SAP HANA SPS 09 - What s New? SAP HANA Modeling

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2 Disclaimer This presentation outlines our general product direction and should not be relied on in making a purchase decision. This presentation is not subject to your license agreement or any other agreement with SAP. SAP has no obligation to pursue any course of business outlined in this presentation or to develop or release any functionality mentioned in this presentation. This presentation and SAP s strategy and possible future developments are subject to change and may be changed by SAP at any time for any reason without notice. This document is provided without a warranty of any kind, either express or implied, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, or non-infringement. SAP assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions in this document, except if such damages were caused by SAP intentionally or grossly negligent SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 2

3 Agenda Topics Overview What s New in SAP HANA Modeling General Model Editor Enhancements Calculation View Editor Enhancements Modeler Performance Analysis Enhancements SAP HANA Studio / Modeling related Enhancements Incl. Modeling in the development perspective SAP HANA Web-based Modeling Environment 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 3

4 SAP HANA SPS 09 What s New in SAP HANA Modeling Overview Enhanced and new SAP HANA Modeling Capabilities General Model Editor Enhancements Editor usability / Semantic node redesign Value help entity reference History Views support (time travel support) More dynamic Restricted Measures Calculation View Editor Enhancements Rank calculations Table function as data sources Script-based CV: output column structure import Spatial support: spatial operations in model data flow Scenario redesign: replace node / replace data sources Extract semantics from data sources Modeler Performance Analysis Enhancements Debugging Views with drill-down analysis SAP HANA Modeling Environment Harmonize Development- and Modeler- Studio perspectives Direct Editing in Repository Browser Design-Time visual error markers SAP HANA Web-based Modeling Environment Calculation View editor Analytic Privilege editor 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 4

5 Model Editor New capabilities and general enhancements in the SAP HANA Model Editor

6 Semantic Node Re-design and Enhancements Re-designed Semantic node Tab-based View for columns, View properties, Hierarchies, Parameters/Variables Improved column output overview Column details enhancements Attribute LOV Value help views/tables Key -column property Direct shared-column alias editing 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 6

7 Semantic Node Re-design and Enhancements Attribute LOV Value help View/Table -Property Use case: value help dialogs during multidimensional navigation or filter lov generation Attribute can be directed to a dedicated value help view/table Supports Manage Mappings of Variable/Parameter from referenced value help views/tables for attribute LOV-generation SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 7

8 General Editor Enhancements Input Parameters Input Parameter Enhancements Multi-Value Parameter support Use case: providing multiple values for Input Parameters at runtime from client tools Scenario Developer can create and configure input parameters in calculation views and analytic views to support multiple values. Multi value input parameters can be used in: 1. Apply filter for "List of Values" and "Not in list" options. 2. Expression editor of calculated columns and filter expression in projection nodes based on if the expression requires a multi value input. Not supported are Input parameters of type derived, they continue to be only single valued SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 8

9 General Editor Enhancements Input Parameters Input Parameter Enhancements Derive parameter values now support Derived from procedure Input parameter value can hence be passed into a model based on scalar output value from a stored procedure The procedure requires to generate only a scalar output e.g. using a cursor Further the procedure itself cannot yet pass in input parameters SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 9

10 General Editor Enhancements Restricted Columns Restricted Columns Enhancements Enhancements to Restricted Columns (Enhancement) Input parameters supported for restricted columns. BT (between) operator supported for applying restrictions on attribute columns. Filter expressions supported for applying restriction on base measures. Allows more dynamic measures, with fastest processing along with the aggregation 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 10

11 General Editor Enhancements Currency/Unit Conversion Currency / Unit Conversion Enhancements Type Icon indication: column,attribute or fixes type Generated column for output currency/unit label Available in display currency/unit value help dialog Data preview display output with currency/unit label 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 11

12 General Editor Enhancements Join Dialog Join Dialog Enhancements Validate Cardinality and Join Type (New) Users can validate the join type and cardinality of existing and new joins. The system analyzes the tables participating in the join, and recommends an optimal join type and cardinality. This helps users to avoid performance issues caused by specifying wrong cardinality or join type information. Joins column no longer required as output Model multi column joins Join cardinality visual indicator (if set) 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 12

13 General Editor Enhancements Time Travel Support Time Travel Support with SAP HANA Views Enable Information Views for Time Travel Queries Users can enable their information views to support time travel queries, which help them to query the past state of data. They can use input parameters to specify the timestamp in time travel queries. Configuration and Usage History-enabled column tables HANA View with Enable History -Flag Input Parameter Type: direct or derived Semantic Type: DATE Data Type: Date / Seconddate / TimeStamp / VARCHAR (8) to pass in the timestamp value SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 14

