1 6 Copper Lane London

Transcription

1 1 6 Copper Lane London Henley Halebrown Rorrison HHbR

2 '1-6 Copper Lane' is London s first o-housing sheme. Loated in Stoke Newington, in North London, the projet onsists of six homes and shows how arhiteture an respond to a new soial need that has arisen through hanges in both lifestyles and eonomis. City dwellers are looking at alternative forms and arrangements of housing to make home ownership more affordable as well as shaping more onvivial and sustainable neighbourhoods. Co-housing is about people oming together to build new homes beause they an do things olletively that they ouldn t do individually: sharing ativities suh as hildare, preparing & eating meals, and gardening and therefore sharing things/ spaes, suh as laundry failities, library, offie spae or gardens, that make muh more sense to do jointly, espeially in urban settings. For families, o-housing an be an attrative option. Older people, too, an find ompanionship and mutual support in suh ommunities. The design strategy maximises external spae and develops a building type that manifests the idea of 'ommunality'. The resulting 'luster' model plaes a ourt at the heart of the site beneath whih the ommunal failities are loated and, around whih the six houses are laid out. However, the main outlook of the houses is outwards into the gardens, rather than faing inwards around the ourt. The sheme allows for a ontinuous perimeter of ommunal gardens whih offer varied growing onditions and atmospheres. The gardens should provide an exellent habitat for loal flora and fauna. As a result, there is a strong feeling of the projet being intrinsially linked to its land. Both the plot that surrounds the perimeter of the projet and the inner ourt emphasise this bond to the site. The four 3-storey houses are lad in untreated vertial timber boards, the two 2-storey houses in brik. 'Landsape' timber framed windows allow oblique views within the site. The timber elevations to the ourt use wider boards and planted battens. This, more rudimentary, detail astes strong shadows and is more tatile than the smoother outward elevations. The philosophy is to redue the household s olletive impat on the environment in the onstrution of their homes as well as in their daily lives. The performane of the building fabri - insulation, air tightness, and 'whole house' ventilation heat reovery - plays a vital role with low-ost and proven tehnology. The only renewables are solar thermal panels. The embodied energy of onstrution has been onsidered in every respet: reyling waste material from the demolition; timber superstruture; timber ladding; timber fenestration and partial green roofs. The houses share a palette of simple, robust, ontemporary materials. Eah house has been designed to have a generous provision of natural light whilst ensuring that homes do not overlook one another. Yet, ompared to typial terraed houses where the publi sphere ends at the front door, it is lear on entering 1-6 Copper Lane that, although defined, boundaries between publi and private spae have been extended beyond the norm. The entrane - an inlined brik-paved lane strethes from the street deep into the Vitorian suburban blok

