INSTALL EN Conveyance Tube: Building & Mechanical Services

Transcription

1 INSTALL EN Conveyance Tube: Building & Mechanical Services

2 INSTALL EN 10255: Conveyance Tube Contents 03 Introduction 04 INSTALL the customer's choice 06 Manufacturing 08 Technical data 10 Generic data 12 Coatings 14 Mechanical suitability 16 Pressure ratings 18 Life expectancy 20 Sustainability 22 Technical support 23 References 02

3 INSTALL Our INSTALL EN tube has been specifically developed for use by industry leaders, and is suitable for widespread conveyance uses including building and mechanical services, and industrial pressure applications. Our INSTALL products are produced in the UK from our tube manufacturing facilities located in Corby, Northamptonshire Our hot mills use a proven stretch reduction process to produce tube that can be bent, grooved or threaded Controlled, high frequency induction welding process Rigorous process control ensures uniform and exacting tolerances Through-product tracking provides complete traceability INSTALL tube for building and mechanical services Manufactured and tested to EN Readily available in a range of sizes Rigid, robust and structurally sound Reliable and well proven in use over many years Sustainable and fully recyclable Supported by a team of designated NL & UK account managers and technical staff Our INSTALL tube is manufactured from high quality hot rolled coil produced from fully-killed steel manufactured in the UK by our supply chain partner in Port Talbot, South Wales Fully deoxidised and treated with nitrogen-binding elements Produced to a composition designed to eliminate any tendency for strain age embrittlement in service Fine grain practice for enhanced ductility A low silicon composition to ensure suitability for galvanising 03

4 INSTALL EN 10255: Conveyance Tube INSTALL THE CUSTOMER S CHOICE We aim to provide customer service that matches the reliability and quality of our products. Technical support and well-managed product availability are important parts of our day-to-day operations. Our commitment to excellence At Tata Steel we are committed to providing our customers with proven, world class products backed up with first class service and support. We are keen to share our knowledge and expertise with customers. In addition to our own metallurgists, we have access to engineers and scientists specialising in steel within the Tata Steel Research, Development and Technology division. Our designated account managers and technical engineers are NL & UK-based and are always available to customers to discuss their requirements and provide product support. We offer technical advice on many aspects of our conveyance products and their application including advice on pressure ratings, product life cycle, suitability for bending and sustainability etc. We work closely with established and reputable stockholders to ensure that our products are widely and readily available. For large, bulk orders, we are happy to consider direct delivery to end-users. 04

5 INSTALL tube offers many advantages: Made using specifically selected hot rolled coil from a single source UK supplier Available in standard (-0/+50mm) and exact (-0/+4mm) length tolerances Tightly controlled chemical composition and mechanical properties Our flexible process provides a choice of end and surface finishes Controlled, high frequency induction welding process Choice of plain, screwed & socketed (S&S) or grooved ends Undergoes a proven stretch reduction process ensuring all hot products experience a full and controlled normalising cycle Hot products are processed at specifically selected furnace temperatures for consistency Manufactured to exacting dimensional tolerances Available in self colour or with painted, polymer or galvanised coatings Robust and reliable Thermal stability during typical operating conditions High definition tube marking CE marked to Category 3 & 4 in accordance with EN and the Construction Products Directive (CPD) KIWA GASTEC approved All products undergo Destructive and Non-destructive Testing (NDT) to ensure weld integrity Choice of sizes from 17.2mm to 165.1mm (3/₈" to 6") Available in light (L & L2), medium and heavy weights Class A1 fire rating suitable for sprinkler and fire defence systems Proven in service over many decades Dedicated NL and UK account managers Technical experts to advise end users on application suitability Widely and readily available from established and reputable stockholders For large bulk orders we are happy to consider direct delivery to end-users Standard delivery options Surface Finish Self colour Painted Galvanised PE & PP End Finish Plain Exact cut Grooved Threaded INSTALL offering Thread Size R (inch) Specified Outside Diameter D (mm) NB Thickness (mm) / Medium Heavy 1/ L2 L Medium Heavy 3/ L&L2 Medium Heavy L2 L Medium Heavy 11/ L2 L Medium Heavy 11/ L&L2 Medium Heavy L2 L Medium Heavy 21/ L&L2 Medium Heavy L&L2 Medium Heavy L&L2 Medium Heavy Medium Heavy Medium Heavy Light Medium Heavy 05

