Teoría y Aplicaciones de las Ondas Guiadas

Transcription

1 Materials Research & Technology Teoría y Aplicaciones de las Ondas Guiadas Raul M Leon Mechanical Engineer MBA President NDT Innovations, Inc Materials Research & Technology

2 Alternativas a las Ondas Guiadas Ultrasonido MFL (ET) Emision Acustica Sistemas Visuales Etc

3 Recipientes a Presión

4 Recipientes a Presión

5 Ductos Internal Corrosion External Corrosion

6 Emisión Acústica

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9 Fugas

10 Ubicación de los Transductores

11 Emisión Acústica

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14 Tanques Planta de Procesos

15 Tanques Planta de Procesos

16 Tanques Planta de Procesos

17 Ondas Guiadas

18 Introduction Today s inspection challenges are becoming more and more focused on productivity combined with high quality results. To complement an already strong pipeline products offering, Olympus is introducing a guided wave solution for corrosion and metal-loss detection on pipes. The following slides present how this portable system maximizes the efficiency of a corrosion management program.

19 Introduction The UltraWave LRT: - Screens in-service pipes and pipeline over long distances. - Inspects pipes with limited access from a single position. - Pinpoints locations requiring further inspection. - Can provide significant reduction in operating costs.

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21 Industries Refineries. Power generation plants. Pipes and piping in gas transportation stations. Onshore pipelines. Offshore risers and other piping systems.

22 Applications Corrosion detection / in-service pipes and pipelines Inspection of above ground conventional and coated pipe. Detection of corrosion at supports and pipe racks. Inspection of through-wall pipe.

23 Applications Corrosion detection / in-service pipes and pipelines Detection of corrosion under insulation (CUI). Inspection of buried pipes. Inspection of vertical pipes.

24 Inspecting with guided waves avoids unnecessary excavation, coating removal, or scaffolding if no flaw is detected. But it s a screening tool: Areas of concerns need to be addressed with other NDT techniques. Conventional UT or Phased Array are to be used to confirm the pipe condition.

25 Inspection with Conventional UT - Localized inspection; - underneath or in the vicinity of the sensor location. Inspection with Guided Waves (Long-Range Ultrasonic Testing) - Screen the entire pipe wall; - over tens of meters; - from a single inspection position; - on each side of the probe collar.

26 The system propagates low frequency waves:15 khz to 85 khz. Torsional waves are pulsed all around the pipe circumference (axisymmetric/no time delay) from each side of the probe collar.

27 10% CSC (Total area) Distributed differently LRUT does not provide an accurate measurement of wallthickness variation but detects a general change in the total pipe cross sectional area (CSC). Equally sensitive to OD and ID corrosion. Can estimate the circumferential extend (using focusing tools). Other NDT methods are needed to validate indications.

28 UltraWave LRT The system features the UltraWave LRT instrument, which is secured in a backpack, a rugged touch-screen laptop with advanced software, flexible inspection collars, and all the necessary tools to perform an inspection.

29 Inspection Collar Probes assembled on predefined bands for each pipe diameter (Standard kit 2 24 in. OD). Bladder inflated to ensure good contact for the inspection. No couplant is required. Low profile design Fast and easy setup on the pipe Inspections with limited access Good contact (stability) between the probe and the material during acquisition Light and compact transport

30 Acquisition Unit and Laptop Battery operated,16-channel, with broadband frequency range: 15 to 85 khz. Total inspection length: 182 meters (600 feet) in optimal conditions (300 feet bidirectionally). Getac V200 rugged, industrial touch-screen laptop computer with sunlight-readable display.

31 UW Software Setup Wizard. Color mapping. Focusing modes. Easy reporting.

32 1) Pipe sketch. 2) Collar installation. 3) Axisymmetric scan. 4) A-scan analysis / features localisation. 5) Active focusing if necessary. 6) Synthetic focusing (can be done during post-processing). 7) Defect confirmation (UT or phased array). 8) Second acquisition, if necessary. 9) Final analysis and reporting.

