Introduction to Network Virtualization in IaaS Cloud. Akane Matsuo, Midokura Japan K.K. LinuxCon Japan 2013 May 31 st, 2013

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1 Introduction to Network Virtualization in IaaS Cloud Akane Matsuo, Midokura Japan K.K. LinuxCon Japan 2013 May 31 st, 2013

2 About myself l NTTCommunications: OCN, Verio, Arcstar got some background of network product But not engineer :p l Joined Midokura as an employee #9(?) l Senior Manager = Do everything but coding l Trying to build the ecosystem of network virtualization Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved

3 How I met network virtualization a.k.a. Midokura? I don t know anything about Cloud Network But let s jump on the bandwagon!!! Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved

4 My presentation today is about What is Network Virtualization for IaaS Cloud and Why it matters?

5 What I found #1: What is IaaS Cloud? You can get computer resources as much you need, only when necessary CPU Memory Storage Network Free from deployment, operation, troubleshooting Everyone is happy.!? Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved

6 What I found #2 Cloud has been growing... Which means cloud installation base is growing. Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved

7 What I found #3: l An article in 09 says 50K instances are born in AWS everyday (1). What happens if more and more people create Vms with a click of a bottom everywhere? Who takes care of the troublesome network? (1)Source: Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved

8 We need to think about how to build a network for IaaS Cloud! 8

9 What would be the best network for cloud environment? Flat L2 network! It s simple! But you can t create multi-tenant environment! How about VLAN then!? Management would be so complicated! Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved

10 What is the best network for cloud environment? Actually, we want L3 too Firewall and Load Balancer please! Network gets complicated more and more Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved

11 Let s start from Typical IaaS Cloud Network For example.. AWS or OpenStack

12 What are the requirements for IaaS Cloud? uplink Provider Virtual Router (L3) Tenant/Project A Tenant/Project B Tenant A Network A1 Network A2 Network B1 TenantB office Switch A1 Switch A2 Switch B1 VPN Router VM1 VM3 VM5 VM2 VM4 VM6 Office Network Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved 12

13 Requirements uplink Isolated tenant network (virtual data center) Provider Virtual Router (L3) Tenant/Project A Tenant/Project B Tenant A Network A1 Network A2 Network B1 TenantB office Switch A1 Switch A2 Switch B1 VPN Router VM1 VM3 VM5 VM2 VM4 VM6 Office Network Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved 13

14 Requirements uplink Provider Virtual Router (L3) Tenant/Project A Tenant/Project B Tenant A Network A1 Network A2 Network B1 TenantB office Switch A1 Switch A2 Switch B1 VPN Router VM1 VM3 VM5 VM2 Isolated L2 networks VM4 VM6 Office Network Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved 14

15 Requirements uplink Provider Virtual Router (L3) L3 isolation (similar to VPC and VRF) Tenant/Project A Tenant/Project B Tenant A Network A1 Network A2 Network B1 TenantB office Switch A1 Switch A2 Switch B1 VPN Router VM1 VM3 VM5 VM2 VM4 VM6 Office Network Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved 15

16 Requirements uplink Provider Virtual Router (L3) Redundant, optimized and fault-tolerant paths to the Internet (e.g. via BGP) Tenant/Project A Tenant/Project B Tenant A Network A1 Network A2 Network B1 TenantB office Switch A1 Switch A2 Switch B1 VPN Router VM1 VM3 VM5 VM2 VM4 VM6 Office Network Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved 16

17 Requirements uplink Fault-tolerant devices and links Provider Virtual Router (L3) Tenant/Project A Tenant/Project B Tenant A Network A1 Network A2 Network B1 TenantB office Switch A1 Switch A2 Switch B1 VPN Router VM1 VM3 VM5 VM2 VM4 VM6 Office Network Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved 17