6 INSTALL EN 10255: Conveyance Tube MANUFACTURING Our INSTALL tube range is produced to European standards using a rigorous, well-proven process. From start to finish, our focus is on consistency, quality, performance and customer satisfaction. Tata Steel benefits from being a fully integrated steelmaker. We manufacture our own steel coil and convert it into tube via a number of tube-forming and finishing processes. The process of producing INSTALL tube begins well before we create the tube. A robust and reliable product demands top quality raw material. We use feedstock from a world-class supplier. For added assurance, we analyse the steel s chemical composition before we set to work on tube production. Throughout manufacture, our skilled people undertake mechanical testing and size checks to ensure our products satisfy exact specifications. Weld integrity is proven through destructive (flattening, expansion, tensile tests etc) and non-destructive (Eddy Current) testing. Customers have the added confidence of knowing that every product in the range is traceable. Our manufacturing systems and products are KIWA approved. 06

7 Uncoiler Coil welder Coil accumulator Forming mill Squeeze rolls High frequency induction welder Weld trim Rotary cut off machine Non-destructive testing Furnace Stretch reduction Packing & Dispatch Coating and added value Primary and secondary finishing Shot blasting Painting Galvanising Polymer coating Straightening Cutting and frazing Threading Grooving Additional NDT 07

8 INSTALL EN 10255: Conveyance Tube TECHNICAL DATA INSTALL EN chemical composition (cast analysis) and mechanical properties Steel Grade Chemical Composition % Mechanical Properties Steel Steel C Mn P S Upper Yield Strength Tensile Strength Elongation Name Number max max max max R eh min (MPa) R m (MPa) A min % S195T ,20 1,40 0,035 0, to INSTALL EN dimensional data Heavy Weight Medium Weight Thread Size R Specified Outside Diameter D Nominal Bore NB Outside Diameter OD Wall Thickness T Weight per metre # Plain end/ grooved tube Screwed & socketed Wall Thickness T Weight per metre # Plain end/ grooved tube Screwed & socketed (inch) (mm) (mm) Max (mm) Min (mm) (mm) (kg/m) (kg/m) (mm) (kg/m) (kg/m) 3/ / / / / / Light Weight (L) Light Weight (L2) Thread Size R Specified Outside Diameter D Nominal Bore NB max Outside Diameter min Wall Thickness T Weight per metre # Plain end Screwed & socketed* max Outside Diameter min Wall Thickness T Weight per metre # Plain end Screwed & socketed* (inch) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (kg/m) (kg/m) (mm) (mm) (mm) (kg/m) (kg/m) 3/ / / / / / *For reference only. # Self colour. 08

9 Our INSTALL pre-grooved carbon steel tube offers a robust and cost-effective jointing method. Pre-grooved tube is becoming more popular due to the time and cost savings that can be afforded during installation. Using state of the art rolled grooving machines, we are able to manufacture to the exacting tolerances required by all leading coupling suppliers. E B A B T Features and benefits Quicker to install than a welded, flanged or threaded system Joints can be dismantled and reassembled to facilitate modifications to piping systems, maintenance of pumps etc. Minimal equipment investment only a spanner or socket required for assembly Service down time minimised No hot work permits required No X-Ray/Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) required Grooved end pipework is significantly lighter than flanged pipework The use of grooved products provides a cleaner system compared to a welded or threaded system Dimensions Groove diameter (C) should be measured using a Diameter Tape (available from coupling manufacturers) The groove diameter (C) must be within the max and min tolerance shown in the table below, measured at the weld area and at 90 degrees to the weld INSTALL tube data Thread Size R Specified Outside Diameter OD Outside Diameter OD OD Basic Dimensions (mm) Gasket Seat A Groove Width B Groove Diameter C Groove Depth D C D Groove Corner E Flare Diameter (inch) (mm) (max) (min) (+/- 0.76) (+/- 0.76) (max) (min) (ref) (max) (max) / /

