CHILD CARE DIPLOMA. Course Sample

Transcription

1 CHILD CARE DIPLOMA Course Sample

2 Unit CHP2 Providing for children s physical needs inclusive of health and safety The Statutory framework for the EYFS is a requirement for all registered early years providers. The standard that gives information about some of the areas covered in this unit states the following: The provider must promote the good health of the children, take necessary steps to prevent the spread of infection, and take appropriate action when they are ill. Specific legal requirements Food and drink Where children are provided with meals, snacks and drinks, these must be healthy, balanced and nutritious. Those responsible for the preparation and handling of food must be competent to do so. Fresh drinking water must be available at all times. Providers must notify Ofsted of any food poisoning affecting two or more children looked after on the premises. An early years provider who, without reasonable excuse, fails to comply with this requirement, commits an offence. Statutory guidance to which providers should have regard Children should be provided with healthy meals and other healthy snacks and drinks as appropriate. If providers have reason to believe that any child is suffering from a notifiable disease identified as such by the Public Health (Infectious Diseases) Regulations 1988, they should inform Ofsted. Providers should act on any advice given by the Health Protection Agency and inform Ofsted of any action taken. A link to the Health Protection Agency s list of notifiable diseases is provided on the EYFS CD-ROM. Providers should obtain record and act on information from parents about a child s dietary needs. Providers should be aware of their responsibilities under food hygiene legislation including registration with the relevant Local Authority Environmental Health Department. In group provision, food hygiene matters should be included in induction and on-thejob training, which is available to all staff. If parents provide packed lunches, providers should inform them about what can be stored safely and about appropriate food content. (The Early Years Foundation Stage, 2007)

3 2.1 Meeting children s nutritional needs At the end of this module the learner will be able to: - explain a balanced diet and key types of nutrient, and the sources of these nutrients - list foods not suitable for babies and young children - outline issues relating to food brought in from home - describe specific dietary requirements relating to requirements of some main religions, and the impact of allergies and food intolerances A balanced diet A balanced diet is one that contains all the nutrients that are needed, in the right balance. This will give babies and children the right amount of energy (calories) and nutrients that they need to grow and develop to their full potential. We use food for growth and development, for maintaining health, for energy for the things we do during the day, and to maintain a good body temperature. If we don t get enough of the right nutrients, we can t concentrate, and sleep is affected. The main groups of nutrients are: Carbohydrates Fats Proteins Vitamins Minerals Fibre In addition, we need enough water to stay hydrated. Nutrient type Needed for Foods that contain it Carbohydrate Energy Potatoes, rice, pulses, bread, pasts, noodles, banana, starchy vegetables Fats Energy Butter, vegetable oils, margarine, oils. Also in meats, fish and dairy products Proteins Growth and development Repair of cells and tissues Meat, eggs, fish, pulses, nuts, dairy products, soya products

4 Vitamins there are many different vitamins some of the main ones are listed here. Vitamin Needed for Foods that contain it Vitamin A Eyes and eyesight Milk, carrots, apricots, butter, tomatoes, cheese Vitamin B group Vitamin C Nervous system, making reed blood cells Healthy tissue and skin, helps healing Fish, liver, green vegetables, beans, eggs Citrus fruits, green vegetables Vitamin D Bones and teeth Oily fish, egg yolk, liver. Is added to margarine and milk. The body can make vitamin D if exposed to sunlight Vitamin E Healing and blood clotting Vegetable oils, cereals, nuts, egg yolk Vitamin K Blood clotting Green vegetables, liver, whole grains Minerals there are many minerals that our bodies need some of the main ones are shown here. Mineral Needed for Foods that contain it Calcium Teeth and bones Dairy products, eggs, fish Iron Making red blood cells Meat, green vegetables, egg yolk, liver, cocoa, apricots Fluoride Health teeth enamel Sometimes in water, often added to water, toothpaste Sodium chloride Production of body fluids, blood, sweat and tears Salt, meat, bread, fish

5 Please remember that some food groups should not be given to babies and some not to young children. These include: Raw eggs and foods containing partially cooked eggs, because of the risk of salmonella. Both the yolk and the white should be fully cooked. Whole or chopped nuts because of the risk of choking Shark, swordfish or marlin because they contain higher levels of mercury Raw shellfish because of the risk of food poisoning Food with high salt levels. Salt should not be added to babies or young children s food. You need to be very careful with liquidised food for babies, to ensure that salt levels are not too high Food and drink containing high sugar levels, and any food or drink with added sugar Skimmed milk is not appropriate for toddlers they need the fat in full fat or semi-skimmed milk. You also need to be careful with the following things. Keep them to a minimum, or eliminate them all together. Some parents may request that their children do not receive foods with these in: Artificial flavourings Preservatives Artificial colourings Some anti-oxidants and emulsifiers These are all types of food additives. Some additives are artificially made, some are natural. Those that are artificially made are generally less suitable. Many artificial additives have been shown to cause hyperactivity and allergies in young children. Food brought in from home You will need to give some thought to guidelines around food brought in from home. Thing you need to think about include storage of this food, what is acceptable, and any requirements for re-heating. For example, if you have guidelines around what snacks are acceptable, you need to be sure that parents do not provide these foods for children to bring in. If you are taking responsibility for re-heating foods, you need to be sure about what is required. Consider whether you should be taking responsibility for foods that may have already been re-heated. This should extend to drinks brought in from home as well. Specific dietary requirements You need to check with parents about specific dietary requirements as part of getting to know a child s needs before you start caring for them. These may include religious and/or cultural customs and requirements, as well as food allergies and intolerances. Religious requirements

6 Many of the main religious groups have specific requirements around food and food preparation. You need to check for each individual child. There will be variations even within a particular religious group do not presume that because you follow or are familiar with a religion that all others have the same understanding of requirements or customs. Guidelines for a few religions include: Muslim All food must be halal No pork or pork products be aware that some bought pastry products contain pig fat Dairy products should not be made with rennet Some sweets and desserts are not halal halal means permitted. For meat this refers to how the animal is raised, killed and how the meat is prepared. All halal food is clearly labelled. Jewish Hindu All food must be kosher No pork or pork products Dairy products and meat must not be served at the same time kosher means permitted. All kosher food is clearly labelled. No beef Dairy products should not be made with rennet There are some restrictions on meat and eggs You need to check out dietary requirements, according to parent s customs within their own home. You must follow requirements carefully parents are trusting you to care appropriately and safely for their babies and children. Allergies and food intolerance There are many allergies and food intolerances. These may present differently in different children you need to be careful to get clear directions from parents about their child s allergies and intolerances, and follow these carefully. Some allergies are life-threatening. In these circumstances you must be absolutely clear about your response and be sure that you are confident with the required treatment in the event of the child coming into contact with the substance they are allergic to. Activity CPD2.1 relates to the above

7 Activity CPD2.1 a) What are the main types of nutrients in foods? b) Give 3 examples of foods that should be avoided with young children, and explain why for each one c) What guidelines will you put in place around snacks and drinks? d) Prepare a typical week s menu a) b) c) d)

8 Activity CHP2.2 Activity 2 (relates to 2.2) a) Write a procedure for supervision of children while sleeping b) What will you do to ensure the children s rest/sleep area is i. quiet and calm ii. clean iii. safe a) b)