Profile of Graduate Management Admission Test Candidates. Executive Summary

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1 Profile of Graduate Management Admission Test Candidates Executive Summary

2 The Profile of Graduate Management Admission Test Candidates The Profile is a rich source of significant demographic data about GMAT examinees over the past five years. It is ideal for gauging the size and characteristics of the potential applicant pool for graduate business programs. Use this executive summary to find out about volume and mean GMAT Total scores by: gender citizenship world region Copyright 2013 Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, distributed, or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of GMAC. For permission, please contact the GMAC legal department at legal@gmac.com. The GMAC and GMAT logos, GMAC, GMASS, GMAT, Graduate Management Admission Council, Graduate Management Admission Search Service, and Graduate Management Admission Test are registered trademarks of the Graduate Management Admission Council in the United States of America and other countries. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems, Inc.

3 Contents Introduction... 2 Inside the Profile Executive Summary... 2 Notes About the GMAT Exam... 3 Notes About the Data... 3 Graduate Management Admission Council... 4 GMAT volume and Total Score Means by Gender and Testing Year... 5 Table 1. GMAT Total Score Means by Gender and Testing Year... 5 Figure 1. GMAT Testing: Five Years in Focus... 5 GMAT volume and Total Score Means by Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year... 6 Table 2. GMAT Total Score Means by Region of Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year... 6 Table 3. GMAT Total Score Means by Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year... 7 Related publications recruiting resources Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved. Profile of GMAT Candidates, to (Executive Summary) 1

4 Executive Summary of The Profile of Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT ) Candidates to Testing year held a number of significant milestones for the Graduate Management Admission Test exam. A total of 238,356 GMAT exams were administered, with 675,733 score reports sent to nearly 5,600 graduate-level management programs around the world. As expected, testing year data show a decline in testing volume compared with the surge noted the previous year. This trend reflects increased interest in the exam brought on by the addition of the Integrated Reasoning section on June 5, 2012, which pulled testing figures toward record highs. Historically, test volume rises just before changes are made to a standardized exam as test takers opt for a familiar format at transition time. The Graduate Management Admission Council s annual Profile of GMAT Candidates captures key data about GMAT volume and the candidates who take the exam. The Profile presents data about tests taken based on examinee gender, age, citizenship, residency, and world region. Additional analyses examine undergraduate major and intended degree. Inside the Profile Executive Summary This edition of the Profile summarizes GMAT data by gender over 10 testing years, as well as by citizenship and world region over five testing years, from through Testing years run from July 1 to June 30, mirroring many academic calendars. More detailed data on student mobility are available in the Geographic Trend Reports, which provide a closer look at GMAT score-sending trends over the past five years. Current titles include: Asian Geographic Trend Report for GMAT Examinees European Geographic Trend Report for GMAT Examinees North American Geographic Trend Report for GMAT Examinees World Geographic Trend Report for GMAT Examinees For details, visit gmac.com/research. 2 Profile of GMAT Candidates, to (Executive Summary) 2013 Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved.

5 Notes About the GMat exam The GMAT exam is an important part of the admissions process for more than 2,100 schools worldwide. The GMAT exam consists of four sections: Verbal, Quantitative, Analytical Writing, and Integrated Reasoning. GMAT Total scores, which are reported in the Profile, are calculated based on performance on the Verbal and Quantitative sections of the exam. Total scores are reported in increments of 10, on a scale ranging from 200 to 800. Notes About the Data Unique Examinees: Data in this report reflect the total number of GMAT exams that generated valid, reportable scores during a given testing year. Examinees who took the exam more than once during the year are included in the aggregate data each time they generated a valid score. For example, if an individual took the GMAT exam twice during the testing year, he or she would represent a total of two exams taken during that year. Since , the annual percentage of individuals taking the GMAT exam has ranged from 80 to 84 percent of total GMAT exams taken globally. In the most recent testing year, 190,658 unique test takers submitted valid scores, which translates to 80 percent of the 238,356 GMAT exams reported for the year. Although the overall rate has remained relatively constant over the five-year period analyzed for this report, there is often significant variation across global regions. US citizens, for example, had a unique examinee rate of 87 percent in , compared with just 67 percent for citizens of East and Southeast Asian countries. The percentage of tests taken by non-us citizens has gone from 51 percent in to 62 percent in Biographical information: During the test session, GMAT examinees are asked to provide the biographical and demographic information that is used in this Profile and for the Graduate Management Admission Search Service (GMASS ) database. 1 Examinees are not required to provide this information, and some choose not to do so. 1 The Graduate Management Admission Search Service (GMASS ) database is an annual, subscription-based service with a pool of names of potential applicants who have chosen to make their contact and other information available to schools. The database pool frequently renews as individuals move through the decision-making process. For more information, visit gmac.com/gmass Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved. Profile of GMAT Candidates, to (Executive Summary) 3