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11 GENERIC DATA Customers can rely on the integrity of our INSTALL products. General INSTALL tube is manufactured in accordance with EN and can be supplied in either hot finished or cold formed conditions. INSTALL tube has the internal weld bead removed, although this is not an actual requirement of the EN standard. EN has been prepared in accordance with the Construction Products Directive (CPD) (89/106/EEC) and Mandate M/131. INSTALL tube is not recommended for applications applicable to the European Directive 97/23/ EC (the Pressure Equipment Directive, or PED) unless Sound Engineering Practices (SEP) are applicable. End Finish INSTALL is available in plain ends, screwed & socketed (S&S) or rolled pre-grooved. are unlikely to be available on site, for gauging purposes we recommend using the fitting that the tube will be mated to. Length tolerances INSTALL tube can be supplied in standard (-0/+50mm) or exact cut length (-0/+4mm) tolerances. Please consult our account managers for additional information. Leak tightness INSTALL tube is Eddy Current (EC) tested, in accordance with EN or EN ISO Fire rating In accordance with section 8.7 of EN INSTALL tube is class A1 and therefore does not need to be tested for reaction to fire. CE marking INSTALL products are CE marked to both CPD CAT 3 and 4 for tubes for use in installations for the transport/distribution/storage of gas/fuel intended for the supply of building heating/cooling systems, from the external storage reservoir or the last pressure reduction unit of the boiler/heater/cooler system(s) of the building(s) (CPD cat 3), and of water not intended for human consumption (CPD cat 4). INSTALL products are also suitable for use in fire defence and sprinkler applications and in installations for the transport, disposal and storage of water not intended for human consumption. Tube manufactured from the 1st January 2011 shall be CE marked. For INSTALL tube supplied with Screwed & Socketed (S&S) ends (screwed both ends, with one socket fitted), the screwed ends are taper threads conforming to EN and the sockets are heavy type parallel threaded steel sockets conforming to EN Heavy and medium weight INSTALL tube is also suitable for site threading. To ensure trouble free threading, the threading machine must be maintained in good condition and an appropriate thread cutting lubricant employed. Care must also be taken to produce a thread of the correct size. Whilst specialist thread gauges Test certification We operate a Quality Assurance system conforming to EN ISO INSTALL tube is subjected to non-specific inspection and testing in accordance with EN and can be supplied with a 2.2 Test Report in accordance with EN A Tata Steel 2.2 Test Report can be supplied if requested at the time of order showing the chemical composition (ladle analysis) together with a mechanical test result (yield strength, tensile strength and elongation) representative of the product. 11

12 INSTALL EN 10255: Conveyance Tube COATINGS INSTALL tube can be supplied in a variety of surface finishes, including self-colour, painted, polymer-coated or galvanised. 1 2 INSTALL paint options* 1. Shotblasted and painted red 2. Shotblasted and painted grey 3. Shotblasted and painted black 4. Shotblasted and painted green 5. Shotblasted and painted blue 6. Shotblasted and painted fire brigade red (RAL 3000) 7. Shotblasted and painted red-brown (RAL 8012) INSTALL polymer coating options* Low density polyethylene (LDPE) black 2. Low density polyethylene (LDPE) yellow 3. Low density polyethylene (LDPE) red 4. High density polyethylene (HDPE) yellow 5. Polyester green 6. Epoxy fire red 7. Epoxy yellow * Some coating restrictions may apply. Please contact our account managers for further information. 12

13 Self-colour material Supplied in the as manufactured condition. Note: product is provided without any rust protection. Galvanised coatings Our INSTALL tube is hot dip galvanised in accordance with EN 10240/EN ISO 1461, and where applicable available in quality A2, and A1 Quality A2 can be supplied KIWA approved Quality A1 can be supplied DVGW approved The composition of zinc shall not contain impurities (other than iron and tin) exceeding 1.5% For A2 the minimum coating thickness is 55 microns with a typical coating thickness of normally microns For A1 the minimum internal coating shall have a zinc content of 400 g/m 2 Where A1 quality is specified the chemical composition of the galvanised coating shall not exceed: lead 0.8% max, antimony 0.01% max, arsenic 0.02% max, bismuth 0.01% and cadmium 0.01% max In the case of DVGW, max lead content for quality A1 is 0.25% INSTALL galvanised tube is NOT passivated after the galvanising process Under damp storage conditions, prior to or post delivery, white discolouration can form on galvanised coatings. The formation of this, although unsightly, has no significant effect on the service life of the product Painted material As per EN 10255, paint coatings are intended as a primer/temporary/ transit protection and should not be assumed to offer any degree of long-term protection. Our paint coatings are water-based and full technical data and safety sheets are available upon request. Please contact our sales account managers to discuss other paint colour options. Extruded polymer coatings Three layer polymer coatings are also available. The standard coating is Polyethylene (PE), but Polypropylene (PP) may be supplied upon request. Examples of colour options are shown. Various free end conditions are also available with our polymer coatings. Please refer to our Polymer Coating Information Sheet, available from our website or contact one of our sales account managers for full details of coating availability. 13

