How To Write A Web Framework In Java

Transcription

1 Seam Framework Experience the Evolution of Java ЕЕ Second Edition Michael Juntao Yuan Jacob Orshalick Thomas Heute PRENTICE HALL Upper Saddle River, NJ Boston Indianapolis San Francisco New York Toronto Montreal London Munich Paris Madrid Capetown Sydney Tokyo Singapore Mexico City

2 Contents Z3 About This Book About the Authors Acknowledgments xvü xix xxi PART I Getting Started 1 Chapter 1 What Is Seam? Integrating and Enhancing Java ЕЕ Frameworks A Web Framework That Understands ORM Supporting Stateful Web Applications Web 2.0 Ready POJO Services via Dependency Bijection Convention over Configuration Avoiding XML Abuse Designed for Testing Great Tools Support Let's Start Coding! 10 Chapter 2 Seam Hello World Create a Data Model Map the Data Model to a Web Form Handle Web Events Navigate to the Next Page EJB3 Bean Interface and Mandatory Method More on the Seam Programming Model Seam Built-in Components Ease of Testing Getter/Setter-Based Bijection Avoid Excessive Bijection Accessing Database via the EntityManager 20 vii

3 viii CONTENTS 2.7 Configuration and Packaging The WAR File The Seam Components JAR How Is This Simple? 25 Chapter 3 Recommended JSF Enhancements An Introduction to Facelets Why Facelets? A Facelets Hello World Use Facelets as a Template Engine Data List Component Seam JSF Enhancements Seam UI Tags Seam JSF EL Enhancement Use EL Everywhere Seam Filter StatefulJSF Add Facelets and Seam UI Support PDF, , and Rich Text Generate PDF Reports Template-Based Display Rich Text Internationalization 46 Chapter 4 Seam without EJB A Seam POJO Example Configuration Packaging POJO Trade-Offs 52 Chapter 5 Rapid Application Development Tools Prerequisites A Quick Tutorial Setting Up Seam-gen Generating a Skeleton Application Understand the Profiles Developing the Application Building and Deploying Running Test Cases Working with IDEs NetBeans

4 CONTENTS ix Eclipse JBoss Tools and JBoss Developer Studio Generating a CRUD Application from a Database Seam-gen Command Reference 73 PART II Stateful Applications Made Easy 75 Chapter 6 An Introduction to Stateful Framework Correct Usage of ORM Better Performance Better Browser Navigation Support Fewer Memory Leaks High Granularity Component Lifecycle Reducing Boilerplate Code 84 Chapter 7 Thinking in Components Stateful Components Stateful Entity Bean Stateful Session Bean Managing Stateful Components Stateful Component Lifecycle Factory Methods Manager Components Configuring Components through XML Page Navigation Flow 99 Chapter 8 Conversations What Is a Conversation? The Default Conversation Scope Displaying JSF Messages Long-Running Conversations Introducing the Hotel Booking Example The Lifecycle of a Long-Running Conversation Conversation Timeout Managing Long-Running Conversations The Annotation Approach The Navigation Approach Beginning a Long-Running Conversation Inside the Conversation Ending a Long-Running Conversation Links and Buttons New Frontiers 124

5 X CONTENTS Chapter 9 Workspaces and Concurrent Conversations 9.1 What Is a Workspace? Workspace Management Workspace Switcher Carrying a Conversation across Workspaces Managing the Conversation ID Natural Conversations Beginning a Natural Conversation via Links Redirecting to a Natural Conversation Resuming a Natural Conversation Rewriting to User-Friendly URLs Workspace Timeout Desktop Features in a Stateless Web Chapter 10 Nested Conversations 10.1 Why Are Nested Conversations Needed? Continuing the Conversation Understanding the Nested Conversation Context Nesting Conversations The Conversation Stack Managing the Conversation Stack Displaying Breadcrumbs Nested Conversation Timeout Fine-Grained State Management 157 Chapter 11 Transactions and Persistence 11.1 Seam-Managed Transactions Transactional Attributes Forcing a Transaction Rollback Atomic Conversation (Web Transaction) Managing the Persistence Context Seam-Managed Persistence Contexts One Transaction per Conversation PART III Integrating Web and Data Components 175 Chapter 12 Validating Input Data 12.1 Form Validation Basics Validation Annotations on Entity Beans Triggering the Validation Action Displaying Error Messages on the Web Form 12.5 Using JSF Custom Validators

6 CONTENTS XI Chapter 13 Clickable Data Tables Implementing a Clickable Data Table Displaying a Data Table Injecting Selected Object into an Event Handler Using Extended EL in a Data Table Seam Data-Binding Framework 191 Chapter 14 Decoupling Components Using Events The Observer Pattern Component-Driven Events Raising Events Declaratively Observing Events Event Processing and the Events API 199 Chapter 15 Bookmarkable Web Pages Using Page Parameters The Java-Centric Approach Obtaining Query Parameters from an HTTP GET Request Loading Data for the Page Further Processing from the Bookmarked Page RESTful Web Services 211 Chapter 16 The Seam CRUD Application Framework Data Access Objects (DAOs) Seam CRUD DAOs Are POJOs A Declarative Seam DАО Component Using Simpler Names for the Entity Object Retrieving and Displaying an Entity Object Initializing a New Entity Instance Success Messages Queries Dynamic Queries Displaying Multipage Query Results 221 Chapter 17 Failing Gracefully Why Not Standard Servlet Error Pages? Setting Up the Exception Filter Annotating Exceptions Using pages.xml for System Exceptions The Debug Information Page The Facelets Debug Page The Seam Debug Page 230