6 No response data: No response data included in Table 1 of the Profile refer to a small number of examinees who did not respond to the question about gender. No response data are not specified in the other tables. Consequently, for tables other than Table 1, grand sums will not necessarily equal the total in Table 1. Note, however, that all test takers responded to the questions about gender and citizenship for testing years through Standard deviations: The only statistics reported in this summary are group sizes and mean Total scores. Another statistic commonly reported for data of this kind is the standard deviation, a measure of the spread of score distribution. For the data reported in the Profile, nearly all of the standard deviations for GMAT Total scores are in the 90 to 110 range. Because these standard deviations are redundant across subgroups tabulated in this summary and across the Profile s testing years, they are not reported here. Dashes in tables: Dashes that appear in tables throughout this report are used to indicate not applicable, such as when there are no examinees in a given subgroup and, thus, no scores exist. For examinee privacy, dashes are also used in place of mean Total scores when there are fewer than five examinees from a given subgroup or country. Graduate Management Admission Council The Profile of Graduate Management Admission Test Candidates Executive Summary is a product of the Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC), owner of the Graduate Management Admission Test exam. Based in Reston, Virginia, GMAC is a nonprofit education organization of leading graduate business schools worldwide, dedicated to creating access to and disseminating information about graduate management education. More information is available at gmac.com. 4 Profile of GMAT Candidates, to (Executive Summary) 2013 Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved.

7 GMAT Volume and Total Score Means by Gender and Testing Year What s in the Table: Table 1 presents the number of and mean GMAT Total scores for all examinees by gender and testing year. The Total: Number value reported in each column represents the total number of tests taken recorded in the Graduate Management Admission Council database and serves as a reference for subsequent tables in this report that exclude test takers who did not submit valid demographic information for the characteristics reported. Table 1. GMAT Total Score Means by Gender and Testing Year Gender Men: Number 124, , , , , , , , , ,020 Mean Total Score % of Year 60.2% 59.9% 60.5% 60.6% 60.5% 60.5% 59.9% 58.6% 57.1% 57.5% Women: Number 78,679 76,980 79,661 86,412 97, , , , , ,336 Mean Total Score % of Year 38.0% 38.4% 39.0% 39.4% 39.5% 39.5% 40.1% 41.4% 42.9% 42.5% No Response: Number 3,671 3,338 1, Mean Total Score % of Year 1.8% 1.7% 0.5% Total: Number 206, , , , , , , , , ,356 Mean Total Score *Note: Testing figures for testing year partially reflect increased interest in the exam brought on by the addition of the Integrated Reasoning section on June 5, Historically, test volume rises just before changes are made to a standardized exam as test takers opt for a familiar format prior to the transition. A closer look at testing volumes for the last five years shows that the surge in testing year followed by the dip in average out to about the same number of tests taken in each of the three years prior (Figure 1). Figure 1. GMAT Testing: Five Years in Focus 286, , , , , , TY 2012/TY 2013 Average 2013 Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved. Profile of GMAT Candidates, to (Executive Summary) 5