14 General Editor Enhancements Time Travel Support Time Travel Support with SAP HANA Views Query Time Travel-enabled Views Statement level time travel <subquery> AS OF UTCTIMESTAMP <timestamp> SELECT "CustomerStatus", SUM("NetAmount") AS "NetAmount_SUM" FROM "_SYS_BIC"."HANA_SPS09.general/CV_TIMETRAVEL" GROUP BY "CustomerStatus" ORDER BY "CustomerStatus" ASC AS OF UTCTIMESTAMP ' :45:00' 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 15

15 Calculation Views New capabilities and enhancements in the Calculation View Editor

16 Calculation Views Enhancements Rank Node Rank Nodes in Graphical Calculation Views (New) Calculate ordered (measure value) and ranked (Top/Bottom N) partition-by sets (by multiple attributes) Allows multiple columns for partition-by (e.g. Top 3 Player by Team and gender) Top/Bottom N-thresholds supports input parameter Dynamic Partition Elements allows to prune partition-by column dynamically if column is not requested by query Example TOP 3 Players 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 18

17 Calculation View Enhancements Spatial Operations Spatial Join Operations in SAP HANA Modeler Calculation Views now support spatial operations Calculating the distance between geometries and determining the union or intersection of multiple objects. These calculations are performed using predicates such as intersects, contains, and crosses Spatial operations are modeled as Spatial Joins Users can create spatial joins to query data from database tables that contain spatial data. Spatial predicates include 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 19

18 Calculation View Enhancements Spatial Operations Examples Spatial Join Operations in SAP HANA Modeler Spatial operation can be modeled as Spatial Joins Within Distance (Value dependent on geometry used) support Input Parameter for distance values Relates evaluates multiple spatial relationships at once. Touches (one geometry touches another) For details see SAP HANA Spatial Reference 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 20

20 Calculation View Enhancements Semantics from Data Sources Re-use Semantic from Data Sources Extract column semantic information from view data sources and propagate to semantic node From scenario data source-context menu or semantic node tool-icon Extracted Information Labels information, aggregation type, column semantic Hierarchies (incl. hierarchies from referenced Attribute Views) 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 22

21 Calculation Views Enhancements Transparent Filter Flag Transparent Filter Flag for stacked views with counters Enables transparent filter push-down for filtering columns to the lower layer-view with counter-measures Required for filtered, non-projected columns with counters Set on every node and column of the upper/consuming calculation view and on the nodes of the lower calculation/analytic view Example "Show the distinct number of stores where customers John and Susan have bought the product Mouse". Filter column customer is not wrongly added to the projection list of the query to the lower layer view with the counter measure SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 23

22 Calculation Views Enhancements Transparent Filter Flag Correct counter results transparent flag=true. Incorrect counter results transparent flag=false. Customer column is added to the projection list, leading to a different intermediate set passed into the upper node SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 24

23 Calculation Views Enhancements Redesigning a Scenario Scenario Redesign Replacing Nodes or Data Sources When reusing/refactoring view-copies in different contexts or during simple redesign of an existing view, the flow of the view requires to exchange or delete nodes or replace a data source >> without losing the semantic information and mapping in the consuming upper nodes Unmapped column (columns where new data source has no inputs) require to be removed, mapped to new source or alias Replacing of Nodes replace view nodes with other underlying view nodes Replacing of Data Sources Replace a data source with available data sources in the catalog object, without losing the semantic information of the changed node. Similarly, they can also replace a data source in a column view with other available data sources in the catalog object 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 25

24 Calculation Views Enhancements Redesigning a Scenario Scenario Redesign Replacing Nodes or Data Sources Replacing of consumed Data Sources Replace a data source with available data sources in the catalog object, without losing the semantic information of the changed node. Similarly, they can also replace a data source in a column view with other available data sources in the catalog object 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 26

25 Calculation Views Enhancements Redesigning a Scenario Scenario Redesign Replacing Nodes or Data Sources Replacing of consumed Data Sources Unmapped column (columns where new data source has no inputs) require to be removed, mapped to new source or alias Handling unmapped columns 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 27

26 Calculation Views Enhancements Redesigning a Scenario Scenario Redesign Replacing Nodes or Data Sources Replacing of Data Sources/Node references within a intermediate node Replace a data source with available data sources in the catalog object, without losing the semantic information of the changed node. Similarly, they can also replace a data source in a column view with other available data sources in the catalog object 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 28

