SPE Distinguished Lecturer Program

Transcription

1 SPE Distinguished Lecturer Program Primary funding is provided by The SPE Foundation through member donations and a contribution from Offshore Europe The Society is grateful to those companies that allow their professionals to serve as lecturers Additional support provided by AIME Society of Petroleum Engineers Distinguished Lecturer Program

2 Real-Time Monitoring and Control in Formation Testing Applications Hani Elshahawi (FEAST) Shell International E&P Inc. Feb Hous1ton, Texas

3 The Robotic Geologist Image adapted from NASA website (

4 Remote-Controlled Surgery Pictures courtesy of Intuitive Surgical Inc.

5 Mean while in the oil business... Lessons from Macondo Rep. Bruce Braley, D-Iowa to Transocean CEO, Steve Newman: "So you have no mirrored data device so that information is recorded at some location other than rig itself?" Newman: "We do not have real-time off-rig monitoring of what's going on the vessel."

6 Real-Time Monitoring and Control Requirements Secure web link Minimal delay Bi-directional Wellsite Oil company Benefits Travel, logistics HSE, personnel security Decision making when it counts Interdisciplinary collaboration/knowledge transfer Operating Center Service Company

7 Why Formation Testing? Volumetrics Deliverability Completion Topsides Facilities Valuation Image courtesy of Schlumberger

8 Formation Testing Applications Pressures Gradients and Contacts Sampling Downhole fluid analysis Permeability Insitu stress testing Animation courtesy of Halliburton

9 Trends in Formation Testing Ever more challenging conditions Increasingly more complex tools Much more than data acquisition Design, execution, and evaluation Image Courtesy of Baker Hughes Real time monitoring and control a MUST!

10 Example Real Time Decisions Adequate pressures and samples? Best place for sampling? Flowing pressure > saturation/solids onset? Mud contamination? Capture sample? Downhole fluid analysis? Stable pressure transient? Image Courtesy of Schlumberger

11 Real Time Enables Integration Different Technologies Various Disciplines Design, Execution and Evaluation

12 Advanced Mud Gas Logging Efficient extraction Improved transfer Quantified mud effect Enhanced analysis Real time analysis Image Courtesy of Geoservices A Schlumberger Company SPE (2007) and SPE (2008)

13 Downhole Fluid Analysis Spectrometer OD=3 Fluorescence Refractometer Density Viscosity Resistivity Press Temp OD=2 OD=1 OD=0 C1 C2-C5 C6+

14 Pressure Transient Analysis Second observation probe probe possible possible at 4.5 or at 7m 4.5-7m 2 m 1 m Probe Observation Observation probe probe for for Module monitoring monitoring interference while producing signal during flow Packer Module (Producing Interval) Producing Module Interval

15 Real Time Monitoring and Control A platform for Integration

16 Example I Compositional Grading

17 Example I Density and GOR Pressure (psi) 6,800 7,100 GOR (scf/stb) 2,000 2,750 3,500 Fluorescence Depth (ft) X500 X700 Oil X900 Water Density (g/cc)

18 Example I EOS Modeling

19 Example I Geochemistry 1/1+2 11/ / ft / / ft / / ft 8+9/ / ft 7/ / ft 7/7+9

20 Example - II Real Time Optimization CAL GR DFA Mass Fraction (%) (F) 0.66 g/cc from Sample (G) 0.66 g/cc from Sample X100 C C2-C5 4.2 C C C2-C5 4.2 C (J) 0.63 g/cc from Sample (H) 0.64 g/cc from Sample X200 X300 C C2-C5 5.6 C C C2-C5 5.6 C (I) 0.66 g/cc from Sample 0.67 X400 C C2-C5 4.1 C Accuracy of ± 0.01 g/cc!

21 Example - II Final Integration Relative Depth (ft) Depth with of f set (ft) 900 1,100 1,300 1,500 2,700 X050 X100 X150 X200 X250 X300 X350 X400 GOR (Scf/bbl) I F G H J PRESSURE (Psia) GR (GAPI) g/cc 0.67g/cc 0.62 g/cc 0.65 g/cc 0.67g/cc C1 RELATIVE CONCENTRATION Higher C1 concentration corresponds to lower density fluid J X δ 13 C METHANE (per mil) - 50

22 Example - III Pressure Transient Analysis Probe g/cc Probe 1 Packer 90 ft

23 Example III Real Time Evaluation Delta Pressure (psi) Probe-2 10 Delta Pressure (psi) Delta Pressure (psi) Flowrate~0.5 gpm Flowrate~0.4 gpm B/Up Time (hour) B/Up Probe-1 Packer Packer Delta Pressure Probe-1 Delta Pressure Packer Derivative Probe-2 Delta Pressure Probe-1 Derivative Probe-2 Derivative

24 Learnings and Recommendations Identify main objectives and challenges Plan the execution - execute the plan Experience matters Integrate integrate integrate Never walk away with insufficient data Real time monitoring is key in all the above!

25 Real Time Monitoring and Control in Formation Testing applications Monitoring Monitoring Control Control Decision making Optimization Integration Any where Any time