8 GMAT Volume and Total Score Means by Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year What s in the Table: Table 2 presents the number of and mean GMAT Total scores for men and women by testing year and world region of citizenship at the time of registration for the GMAT exam. Table 2. GMAT Total Score Means by World Region of Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year Region of Africa Men: Number 4,170 4,213 3,857 3,819 3,402 Mean Total Score Women: Number 2,392 2,375 2,288 2,339 2,088 Mean Total Score Total: Number 6,562 6,588 6,145 6,158 5,490 Mean Total Score % of Year 2.5% 2.5% 2.4% 2.2% 2.3% Australia and Pacific Islands Men: Number Mean Total Score Women: Number Mean Total Score Total: Number 1,097 1,063 1,016 1, Mean Total Score % of Year 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% Canada Men: Number 4,787 4,818 4,460 4,758 4,038 Mean Total Score Women: Number 2,834 2,919 2,863 3,062 2,462 Mean Total Score Total: Number 7,621 7,737 7,323 7,820 6,500 Mean Total Score % of Year 2.9% 2.9% 2.8% 2.7% 2.7% Central and South Asia Men: Number 25,110 22,141 20,825 24,228 20,117 Mean Total Score Women: Number 8,212 7,429 7,077 8,714 7,359 Mean Total Score Total: Number 33,322 29,570 27,902 32,942 27,476 Mean Total Score % of Year 12.6% 11.2% 10.8% 11.5% 11.5% East and Southeast Asia Men: Number 21,618 22,736 24,507 31,521 28,781 Mean Total Score Women: Number 24,156 27,320 33,142 46,274 40,541 Mean Total Score Total: Number 45,774 50,056 57,649 77,795 69,322 Mean Total Score % of Year 17.2% 19.0% 22.3% 27.2% 29.1% Eastern Europe Men: Number 2,489 2,655 2,635 2,838 2,442 Mean Total Score Women: Number 3,179 3,110 2,965 3,141 2,512 Mean Total Score Total: Number 5,668 5,765 5,600 5,979 4,954 Mean Total Score % of Year 2.1% 2.2% 2.2% 2.1% 2.1% Mexico, Caribbean, and Men: Number 5,489 5,095 5,065 5,348 4,446 Latin America (LATAM) Mean Total Score Women: Number 2,845 2,738 2,668 2,808 2,298 Mean Total Score Total: Number 8,334 7,833 7,733 8,156 6,744 Mean Total Score % of Year 3.1% 3.0% 3.0% 2.9% 2.8% Middle East Men: Number 5,852 6,219 6,199 6,455 5,594 Mean Total Score Women: Number 3,319 3,528 3,381 3,742 3,053 Mean Total Score Total: Number 9,171 9,747 9,580 10,197 8,647 Mean Total Score % of Year 3.5% 3.7% 3.7% 3.6% 3.6% 6 Profile of GMAT Candidates, to (Executive Summary) 2013 Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved.

9 Table 2. GMAT Total Score Means by World Region of Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year Region of United States Men: Number 78,456 77,008 70,811 71,344 55,735 Mean Total Score Women: Number 52,052 50,053 45,735 46,167 34,806 Mean Total Score Total: Number 130, , , ,511 90,541 Mean Total Score % of Year 49.1% 48.1% 45.1% 41.0% 38.0% Western Europe Men: Number 11,977 12,468 12,338 12,587 11,808 Mean Total Score Women: Number 5,579 6,091 6,360 6,281 5,909 Mean Total Score Total: Number 17,556 18,559 18,698 18,868 17,717 Mean Total Score % of Year 6.6% 7.0% 7.2% 6.6% 7.4% What s in the Table: Table 3 presents the number of and mean GMAT Total scores for men and women by testing year and citizenship. Mean score data are not reported for entries marked with fewer than five exams. *Testing year was the first time in which no examinees were classified as citizens of the combined Serbia and Montenegro country category. As a results, data for testing year are provided separately for Serbia and Montenegro while data for previous years remains combined. Table 3. GMAT Total Score Means by Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year Afghanistan Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Albania Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Algeria Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Andorra Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Angola Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Antigua/ Men: Number Barbuda Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Argentina Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Armenia Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Australia Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Austria Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Azerbaijan Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Bahamas Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Bahrain Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Bangladesh Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved. Profile of GMAT Candidates, to (Executive Summary) 7

