Nevada Association of School Boards Post Office Box Reno, NV Telephone 775/ Fax 775/ Visit our website

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1 Nevada Association of School Boards Post Office Box Reno, NV Telephone 775/ Fax 775/ Visit our website March 2013 Dear Policymaker: NASB envisions success for all students. Our motto: Supporting success for all students through local school board leadership. School board members and other education policymakers are approached frequently with data that are out of context. Our goal in beginning this project was to provide a vehicle for board members to become conversant in basic facts about public education in Nevada and elsewhere as well as in the context of student achievement, national rankings, and other education data. In November 2012, NASB began making these data tools available to all school board members in Nevada. These user-friendly tools are offered for your use in education policymaking: Nevada Students: Rankings, Data and Student Achievement Decision Points This tool was developed in the spirit of a past NASB president s adage, fit to page. It serves as a data context reference and is designed to be kept handy. NASB hopes that the clarity of this one-page reference will allow for dramatically better data-based decision making across Nevada in The results for students could be transformational. Fit to page is the standard for this tool as well. One single-page Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) sheet was prepared for release each Tuesday between the NASB Annual Conference in November 2012 and the NASB New School Board Member Orientation in January Each brief provides answers to conference attendees questions about Nevada Students data. Briefs include: Enrollment State Rankings Overview K-12 Achievement Ranking Chance for Success Ranking KidsCOUNT Overall Education Ranking Graduation Education Work Force Teaching Work Force National Student Achievement Test Scores. A final brief was prepared to coincide with NASB s January professional development training and the release of the 2013 Chance for Success and K-12 Achievement rankings. We trust that these data elements and related information will be useful to you as you consider important policy decisions that will impact Nevada students and their K-12 public education instruction and achievement. Best regards, Chris Miller Chris Miller, NASB President [Storey County School District] Dotty Merrill Dr. Dotty Merrill Executive Director

2 Nevada Association of School Boards Professional Development Nevada Students Rankings, Data and Student Achievement Decision Points Nevada Graduates Nevada s 2011 ACGR Graduation Rate: 62% Number One State in the Nation: Iowa. 88% National Average: not available yet. D.C. is lowest. Total K-12 Students 471,200 Public Non-Charter Students 423,500 Public Charter Students 22,200 Private School Students 20,300 Home School Students 5,200 National Average 2009, old AFGR method: 75% Nevada Child and Student Rankings Overall Rankings: K-12 and Additional Factors Chance for Success (Education Week Quality Counts) Overall Education (Casey Foundation KIDS COUNT) Data is from: NV Rank Public K-12 Achievement Rankings: All Students Data from: Score NV Rank Public K-12 Achievement (Education Week Quality Counts) 4th Grade Math Achievement (235, 42 nd in 2009) 8th Grade Math Achievement (274, 43 rd in 2009) 4th Grade Reading Achievement (211, 43 rd in 2009) 8th Grade Reading Achievement (254, 47 th in 2009) (n/a) Education Labor Force NV Labor Force student to total K-12 staff ratio student to administration ratio Teachers as % of total K-12 staff: 65.5 versus U.S. 1 largest US largest US nd highest US 50.5 Public K-12 Achievement Rankings: Poverty FRL Eligible? Score 4th Grade Math Achievement National Assessment of Education Progress, th Grade Math Achievement National Assessment of Education Progress, th Grade Reading Achievement National Assessment of Education Progress, th Grade Reading Achievement National Assessment of Education Progress, 2011 NV Rank Sources: 2010 Census and American Community Survey (Census.gov), National Center for Education Statistics (NCES.ed.gov), Nevada Department of Education (nde.doe.nv.gov), MA Department of Education, NV school district databases, KIDS Count, Education Week. Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No student to teacher ratio K-12 teachers: 1.6% of civilian labor force Total K-12 staff: 2.4% of civilian labor force 1.66% of adult population employed in K th largest US rd smallest US 2.1% 51 smallest US 4.1% 51 smallest US 2.71