3 This following paper was presented at the NLA Conferene 'Delivering New Housing Models for London' in 2014, was originally written in 2013 by Simon Henley for his ARCHDAILY olumn - 'London Calling'. In 2013 house pries here in London rose by between 13-15%. Not great news for those who an t afford a home. Rents are also rising sharply. Soon, many, partiularly young, Londoners will be trapped, unable to rent or buy. In an attempt to find affordable homes people move further away from their work, espeially those on low wages, and spend too muh of their salary and their time ommuting. The ost of housing affets what we eat, whether we exerise and how muh spare time we have. It affets our quality of life. So, this is not about business or property. It s more important. This is about home. Home is a refuge. It s our emotional harbour. In fat it is a human right. As the UN Covenant on Eonomi, Soial and Cultural Rights states: it is the right of everyone to an adequate standard of living for himself and his family, inluding adequate housing. As arhitets, we need to ask what home atually is, and, how it fits into the ity. Indeed, the answer is as muh anthropologial as it is arhitetural, as it lies in re-thinking the house and the flat itself, in reating not housing but homes. Almost a entury ago the English philosopher Bertrand Russell, in his 1935 essay 'Arhiteture and Soial Questions', wrote about the single dwelling, the nulear family, the wage-earning man and house-keeping wife. He desribed how eah house is a entre of individual life, the ommunal life being represented by the offie, the fatory, or the mine. The wife, isolated in the house in the suburbs, busied by hores, unable to go out to work, was dependent on her wage-earning husband. It was a mehanism for ontrol that affeted her self-esteem and status. His solution was to divide up and share out the roles of the housewife hildare, shopping, ooking and leaning and to liberate the woman to work. In this senario dwellings would be ommunal, olleted around a ommon kithen, nursery, playground and garden. Of ourse, times have hanged, but, although his reasoning may be oldfashioned, his proposal, more in keeping with the left-leaning ideologial politis of the interwar years (or a medieval soiety), is still relevant. Today, although the ity and our soiety has hanged, the dwelling remains largely the same. I m not talking about style or what it looks like. Nor whether it s a house or a flat. I m thinking of what it is. Ask a an estate agent and they ll tell you how many bedrooms it s got. Compare it to the ar industry. There would have been a time when all one ould buy was a 3-door, 4-door or 5-door ar. I reently ontributed a hapter to a book entitled The Car in 2035, whih, as the title suggests, was seeking to predit how the ar and the ulture it has spawned would hange our way of life over the next 22 years. Already Meredes Smart ar and BMW s new generation Mini have bred a multitude of 'minis' and 'miros'. Early studies in plan for an Intentional Community

4 So what is the arhitetural equivalent? London developer Poket has devised a range of ompat homes. Clearly, size matters. Their homes are more eonomi to build and their developments oupy less land. However, the miro-home dates bak at least to 1934 when arhitet Wells Coates ompleted the Isokon Building in Hampstead. This early ion of Modernism ombined 34 flats, some as small as 25m 2, with a ommon kithen and laundry. Early residents inluded ex-members of the Bauhaus and the writer Agatha Christie. Another arhitetural landmark in ompat home design was Japanese arhitet Kisho Kurokawa s 1972 Nakagin Capsule Tower in Tokyo. Eah 8m 2 apsule was prefabriated in a shipping ontainer fatory and raned omplete into position on site. Inside, although there is no kithen, the aestheti is one of equipment. Eah inludes a bathroom, fridge, wardrobe, bed, retratable table and a relatively large irular A reent artile in the journal MARK published in September shows, the building is now in poor ondition and only a few of the original apsules are still oupied. It is now just a matter of time before this Ballardian high-rise is deserted. Whilst this may have muh to do with the ephemeral nature of the onstrution and its tehnial shortomings, one an t help but think that the arhitet s philosophy was in part to blame. As Kurokawa himself explained: The apsule is intended to institute an entirely new family system entered on individuals. The housing unit based on the married ouple will disintegrate. If Kurokawa was suggesting that the nulear family was in deline and the single-person household was on the rise, he was right. But his sheme was a fashionable oversimplifiation of the problem. Households have indeed hanged, less people marry, more get divored, there are more single parents, and more old people outliving their partners. But how do they atually want to live? What s good for our health, espeially our mental health, in the disloated age of soial media? The answer lies in Russell s essay and the quiet revolution in Co-housing that, like the Capsule Tower, dates from A Co-housing projet ould not be more different from Kurokawa s vision. This is not about the individual. Instead it is about the group. Residents own their home but share failities and ativities suh as hildare and gardening. And, beause spae is shared, dwellings an be smaller and heaper. The soial and eonomi nature of Co-housing means its arhitet must explore where to draw the line the threshold between home and neighbours, household and ity. Home seeps out into the ommunal spaes where we eat, party, where we wash our loths, mend the bike, where hildren play, and we exerise. And, in an inter-generational ommunity, the old may look after the very young. Communal meals and gardening naturally reate soial patterns for residents of all ages. How an arhitets through design better interpret what are today s ommunal values and ommunal spatial needs? Does sustainable living introdue a design dimension for ommunal design? Can Co-housing provide the setting for people who desire to work at home and share spae and failities? Model photographs