10 Table 3. GMAT Total Score Means by Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year Barbados Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Belarus Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Belgium Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Belize Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Benin Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Bermuda Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Bhutan Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Bolivia Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Bosnia/ Men: Number Herzegovina Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Botswana Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Brazil Men: Number 1,206 1,096 1,157 1,254 1,112 Women: Number Total: Number 1,710 1,628 1,697 1,797 1,613 Mean Total Score Brunei Men: Number Darussalam Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Bulgaria Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Burkina Faso Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Burundi Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Cambodia Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Cameroon Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Canada Men: Number 4,787 4,818 4,460 4,758 4,038 Women: Number 2,834 2,919 2,863 3,062 2,462 Total: Number 7,621 7,737 7,323 7,820 6,500 Mean Total Score Cape Verde Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Central Men: Number African Women: Number Republic Total: Number Chad Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score 372 Chile Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score China Men: Number 8,891 11,231 14,398 20,486 19,323 Women: Number 14,659 19,033 25,671 37,710 33,682 Total: Number 23,550 30,264 40,069 58,196 53,005 Mean Total Score Colombia Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Comoros Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score 580 Congo Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Costa Rica Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Croatia Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Cuba Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Cyprus Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Czech Men: Number Republic Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Denmark Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Profile of GMAT Candidates, to (Executive Summary) 2013 Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved.

11 Table 3. GMAT Total Score Means by Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year Djibouti Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Dominica Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Dominican Men: Number Republic Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score East Timor Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Ecuador Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Egypt Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number 797 1, Mean Total Score El Salvador Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Equatorial Men: Number Guinea Women: Number Total: Number Eritrea Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Estonia Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Ethiopia Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Fiji Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Finland Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score France Men: Number 1,974 2,201 2,558 2,322 2,236 Women: Number 1,093 1,162 1,680 1,446 1,367 Total: Number 3,067 3,363 4,238 3,768 3,603 Mean Total Score Gabon Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Gambia Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Georgia Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Germany Men: Number 2,369 2,609 2,542 2,675 2,579 Women: Number 1,084 1,370 1,333 1,488 1,439 Total: Number 3,453 3,979 3,875 4,163 4,018 Mean Total Score Ghana Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Greece Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number 1,673 1,627 1,632 1,328 1,096 Mean Total Score Grenada Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Guatemala Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Guinea Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Guinea- Men: Number Bissau Women: Number Total: Number Guyana Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Haiti Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Honduras Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Hungary Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Iceland Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score India Men: Number 23,263 20,358 19,137 22,401 18,618 Women: Number 7,370 6,579 6,257 7,812 6,650 Total: Number 30,633 26,937 25,394 30,213 25,268 Mean Total Score Indonesia Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number , Mean Total Score Iran Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved. Profile of GMAT Candidates, to (Executive Summary) 9

12 Table 3. GMAT Total Score Means by Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year Iraq Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Ireland Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Israel Men: Number 1,823 1,755 1,569 1,530 1,172 Women: Number 1,101 1, Total: Number 2,924 2,766 2,485 2,447 1,840 Mean Total Score Italy Men: Number 1,387 1,365 1,333 1,376 1,349 Women: Number Total: Number 1,829 1,909 1,836 2,030 1,919 Mean Total Score Ivory Coast Men: Number (Cote Women: Number d'ivoire) Total: Number Mean Total Score Jamaica Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Japan Men: Number 2,135 1,994 1,873 2,103 2,126 Women: Number Total: Number 2,938 2,680 2,518 2,835 2,710 Mean Total Score Jordan Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Kazakhstan Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Kenya Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Kiribati Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Korea, Men: Number North Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score 502 Korea, Men: Number 4,964 4,476 3,713 3,756 3,197 South Women: Number 2,081 1,908 1,540 1,519 1,330 Total: Number 7,045 6,384 5,253 5,275 4,527 Mean Total Score Kuwait Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Kyrgyzstan Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Lao People's Men: Number Democratic Women: Number Republic Total: Number Mean Total Score Latvia Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Lebanon Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number 1,171 1,553 1,290 1,367 1,111 Mean Total Score Lesotho Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Liberia Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Libyan Men: Number Arab Women: Number Jamahiriya Total: Number Mean Total Score Liechtenstein Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Lithuania Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Luxembourg Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Macedonia Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Madagascar Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Malawi Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Malaysia Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Maldives Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Mali Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Malta Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Marshall Men: Number Islands Women: Number Total: Number Profile of GMAT Candidates, to (Executive Summary) 2013 Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved.