27 Calculation Views Enhancements Redesigning a Scenario Scenario Redesign Replacing Nodes or Data Sources Replacing of Nodes replace view nodes with other underlying view nodes Delete intermediate node (e.g. projection) Replace Node with a data source Unmapped column (columns where new data source has no inputs) require to be removed, mapped to new source or alias 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 29

28 Calculation Views Enhancements Enabling Query Results Cache Enabling Query Results Cache Control Using query cache with HANA Views Query cache is only used for complex queries (group by ) Suitable to use read-mostly workload, same set of queries is executed repeatedly, rather non-changing data, rather expensive queries e.g. Smart Data Access queries Time-based cache control HANA View-property A time-based cache invalidation property (advanced view properties), which sets the time interval, when cached results shall be invalidated or removed from the query cache Reviewing cache use SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 30

29 Calculation Views Miscellaneous Enhancements Miscellaneous Calculation View Enhancements Attribute Keep-Flag additionally to Aggregation-Nodes is now also supported with Projection-Nodes. It indicates that the attribute is kept during instantiation and execution of calculation view query for a node and is passed on to the upper nodes even if it is not requested by the query (~must use attribute). Star Joins - Top Calculation View-node switch from/to Star Join-Node now supported Star Joins now support referential join conditions Time-Dimension Calculation View now supported ~ to Attribute View-type Time-Dimension 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 31

30 Scripted Calculation Views Used as Value Help-Views Scripted Calculation Views used as Value Help-Views Enhanced support for Input Parameters and Variables-Mapping with Script-based Calculation Views as Value Help-sources Users can map the parameters or variables of external views for value help also in case of script-based calculation views SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 33

31 Scripted Calculation Views Editing the Output Structure Scripted Calculation Views Output Structure Enhanced copy/paste of script output column Incl. between view copy/paste Add Columns to Output in Script-based Calculation Views Users can define the output structure of script-based calculation views with columns from information views or catalog tables that already exist in their SAP HANA system SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 34

32 Scripted Calculation Views Refactor as Table Functions Use Script-based Calculation Views as Table Functions Use of Table Functions as Data Source in Graphical CVs In HANA Studio Development Perspective, where Table Function design-time can be referenced from repository browser Save or Migrate scripted Calculation Views as Table Functions Both existing and new script-based calculations views can be saved as table functions, which can be used as a data source in graphical calculation views 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 35

33 Scripted Calculation Views Considerations on Table Functions Use of Table Functions instead of Scripted Calculation Views Use of Table Functions as Data Source in Graphical CVs In HANA Studio Development perspective, where Table Function design-time object can be referenced from repository browser & added per drag and drop into graphical CVs as a data source Note: Table Function Editor is different from Scripted CV Editor (and only available in Development perspective) Table Functions and Input Parameters Input to Table Functions can be scalar Input Parameters (do not support table types as inputs) Input to Table Functions can be mapped via Parameter Mapping in Graphical Calculation View 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 36

34 Performance Analysis New capabilities and enhancements in the HANA View Performance Analysis Mode

35 Enhanced Modeler Performance Analysis Capabilities Performance Analysis Mode in Modeling Environment Introduced with SAP HANA SPS08 Hints and indicators on table partitioning and number of rows Switching on performance analysis mode Performance Analysis Enhancements Modeler detail panel with extended join information on join column cardinality (incl cardinality analysis) and join type Debug Information Views (New) New debugger editor in SAP HANA modeler targeting analysis of SQL queries against HANA Views, enabling insight into runtime behavior of model flow and performance aspects. Further integrates with the Plan Visualization capabilities 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 38

36 Enhanced Modeler Performance Analysis Capabilities Performance Analysis Mode in Modeling Environment Performance Analysis Enhancements Modeler detail panel with extended join information on join column cardinality (incl cardinality analysis) and join type 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 39

37 Enhanced Modeler Performance Analysis Capabilities Debugging Queries with Information Views Performance Analysis Debug Editor New debugger editor in SAP HANA modeler targeting analysis of SQL queries against HANA Views, enabling insight into runtime behavior of model flow and performance aspects. Generated standard query or custom SQL query can be used to start debug analysis of the query based on the HANA view SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 40