14 INSTALL EN 10255: Conveyance Tube MECHANICAL SUITABILITY Our stretch reduced product undergoes a normalising process resulting in a tube that can be cold worked with added confidence. Suitability for threading INSTALL can be supplied pre-threaded, if on-site threading is required care must be taken to ensure that cutting and threading equipment is properly maintained. Cutting speeds should be adjusted to reflect the thread size being produced. Cutting fluids to lubricate the cutting process should be employed. After threading, any exposed material should be protected to avoid corrosion or service life issues. Suitability for bending INSTALL tube is particularly suitable for hot and cold bending, although for successful bending the equipment used needs to be correctly set-up. Any damage to surface coatings during bending should be repaired. The following centre line bend radii should not be less than: For hot bending 3D For cold bending 5D (where D = outside tube diameter) Bending of galvanised tube Galvanised tube cannot be hot bent without damaging the coating. For cold bending of galvanised tube, we recommend that the bend radius should not be less than 8D. It should be noted that there is a risk of disbondment of the zinc coating during bending. To ensure that service life is not compromised, any such disbondment should be repaired by the application of a zinc rich paint (per EN ISO 1461). Suitability for welding Self colour INSTALL tube is suitable for all types of metal arc and gas welding without any special precautions. Care should be exercised to ensure that fittings being welded to tubes are also of weldable quality. Steel sockets supplied by us with our INSTALL tube are weldable in sizes 3/8" (17.2mm) to 4" (114.3mm). For welding of red-painted INSTALL tube, specific health and safety precautions may be required. We recommend that surfaces are taken back to bare steel and adequately prepared prior to welding. Additional care and attention is required if welding galvanised tube. Note: this is not recommended as welding can damage the zinc coating and post welded surface repair may not be possible. Suitable health and safety precautions should be taken. 14

15 Suitability for roll grooving INSTALL is available pre-grooved. If site grooving, ensure that the site equipment is correctly set-up and maintained, and that tube ends sealing surfaces are free from projections and other indentations. Care must be taken to ensure the tube is correctly supported during site grooving. It should be noted that there is a risk of disbondment of the zinc coating during roll grooving of galvanised tube. To ensure that service life is not compromised, any such disbondment should be repaired by the application of a zinc rich paint (per EN ISO 1461). 15

16 INSTALL EN 10255: Conveyance Tube PRESSURE RATINGS Customers can rely on the integrity of our INSTALL products. INSTALL tubes with suitable joints can be used up to the maximum operating pressures as shown. Pressure ratings are, however, a function of the size and type of joint used, its integrity, and the effectiveness of the jointing technique, local service conditions, support conditions and maintenance practices etc. As a result, it is therefore not considered practical to lay down precise limits for working pressures, so the information provided is for guidance only, and industrial best-practices need to be followed. Screwed and Socketed (S&S) joint The standard joint specified in EN is the taper threaded tube and parallel threaded sockets (taper/parallel) Screwed and Socketed (S&S) joint. This is the standard jointing system that is widely used for low or moderate pressures. For suggested maximum operating pressures please refer to the table shown. However, for applications involving threaded joints in exposed pipework in sizes above 50 NB, the use of steel taper/parallel joints is not recommended. For these applications, we recommend the use of: taper threaded tube and taper threaded steel sockets (taper/taper); malleable iron fittings (parallel or taper threads); steel flanges or alternative effective jointing technologies such as grooving or flanging etc. For taper/taper joints refer to the relevant table for suggested maximum operating pressures. We also strongly recommend that all exposed steel in tubes and fittings are protected during installation to prevent subsequent corrosion. An example would be wrapping of an exposed bare metal as a result of threading of the tube. Varying limitations on working pressures may exist as a result of regulatory requirements or codes of practice. Please consult with the relevant bodies for confirmation of actual requirements. Higher pressure ratings may be possible when using appropriate threading compounds. Pressure tests conducted in our R&D laboratories show that significantly higher pressures are achievable with the use of such compounds. 16