5 Housing models do hange. The Twentieth Century model the one we understand: one dwelling per household - is different from the Vitorian one. And, spaes have died out - servant s quarters, formal dining rooms and studies; and others have emerged open plan kithen-dining and informal family rooms. Co-housing shemes range in size from six to forty households. Big enough to make shared spae viable, small enough for residents to know and trust eah other. At their heart there tends to be a ommon house planned around a multipurpose spae, along with a kithen, laundry, workshop, a hildren s playroom, an offie or library and spare bedrooms. Interestingly the UK Coalition government s reent bedroom tax has been designed to drive households in rented aommodation out of dwellings with spare bedrooms to make way for larger households. 1-6 Copper Lane, a sheme for six households in North London, has a shared hall, workshop and laundry. The design seeks a spatial typology that manifests the idea of ommunality on a bakland site surrounded by houses and gardens. Our 'luster' model plaes a ourt at the heart of the site, beneath whih are the ommunal failities and around whih the six houses are laid out. It is an intentional ommunity. What an this model do for London? In its urrent form, the model involves a group of like-minded folk, searhing for a site and funding the design and onstrution, but against a bakdrop of rising house pries and with little hoie on the market, this model does enable people to shape their homes and build a ommunity on a budget. View from north east The question is whether the model is more widely appliable and whether it an in fat provide a new model for mainstream developer-led or enabled housing and whether it an therefore address the shortfall in housing. I don t see why not? There is perhaps one threat to this emerging model. In 2010 the Mayor s Offie launhed new minimum spae standards for housing. The problem is that Co-homes may in a way be sub-standard, beause the home extends beyond the dwelling. This will inevitably onfound the politiians. Whatever the hallenges, Co-housing is gaining momentum. Let me leave you with one thought - London s population is set to rise by a million in the next deade. The 2011 ensus reorded 8 million people living in 3.27 million households an average of 2.5 people per household. Therefore, in the next deade, repliating this ratio, one million people will need 400,000 new homes. A spare room adds about 20% more spae to a 1 or 2-bed home. So, if we build Cohomes with spare bedrooms within the shared spae then, and we an build 1 & 2-beds instead of onventional 2 & 3-beds, then there is the potential to build more than 100,000 extra homes on the same amount of land, for the same amount of money. And, in this senario, instead of a bedroom tax the government ould offer shared spare rooms & homeworking spae at a fration of the ost ompared to when it s inorporated into the individual dwelling offering muh more versatile affordable housing stok This is a new paradigm for Home. View from south west

6 The ourtyard is the most demonstrative manifestation of this intentional ommunity m Lower Ground Lower Floor ground - Copper floor plan Lane

7 m Upper ground floor plan Upper Ground Floor - Copper Lane House Five seen from entral ourt

8 Central ourt, looking north east m First floor plan Upper Ground Floor - Copper Lane

9 skylight skylight skylight skylight flat green roof eave ridge ridge valley flat green roof ridge Central ourt, looking south west 5m Roof plan

