protected]
The basic layout, the main functions and instrumentation concept of micro Inspection Division laboratory, 1, Virology Laboratory 1. Functions: for the city to monitor the prevalence of HIV disease, dealing
The Body s Defenses CHAPTER 24
CHAPTER 24 The Body s Defenses PowerPoint Lectures for Essential Biology, Third Edition Neil Campbell, Jane Reece, and Eric Simon Essential Biology with Physiology, Second Edition Neil Campbell, Jane Reece,
Influenza Facts and the Healthcare Worker
Influenza Facts and the Healthcare Worker Wilhemina Leeuw, MS, CDA Continuing Education Units: 1 hour Online Course: www.dentalcare.com/en-us/dental-education/continuing-education/ce446/ce446.aspx Disclaimer:
AP BIOLOGY 2010 SCORING GUIDELINES (Form B)
AP BIOLOGY 2010 SCORING GUIDELINES (Form B) Question 2 Certain human genetic conditions, such as sickle cell anemia, result from single base-pair mutations in DNA. (a) Explain how a single base-pair mutation
Live Attenuated Vaccines: Influenza, Rotavirus and Varicella Zoster Virus
Live Attenuated Vaccines: Influenza, Rotavirus and Varicella Zoster Virus Harry B. Greenberg and Ann M. Arvin Abstract Since vaccinia virus was first used to protect against smallpox in the eighteenth
TRAINING MANUAL FOR JOINT RAPID RESPONSE TEAMS: INVESTIGATIONS AND CONTAINMENT OF AVIAN AND PANADEMIC INFLUENZA
AFRICAN UNION INTERAFRICAN BUREAU FOR ANIMAL RESOURCES TRAINING MANUAL FOR JOINT RAPID RESPONSE TEAMS: INVESTIGATIONS AND CONTAINMENT OF AVIAN AND PANADEMIC INFLUENZA November 2009 Training Manual for
Healthcare Executives Role in Preparing for the Pandemic Influenza Gap : A New Paradigm for Disaster Planning?
P E R S P E C T I V E Healthcare Executives Role in Preparing for the Pandemic Influenza Gap : A New Paradigm for Disaster Planning? Nancy A. Thompson, Ph.D., FACHE, president, HealthCare Insights, LLC,
Overview of the Cattle Immune System 1
Oregon State University BEEF043 Beef Cattle Library Beef Cattle Sciences Overview of the Cattle Immune System 1 Reinaldo F. Cooke 2 Introduction On average, the U.S. cattle industry loses more than $1
If you have a cold or the flu, you can spread the sickness to someone else. How does the sickness spread? Write your ideas on the lines below.
The Immune System Textbook pages 100 109 Before You Read Section 3.1 Summary If you have a cold or the flu, you can spread the sickness to someone else. How does the sickness spread? Write your ideas on
PREVENTING THE SPREAD OF CONTAGIOUS ILLNESS
PREVENTING THE SPREAD OF CONTAGIOUS ILLNESS This easy-to-use Leader s Guide is provided to assist in conducting a successful presentation. Featured are: INTRODUCTION: A brief description of the program
WHO Guidelines for Pharmacological Management of Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Influenza and other Influenza Viruses
WHO Guidelines for Pharmacological Management of Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Influenza and other Influenza Viruses 20 August 2009 Table of contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... i Other recommendations...iii 1. INTRODUCTION...
plaque reduction assay, modified dye uptake assay including formazan test, dye uptake assay
Sauerbrei A, Bohn-Wippert K, Kaspar M, Krumbholz A, Karrasch M, Zell R. 2015. Database on natural polymorphisms and resistance-related non-synonymous mutations in thymidine kinase and DNA polymerase genes
Guidance for Industry Influenza: Developing Drugs for Treatment and/or Prophylaxis
Guidance for Industry Influenza: Developing Drugs for Treatment and/or Prophylaxis U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER)
Course Outline and Syllabus for Students
Course Outline and Syllabus for Students Name: Ian Crandall Course Number: PHM242H1 Course Title: Microbiology of Infectious Diseases Course Description: The course provides a brief introduction to the
The Immune System: A Tutorial
The Immune System: A Tutorial Modeling and Simulation of Biological Systems 21-366B Shlomo Ta asan Images taken from http://rex.nci.nih.gov/behindthenews/uis/uisframe.htm http://copewithcytokines.de/ The
Name (print) Name (signature) Period. (Total 30 points)
AP Biology Worksheet Chapter 43 The Immune System Lambdin April 4, 2011 Due Date: Thurs. April 7, 2011 You may use the following: Text Notes Power point Internet One other person in class "On my honor,
Bacteria vs. Virus: What s the Difference? Grade 11-12
Bacteria vs. Virus: What s the Difference? Grade 11-12 Subject: Biology Topic: Bacteria, viruses, and the differences between them. The role that water plays in spreading bacteria and viruses, and the
Course Curriculum for Master Degree in Medical Laboratory Sciences/Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Serology
Course Curriculum for Master Degree in Medical Laboratory Sciences/Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Serology The Master Degree in Medical Laboratory Sciences / Clinical Microbiology, Immunology or
DNA Vaccine for Chronic Hepatitis C
Novel Vaccine Development (3:00PM~3:30PM) DNA Vaccine for Chronic Hepatitis C : Preclinical Evaluation of Immunogenicity and Safety of VGX-6150 Moonsup JEONG, Ph.D. Director of Pharma R&D Division GeneOne
Avian Influenza in Avians (Poultry & Wild Birds)
Avian Influenza in Avians (Poultry & Wild Birds) Current Situation, Surveillance & Response Dr. Julie Helm Clemson University Livestock Poultry Health Division Columbia, SC [email protected] www.clemson.edu/lph/ahp/npip/
Nieuws? 24 people who had been in close contact with infected family members but had never become ill. In 11 people, the researchers found antibodies to the Ebola virus, indicating they had been infected.
Chapter 5. INFECTION CONTROL IN THE HEALTHCARE SETTING
Chapter 5. INFECTION CONTROL IN THE HEALTHCARE SETTING INTRODUCTION This chapter addresses infection control measures and practices in the healthcare setting and provides guidance to healthcare facilities
Influenza Surveillance in Thailand 2012
Influenza Surveillance in Thailand 2012 Thitipong Yingyong Bureau of Epidemiology, Thai-DDC 6 th NIC&Flu Surveillance Meeting, Vietnam May 29 th,2012 Influenza surveillance system R506 > Influenza, Pneumonia
Focus on Preventing Disease. keeping an eye on a healthy bottom line. Cattle Industry
Focus on Preventing Disease keeping an eye on a healthy bottom line Cattle Industry Multimin + VACCINES : University OF FLORIDA study data Study 1 Effect of injectable trace minerals on the humoral immune
AVIAN INFLUENZA IN VIETNAM: SITUATION AND LESSONS LEARNED
NIHE AVIAN INFLUENZA IN VIETNAM: SITUATION AND LESSONS LEARNED Assoc. Prof. Nguyen Tran Hien, MD, MPH, PhD. Director, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology (NIHE) Hanoi, Vietnam OVERVIEW OF AVIAN
Diagnostic Testing and Strategies for BVDV
Diagnostic Testing and Strategies for BVDV Dan Grooms Dept. of Large Animal Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Introduction Clinical diseases in cattle resulting from infection with bovine