17 Welded joints This is the most effective type of joint with respect to pressure integrity. Working pressures that are permissible for tubes utilising welded joints are shown. Flanged joints INSTALL tube is suitable for use with matching flanged joints. For INSTALL tube being used with welded on flanged joints, the permissible tube operating pressures shown are valid. The type of flange joint used and its installation may determine the maximum operating pressure and temperature. Please consult the relevant manufacturer for full details. Grooved joints INSTALL tube is now available with pregrooved ends. For INSTALL tube being used with grooved couplings, the permissible tube working pressures shown in are valid. The type of grooved coupling used and its installation may determine the maximum operating pressure and temperature, please consult the relevant manufacturer for full details. Compression fittings INSTALL tube with plain ends can be used with compression fittings. The type of compression fitting, and its installation may determine the maximum operating pressure and temperature. Please consult the relevant manufacturer for full details. IMPORTANT Natural Gas services INSTALL medium and heavy tube is suitable for gas service, but pressures are restricted to 1 Bar maximum for threaded tube. Higher pressure ratings It may be possible to demonstrate higher tube test and working pressures through calculation. In such cases, a better understanding of the tube application, service condition etc will be required. Please contact our technical engineers for additional guidance. Suggested maximum operating pressures (bar) Tube size Suggested maximum operating pressure (bar) for screwed and socketed joints Correctly made-up using suitable and appropriate jointing compounds Suggested maximum operating pressure (bar) for tube, or full penetration butt-welded joints Butt-welded joints prepared in accordance with current best practice (Tube calculations based on S195T grade) Steam to Water -7 to 60 C Compressed Air -7 to 60 C 100 C max 175 C max 260 C max 260 C max Tube Weight (M = Medium, H = Heavy) Tube Weight (M = Medium, H = Heavy) Inch nb OD M H M H M H M H M H M H M H 1/ / / / / * 30* 20* 25* 5.5* 7* * 25* 15* 20* 4* 5.5* *Guidance only, we do not supply 5 and 6 screwed and socketed products 17

18 INSTALL EN 10255: Conveyance Tube LIFE EXPECTANCY Our INSTALL product is used by industry-leaders for a wide variety of applications and service conditions. Service life Our INSTALL products have been used in installations over many years throughout the world and have consistently given long service life*. The lifespan of any carbon steel tube is dependant on: The specific service conditions A satisfactory installation practice A proper maintenance procedure The use of appropriate corrosion protection, inhibitors or other suitable system additives In situations of poor installation practices, premature failure may occur, due to adverse conditions. Normally, properly installed and protected carbon steel tube would be expected to have a service life in excess of 20 years.* This view assumes that: The tube is properly installed in accordance with best practices and with any standards or regulatory requirements No aggressively corrosive fluids are introduced into the system Levels of corrosion inhibitor and additives are adequately maintained The service conditions are maintained throughout this period Any protective coatings are applied in accordance with coating manufacturers instructions Any breach of such coatings is made good before any corrosion can take place * IMPORTANT: The working life of any system depends upon its inherent durability and the prevailing environmental conditions. A clear distinction should be made between the (declared) working life for a product, based on the assessment of durability in technical specifications, and the actual working life of a product. The latter depends on many factors beyond the control of the tube manufacturer, such as installation design, environmental location, handling, use and maintenance etc. Corrosion prevention The combined presence of oxygen and moisture is normally necessary for corrosion of carbon steel to occur. Several environmental factors will have an effect on the rate of corrosion, such as the fluid involved, it s flow rate, temperature, ph, dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide content, whether the system is closed or open etc. For water conveyance, soft or hard water content, the presence of bacteria and use of corrosion inhibitors etc are also relevant. The interaction between these various factors is complex. Longevity may be improved for particular applications by using red-painted or galvanised tube. Galvanised tube provides improved corrosion resistance as the protective coating is applied to both external and internal surfaces. Note that EN gives guidance on the likelihood of corrosion of galvanised products in water distribution and storage systems. Galvanising protects steel sacrificially; in contact with a conducting aqueous solution, zinc behaves as a cathode whereas steel acts as an anode. In this way, even bare carbon steel areas are protected. However, at temperatures around 60 C, a polarity reversal occurs such that any exposed carbon steel corrodes preferentially to zinc. For this reason, galvanised tubes are not recommended for hot water systems, especially in soft water areas. The presence of certain types of bacteria can also result in the rapid corrosion of galvanised tube in cold-water conditions. Generally soft water conditions are more corrosive than hard water conditions. Galvanised tubes should not be used in contact with copper based alloy tubing, fittings or washers, due to possible galvanic corrosion reaction. Corrosion inhibitors The use of corrosion inhibitors can ensure optimised life expectancy. Please consult the relevant manufacturers technical data. 18