3 A professional development project of NASB. For primary sources and : nvasb.org 2010 Rankings All data from 2010 (Census, NCES) Rankings Graduation data Other sources Teachers Top Ten States in the U.S. Chance for Success Education Overall K-12 Achievement 1. Massachusetts 2. New Jersey 3 rd in New Hampshire 4 th in Connecticut 2 nd in Maryland 6 th in 2010 and North Dakota 8 th in th in Vermont 5 th in Minnesota 5 th in Virginia 10. Colorado 14 th in th in Massachusetts 2. New Jersey 3. Vermont 4. New Hampshire 5. Connecticut 6. Maryland 7. Minnesota 8. Pennsylvania 9. Colorado 10. Wisconsin 1. Massachusetts 2. New Jersey 3. Maryland 4. Vermont 5. New Hampshire 6. Montana 10 th in Pennsylvania 8. Virginia 14 th in Minnesota 10. Colorado 21 st in Nevada 50. Nevada 36. Nevada 39 th in National Average 2.08% 1. Texas 2.78% 2. Arkansas 2.74% 3. New Jersey 2.51% 4. Vermont 2.49% 5. W. Virginia 2.47% 6. Mississippi 2.46% 7. Georgia 2.46% 8. Wyoming 2.41% 9. Oklahoma 2.39% 10. New Mexico 2.37% 49. Nevada 1.60% as percent of labor force Teachers as percent of all K-12 staff National Average 50.5% 1. South Carolina 69.7% 2. Nevada 65.5% 3. Illinois 62.4% 4. Rhode Island 61.0% 5. Massachusetts 56.8% 6. Wisconsin 55.5% 7. Idaho 54.9% 8. Florida 54.8% 9. Montana 54.2% 10. New Jersey 53.9% All K-12 Staff National Average 4.13% 1. Kentucky 5.81% 2. Wyoming 5.54% 3. Texas 5.54% 4. Vermont 5.52% 5. Arkansas 5.46% 6. Maine 5.27% 7. Mississippi 5.26% 8. Virginia 4.99% 9. Georgia 4.98% 10. N Mexico 4.97% 51. Nevada 2.45% as percent of labor force Per Student Teacher full-time equivalent National Average Vermont D.C North Dakota Maine New Jersey Wyoming New Hampshire Rhode Island New York Arkansas Nevada.0515 Per Student Administrative full-time equivalent National Average Alaska Maine D.C North Dakota So. Dakota Maryland Wyoming Connecticut Kentucky Vermont Nevada.0024

4 Enrollment Q How many school-age children live in Nevada? 548,850 children ages 5-19: US Census, 2010, Nevada. 183,088 ages ,173 ages ,600 ages Q Is enrollment growing or shrinking? What are the changes since the last school year? 471,200 total students*, Kindergarten-12 th grade: Nevada Department of Education, homeschool estimates 423,500 public non-charter students 311,238 Clark: 1% increase 62,424 Washoe: less than 1% increase 9,926 Elko: 2% increase 8,076 Lyon: 2% decrease 7,628 Carson City: less than 1% increase 6,124 Douglas: 2% decrease 5,384 Nye: 4% decrease 3,740 Churchill: 4% decrease 3,501 Humboldt: 2% increase 1,420 White Pine County: 2% increase 1,094 Lander: 2% decrease 977 Lincoln: 1% decrease 708 Pershing: 2% increase 499 Mineral: 3% decrease 415 Storey: 3% increase 271 Eureka: 6% increase 67 Esmeralda: 5% increase 22,200 public charter students 11,263 Clark charter: 34% increase 9,939 multi-district / state charter 12% increase 897 Washoe charter: 4% increase 146 Elko charter: 5% decrease 20,300 private school students 15,604 Clark less than 1% decrease 3,593 Washoe 2% decrease 479 Carson City 9% increase 282 Douglas 34% increase 159 Nye 2% decrease 103 Churchill 8% increase 36 Lyon16% increase 27 Elko 23% increase 5,200 home school students (estimated due to 2007 elimination of annual filing requirement) 1.1% of total Nevada students average home school over the decade from National average has been between 3% and 4%. National average growth: 3%-5% annually. *statewide numbers are rounded to the hundreds

5 Rankings Overview Q How are the rankings calculated? Where do the data come from? Chance for Success: Nevada ranked 51 st in Ranking includes the 50 states and Washington, D.C. Calculated by: Editorial Projects in Education (EPE), publisher of Education Week, from these factors, sources: Early Foundations: Family Income U.S. Census American Community Survey 2010 Early Foundations: Parent Education U.S. Census American Community Survey 2010 Early Foundations: Parental Employment U.S. Census American Community Survey 2010 Early Foundations: Linguistic Integration U.S. Census American Community Survey 2010 School Years: Preschool Enrollment analysis of U.S. Census American Community Survey 2008, School Years: Kindergarten Enrollment analysis of U.S. Census American Community Survey 08, School Years: Elementary Reading Achievement 4 th grade reading proficiency on NAEP assessment 2011 School Years: Middle School Math Achievement 8 th grade math proficiency on NAEP assessment 2011 School Years: High School Graduation Rate EPE calculation using U.S. Department of Education Data School Years: Young Adult Education analysis of U.S. Census American Community Survey 2010 Adult Outcomes: Adult Educational Attainment analysis of U.S. Census American Community Survey 2010 Adult Outcomes: Annual Income analysis of U.S. Census American Community Survey 2010 Adult Outcomes Steady Employment analysis of U.S. Census American Community Survey 2010 Education: Nevada ranked 50 th in Ranking includes the 50 states only. Calculated by: The Annie E. Casey Foundation, publisher of KidsCOUNT Data Book, from factors and sources: Children Not Attending Preschool U.S. Census American Community Survey 3-year estimate 2010 Fourth Graders Not Proficient in Reading 4 th grade reading proficiency on NAEP assessment 2011 Eighth Graders Not Proficient in Math 8 th grade math proficiency