33 A drawing with notes on the pipe configuration is mandatory for further analysis.

34 Pipe thickness measurement. Band positioning. Bladder inflation. Wiring and coupling validation.

35 A user-friendly, step-by-step wizard is available in the software to build the setup. Information about the line dimension, location, thickness, material, and coating are entered before acquisition.

36 Guided waves are pulsed all around the pipe with no time delay. Multiple frequencies are acquired simultaneously. Analysis is performed on the most sensitive frequency. A-scan is selected with the horizontal red cursor.

37 F-Scan color map is a view of all frequencies acquired over the pipe length. Guided wave is a frequency-dependent detection method. With the F-scan view, selecting the optimum frequency for further analysis is fast & intuitive.this unique feature offers a global image of the inspected zone. Weld Death Zone Weld Defects Flange Data acquired from 15 to 85 khz with steps of 1 khz

38 Known features identification (weld, flange, indications). Distance amplitude correction (DAC) curve positioning. Pipe schematic updated with pre-selected symbols.

39 Energy focused at a determined distance and frequency. Induced time delay at 8 different positions around pipe. Polar plot that estimates the defect circumferential position and extent. Wave form representing the signal of each octant at it s position on pipe. Provide improved penetration power, SNR, and inspection confidence for advanced applications. Reduced defect false-alarm rates.

40 Synthetic Focusing C-scan view of unrolled pipe (channels vs. distance at 1 frequency). Generated considering the phase velocity of the received modes (from flexural). Provides the axial position and circumferential extent of all defects. Post-processing tool. Displays the entire inspected zone.

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42 Long-range screening for pipe integrity assessment. Buried, coated, and insulated pipe inspection capability. F-scan color map with multiple frequencies display. Active and synthetic focusing. Low clearance probe collar.

43 PoD, % POD Defect size

44 Probability of false call, % Probability of False Call Defect size

45 PoD % POD Experimental Actual Defect area in^2 PoD PoD Trend

46 PoD Resultados Usando Focalizacion Experimental PoD Curves original target results Flaw area, in^2

47 Defect area, in^2 Resultados Focalizacion 12" Defect type 1, Detection required 100% Detected Not detected Type 1 100% focused 100% original Detected Not detected Pipe thickness, in

48 Efectos de los Recubrimientos

49 Efectos de los Recubrimientos

50 Defectos Detectados Recubierto y Enterrado

51 Defectos Detectados Recubierto y Enterrado

52 Focalizacion y Deteccion 90 o 45 o o o 270 o o o 180 o

53 Focalizacion y Deteccion

54 Soldaduras (No Direccional) o 45 o o o o o 225 o o

55 Efectos de los Recubrimientos

56 Gain [db] 8 Gain Achieved by Phased-Array Focusing Bare Pipe Bitumastic 50 Bitumastic 300M Bitumen Tape Fusion Bonded Epoxy Enamel Wax Tape

57 Caracterizacion de los Recubrimientos

58 Futuro de las Ondas Guiadas

59 Advantages of using Guided Waves High productivity inspection with long-range coverage and rapid screening. 100% screening coverage of pipe wall, 360 degrees around the pipe circumference. Ability to scan pipes with limited access such as coated, insulated, buried, road-crossing, and through-wall pipes. Cost reduction for excavation, scaffolding, and insulation removal. Cost effective solution for pipe integrity management programs. In-service inspection (no production shutdown).

60 Guided Wave is covered by ASTM : E Standard Practice for Guided Wave Testing of Above Ground Steel Pipework Using Piezoélectric Effect Transduction (2011) ASME : Article 18 Guided Wave Testing Method for Basic Piping : not released yet (in progress) ISO / TC 44 & International Institute of Welding : Long Range Inspection of Above Ground Pipelines and Plant Piping Using Guided Wave Testing with Axial Propagation : not released yet (in progress)