38 Enhanced Modeler Performance Analysis Capabilities Debugging Queries with Information Views Performance Analysis Debug Editor Highlights only selected columns (present in query) Highlights node pruning / node conversion (e.g. join to projection) in the scenario Investigation of SQL Query + intermediate result on every level of the scenario Drill-down to incoming views for further analysis on execute Debug View opens Visual indication of pruned node operations e.g. here Employee data not involved in query, therefore join is pruned to projection SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 41

39 Enhanced Modeler Performance Analysis Capabilities Debugging Queries with Information Views Performance Analysis Debug Editor Drill-down to incoming views for further analysis Breadcrumb for navigation btw levels of stacked views in the analysis 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 42

40 Enhanced Modeler Performance Analysis Capabilities Performance Analysis Mode in Modeling Environment Debug Information Views and Plan Visualization Integrates with the Plan Visualization capabilities Plan Visualization tree based on the instantiated query model of the runtime HANA View artefacts 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 43

41 Modeling Environment New capabilities and enhancements in the Modeler- and Development perspectives in SAP HANA Studio

42 General Modeler Enhancements Frequently Performed Tasks Modeler Quick-View Easy access to frequently performed tasks via new Quick View-pane (replacing Modeler Quick-Launch) available as a View in SAP HANA studio, allows you to quickly navigate and perform modeling tasks such as Validate, Activate, Schema Mapping, etc. Systems View SAP HANA Modeler-context menu Context menu presenting relevant system-view tasks 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 45

43 General Modeler Enhancements Object Naming Standardized object name references Use of standardized full qualified names for catalog and repository objects. Catalog object: "schema".name Example: "MINI".CUSTOMER Catalog object with authoring schema: "AuthoringSchema(PhysicalSchema)".name Example: "MINI_AUTH(MINI)".CUSTOMER where MINI_AUTH is the authoring schema and MINI is the physical schema. Repository Object: package::name Example: HANA_SPS09.new::CV_Spatial 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 46

44 General Modeler Enhancements Managing Schema Mapping Managing Schema Mapping Enhancements Schema content may derive from multiple / different backend or authoring environments In order to ease managing of schema mapping in such scenarios, package-specific schema mapping* (which overrides the default schema mapping) can be maintained in _SYS_BI.M_Package_Default_Schema New UI dialog Users can use the new UI in SAP HANA modeler to maintain package specific default schema. This replaces the manual process of using SQL statements to maintain package specific default schema in the table M_PACKAGE_DEFAULT_SCHEMA (Schema: _SYS_BI). *Introduced with HANA SPS08 The default schema mapping is overruled by Package-specific Schema Mapping 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 47

45 General Modeler Enhancement Data Preview Modeler Data Preview Enhancements Data preview query execution control Preference to enable/disable immediate default data preview query execution (default enabled) Control explicit query execution with Execute command (e.g. after filter setting etc.) 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 48

46 General Modeler Enhancements Refactoring Refactoring Modeler Content in the HANA Modeler perspective Partial content refactoring supported If selected content objects cannot be moved, the overall refactoring process doesn t error stop, but continues to refactor other objects Notices about where refactoring could not be accomplished e.g. due to references within a Script-based Calculation View 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 49

47 General Modeler Enhancements Modeler Tracing SAP HANA Studio / Modeler Tracing Support Tracing of Modeler actions into log-files (help to track down support issues) nn Tracing in enabled in the SAP HANA Studio preferences dialog The trace can be switched ON/OFF in the preference as shown below SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 50

48 General Modeler Enhancements Miscellaneous Enhancements SAP HANA Studio / Modeler Enhancements SAP HANA Studio MAC installation supported Content Application Lifecycle Export through delivery unit supports released version content export CTS+ content export support Job log output structure tree enhancements Removal of redundant nodes and levels for better overview BW on HANA enhancements At Re-Import of query snapshots calculated and restricted columns are retained HANA Studio Logon Language now honored in use with multi-lingual column label (BW Model import) 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 51

49 SAP HANA Studio Development Perspective Modeling Modeling Enhancements in the development perspective Modeling tasks/capabilities in parity with SAP HANA Studio Modeler perspective Repository Browser Simplified use with default workspace It is no longer required to check-out content or have a project Project Explorer incl. developer import via drag and drop (or Menu> File>Import/Export) All objects are directly editable simply by selecting them in the Repository browser File->New; package creation all possible from the Repository Browser 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 52

50 SAP HANA Studio Development Perspective Modeling Modeling Enhancements in the Development Perspective Direct editing from Repository Browser Repository Browser Can be used with a default workspace File->New object / New package from the Repository Browser All objects are directly editable simply by selecting them in the Repository browser 2 1 Opened / edited object are implicitly checked-out Object copies shall be removed from default workspace after activation SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 54