on NAEP assessment 2011 High School Students Not Graduating on Time Averaged Freshman Graduation Rate K-12 Achievement: Nevada ranked 36 th in Ranking includes the 50 states plus Washington, D.C. Calculated by: Editorial Projects in Education (EPE), publisher of Education Week, from these factors, sources: Achievement Level 4 th and 8 th grade math and reading proficiency on NAEP assessment 2011 Achievement Gains 4 th and 8 th grade scale scores on NAEP assessment 2003 and 2011 Poverty Gap 4 th grade reading and 8 th grade math scale scores on NAEP assessment 2011 Poverty Gap Change 4 th grade reading and 8 th grade math scale scores on NAEP assessment 2003 and 2011 Percent Advanced 8 th grade math advanced-level scores on NAEP assessment 2011 Percent Advanced Change 8 th grade math advanced-level scores on NAEP assessment 2003 and 2011 High School Graduation Rate EPE calculation using U.S. Department of Education data Change in Graduation Rate EPE calculation using U.S. Department of Education data and High AP Test Scores EPE calculation using College Board and U.S. Department of Education data 2010 Change in High AP Test Scores EPE calculation using College Board and U.S. Department of Education data 2000, Q When will the new common nationwide graduation rate (ACGR) be used for these rankings? Some states have U.S. Department of Education permission to postpone ACGR at least until Currently, there is a four-year lag between graduation year and ranking year. If this persists, ACGR will not be found in the rankings before Q When will improvements in Nevada school districts graduation rates be reflected in the rankings? If the four-year lag persists, improvement seen in will be seen in the 2014 rankings.

6 Overall Education Ranking Q Which factors drag Nevada s ranking down the most? Children not attending preschool, : Nevada ranked 50 th. Fourth graders not proficient in reading, 2011: Nevada was tied for 45 th. Eighth graders not proficient in math, 2011: Nevada was tied for 38 th. High school students not graduating on time, : Nevada ranked 50 th. Q What do those factors mean? Children not attending preschool, is calculated from 3-year Census surveys. Nevada was at 71% aggregate over 2008, 2009, and United States overall was at 53%. High school students not graduating on time, is derived from the old AFGR rate. Nevada was at 44% in United States overall was at 24%. Q Do education labor force, ratio, or union rankings match up with the Overall Education rankings? Top-Fifteen States in percent of civilian labor force in public education: that are top fifteen in Overall Education: Connecticut, Vermont, Virginia. that are bottom fifteen in Overall Education: Alaska, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Mexico, Oklahoma, West Virginia. Top-Fifteen States in teachers association/union strength rating (October 2012) by Fordham Institute: that are top fifteen in Overall Education: Minnesota, Montana, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Vermont. that are bottom fifteen in Overall Education: Alaska, California, Oregon, West Virginia Top-Fifteen States in student to teacher ratio (top-ten most students per teacher): that are top fifteen in Overall Education: Colorado, Minnesota, Virginia. that are bottom fifteen in Overall Education: Alaska, Arizona, California, Indiana, Nevada, Oregon. Top-Fifteen States in student to total public education staff ratio (most students per any K-12 staff): that are top fifteen in Overall Education: Colorado, Wisconsin. that are bottom fifteen in Overall Education: Alabama, Arizona, California, Nevada, South Carolina. Top-Fifteen States in public K-12 education expenditures as a percentage of state revenues: that are top fifteen in Overall Education: Colorado, Massachusetts, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin. that are bottom fifteen in Overall Education: Oklahoma, Tennessee, West Virginia. Q How does Nevada compare with the top Overall Education state and the nation in the above data? Massachusetts (MA) is the top state in the nation in the Overall Education ranking. Percent of Civilian Labor Force in Public Education: MA 3.49%. NV 2.45%. United States 4.13% Nevada would hire an additional 14,700 persons to work in public schools to match the 3.49% rate. Teachers Association / Union Strength: MA 21 st. NV 25 th. Nevada s rating of teachers association / union strength would climb four spots to match the 21 st ranking. Student-to-Teacher Ratio: MA NV United States 15.4 Nevada would hire an additional 9,200 teachers to match the 13.7 ratio. Student-to-Total-Public-Education-Staff Ratio: MA 7.8. NV United States 7.8 Nevada would hire an additional 21,400 persons to work in public schools to match the 7.8 ratio. Public K-12 Expenditures as a Percentage of State Revenues: MA 90.3%. NV 80.5%. U.S. average 86.8% Nevada would spend an additional 9.8% of its revenue, or $425,927,600 on public K-12 to match the 90.3%.

