Internet Technologies

Transcription

1 QAFQAZ UNIVERSITY Computer Engineering Department Internet Technologies Introduction Dr. Abzetdin ADAMOV Chair of Computer Engineering Department

2 EVALUATION Midterm 30% Compulsory Project 20% (quiz 70%; attendance 30%) Final 50% Total 100 puan Optional Project 10 puan (max) (Referat in accordance to requirements, min 7 pages, English + software implementation) Note: If you requested Optional Project, it must be completed

3 Internet History In 1957, the Soviet Union launched the first satellite, Sputnik I, triggering US President Dwight Eisenhower to create the ARPA (Advanced Research Project Agency ) agency to regain the technological lead in the arms race. A special computer called an Interface Message Processor was developed to realize the design, and the ARPANET went live in early October, The first networking protocol used on the ARPANET was the Network Control Program. In 1983, it was replaced with the TCP/IP protocol developed by Robert Kahn, Vinton Cerf In 1990, the ARPANET was retired and transferred to the NSFNET (National Science Foundation Network ). The NSFNET was soon connected to the CSNET, which linked Universities around North America, and then to the EUnet, which connected research facilities in Europe. The use of the Internet exploded after 1990, causing the US Government to transfer management to independent organizations starting in 1995.

4 Internet History The conceptual foundation for creation of the Internet was significantly developed by three individuals and a research conference, each of which changed the way we thought about technology by accurately predicting its future: Vannevar Bush wrote the first visionary description of the potential uses for information technology with his description of the "memex" automated library system. Norbert Wiener invented the field of Cybernetics, inspiring future researchers to focus on the use of technology to extend human capabilities. The 1956 Dartmouth Artificial Intelligence conference crystallized the concept that technology was improving at an exponential rate, and provided the first serious consideration of the consequences. Marshall McLuhan made the idea of a global village interconnected by an electronic nervous system part of our popular culture.

5 Internet Today Population Area Internet 2095 Internet China 1339 Russia India 1155 Canada 9.97 USA 311 USA million million square km

6 Internet Today All Economy 65.4% Information Tecnology 34.6%

7 Kullanıcı sayısı (mln.) Internet Today Tarih - Ay / Yıl NOTE: 2009 sonunda etforecasts araştırmalarına göre 1.5 milyara ulaşacak

8 Host Sayısı (mln.) Internet Today янв.91 янв.92 янв.93 янв.94 янв.95 янв.96 янв.97 янв.98 янв.99 янв.00 янв.01 янв.02 янв.03 янв.04 янв.05 янв.06 янв.07 янв.08 янв.09

9 Kullanıcıların nüfus da yüzdesi (%) Foundations of the Web EE LV RU LT BY UA KG AM KZ UZ GE MD AZ TM TJ Ülkenin Internet uzantısı Note: Internet stats for December 2001

10 Kullanıcıların nüfus da yüzdesi (%) Foundations of the Web EE LV RU LT BY UA KG AZ AM KZ UZ GE MD TM TJ Ülkenin Internet uzantısı Note: Internet stats for December 2004

11 Kullanıcıların nüfus da yüzdesi (%) Foundations of the Web ,6 59,4 59,2 29,1 27,1 18,2 16,2 14,7 13,8 12,3 8,8 7,8 6,6 5,8 EE LV LT BY RU AZ MD UA KG KZ UZ GE TJ AM TM Ülkenin Internet uzantısı 1,4 Note: Internet stats for September 2009 Avarage Internet usage in the world 21.9%

12 Kullanıcıların nüfus da yüzdesi (%) Foundations of the Web EE LV LT BY RU AZ MD UA KG KZ UZ GE TJ AM TM Ülkenin Internet uzantısı Note: Internet stats for March 2011 Avarage Internet usage ın the world 30.2%

13 Data (TB/month) Foundations of the Web Years Note: Global Internet traffic

14 Foundations of the Web

15 Foundations of the Web

16 Foundations of the Web

17 Foundations of the Web Note: Protocols that make up Internet traffıc

18 Foundations of the WEB DNS 2 DNS 8 1 SUN SUN 3 DNS 7 DNS Ülkeler, şehirler, kullanıcı grupları

19 Web Programming Technologies 1. Internet History. Internet Architecture. Internet Services 2. Internet Infrastructure. IP Addressing 3. Domain Name System and Domain Name Resolving 4. Internet Protocols and Services: WWW and HTTP Protocol, Electronic Mail and SMTP / POP3 Protocols 5. Introduction to CGI (Common Gateway Interface) and Understanding of Dynamic Content 6. HTML Forms. Understanding and Using of Form Elements 7. Server-side Application Development. Web Application Development Essentials 8. Introduction to PHP. Syntax. Standard Data Types. Flow Control. PHP s Peculiar Properties and Features.

20 Web Programming Technologies 9. Working with Files and Directories 10.Connecting and Managing Databases. Database-oriented Web- Application Development 11.What is Cookie? Cookie Using and Implementation 12.What is Session? Difference between Cookie and Session 13.Network Programming and Using of Internet Services 14.JavaScript. Web 2 Concept and AJAX Technology 15.Pervasive, Ubiquity, Cloud Computing and Services. Wireless and Mobile Application Development

21 Foundations of the Web To build web applications, you first need to understand the foundations of the web: HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) HyperText Markup Language and Forms (HTML) Common Gateway Interface (CGI) Cookies Other Technologies

22 Introduction to HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol: The defined standard of communication between web browsers and web servers. Coverage: How does HTTP work? What s the difference between GET and POST? How does it affect my web applications? How does it affect application development?

23 Web Programming Technologies CGI (Common Gateway Interface) Perl / DBI / MySQL PHP JSP (Java Server Pages)

24 HTML Forms Other Slide