51 SAP HANA Studio Development Perspective Modeling Visual Error Markers for Highlighting Design-Time Errors Development perspective validation-check or activation triggers visual error markers in the Model Editors Problems-View displays error messages and with activation error pop-up dialog opens Visual error markers in the model editor Model opens with errors in focus On hover-over the error marker tool-tip displays error message Note: Visual error markers introduced for most common errors SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 55

52 SAP HANA Studio Development Perspective Modeling Refactoring Modeler Content Refactor Modeler Objects in SAP HANA Development Perspective (New) Users can refactor modeler objects in the SAP HANA development perspective. This means they can now move modeler objects within or across projects in same repository workspace without any changes to the behavior of the modeler objects. Repository Browser > Package context menu > Move Searches for all impacted objects Adjust package references in source and impacted objects 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 56

53 SAP HANA Studio Development Perspective Modeling Mass-Copy / Paste Special (Refactor) Modeler Content Copy / Mass-Copy of selected objects / package folders supports refactoring references using PASTE SPECIAL action In the Project explorer on the target folder select > PASTE SPECIAL 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 57

54 Web-based Modeling New SAP HANA webide-based Model Editors

55 SAP HANA Web-based Modeling Environment New Web Editor for Calculation Views Supports both Graphical and Scripted Calculation views Browser-based platform and approach reaching more HANA Model developers New usability approaches Mapping based data and column-flow Viewer dialogs, instead more real estate and focused view in the current activity context when editing Calculation View details Note No Analytic- and Attribute-View Modeling Initial release for Calculation Views not feature complete but future/mid-term innovation platform 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 61

56 SAP HANA Web-based Modeling Environment New Web Editor for Calculation Views Supports both Graphical and Scripted Calculation views Allows development of scripted Calculation Views in a web-based model development environment SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 62

57 SAP HANA Web-based Modeling Environment New Web Editor for Analytic Privileges Development and Editing of HANA Analytic Privileges To be used in scenarios with Web-based Calculation View Editor 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 63

58 SAP HANA SPS 09 What s New in SAP HANA Modeling Summary Enhanced and new SAP HANA Modeling Capabilities General Model Editor Enhancements Editor usability / Semantic node redesign Value help entity reference History Views support (time travel support) More dynamic Restricted Measures Calculation View Editor Enhancements Rank calculations Table function as data sources Script-based CV: output column structure import Spatial support: spatial operations in model data flow Scenario redesign: replace node / replace data sources Extract semantics from data sources Modeler Performance Analysis Enhancements Debugging Views with drill-down analysis SAP HANA Modeling Environment Harmonize Development- and Modeler- Studio perspectives Direct Editing in Repository Browser Design-Time visual error markers SAP HANA Web-based Modeling Environment Calculation View editor Analytic Privilege editor 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 64

59 How to find SAP HANA documentation on this topic? In addition to this learning material, you find SAP HANA documentation on SAP Help Portal knowledge center at The knowledge center is structured according to the product lifecycle: installation > security > administration > modeling > development. So you can find e.g. the SAP HANA Modeling Guide in the modeling section and so forth SAP HANA Platform documentation What s New Release Notes Modeling SAP HANA Modeling Guide SAP HANA Modeling Guide for SAP HANA Web Workbench Development SAP HANA Developer Guide References SAP HANA SQL Reference 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 65

61 2014 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose without the express permission of SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. SAP and other SAP products and services mentioned herein as well as their respective logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of SAP SE (or an SAP affiliate company) in Germany and other countries. Please see for additional trademark information and notices. Some software products marketed by SAP SE and its distributors contain proprietary software components of other software vendors. National product specifications may vary. These materials are provided by SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company for informational purposes only, without representation or warranty of any kind, and SAP SE or its affiliated companies shall not be liable for errors or omissions with respect to the materials. The only warranties for SAP SE or SAP affiliate company products and services are those that are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services, if any. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty. In particular, SAP SE or its affiliated companies have no obligation to pursue any course of business outlined in this document or any related presentation, or to develop or release any functionality mentioned therein. This document, or any related presentation, and SAP SE s or its affiliated companies strategy and possible future developments, products, and/or platform directions and functionality are all subject to change and may be changed by SAP SE or its affiliated companies at any time for any reason without notice. The information in this document is not a commitment, promise, or legal obligation to deliver any material, code, or functionality. All forwardlooking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of their dates, and they should not be relied upon in making purchasing decisions SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Public 67