13 Table 3. GMAT Total Score Means by Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year Mauritania Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Mauritius Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Mexico Men: Number 1,495 1,295 1,334 1, Women: Number Total: Number 2,099 1,834 1,891 2,017 1,493 Mean Total Score Micronesia Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Moldova Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Monaco Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Mongolia Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Montenegro* Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score 477 Morocco Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Mozambique Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Myanmar Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Namibia Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Nauru Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Nepal Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Netherlands Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score New Zealand Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Nicaragua Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Niger Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Nigeria Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number 1,500 1,494 1,415 1,413 1,351 Mean Total Score Norway Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Oman Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Pakistan Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number 1,173 1,154 1,021 1, Mean Total Score Palau Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Palestinian Men: Number Territory Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Panama Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Papua Men: Number New Guinea Women: Number Total: Number Paraguay Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Peru Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Philippines Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Poland Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Portugal Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Qatar Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved. Profile of GMAT Candidates, to (Executive Summary) 11

14 Table 3. GMAT Total Score Means by Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year Republic of Men: Number Congo Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Romania Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Russian Men: Number , Federation Women: Number 1,092 1,143 1,123 1,298 1,102 Total: Number 1,914 2,019 1,980 2,353 2,038 Mean Total Score Rwanda Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Samoa Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number San Marino Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Sao Tome/ Men: Number Principe Women: Number Total: Number Saudi Arabia Men: Number 975 1,201 1,541 1,910 1,745 Women: Number Total: Number 1,199 1,524 2,018 2,663 2,375 Mean Total Score Senegal Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Serbia* Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score 551 Serbia & Men: Number Montenegro* Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Seychelles Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Sierra Leone Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Singapore Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number 1,454 1,314 1,251 1, Mean Total Score Slovakia Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Slovenia Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Somalia Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score South Africa Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score South Sudan Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Spain Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number 1,147 1,264 1,100 1,201 1,021 Mean Total Score Sri Lanka Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score St. Kitts/ Men: Number Nevis Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score St. Lucia Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score St. Vincent/ Men: Number Grenadines Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Sudan Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Suriname Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Swaziland Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Sweden Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Switzerland Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Syrian Arab Men: Number Republic Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Taiwan Men: Number 2,152 1,684 1,467 1,687 1,343 Women: Number 3,020 2,267 1,982 2,545 1,820 Total: Number 5,172 3,951 3,449 4,232 3,163 Mean Total Score Tajikistan Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Profile of GMAT Candidates, to (Executive Summary) 2013 Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved.

15 Table 3. GMAT Total Score Means by Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year Tanzania Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Thailand Men: Number Women: Number 1,311 1,160 1,079 1,267 1,006 Total: Number 2,280 1,984 1,864 2,207 1,735 Mean Total Score Togo Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Tonga Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score 484 Trinidad/ Men: Number Tobago Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Tunisia Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Turkey Men: Number 1,248 1,161 1, Women: Number Total: Number 2,119 1,978 1,803 1,563 1,340 Mean Total Score Turkmenistan Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Uganda Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Ukraine Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score United Arab Men: Number Emirates Women: Number (U.A.E.) Total: Number Mean Total Score United Men: Number 1,406 1,376 1,175 1,323 1,158 Kingdom Women: Number Total: Number 1,975 1,910 1,623 1,746 1,560 Mean Total Score United Men: Number 78,456 77,008 70,811 71,344 55,735 States Women: Number 52,052 50,053 45,735 46,167 34,806 Total: Number 130, , , ,511 90,541 Mean Total Score Uruguay Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Uzbekistan Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Vatican City Men: Number State Women: Number Total: Number Venezuela Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Viet Nam Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number 982 1,196 1,216 1,360 1,310 Mean Total Score Yemen Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Zambia Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Zimbabwe Men: Number Women: Number Total: Number Mean Total Score Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved. Profile of GMAT Candidates, to (Executive Summary) 13

16 Related Publications The Profile document is our annual compilation of GMAT testing data and serves as a historical record of tests taken around the world. It is a rich resource for school professionals looking to understand the landscape of potential students for graduate management education programs. To assist in evaluating the trends that emerge from this Profile data, GMAC also provides free interactive tools for viewing, sorting, and capturing this data to all schools that use the GMAT exam. To access these free tools, school professionals can log into the gmac.com website at the specific addresses listed. Contact customer service if you have any questions related to the login process or your eligibility to access the tools. GMat trends Tracker 2013: Supplement to the Profile of GMat candidates The GMAT Trends Tracker 2013: Supplement to the Profile of GMAT Candidates is an Adobe Flex tool, which presents nearly all of the data in the Profile document in a dynamic format. The advantages of the GMAT Trends Tracker tool include graphical representation of the data tables to more easily identify trends and changes over time, the ability to select and view just the regions and demographics of interest to you, and the ability to download and save that data to your own computer for additional use in presentations, reports, or supplemental analysis. Save options include screenshots of individual graphs and the ability to save the accompanying data tables in a format compatible for use in an external program, such as Excel. To access the GMAT Trends Tracker 2013: Supplement to the Profile of GMAT Candidates, visit gmac.com/profile. The GMat Interactive Profile The GMAT Interactive Profile lets you mine the GMAT test-taker databases and perform customized searches across multiple variables. With this powerful online tool, you can view summaries of test-taking trends and create your own reports to print or download at your convenience. To access the GMAT Interactive Profile, visit gmac.com/interactiveprofile. 14 Profile of GMAT Candidates, to (Executive Summary) 2013 Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved.