10 General notes: 1. HHbR Ltd were previously known as Bushow Henley. 2. Do not sale drawings. Dimensions govern. 3. All dimensions are in millimeters unless noted otherwise. 4. All dimensions shall be verified on site before proeeding with work. 5. HHbR Ltd shall be notified in writing of any disrepanies. Speifi notes: General notes: Rev. 1. HHbR Ltd were Issue previously Details known as Bushow Henley. 2. Do not sale drawings. Dimensions govern. 3. All dimensions are in millimeters unless noted otherwise. 4. All dimensions shall be verified on site before proeeding with work. 5. HHbR Ltd shall be notified in writing of any disrepanies. 21 Perserverane Works 38 Kingsland Road London E2 8DD Speifi notes: Rev. Issue Details General notes: 1. HHbR Ltd were previously known as Bushow Henley. 2. Do not sale drawings. Dimensions govern. 3. All dimensions are in millimeters unless noted otherwise. 4. All dimensions shall be verified on site before proeeding with work. 5. HHbR Ltd shall be notified in writing of any disrepanies. Speifi notes: 21 Perserverane Works 38 Kingsland Road London E2 8DD Rev. Issue Details 21 Perserverane Works 38 Kingsland Road London E2 8DD Narrow boarded timber ladding. 2. Timber battens over timber boarding. 3. Brik. 4. Timber framed triple glazed fixed light. 5. Timber framed triple glazed sliding 6. Timber framed triple glazed sliding door. 7. Timber framed triple glazed opening asement. 8. Timber framed triple glazed top hung 9. Timber framed triple glazed door. 10. Painted steel downpipe x 20mm square setion steel balustrade. 12. Steel flue. 13. Solid timber entrane doors battened to math ladding Setion AA through ommunal spae and ourt above (looking north west) 1. Narrow boarded timber ladding. 2. Timber battens over timber boarding. 3. Brik. 4. Timber framed triple glazed fixed light. 5. Timber framed triple glazed sliding 6. Timber framed triple glazed sliding door. 7. Timber framed triple glazed opening asement. 8. Timber framed triple glazed top hung Proposed 9. Timber framed Setion triple glazed AAdoor. 10. Painted steel downpipe x 20mm square setion steel balustrade. 12. Steel flue. Springdale Gardens Ltd 13. Solid timber entrane doors battened to math ladding Setion BB through ommunal spaes and ourt above (looking south east) Proposed Setion BB Springdale Gardens Ltd Setion CC through house 6 and house 4 (looking north west) House Three (foreground) and House Four (bakground) Proposed Setion CC

11 Speifi notes: General notes: 1. HHbR Ltd were previously known as Bushow Henley. 2. Do not sale drawings. Dimensions govern. 3. All dimensions are in millimeters unless noted otherwise. 4. All dimensions shall be verified on site before proeeding with the work. 5. HHbR Ltd shall be notified in writing of any disrepanies. Speifi notes: General notes: 1. HHbR Ltd were previously known as Bushow Henley. 2. Do not sale drawings. Dimensions govern. 3. All dimensions are in millimeters unless noted otherwise. 4. All dimensions shall be verified on site before proeeding with the work. 5. HHbR Ltd shall be notified in writing of any disrepanies. Speifi notes: General notes: 1. HHbR Ltd were previously known as Bushow Henley. 2. Do not sale drawings. Dimensions govern. 3. All dimensions are in millimeters unless noted otherwise. 4. All dimensions shall be verified on site before proeeding with the work. 5. HHbR Ltd shall be notified in writing of any disrepanies. Rev. Rev. Rev. Issue Details Issue Details Issue Details Perserverane Works 38 Kingsland Road London E2 8DD 21 Perserverane Works 38 Kingsland Road London E2 8DD 21 Perserverane Works 38 Kingsland Road London E2 8DD m Setion DD through house 3 and house 4 (looking south west) Proposed Setion DD Springdale Gardens Ltd Setion EE through house 1 and house 6 (looking north east) Proposed Setion EE Setion FF through house 5, the ommunal spae (and ourt above) and house 3 (looking north east) House Four (left) and House Five (entre) Proposed Setion FF