18 Requirements uplink NAT, LB, and Firewalls Filtering Provider Virtual Router (L3) Tenant/Project A Tenant/Project B Tenant A Network A1 Network A2 Network B1 TenantB office Switch A1 Switch A2 Switch B1 VPN Router VM1 VM3 VM5 VM2 VM4 VM6 Office Network Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved 18

19 Requirements uplink Provider Virtual Router (L3) Tenant/Project A Tenant A Tenant/Project B L3 (and L2) VPNs Network A1 Network A2 Network B1 TenantB office Switch A1 Switch A2 Switch B1 VPN Router VM1 VM3 VM5 VM2 VM4 VM6 Office Network Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved 19

20 Requirements RESTful API for CMS integration and direct tenant access uplink Provider Virtual Router (L3) Minimize ARP broadcasts by exploiting CMS config DHCP, DNS and other services Tenant/Project A Tenant/Project B Tenant A Network A1 Network A2 Network B1 TenantB office Switch A1 Switch A2 Switch B1 VPN Router VM1 VM3 VM5 VM2 VM4 VM6 Office Network Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved 20

21 How we build it?

22 How to build IaaS Cloud Network? 1 Virtualized physical devices 2 OpenFlow-based hop-by-hop switching fabric Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved

23 1 Virtualized physical devices VLAN VLAN1 VLAN2 l 4096 limit on number of unique tags l Large spanning trees terminating on many hosts l High churn in switch control planes due to MAC learning l Need MLAG for L2 multi-path (vendor specific) Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved

24 1 Virtualized physical devices MPLS VPN tag tag l Often used by Carriers/Teleco, but technically advanced for IaaS l Hardwares could be very expensive Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved

25 1 Virtualized physical devices VRF VRF VRF VRF Core VLAN 10 VLAN11 VLAN12 Product VLAN 20 VLAN21 VLAN22 Sales VLAN 99 l Not scalable to cloud scale l Expensive hardware l Not fault tolerant (HSRP?) l L2 and L3 isolation. What about NAT, LB, FW? Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved 25

26 2 OpenFlow hop-by-hop switch fabric OpenFlow Controller (Cluster) OpenFlow Switches l State in each switch is proportional to the virtual network state l Not scalable, not fast enough to update, and no atomicity of updates l Fault tolerant? Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved 26

27 Can t we do this better?

28 How to build IaaS Cloud Network? 1 Virtualized physical devices 2 OpenFlow-based hop-by-hop switching fabric 3 Edge-to-Edge overlays Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved

29 3 Overlays address the issues of IaaS Cloud Network Virtual network changes don't affect underlay state Edge IP encapsulation provides isolation without using VLAN VM Edge Edge Decoupled from physical network. Wired once Edge Edge Edge VM Use scalable IGP to build multipath underlay with cheap HW Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved

30 Market trend that accelerate IP overlay Packet processing on x86 CPUs (at edge) Intel DPDK facilitates packet processing Number of cores in servers increasing fast Clos Networks (for underlay) Spine and Leaf architecture with IP Economical and high E-W bandwidth Merchant silicon (cheap IP switches) Broadcom, Intel (Fulcrum Micro), Marvell ODMs (Quanta, Accton) starting to sell directly Switches are becoming just like Linux servers 4 Optical intra-dc Networks Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved

31 Overlays are the right approach! But not sufficient. We need a scalable control plane 31

32 Scalable Control Plane for Overlay Intelligence at the edge. CP Edge Scalable and fault tolerant Stateful Database VM CP Edge CP Edge DB DB CP Edge DB CP Edge VM Internet CP Edge Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved Edge Gateway

33 MidoNet * Designed for IaaS Cloud from day one * MidoNet = Overlay + Network Functions L2, L3, Firewall, DNS, BGP, etc * Scalable, distributed control plane * No VLAN, easy to manage. Please come talk to us later Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved

34 Summary * IaaS Cloud needs virtualized network which is designed for IaaS Cloud * There are various technologies such as VLAN, but overlay is the right approach! * Plus, we need scalable control plane! Copyright 2012 Midokura All rights reserved

35 Questions?

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