VEHICLE TRACKING ALONG WITH THE ADVANCED RTO TECHNOLOGY

Transcription

1 VEHICLE TRACKING ALONG WITH THE ADVANCED RTO TECHNOLOGY PROJECT REFERENCE NO. : 37S1335 COLLEGE : JAIN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BELGAUM BRANCH : ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION GUIDEs : PRAKASH B.B AND AKASH BHAGAT STUDENTS : MANOJ PAI MANISH MANJREKAR HARSHADA HUMBARWADI SAYLEE GINDE Keywords: PHS (Personal Handy-phone System) Technology, advanced RTO technology, Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL), Introduction: A vehicle tracking system combines the use of automatic vehicle location in individual vehicles with software that collects these fleet data for a comprehensive picture of vehicle locations. Vehicle information can be viewed on electronic maps via the internet or specialized software. It is also possible to maintain a record of documents of a vehicle. This can be done by using a circuit which will maintain a database corresponding to the particular vehicle. The major advantage of using this technique is that there is no loss of RTO based documents. The increase in number of vehicles brings not only revenue but also a tedious job to Transport Office, Police Department, and others too. It is hard to keep and maintain the details of the each vehicle, which is running on the road. This inefficiency sets some evil things to work on road. Such as, in case of hit-and-run or carrying illegal goods over interstate cross border or road-robbery cases, police may not trace the culprits very easily, as the vehicle details are not monitored continuously. City Transports wants to track each buses details such as departure & arrival time on bus terminal, number of schedules it undergone in single-day etc. 1

2 Objective: In GSM technology, the SIM card is bound with the network instead of handset. Hence, one can easily change the handset by transferring the SIM card. If the SIM is misplaced, one can lose all the data if the same is not saved in the phone. The GSM works on the basis of Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) which allots a specific time period at specific frequency to the GSM. Sometimes the GPS signals are not accurate due to some obstacles to the signals such as buildings, trees and sometimes by extreme atmospheric conditions such as geomagnetic storms. To overcome these limitations, we are using an alternative technology i.e. PHS (Personal Handy-phone System) which is simple, economic and indigenous in design. There by resulting in an effective system for our own network system of vehicle tracking facility from a remote end like control room. Methodology: With help of this project, it is possible to easily track particular vehicle for its geographical locations on a LCD screen. The operator can see the vehicle s current location in real time mode. So whenever a vehicle equipped with it ID Transmitter enters a cell /geographical location, that particular Cell Unit or Cell Broadcaster sends a wireless message to the centralized base unit. In turn the base unit receives the VHF message from the Cell Broadcaster and after processing and decoding displays the geographical location of the vehicle on a graphical form on the LCD screen. This way the user can find the whereabouts of the vehicle in real time mode & if for any reason needs it necessary to lock / immobilize the vehicle under observation; he can do so with the help of control software. 2

3 Vehicle ID Transmitter IR ID TRANSMITTER AMPLIFIER ID GENERATOR POWER SUPPLY UNIT Fig. Block Diagram of Vehicle ID Transmitter The Fig shows the RF / IR ID Transmitter fitted in the Vehicle. The explanation of each block goes like this: RF / IR ID Chip: This is heart of the RF / IR ID Transmitter, as it contains the Vehicle s registration number in unique RF / IR code. Every such transmitter fitted besides the Number Plate is implanted with one RF / IR ID Chip. Amplifier: The RF / IR ID coming out of RF / IR ID CHIP are very weak in nature, and cannot be transmitted as it is. So certain level of amplification is done using Amplifier stage. RF / IR Transmitter: This block has nothing but one antenna coil which is tuned for Radio Frequency range signals. This antenna helps the RF / IR ID signals to spread around the area for identification purpose. Power Supply Unit: As the whole RF / IR ID Transmitter Unit goes with the vehicle, its power supply must be kept compact and compatible with all kinds of vehicles and its power generators. 3