7 Chance for Success Ranking Q Which factors drag Nevada s ranking down the most? Early Foundations: Family Income, 2010: Nevada ranked 32 nd. Early Foundations: Parent Education, 2010: Nevada ranked 51 st. Early Foundations: Parental Employment, 2010: Nevada ranked 44 th. Early Foundations: Linguistic Integration, 2010: Nevada ranked 50 th. School Years: Preschool Enrollment, 2010: Nevada ranked 51 st. School Years: Kindergarten Enrollment, 2010: Nevada ranked 35 th. School Years: Elementary Reading Achievement, 2010: Nevada ranked 46 th. School Years: Middle School Math Achievement, 2010: Nevada ranked 40 th. School Years: High School Graduation Rate, 2008: Nevada ranked 50 th. School Years: Young Adult Education, 2010: Nevada ranked 50 th. Adult Outcomes: Adult Educational Attainment, 2010: Nevada ranked 48 th. Adult Outcomes: Annual Income 2010: Nevada ranked 34 th. Adult Outcomes Steady Employment, 2010: Nevada ranked 45 th. Q What do those factors mean? Parent Education: percent of children with parent with postsecondary degree. NV 32.9%, U.S. 44.6%. Linguistic Integration: percent of children with English-fluent parent. NV 73.6%, U.S.83.3%. Preschool Enrollment: percent of 3-4-year-olds in preschool. NV 29.8% over 2008, 2009, U.S. 48.3%. Graduation Rate: AFGR rate, public high school students. NV 44.3%, U.S. 71.7%. Young Adult Education: percent of ages in postsecondary/with degree. NV 37.6%, U.S. 54.9%. Q Do education labor force, ratio, or teachers union rankings match up with the Chance for Success rankings? Top-Fifteen States in percent of labor force in public education: that are top fifteen in Chance for Success: Connecticut, Vermont, Virginia. that are bottom fifteen in Chance for Success: Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, West Virginia. Top-Fifteen States in teachers association/union strength rating (October 2012) by Fordham Institute: that are top fifteen in Chance for Success: Minnesota, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Vermont. that are bottom fifteen in Chance for Success: California, Oregon, West Virginia. Top-Fifteen States in student to teacher ratio (top-ten most students per teacher): that are top fifteen in Chance for Success: Colorado, Minnesota, Virginia. that are bottom fifteen in Chance for Success: Alabama, Arizona, Oregon, California, Nevada, South Carolina. Top-Fifteen States in student to total public education staff ratio (most students per any K-12 staff): that are top fifteen in Chance for Success: Colorado. that are bottom fifteen in Chance for Success: Alabama, Arizona, Oregon, California, Nevada, South Carolina. Top-Fifteen States in public K-12 education expenditures as a percentage of state revenues: that are top fifteen in Chance for Success: New Jersey, New Hampshire, Colorado, Nebraska, Virginia. that are bottom fifteen in Chance for Success: Tennessee. Q How does Nevada compare with the top Chance for Success state in the above data? Massachusetts (MA) is the top state in the nation in the Chance for Success ranking. NV has a lower percentage of civilian labor force in public education, lower teachers union strength rating, higher student-to-teacher and student-to-total-staff ratios, and lower percentage of state revenue to K-12 education.