12 General notes: 1. HHbR Ltd were previously known as Bushow Henley. 2. Do not sale drawings. Dimensions govern. 3. All dimensions are in millimeters unless noted otherwise. 4. All dimensions shall be verified on site before proeeding with work. 5. HHbR Ltd shall be notified in writing of any disrepanies. Speifi notes: General notes: 1. HHbR Ltd were previously known as Bushow Henley. 2. Do not sale drawings. Dimensions govern. 3. All dimensions are in millimeters unless noted otherwise. 4. All dimensions shall be verified on site before proeeding with work. 5. HHbR Ltd shall be notified in writing of any disrepanies. Speifi notes: A Amendments to windows Rev. Issue Details 21 Perserverane Works 38 Kingsland Road London E2 8DD A Amendments to windows Rev. Issue Details 21 Perserverane Works 38 Kingsland Road London E2 8DD Sale@A3 Sale@A3 Sale@A1 General notes: 1. HHbR Ltd were previously known as Bushow Henley. 2. Do not sale drawings. Dimensions govern. 3. All dimensions are in millimeters unless noted otherwise. 4. All dimensions shall be verified on site before proeeding with work. 5. HHbR Ltd shall be notified in writing of any disrepanies. Speifi notes: Sale@A1 General notes: 1. HHbR Ltd were previously known as Bushow Henley. 2. Do not sale drawings. Dimensions govern. 3. All dimensions are in millimeters unless noted otherwise. 4. All dimensions shall be verified on site before proeeding with work. 5. HHbR Ltd shall be notified in writing of any disrepanies. Speifi notes: Rev. A Amendments to windows Rev. Issue Details 21 Perserverane Works 38 Kingsland Road London E2 8DD Issue Details Sale@A3 Sale@A1 21 Perserverane Works 38 Kingsland Road London E2 8DD Sale@A3 Sale@A Narrow boarded timber ladding. 2. Timber battens over timber boarding. 3. Brik. 4. Timber framed triple glazed xed light. 5. Timber framed triple glazed sliding 6. Timber framed triple glazed sliding door. 7. Timber framed triple glazed opening asement. 8. Timber framed triple glazed top hung 9. Timber framed triple glazed door. 10. Painted steel downpipe x 20mm square setion steel balustrade. 12. Steel ue. 13. Solid timber entrane doors battened to math ladding Narrow boarded timber ladding. 2. Timber battens over timber boarding. 10 South west elevation 3. Brik. 4. Timber framed triple glazed xed light. 5. Timber framed triple glazed sliding 6. Timber framed triple glazed sliding door. 7. Timber framed triple glazed opening asement. 8. Timber framed triple glazed top hung 9. Timber framed triple glazed door. 10. Painted steel downpipe x 20mm square setion steel balustrade. 12. Steel ue. 13. Solid timber entrane doors battened to math ladding. Proposed West Elevation Narrow boarded timber ladding. 2. Timber battens over timber boarding. 3. Brik. 4. Timber framed triple glazed xed light. North east elevation 5. Timber framed triple glazed sliding 6. Timber framed triple glazed sliding door. 7. Timber framed triple glazed opening asement. 8. Timber framed triple glazed top hung 9. Timber framed triple glazed door. 10. Painted steel downpipe x 20mm square setion steel balustrade. 12. Steel ue. 13. Solid timber entrane doors battened to math ladding. Proposed East Elevation South east elevation 1. Narrow boarded timber ladding. 2. Timber battens over timber boarding. 3. Brik. 4. Timber framed triple glazed xed light. 5. Timber framed triple glazed sliding 6. Timber framed triple glazed sliding door. 7. Timber framed triple glazed opening asement. 8. Timber framed triple glazed top hung 9. Timber framed triple glazed door. 10. Painted steel downpipe x 20mm square setion steel balustrade. 12. Steel ue. 13. Solid timber entrane doors battened to math ladding. Proposed South Elevation House Four North west elevation Proposed North Elevation

13 Common hall beneath the entral ourt x42 Thermo-wood Timber Batten x42 Half Parallelogram Thermo-wood Timber Batten x130 Thermo-wood Timber Board x68 Thermo-wood Timber Post x100 Thermo-wood Timber Sill x320 Thermo-wood Timber Sill x118 Thermowood Deking 08. Timber frame mm ounter batten mm batten 11. Plasterboard 12. White Plaster Skim Finish 13. PIR insulation board 14. Mineral wool insulation 15. Breather Membrane 16. Pro-Clima Intello Plus Air Tight Membrane 17. Blak ement board 18. RC Upstand 19. Foamglass insulation 20. Voltex tanking system 21. Fine Conrete Wearing Sreed mm dia Cobiax void former spheres

14 Kithen, House One Entrane hall, House One

15 Lower ground floor fenestration, House One Stair, House One

16 Stair and window seat, House Four Living room, House Six

17 House Four