ANNA SIVULA. Cultural Heritage Studies

Transcription

1 ANNA SIVULA Cultural Heritage Studies

2 THE PORI COTTON FACTORY - A case of Industrial Heritage

3 THE PORI COTTON FACTORY - A CASE OF INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE 1. Case of industrial History: Pori Cotton Factory Case of Cultural Heritage: Pori Cotton Factory How to understand a Cultural Heritage community?

4 1. CASE OF INDUSTRIAL HISTORY: PORI COTTON FACTORY

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7 ON THE EDGE : Difficulties, bancrupties, war and survivings : Outsider of the Finnish Cotton Cartel, Investments in machines, buildings and technology

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9 THE ERA OF GROWTH End of the Cotton War New products: Viscose

10 FUNCTIONING FACTORY 1958

11 STAFF

12 THE MERGER OF Oy Finlayson Ab Porin Puuvilla

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15 NEW VISIONS IN 1973: HYBRID OF RESIDENTIAL AND INDUSTRIAL AREAS

16 THE CRISIS OF THE EUROPEAN AND U.S. TEXTILE INDUSTRY

17 THE DECLINE OF PORI COTTON FACTORY Competition with imported textiles. Weaving mill was destroyed by fire Spinning mill and yarn factory were closed

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20 NONSTOPPERS?

21 THE LAST TEXTILE WORKERS LEFT THIS BUILDING IN 1994 The NonStoppers continued in the buildings with less than 300 employees ( )

22 NEW BEGINNINGS ? Renovated offices: Information enterprises, light industries, Tropical spa ( ) Warehouses

23 NEW HORIZONS AND DISCUSSIONS ? Open university for senior citizens? Shops, offices, exhibition and cultural facilities, housing?

24 2. CASE OF INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE: PORI COTTON FACTORY 1977

25 IT TAKES A HISTORY FOR TO MAKE AN INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE

26 COMPANY HISTORIES OF PORI COTTON FACTORY

27 INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE IN FINLAND? NOT UNTIL 1970 S.

28 INVENTING LOCAL INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE AND LANDSCAPE IN PORI The concept of Industrial Heritage reached the cotton factory Pori in

29 : INHABITANTS OF PORI TOWN CANNOT IMAGINE THE LANDSCAPE WITHOUT THESE BEAUTIFUL BUILDINGS a headline in the front page of the local newspaper Satakunnan Kansa: The Cotton will not be torn down! The magnificent red brick factory buildings of Pori Cotton are rooted in the northern banks of the river, and the inhabitants of Pori town cannot imagine the landscape without these beautiful buildings. The factory management promises they do not have to. This beautiful industrial milieu, designed by the famous architect August Krook, will maintain its present appearance from the outside, although the inside of the factory needs to be updated to meet the needs of the modern industrial activities.

30 INSTITUTIONALIZATION Inventories of industrial environment of Satakunta (Liisa Nummelin and Juhani Lukka, publ ): Pori cotton factory one of objects

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33 REUSING THE FACTORY - MORE OR LESS INSPIRED IDEAS Plans 1984: New textile factory, storehouses, hotel, Culture center, Circus ja exhibition center, Shopping mall and shops, telephone company, Pori music school, Exhibition hall for visitors, Ice hockey arena, Technical university, Media acitivities, computer museum Realized ideas 1984: Dance school, Jazz festival, temporary theater 1985: seminars, happenings : A theater, art exhibitions, expoactivities, 30 small industrial companies, workshops and offices

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36 PLANNED AND REALIZED OPTIONS Custom made offices, local municipalities, information intensive enterprises. Universites Restaurants, cafees Custom made offices, local municipalities, information intensive enterprises Universities (1999, 2000, 2001, 2004) Restaurants, coffeeshop

37 COMMUNITY OF RE-USERS University Consortium (2004) Health Center (2005) Local Newspaper (2009) New Shopping Mall (2014) Some old buildings demolished: No resistance

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39 AGENCY IN LOCAL HERITAGE PROCESS The play of agency and structure happens as we build: we mold buildings, they mold us, we mold them anew Gieryn, Thomas F.: What buildings do. Theory and Society 31, 2002, 72.

40 3. HOW TO UNDERSTAND THE CULTURAL HERITAGE COMMUNITY

41 CULTURAL HERITAGE COMMUNITY IN PORIN PUUVILLA? Strong resistence against the plans of removing the University Consortium in Discussions in the local newspaper According to results of my inquiry 90 % of students and 97 % of Turku University staff wanted to stay in the old factory. The most common argument of the resistence was: Historical environment! 600 subscribers in an e-petition

42 APPROACHING A HERITAGE COMMUNITY ATTACHED TO THE SITE How did these particular remains of industrial activities become cultural heritage? Who constructed the meaning and interpretation? Who finances the maintenance of the industrial heritage? Who uses the industrial heritage, and for what purpose?

43 THE CONSTRUCTORS OF HISTORICAL MEANING AND INTERPRETATION OF PORI COTTON FACTORY 1. the hometown community of Pori 2. local journalists and regional newspaper 3. regional museum 4. regional council of Satakunta 5. academic researchers, artists 6. community of the users and tenants of the site

44 WHO FINANCES THE MAINTENANCE OF THE INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE? Owned by a private real estate development company, maintenance of the industrial heritage is financed by the tenants.

45 WHO USES THE INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE, AND FOR WHAT PURPOSE? - locals, with their private and public memories - amateur historians, local historians - heritage administration - owners - users and tenants of the buildings - local politicians - (other users of public space)

46 MEMBERS OF A HERITAGE COMMUNITY 1. share and use histories. 2. experience to have a project or a mission in common. 3. value some tangible or intangible traces of their past as symbols of the community.

47 IDENTITY WORK OF CULTURAL HERITAGE COMMUNITY Shared history Trace of past, symbol Participant experience

48 MONUMENTAL IDENTITY WORK Shared history Trace of past, symbol

49 HISTORICIZING IDENTITY WORK Shared history Participant experience

50 POSSESSIONAL IDENTITY WORK Participant experience Trace of past, symbol

51 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!