7 xii CONTENTS Chapter 18 Seam Security Authentication and User Roles Declarative Access Control Page Access UI Components Component Access Control Type-Safe Role Annotations Identity Management Using the JpaldentityStore Using the LdapldentityStore Additional Security Features Simplified SSL Telling Humans and Computers Apart with CAPTCHA 253 PART IV AJAX Support 257 Chapter 19 Custom and AJAX UI Components Autocompletion Text Input Example Rich Input Control Examples A Scrollable Data Table Using RichFaces with Seam Other JSF Component Libraries 266 Chapter 20 Enabling AJAX for Existing Components AJAX Validator Example Programmatic AJAX AJAX Buttons AJAX Containers Other Goodies Using Ajax4jsf with Seam Pros and Cons 278 Chapter 21 Direct JavaScript Integration AJAX Validator Example (Reloaded) Server-Side Component Triggering a JavaScript Event on a Web Page Making an AJAX Call AJAX Progress Bar Seam Components Accessing Seam Components from JavaScript Integrating the Dojo Toolkit Visual Effects Input Widgets 289

8 CONTENTS xiii PART V Business Processes and Rules 293 Chapter 22 Rule-Based Security Framework Rule-Based Access Control Configuring Rule-Based Permissioning Simple Access Rules Per-Instance Access Rules Securing Your Entities 302 Chapter 23 Integrating Business Rules in Web Applications Embedded Rules Rule-Based Behavior Applying Rules Generic Rules The Working Memory Using the Working Memory Dynamically Updatable Rules Building and Deployment Conclusions 313 Chapter 24 Managing Business Processes jbpm Concepts and Vocabulary Application Users and jbpm Actors Creating a Business Process Defining the Process Creating a Business Process Instance Binding Data Objects in Process Scope Managing Tasks Implementing Business Logic for Tasks Specifying a Task to Work On Selecting a Task in the UI Business Process-Based Page Navigation Flow jbpm Libraries and Configuration 333 Chapter 25 Integrating Business Processes and Rules The Process The Rules Conclusions 338 PART VI Testing Seam Applications 339 Chapter 26 Unit Testing A Simple TestNG Test Case Simulating Dependency Bijection 344

9 xiv CONTENTS 26.3 Mocking the Database and Transaction Loading the Test Infrastructure 347 Chapter 27 Integration Testing Simulating JSF Interactions Using JSF EL Expressions Transactional Data Source 355 PART VII Production Deployment 357 Chapter 28 Using a Production Database Installing and Setting Up the Database Installing the Database Driver Defining a Data Source Configuring the Persistence Engine How about Tomcat? 362 Chapter 29 Java ЕЕ 5.0 Deployment JBoss AS JBoss AS 4.2.x and 5.x GlassFish 367 Chapter 30 Performance Tuning and Clustering Tuning Performance on a Single Server Avoid Calling by Value JVM Options Reducing Logging Tuning the HTTP Thread Pool Choosing Between Client-and Server-Side State Saving Using a Production Data Source Using a Second-Level Database Cache Using Database Transactions Carefully Clustering for Scalability and Failover Sticky Session Load Balancing State Replication Failover Architectures 381 PART VIII Emerging Technologies 383 Chapter 31 Scheduling Recurring Jobs from a Web Application Simple Recurring Events Configuring the Quartz Scheduler Service Scheduling Cron Jobs 389

10 CONTENTS XV 31.4 Scheduling Jobs When Starting Up Conclusion 391 Chapter 32 Improving Scalability with Multilayered Caching Multilayered Caching Integrating a Cache Provider through Seam Simplified Caching with Seam 398 Chapter 33 Making Seam Groovy Groovy Entities Groovy Actions Integrating Groovy 406 Chapter 34 Introduction to Web Beans Defining a Web Beans Component Component Injection Producer Methods The Context Model Component Stereotyping Implementing Cross-Cutting Behavior Conclusion 423 Appendix A Installing and Deploying JBoss AS 425 A.l JDK 5.0 Is Required 425 A.2 Installing JBoss AS 426 A.3 Deploying and Running Applications 426 Appendix В Using Example Applications as Templates 427 B.l Simple EJB3-Based Web Applications 428 B.2 POJO-Based Web Applications 433 B.3 More Complex Applications 438 Appendix С Using Maven 441 Appendix D Direct Access to the Hibernate API 451 D.l Using the Hibernate API 451 D.2 Configuration 453 Index 455