17 Recruiting resources Individuals with accounts on mba.com, the online portal to registration for the GMAT exam, have the free option to be included in the Graduate Management Admission Search Service (GMASS) database. For these individuals, inclusion in the GMASS database opens opportunities for communication with schools looking for candidates like them and potentially increases their exposure and visibility to programs they otherwise might not have considered. For schools, the GMASS database provides direct access to qualified potential candidates who have shown a strong interest in graduate management education. These potential candidates have created an mba.com profile, have specifically chosen to make their contact and other information available to schools, and may have taken the GMAT exam. Participation in this service provides school professionals with information about these potential candidates that is updated daily. A GMASS subscription allows schools to customize candidate searches using criteria that fits their specific recruiting needs. Schools can use the database information to: Target their audience. Connect with current candidates. Find the best candidates anytime, anywhere. Create custom searches. To get more information or enroll in the GMASS program, visit gmac.com/gmass Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved. Profile of GMAT Candidates, to (Executive Summary) 15

18 Get Even More Data to Inform Your Decisions Savvy graduate management education professionals use GMAC research every day to make informed business decisions. Our rich data offer customizable insights into key issues that affect your recruitment success. Detailed research reports track important trends in graduate management admissions. Here are just some of the available resources you will find at gmac.com/research: 1. GMAC Interactive Research Reports, the latest edition to our online research offerings, provide dynamic displays of data segments you select for easy access to the data points most relevant to your needs. Current offerings include detailed presentations of the data displayed in this Profile as well as comprehensive findings from our GMAC Survey Series and other research. 8 GMAC Interactive Research is available for free on our website. For more information go to gmac.com/interactiveresearch. 2. Geographic Trend Reports for GMAT Examinees compare score-sending patterns of examinees along with their geographic and biographical data from the most recent testing year against data from four years earlier. First introduced as part of the Research Report Series, the Geographic Trend Reports were separated into their own series in response to requests for annual updates and specialized reports on individual regions, including Asia, Europe, and North America. 8 Geographic Trend Reports are available to the public for free on our website. For more information go to gmac.com/geographictrends. 3. The GMAC Research Report Series analyzes data and identifies trends and implications gleaned from a variety of sources, including the GMAC Survey Series, the Validity Study Service, and GMAT testing data. Reports are available in these categories: education programs; students, alumni, and prospective students; populations, validity studies, and high-stakes testing. 8 The GMAC Research Report Series is available to the public for free on our website. For more information go to gmac.com/researchreports.

19 Profile of Graduate Management Admission Test Candidates Based on the most recent GMAT examinee data available, the Profile is a vital resource for admissions officers. It allows you to track patterns in the international recruitment pool on the basis of gender, ethnicity, citizenship, age, and major. With the help of this detailed, reliable information gathered in one place, you can prepare more accurate reports and plan more effective recruitment and admission activities for your business school. If you find the Profile Executive Summary helpful, you may also want to explore other resources available from GMAC, a global nonprofit organization of leading graduate business schools and the owner of the Graduate Management Admission Test exam. Go to gmac.com to learn more about: The full Profile of GMAT Candidates, The GMAT Trends Tracker 2013: Supplement to the Profile of GMAT Candidates, and the GMAT Interactive Profile GMAT Validity Studies and the GMAC Validity Study Service The GMAC Survey Series: Application Trends Survey, Alumni Perspectives Survey, mba.com Prospective Students Survey, Global Management Education Graduate Survey, and Corporate Recruiters Survey Additional research tools available only to schools that use the GMAT exam Freedom Drive, Suite 300, Reston, Virginia 20190, USA, gmac.com, mba.com, twitter.com/gmacresearchers