Literature Search Strategy

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1 E Literature Search Strategy In order to review the most relevant scientific literature available, the committee and staff regularly conducted thorough searches of several online bibliographic data bases, including Medline, Science Direct, and WorldCat/First Search. General searches on vitamin D, calcium, and health outcomes were first conducted to identify primary literature. Using the results of the primary search, key search terms were developed and secondary searches were then conducted. Search terms were also chosen based on relevance to the report outline and topics included in the previous IOM report (IOM, 1997). Although initial searches were general, subsequent searches focused on retrieving studies that were not covered by the evidence-based reviews conducted by AHRQ-Ottawa (Cranney et al., 2007) and AHRQ-Tufts (Chung et al., 2009). Similar to the methodology used by the AHRQ reports searches were limited to English. As the study progressed, focused searches were conducted as needed and general searches were carried out to identify newly published articles. See Box E-1 for an example of how searches were conducted. 1013

2 1014 DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES FOR CALCIUM AND VITAMIN D TABLE E-1 Sample Search History for Literature Published After AHRQ-Tufts Number Searches Results 1 exp Vitamin D/ (25-hydroxy vit D or plasma vit D or 25OHD or 25-OHD) (25OHD3 or 25(OH)D3 or 25-OHD3 or 25-(OH)D3 ).tw ( 25(OH)D or 25-(OH)D or 25-OH-D ).tw hydroxycholecalciferol.tw hydroxyergocalciferol.tw calcidiol.tw Calcifediol/ (vit adj (d or d2 or d3)).mp Ergocalciferols/ Ergocalciferol$.tw Cholecalciferol/ Cholecalciferol$.tw calciferol.tw or/ exp Calcium/ exp Calcium Carbonate/ or exp Calcium Citrate/ or exp Calcium Phosphates/ or exp Calcium Malate/ 18 exp Calcium, Dietary/ Ovid MEDLINE(R) <1950 to Present> (7533) Quarter 2009> (515) Ovid MEDLINE(R) <1950 to Present> (7533) Quarter 2009> (515) calcium.tw or/ or and (200905* or * or * or *).ed limit 22 to english language [Limit not valid in CCTR; records were retained] limit 23 to humans [Limit not valid in CCTR; records were retained] 1906

3 APPENDIX E 1015 TABLE E-1 Continued Number Searches Results 25 limit 24 to (addresses or bibliography or biography or comment or congresses or consensus development conference or consensus development conference, nih or dictionary or directory or duplicate publication or editorial or in vitro or interview or lectures or letter or news or newspaper article or review ) [Limit not valid in CCTR; records were retained] not randomized controlled trial.pt controlled clinical trial.pt randomized controlled trials/ Random Allocation/ Double-blind Method/ Single-Blind Method/ clinical trial.pt Clinical Trials.mp. or exp Clinical Trials/ exp Clinical Trial/ (clinic$ adj25 trial$).tw ((singl$ or doubl$ or trebl$ or tripl$) adj (mask$ or blind$)).tw Placebos/ placebo$.tw random$.tw trial$.tw (latin adj square).tw Comparative Study.tw exp Evaluation studies/ Follow-Up Studies/ Prospective Studies/ (control$ or prospectiv$ or volunteer$).tw Cross-Over Studies/ Ovid MEDLINE(R) <1950 to Present> (24638) Quarter 2009> (18713) Ovid MEDLINE(R) <1950 to Present> (24638) Quarter 2009> (18713) continued

4 1016 DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES FOR CALCIUM AND VITAMIN D TABLE E-1 Continued Number Searches Results 49 or/ and limit 51 to english language [Limit not valid in CCTR; records were retained] 53 limit 52 to yr= Ovid MEDLINE(R) <1950 to Present> (8085) Ovid MEDLINE(R) <1950 to Present> (8085) 54 limit 53 to humans [Limit not valid in CCTR; records were retained] Ovid MEDLINE(R) <1950 to Present> (2956) Ovid MEDLINE(R) <1950 to Present> (2956) 55 remove duplicates from 54 Ovid MEDLINE(R) <1950 to Present> (2751) Quarter 2009> (3) Ovid MEDLINE(R) <1950 to Present> (2751) Quarter 2009> (3)

5 APPENDIX E 1017 REFERENCES Chung M., E. M. Balk, M. Brendel, S. Ip, J. Lau, J. Lee, A. Lichtenstein, K. Patel, G. Raman, A. Tatsioni, T. Terasawa and T. A. Trikalinos Vitamin D and Calcium: A Systematic Review of Health Outcomes. Evidence Report No (Prepared by the Tufts Evidencebased Practice Center under Contract No. HHSA I.) AHRQ Publication No. 09-E015. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Cranney A., T. Horsley, S. O Donnell, H. A. Weiler, L. Puil, D. S. Ooi, S. A. Atkinson, L. M. Ward, D. Moher, D. A. Hanley, M. Fang, F. Yazdi, C. Garritty, M. Sampson, N. Barrowman, A. Tsertsvadze and V. Mamaladze Effectiveness and Safety of Vitamin D in Relation to Bone Health. Evidence Report/Technology Assessment No (Prepared by the University of Ottawa Evidence-based Practice Center (UO-EPC) under Contract No ) AHRQ Publication No. 07-E013. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. IOM (Institute of Medicine) Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

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