8 K-12 Achievement Ranking Q Which factors drag Nevada s ranking down the most? Change in Graduation Rates, Nevada ranks 51 st. Graduation Rate, Nevada ranks 50 th. Q Do education labor force, ratio, or union rankings match up with the K-12 Achievement rankings? Note: In the K-12 Achievement ranking, Nevada is not bottom-fifteen. Top-Fifteen States in percent of labor force in public education: that are top 15 in K-12 Achievement: Kentucky, Maine, Vermont, Virginia. that are bottom 15 in K-12 Achievement: Alaska, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Mexico, Oklahoma, W. Virginia. Top-Fifteen States in teachers association/union strength rating (October 2012) by Fordham Institute: that are top 15n in K-12 Achievement: Minnesota, Montana, New Jersey, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Vermont. that are bottom 15 in K-12 Achievement: Alaska, Oregon, West Virginia. Top-Fifteen States in student to teacher ratio (top-ten most students per teacher): that are top 15 in K-12 Achievement: Colorado, Minnesota, Ohio, Virginia. that are bottom 15 in K-12 Achievement: Alaska, Michigan, Oregon. Top-Fifteen States in student to total public education staff ratio (most students per any K-12 staff): that are top 15 in K-12 Achievement: Colorado, Florida, Wisconsin that are bottom 15 in K-12 Achievement: Alabama, Michigan, Oregon, South Carolina Top-Fifteen States in public K-12 education expenditures as a percentage of state revenues: that are top 15 in K-12 Achievement: Colorado, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Montana, New Jersey, Vermont, Virginia, Wisconsin. that are bottom 15 in K-12 Achievement: Nebraska, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Washington, West Virginia. Q How do high school exit exams / proficiency exams match up with K-12 Achievement Ranking? Eight of the top fifteen K-12 Achievement ranked states have either an exit exam similar to Nevada s (four), an ACT/SAT cut score (one), and/or end-of-course / AP / IB exams (four). Q How do family Chance for Success characteristics match up with the K-12 Achievement Ranking? Income: Florida is the only bottom-15 state in family income that is top-15 K-12 Achievement. Top-Fifteen States in percent of children in families with incomes at least 200% of poverty level: that are top fifteen in K-12 Achievement: Colorado, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Virginia that are bottom fifteen in K-12 Achievement: Alaska, Iowa Parent Education: Kentucky is the only bottom-15 state in parent education that is top-15 K-12 Achievement. Top-Fifteen States in percent of children with at least one parent with a postsecondary degree: that are top fifteen in K-12 Achievement: Colorado, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Montana, New Jersey, New Hampshire, Minnesota, Vermont, Virginia, Wisconsin. that are bottom fifteen in K-12 Achievement: Iowa, Nebraska Parent Linguistic Integration: Connecticut, Florida and Massachusetts are bottom-15 in linguistic integration and top-15 K-12 Achievement. Top-Fifteen States in percent of children whose parents are fluent English-speakers: that are top fifteen in K-12 Achievement: Kentucky, Maine, Montana, New Hampshire, Ohio, Vermont. that are bottom fifteen in K-12 Achievement: Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, South Carolina, West Virginia.

9 Graduation Q What is ACGR? ACGR stands for Adjusted Cohort Graduation Rate. For the first time, all states are being required to use the same graduation rate calculation, so the ACGR is also known as the Regulatory Adjusted Cohort Graduation Rate (RACGR), and is sometimes referred to simply as the regulatory rate. It is calculated thus: The number of students who graduate in four years with a regular high school diploma is divided by the number of students who form the adjusted cohort for the graduating class. The adjusted cohort is calculated thus: From the beginning of 9th grade (or the earliest high school grade), students entering that grade for the first time form a cohort that is adjusted by adding the number of students that subsequently transfer into the cohort and subtracting the number of students that subsequently transfer out, emigrate to another country, or die was the first school year for which states were required to report the cohort rate, so prior year data are not necessarily comparable to the rates. Idaho, Kentucky, and Oklahoma have been permitted to delay reporting ACGR, so a national average is not yet available. Q Is Nevada still last with the new ACGR? Of the states required to report, Nevada is the state proper with the lowest ACGR, at 62%. Washington, D.C. has a lower ACGR of 59%. Q What are the states with the best high school graduation rates? Among the states required to report, top- ten or top-fifteen grouping for ACGR is difficult due to tie scores among several states. Only one state, Iowa, had a 2011 ACGR of 88. Vermont and Wisconsin: 87. Nebraska, North Dakota, New Hampshire, Tennessee and Texas: 86. Illinois and Maine: 84. Connecticut, Kansas, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and South Dakota: 83. Total: 18 states at or above 83%. Likewise, 16 states and D.C. had aacgr of 76 or lower, with a four-way tie at 76%. Due to these ties, rather than top-15 and bottom-15 in the answer below, top states aretop 18. Bottom states are bottom 17. Q Do education labor force, ratio, or union rankings match