Extreme Flood Events & their Prevention in Jordan

Transcription

1 The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Ministry of Water & Irrigation Extreme Flood Events & their Prevention in Jordan Eng. Abeer Nassar Eng. Mohammed Bany-Mustafa 2nd Regional Workshop on Dams in the Mediterranean: Silting up and Sustainable Management of the Dam reservoirs Marseille, France 12 th & 13 th December 2010

2 His Majesty speech: Our water situation is a strategic challenge which can not be ignored, and we have to make balance between the domestic, industrial and agricultural needs, while keeping the domestic water issue the fundamental and most important. King Abdullah II Ibn Al-Hussein

3 While Hoping for the Best We Should Also Plan for the Worse and Prepare for it!

4 Flood Events Current Situation Type of Flow Flood Protection Measures Historical Floods (sample) Potential Floods (sample) Flood Luckily protection so far only measures few flood such disasters Gabion occurred Due to the global climate change, it is walls, preliminary Flood flood of Siq channels, noticed 1963 (24 as diversion with people similar dykes, died)-problem countries check dams, and other facilities exist but in completely Wadi the region sometime Types Yutumsolved that: now not of flood enough flows and observed need are; reevaluation Floods There Clear resulting the is and flow a mid shift risk from nineties of assessment Urban about dam damaged breach area one month the in Egyptian Regional the beginning Power plan and and end submarine of the water cable year due Need to Wadi flood for (Oct. Mujib Sediment a sediments national 1 to Sep. flow floodwater 30) (suspended master material plan and to set plans bed and load) projects for flood damage mitigation Flood Wadi Intensities Rahma of the Yutum (in of Wadi rainfall February Araba) are getting 2, 2006higher Debris Flow (seen in Wadi Araba and and south extreme areas) events are frequently seen Need Flood a regional of the Jordan flood management River and Yarmouk and 2003 in the last 4 years warning Floods systems Combination Ma an like 2006 of of several the Yarmouk above types and the Jordan The number River to of utilize storm the events excess is getting floods and Flood store less of them and Mujib successive; and prevent Dam 2006 resulting damage damage in to the to Jordan irrigation extreme Valley equipment floods and some potential scour under the dam, slope stability No SABO The Technology; rainfall isohyetal the closest peak center is Gabion are wall check somehow dams shifting and the to small the south water harvesting dams

5 Flood of the Yarmouk River February, 22, 2003

6 Flood of the Jordan River (near the beginning of the KAC) February, 22, 2003

7 Gabion Baskets (Steps) Embankment Flood Protection Measures Along the Left Bank of Wadi Hasa

8 Wadi Mubruk Flood, 1991 and 2006 and still is a potential Threat Container Port Got Flooded in 1991 and 2006

9 Culvert to pass flood under road and to acceptable point in Sea away from coral Flood South Beach ASEZ Stone pitched grouted riprap conversion chute Drop Channel to dissipate energy Sediment traps (step gabions) Sediment Flow Path Flow Diverson Dyke (Gabion steel mesh boxes) Original path of flood Regional Electric Power Plants Connection with Egypt

10 Wadi Rahma in Wadi Araba Area Alluvial fan flood flow Rahma Village under hazard Existing gabion wall flood diversion dyke protection measure Groundwater supply to village wells recharged by check 100-year flood= 366 m3/s

11 Floods of 2006 in Ma an one person died

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13 Potential Extreme Flood Flows Estimates for Some Wadis in Jordan m 3 /s Wadi 5-year 10-year 25-year 50-year 100-year 500- year Abu Ziad Yabis Kufranja Rajib Shueib Hisban Yutum Wadi Shallalah (ASEZ) Wadi II Wadi Mubruk Wadi Musa (Araba) Wadi Abu Barqa (Araba) Wadi Rahma (Araba)

14 Unity Dam on the Yarmouk River

15 Name of dam Completion year(existing, under construction, suggested) Type of dam Al Wehdah Wadi Arab Ziglab King Talal Karameh Sheib Kafrein Walla Mujib Tannur / / RCC Earth Rock Fill /Zoned Earth fill Earth Rock Fill /Zoned Earth fill Earth fill Earth fill RCC/Ear th Rock Fill /Zoned RCC/Earth Rock Fill /Zoned Height of dam(m) RCC Catchments of dam(km2) 5590(1200 in Jordan) Live storage of dam(mcm) Dead storage of dam(mcm) Purpose of dam Spillway capacity(m3/sec) Yearly safe yield(operational yield)(mcm) Sediment load MCM/yr Irrig.+Drink. Irrig.+Dri nk. Irrigation Irrig.+Elect. Gener. Irrigation Irrig.+Rech. Irrig.+Rech. Rechargi ng Drinking Irrigation 80?? ?? MCM/yr as per design(for16 0 MCM/yr) MCM/yr (estamated for this stage) MCM/yr as per design 14.5 MCM up to now?? 2.1MCM up to now 0.3 MCM

16 Potential Flood Mitigation Software Measures Large dams need software measures like determination of the flood stream hazard mapping and developing an early warning system for evacuation of people downstream of the dams in case of extreme flood, spillage and dam breaching

17 Inhabited Villages in the Jordan Valley Damage to the equipment and agriculture in the Zarqa Triangle Farm units King Talal Dam Zarqa River Bridge at the main JV road will collapse Flood Hazard Mapping of the Possible KTD Breach for Civil defense Emergency Evacation Planning

18 Potential Use and Applicability of Erosion & Sediment Control Technology in Jordan (like the Sabo ) We can try to use arid-land Sabo technology to protect the tourist areas in the south beach in Aqaba: millions of dollars of investment are planned there We can use it also to prevent eco-damage of floods We can use it to prevent flood damage disasters We can use it to increase infiltration potential in addition to sediment and flood control

19 Sediment Loads in Tourist Area Frequency of Occurrence Sediment Quantity Tons 2-year 1, year 12, year 14, year 22,332

20 Schematic of Sediment Load Estimation in Tons

21 Flood of Yutum February 2, 2006 in Focus Damages to ASEZ : 5 people died Damage to the main mechanical wastewater treatment plant (9 Mil $) and halting of its operation and its supply to industry Water over topping the road Damage to 8.5 Kilometer of Disi water supply pipeline (around 20 Million JD) to build a parallel pipeline Airport closed

22 Highway North Airport QIZ Apex of the Fan Rainfall Intensities can reach up to 120 mm/hour for ten minutes ASEZ City

23 Yutum Flood of February 2, 2006 was combined sediment and debris flow (leftout debris) Caution: this type of debris flow cannot be controlled by interceptor channel alone. Need also Check Dams or SABO Flood Flow estimated at 500 m 3 /s (1:45 return period frequency)

24 Local people in Aqaba struggling to get drinking water after the breakage of the main Disi water supply line in the flood of February 2, 2006 for about a week

25 Recommendations A technical group to be setup from all involved Ministries and Offices to discuss how to customize and apply the Erosion and Sediment Control Technology (like the Japanese SABO). Select a model basin study to apply SABO hardware and software technology methods. Recommend that Wadi Yutum be a model Pilot study Research the data availability for the pilot project Request technical assistance to assess the situation and transfer technology to our specialist

26 Recommendations (continued) Some Jordan experts to be trained in Erosion and Sediment Control Technology to see hands on in the field and how they are designed

27 Conclusions From preliminary investigations in the field and from our past flood control project experience in the area, Erosion and Sediment Control Technology like the SABO technology can be transferred with some customization to arid-land hydrology in Jordan

28 Thank you for your kind attention Q&A