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20 INSTALL EN 10255: Conveyance Tube SUSTAINABILITY The essential properties of steel make it a sustainable choice for a wide range of applications. Steel is strong, durable, versatile, reusable and most importantly it is 100% recyclable. Sustainability not only delivers environmental benefits, but also enhances social and economic factors. Steel is an important part of modern life, providing materials for use in varied applications, such as construction, transport, domestic goods and packaging sectors amongst others. There is hardly any object in common use that does not contain steel, or that has not been produced by equipment containing steel. In the conveyance industry, modern steel designs can employ fixing techniques that lend themselves to be easily dismantled. With such flexible design, entire conveyance systems can be taken down for recycling or re-assembly elsewhere. All Tata steel sites are approved to EN IS (Environmental Management Systems). 20

21 Benefits of using steel The steel industry provides a stable working environment for many workers compared to other employment sectors. Steel has economic value at the end of a product s life, allowing it to be re-used or recycled. Tata Steel recycles more than three million tonnes of steel scrap each year in the UK, saving CO 2 emissions equivalent to those produced by almost a million households. 100% Steel recycling is a closed loop process, allowing steel to be recycled over and over again. All new steel products contain some recycled steel which, in itself, may have been recycled or re-used many times (multi-recyclable). The re-use of steel products offers an even greater environmental advantage than recycling. Steel has a high strength-to-weight ratio, which allows for resource efficient design. Over 80% of all steel scrap is recaptured and recycled. 100% Steel is one hundred percent recyclable 21

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23 TECHNICAL SUPPORT Innovation, product and process development are key. We are committed to further developing our products and improving the way we manufacture them. We have experts looking at aspects of material refinement, manufacturing excellence, improved pressure integrity, improved coatings and application suitability. As well as our in-house R&D experts, we support various INSTALL projects within Universities. Technical data obtained from such research can be used to support our customers, providing increased confidence in the INSTALL product range. For more details, please contact our INSTALL technical experts. References EN ISO 1461: 2009 Hot dip galvanised coatings on fabricated iron and steel articles. Specifications and methods EN ISO 9001: 2008 Quality managent systems requirements EN 10021: 2006 General technical delivery requirements for steel products EN 10204: 2004 Metallic materials. Types of inspection documents EN : 2004 Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are made on the threads. Part 1: Taper external threads and parallel internal threads dimensions, tolerances and designation EN 10240: 1998 Internal and/or external protective coatings for steel tubes. Specifications for hot dip galvanised coatings applied in automatic plants EN 10241: 2000 Steel threaded pipe fittings EN : 1996 Non-destructive testing of steel tubes. Part 1: Automatic electromagnetic testing of seamless and welded (except submerged are welded) ferromagnetic steel tubes for verification of hydraulic leak-tightness EN ISO : 2002 Protection of metallic materials against corrosion. Part 3: Guidance on the assessment of corrosion likelihood in water distribution and storage systems. Influencing factors for hot dip galvanised ferrous materials EN ISO 10255: 2004-A1: 2007 non alloy steel tubes suitable for welding and threading. Technical delivery conditions European Directive 89/106/EEC relating to construction products Mandate M/131 to CEN and CEN/ELEC for standardisation work on harmonised standards European Directive 97/23/EC concerning pressure equipment EN 14001: 2004 Environmental Management Systems requirement with guidance for use. 23

24 While care has been taken to ensure that the information contained in this brochure is accurate, neither Tata Steel Europe Limited, nor its subsidiaries, accept responsibility or liability for errors or for information which is found to be misleading. Copyright 2011 Tata Steel Europe Limited Tata Steel Nederland Tubes BV Souvereinstraat RH Oosterhout Netherlands T: +31 (0) F: +31 (0) English Language TST18:1000:UK:10/2011