up with the best high school graduation rates? Top-Fifteen States in percent of labor force in public education: that are top in ACGR: Connecticut, Maine, Texas and Vermont. that are bottom in ACGR: Alaska, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Mexico and West Virginia. Top-Fifteen States in teachers association/union strength rating (October 2012) by Fordham Institute: that are top in ACGR: Illinois, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Vermont. that are bottom in ACGR: Alaska, California, Oregon, Washington and West Virginia. Top-Fifteen States in student to teacher ratio (top-ten most students per teacher): that are top in ACGR: Indiana. that are bottom in ACGR: Alaska, California, Colorado, Michigan, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, and Washington. Top-Fifteen States in student to total public education staff ratio (most students per any K-12 staff): that are top in ACGR: Illinois and Wisconsin. that are bottom in ACGR: Alabama, California, Colorado, Florida, Michigan, Nevada, Oregon, South Carolina, Utah, and Washington. Top-Fifteen States in public K-12 education expenditures as a percentage of state revenues: that are top in ACGR: Massachusetts, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Tennessee, Vermont, and Wisconsin. that are bottom in ACGR: Colorado, Washington D. C., and West Virginia.

10 Education Work Force Q What are the sources of these data? The United States Census 2010, the National Center for Education Statistics, and the U.S. Census American Community Survey. For comparability with the 2010 Census data, all work force data used is from Q Please give more info on education work force statistics in which Nevada is either very first or very last. Student to Total Staff: The total number of public education students in the state divided by the total number of public education teachers, support staff, paraprofessionals, and administrators combined. Nevada has highest number of students per total staff at The national average is Top-ranked K-12 Achievement States Student to Total Staff ratios: 1. Massachusetts New Jersey Maryland Vermont New Hampshire Montana Pennsylvania Virginia Minnesota Colorado 8.05 Student to Administrator: The total number of public education students in the state divided by the total number of public education administrators. Nevada has the highest number of students per administrator at The national average is Top-ranked K-12 Achievement States Student to Administrator ratios: 1. Massachusetts New Jersey Maryland Vermont New Hampshire Montana Pennsylvania Virginia Minnesota Colorado Total K-12 Staff as a Percent of Civilian Labor Force: the total number of public education teachers, support staff, paraprofessionals and administrators combined, divided by the total number of persons in the civilian labor force. Nevada has the lowest percentage of civilian labor force in public education at 2.4%. National avg: 4.1%. Top-ranked K-12 Achievement States percentage of civilian labor force in public education: 1. Massachusetts 3.5% 2. New Jersey 4.7% 3. Maryland 3.7% 4. Vermont 5.5% 5. New Hampshire 4.5% 6. Montana 3.8% 7. Pennsylvania 4.0% 8. Virginia 5.0% 9. Minnesota 3.7% 10. Colorado 3.9% Percent of Adult Population Employed in Public K-12 Education: the total number of public education teachers, support staff, paraprofessionals and administrators combined, divided by the total number of adults. Nevada has the lowest percentage of adults working in public education at 1.66%. National average: 2.71%. Top-ranked K-12 Achievement States percentage of adults working in public education: 1. Massachusetts 2.40% 2. New Jersey 3.18% 3. Maryland 2.61% 4. Vermont 3.89% 5. New Hampshire 3.20% 6. Montana 2.54% 7. Pennsylvania 2.56% 8. Virginia 3.30% 9. Minnesota 2.71% 10. Colorado 2.72% Nevaa Association of School Boards 2013

11 Teaching Work Force Q What are the sources of these data? The United States Census 2010, the National Center for Education Statistics, and the U.S. Census American Community Survey. For comparability with the 2010 Census data, all work force data are from Nevada, for purposes of comparison in answer to the two questions below: employs 1.60% of its civilian work force as teachers. has a 19.4 student to teacher ratio. employs 65.5% of its total K-12 public education staff as teachers. is ranked 36 th in K-12 Achievement, 51 st in Chance for Success, and 50 th in education overall. Q How do states with similar student to teacher ratios compare with Nevada in other data? Utah has the highest student to teacher ratio at This would be 3.5 more students per teacher in NV. UT: employs 1.94% of its civilian work force as teachers. This would be over 4,000 added teachers in NV. employs 49.3% of its total staff as teachers. To have this proportion, NV would add 11,000 admin/support. is ranked better than NV: 32 nd in K-12 Achievement, 24 th in Chance for Success, and 27 th in education overall. Arizona has a student to teacher ratio of This would be 1.3 more students per teacher in NV. AZ: employs 1.75% of its civilian work force as teachers. This would be 2,000 added teachers in NV. employs 51.8% of its total staff as teachers. To have this proportion, NV would add 8,000 admin/support. is ranked better than NV: 31 st in K-12 Achievement, 48 th in Chance for Success, and 46 th in education overall. Oregon has a student to teacher ratio of This would be 0.9 more student