SYNTHESIS LECTURES ON DATA MINING AND KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY. Elena Zheleva Evimaria Terzi Lise Getoor. Privacy in Social Networks

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1 M & C & Morgan Claypool Publishers Privacy in Social Networks Elena Zheleva Evimaria Terzi Lise Getoor SYNTHESIS LECTURES ON DATA MINING AND KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY Jiawei Han, Lise Getoor, Wei Wang, Johannes Gehrke, Robert Grossman, Series Editors

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3 Privacy in Social Networks

4 Synthesis Lectures on Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Editors Jiawei Han, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Lise Getoor, University of Maryland Wei Wang, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Johanness Gehrke, Cornell University Robert Grossman, University of Chicago Synthesis Lectures on Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery is edited by Jiawei Han, Lise Getoor, Wei Wang, and Johannes Gehrke. The series publishes 50- to 150-page publications on topics pertaining to data mining, web mining, text mining, and knowledge discovery, including tutorials and case studies. The scope will largely follow the purview of premier computer science conferences, such as KDD. Potential topics include, but not limited to, data mining algorithms, innovative data mining applications, data mining systems, mining text, web and semi-structured data, high performance and parallel/distributed data mining, data mining standards, data mining and knowledge discovery framework and process, data mining foundations, mining data streams and sensor data, mining multi-media data, mining social networks and graph data, mining spatial and temporal data, pre-processing and post-processing in data mining, robust and scalable statistical methods, security, privacy, and adversarial data mining, visual data mining, visual analytics, and data visualization. Privacy in Social Networks Elena Zheleva, Evimaria Terzi, and Lise Getoor 2012 Community Detection and Mining in Social Media Lei Tang and Huan Liu 2010 Ensemble Methods in Data Mining: Improving Accuracy Through Combining Predictions Giovanni Seni and John F. Elder 2010

5 Modeling and Data Mining in Blogosphere Nitin Agarwal and Huan Liu 2009 iii

6 Copyright 2012 by Morgan & Claypool All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopy, recording, or any other except for brief quotations in printed reviews, without the prior permission of the publisher. Privacy in Social Networks Elena Zheleva, Evimaria Terzi, and Lise Getoor ISBN: ISBN: paperback ebook DOI /S00408ED1V01Y201203DMK004 A Publication in the Morgan & Claypool Publishers series SYNTHESIS LECTURES ON DATA MINING AND KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY Lecture #4 Series Editors: Jiawei Han, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Lise Getoor, University of Maryland Wei Wang, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Johanness Gehrke, Cornell University Robert Grossman, University of Chicago Series ISSN Synthesis Lectures on Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Print Electronic

7 Privacy in Social Networks Elena Zheleva LivingSocial Evimaria Terzi Boston University Lise Getoor University of Maryland, College Park SYNTHESIS LECTURES ON DATA MINING AND KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY #4 & M C Morgan & claypool publishers

8 ABSTRACT This synthesis lecture provides a survey of work on privacy in online social networks (OSNs). This work encompasses concerns of users as well as service providers and third parties. Our goal is to approach such concerns from a computer-science perspective, and building upon existing work on privacy, security, statistical modeling and databases to provide an overview of the technical and algorithmic issues related to privacy in OSNs. We start our survey by introducing a simple OSN data model and describe common statistical-inference techniques that can be used to infer potentially sensitive information. Next, we describe some privacy definitions and privacy mechanisms for data publishing. Finally, we describe a set of recent techniques for modeling, evaluating, and managing individual users privacy risk within the context of OSNs. KEYWORDS privacy, social networks, affiliation networks, personalization, protection mechanisms, anonymization, privacy risk

9 vii Contents Acknowledgments... ix 1 Introduction...1 PART I Online Social Networks and Information Disclosure A Model for Online Social Networks Types of Privacy Disclosure Identity Disclosure Attribute Disclosure Social Link Disclosure Affiliation Link Disclosure Statistical Methods for Inferring Information in Networks Entity Resolution Collective Classification Link Prediction Group Detection PART II Data Publishing and Privacy-Preserving Mechanisms Anonymity and Differential Privacy k-anonymity l-diversity and t-closeness Differential Privacy Open Problems... 31