4 Vehicle ID Receiver The explanation of each block goes like this: RF / IR ID Receiver: The Radio Frequency signal (which contains each vehicle s registration number in unique RF / IR code) transmitted by the moving vehicle is received by this Receiver. This block processes the received signal and gives the output in 4-bit pattern. Buffer: This is to provide the stronger current path to the decoded 4-bit signal and also to isolate the RF / IR ID Receiver section from the rest of the circuit. This stage is there because the next section deals with the relay and needs the strong signal to drive its switch to saturation region. Driver: This block is introduced as 4-bit decoded signals are fed to MC through relay stage. And relay needs driver stage for its activation. Relays: The four relays represents 4-bits of the decoded signals and are gets activated whenever corresponding bit is high. Motor Controller with LCD display: Micro-controller activates the RF / IR ID Receiver fitted on front end of Office and hence gets the Vehicle Number of the entering vehicle (capturing the signal sent by vehicle s RF / IR ID transmitter). The micro-controller scans its centralized database and displays the details of that vehicle with the current time & date on the LCD. The details are: Registration Number & Model Number with vehicle s body color, Owner s Name & Address, Date of Registration, Current status Clear or is in black list. Power Supply Unit: As this stage has driver & relay stages, requires dual regulated power supply for working purpose. Specially designed +12 & +5 Volts regulated power supply is used to give proper working voltage to the whole section. 4

5 RF ID RECEIVER BUFFER DRIVER RELAYS LCD Micro-controller Block Diagram for Vehicle Tracking Fig. Block Diagram of Vehicle ID Receiver Location 1 Location 2 Location 3 Location n Fig. Block Diagram for Vehicle Tracking 5

6 The public office sets the areas in which the antennas can be placed for displaying the location of the stolen vehicle. The owner of the vehicle lodges a complaint to the public office; then the tracking process begins. The public office scans the database for the details of that particular vehicle which is to be tracked. The IR receiver senses the signal transmitted by the IR transmitter which is placed in the vehicle. Hence the vehicle is tracked and the location is displayed on the LCD screen. When the vehicle moves from one area to the other, the location is updated on the LCD screen. Conclusion: To overcome the GSM limitations, we have used an alternative technology i.e. PHS (Personal Handy-phone System) which is simple, economic and indigenous in design. This resulted in an effective system for our own network system of vehicle tracking facility from a remote end like control room. This project successfully demonstrated the tracking of vehicle location using PHS technology. Using the advanced RTO technology we efficiently demonstrated the accessing and displaying the details of the particular vehicle which has entered into the office zone area. This eliminates the major disadvantage of loss of vehicle documents. Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL) is an advanced method used to track and monitor any remote vehicle equipped with a software unit that receives and transfers signals through PHS. Therefore, considering all the safety aspects, a PHS auto tracking device is a necessity in almost every vehicle. Therefore, AVL can be used for both the small scale as well as large scale based projects and this technology is always proved to be beneficial for the society. Future Scopes The following modifications can be made to the present circuit, which leads to still smarter project. Present Project can handle only two vehicles, which want to pass the one after the other, or one-by-one. This will not happen in actual case. The two track road allows two vehicles at a time, and this complicates the working of the Vehicle Detection Stage. One can enhance the vehicle detection stage to detect any number of vehicles at a time. The ID of vehicles can be made more sophisticated and secured by implementing Microcontroller technology. This system can also be used as advanced Global Positioning System or as an advanced system for Automation and Vehicle Tracking. This project can be efficiently used in Vehicle Tracking & Automation with further improvements. Such as, 6

7 the vehicle owner can pay the toll fee through his credit card by mentioning so in his application form. Hence forth, whenever he come across such s, the System detects the vehicle and charge the fee to his credit card, and allows him to pass the gate without even interrupting him. That makes the owner to feel-free and saves his time & energy.this project is open for developments from all sides. It is the users imagination which limits the working of this project. One can go on adding the extra, rich features to this project. 7