per teacher in NV. OR: employs 1.49% of its civilian work force as teachers. This would be over 1,000 fewer teachers in NV. employs 45.7% of its total staff as teachers. To have this proportion, NV would add 14,000 admin/support. is ranked worse/better than NV: 46 th in K-12 Achievement, 39 th Chance for Success, 37 th education overall. California has a student to teacher ratio of This would be 0.6 more student per teacher in NV. CA: employs 1.72% of its civilian work force as teachers. This would be over 1,000 added teachers in NV. employs 52.8% of its total staff as teachers. To have this proportion, NV would add 8,000 admin/support. is ranked better than NV: 35 th in K-12 Achievement, 41 st in Chance for Success, 43 rd in education overall. Washington has a student to teacher ratio of This is the same as NV. WA: employs 1.58% of its civilian work force as teachers. This would be fewer teachers in NV. employs 51.4% of its total staff as teachers. To have this proportion, NV would add 9,000 admin/support. is ranked better than NV: 25 th in K-12 Achievement, 26 th in Chance for Success, 26 th in education overall. Nevada Assoiation of School Boards 2013 Q How do the top K-12 Achievement and Chance for Success states teaching work force data compare? Massachusetts is the top state in K-12 Achievement, Chance for Success, and overall education. MA: employs 1.98% of its civilian labor force as teachers. NV would employ 1.98% if NV added 5,000 teachers. has a 13.7 student to teacher ratio. NV would be at 13.7 if NV had 5.7 fewer students per teacher. employs 56.8% of its total staff as teachers. NV would be at 56.8% if NV added 4,000 admin/support staff. New Jersey is ranked 2 nd in K-12 Achievement, Chance for Success, and overall education. NJ: employs 2.51% of its civilian labor force as teachers. NV would employ 2.51% if NV added 12,000 teachers. has a 12.1 student to teacher ratio. NV would be at 12.1 if NV had 7.3 fewer students per teacher. employs 53.9% of its total staff as teachers. NV would be at 53.9% if NV added 7,000 admin/support staff.

12 Student Achievement and National Test Scores Q What is the difference between the two overall rankings and the K-12 Achievement ranking? The K-12 Achievement ranking includes only measures of student outcomes in Kindergarten through 12 th grade. The Kids COUNT Education ranking and the Quality Counts Chance for Success ranking both include measures of early learning and higher education. The Chance for Success ranking also includes family factors such as parent education levels and linguistic integration. Q Do the overall rankings and the K-12 Achievement rankings correlate? K-12 Achievement data are used as part of the overall rankings. The overall Education ranking correlates better than the Chance for Success ranking. Thirty (of the 50 states) in the Kids COUNT Education ranking are within 5 spots of the same rank on the K- 12 Achievement ranking. Thirteen states, including Nevada, are more than 10 spots apart on the two. Twenty-two (of the 50 states plus D.C.) in the Chance for Success ranking are within 5 spots of the same rank on the K- 12 Achievement ranking. Washington, D.C. and 21 states, including Nevada, are more than 10 spots apart on the two. Q How significant are Nevada students scores on national tests in the K-12 Achievement ranking? Fourteen of the 18 measures of student achievement in the K-12 Achievement ranking methodology are drawn from results of math and reading National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) tests. The other four measures have to do with graduation rates and Advanced Placement test scores (two measures each). Q What is the NAEP? The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) is given by the U.S. Department of Education to random samples of students in each state. The NAEP results used in the K-12 Achievement ranking are reading and math results for representative samples of fourth-grade students and eighth-grade students. The math and reading NAEP assessments are given odd years; the most recent were in Q What are the top states in NAEP scores, and in which states are NAEP scores lower than in Nevada? Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Vermont are the only states in the top ten in 2011 NAEP scores in all four assessments: 4 th and 8 th grade reading and 4 th and 8 th grade math. States with 2011 NAEP scores lower than in Nevada: 4 th grade math: Oregon, Michigan, Alaska, Arizona, West Virginia, California, Tennessee, New Mexico, Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Washington D.C. 8 th grade math: Florida, Hawaii, New Mexico, Tennessee, West Virginia, Louisiana, California, Mississippi, Alabama, and Washington D.C. 4 th grade reading: Arizona, California, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Mexico, Alaska, and Washington D.C. 8 th grade reading: Hawaii, West Virginia, New Mexico, California, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Washington D.C. Q How do Nevada s other data compare with that of the states with the top NAEP scores? Percent of Civilian Labor Force in Public Education: MA 3.49%. NJ 4.66%. VT 5.52%. NV 2.45%. Teachers Association / Union Strength: MA 21 st. NJ 7 th. VT 11 th. NV 25 th. Student-to-Teacher Ratio: MA NJ VT NV Student-to-Total-Staff Ratio: MA 7.8. NJ 6.5. VT 4.8. NV Public K-12 Expenditures as a Percentage of State Revenues: MA 90.3%. NJ 97.8%. VT 90.1%. NV 80.5%.

13 New January 2013 Chance for Success Ranking Q Did Nevada s ranking change in 2013? No. Nevada is still ranked 51 st in Chance for Success. Q Did any of the factors in the ranking change? Yes. Nevada s graduation rate, as calculated for the Chance for Success ranking, jumped nearly 15 points, from 44.3 to Q Is Nevada still last in graduation? Nevada is the last state. Behind Nevada is Washington, D.C. The Chance for Success ranking includes Washington, D.C., which is last in graduation rate in the Chance for Success ranking for the 2 nd year in a row. Q How does Nevada s graduation rate get calculated for this ranking? What explains the jump? The EPE Research Center is the publisher of the Chance for Success ranking. The EPE Research Center s Cumulative Promotion Index (CPI) formula uses data from the U.S. Department of Education s Common Core of Data. The exact cause of the jump in Nevada s graduation rate, as calculated this way, is not clear. A possible explanation is that previous to 2009, the definition of a high school freshman in Nevada included all students who had not yet accumulated enough credits to be classified as a sophomore or beyond. Previous to 2009, Nevada s graduation rate, when calculated based on that definition, included credit-deficient students in the part of the formula used to estimate the size of an entering class cohort and thus overestimated the proportion of non-graduates in each class cohort by counting credit deficient students from other classes as part of the class cohort. The 2013 Chance for Success ranking uses the class of 2009 graduation rates, which is the first year for which only entering freshmen, not credit-deficient students already in high school, were defined as freshmen for purposes of estimating the size of an entering class cohort. Q How could an education factor change so much and not move Nevada up in the ranking? Kindergarten-12 th grade student achievement does not correlate well with the Chance for Success ranking. Of the 51 states plus D.C. that are included in the Chance for Success ranking, 24 are within five spots on the K- 12 Achievement Ranking as compared to the Chance for Success ranking, and 21 are more than ten spots distant. Some states do correlate exactly: Massachusetts is 1 st on both; Colorado is 10 th on both; Rhode Island is 19 th on both, and Louisiana is 48 th on both. However, Washington, D.C. is 21 st in Chance for Success and 51 st in K-12 Student Achievement; Florida is 34 th in Chance for Success and 12 th in K-12 Student Achievement, and Nevada is 51 st in Chance for Success and 36 th in K-12 Student Achievement. Q Why does the EPE Research Center use the same K-12 Achievement Ranking two years in a row? Of the 18 factors used to calculate the K-12 Achievement Ranking, 14 are based on the reading and math National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) tests, which are given only odd years. It is anticipated that the 2014 K-12 Achievement Ranking will be based on 2013 NAEP scores. Q Was there any significant movement by other states up or down in Chance for Success? Washington, D.C. moved up seven spots to 21 st in Chance for Success. This was a result of a 0.9 point change in overall Chance for Success Grade, from 78.1 to Nevada s grade went up 0.5 point, from 64.6 in 2012 to 65.1 in In all K-12 student achievement indicators used for the ranking, except for Kindergarten enrollment, Washington, D.C. still ranks below Nevada. Q In which of the factors used for the 2013 Chance for Success ranking is Nevada very last? Nevada ranks very last in two of the factors: parent education and preschool enrollment.