Future Trends in ICT & Software Engineering. Presented by Thorsten Engel Partner - Deloitte Consulting

Transcription

1 Future Trends in ICT & Software Engineering. Presented by Thorsten Engel Partner - Deloitte Consulting

2 Table of Contents Key Trends in ICT Market Consolidation Off-Shoring Platforms & Devices Wireless Technology Open Source Service Oriented Architecture Software Engineering Challenges Ingredients for Success Project Management & Strategy Enterprise Architecture Technology Stack Methodology & Tools Deloitte s Approach Deloitte. All rights reserved

3 Software market is consolidating The Big Four Microsoft, IBM, Oracle and SAP together account for 34% of global software revenue. Enterprise Applications Middleware Operating Systems 65% of this market is made up of only two vendors, SAP (45%) and Oracle (20%). Oracle s significant presence is a result of an acquisition strategy, which included the purchase of Peoplesoft/J D Edwards, Siebel and Retek. The Top Five vendors (IBM, BEA, Oracle, Microsoft, Tibco) account for 69% of the Application Integration and Middleware market with IBM clearly leading at 37.2%. Vendor concentration is particularly high in the segment of Database Management Systems where Oracle, IBM and Microsoft account for 86%. Microsoft has a market share of over 90% in PC operating systems. In the market segment of server operating systems Microsoft accounts for 55% followed by Linux with 23% (in 2003). Development Frameworks It is estimated that in terms of use in new development projects JAVA platforms account for 40% and Microsoft.NET for 35%. Gartner projects that by 2008 both platforms will have roughly equal market share Deloitte. All rights reserved

4 Off-shoring continues to blossom Communicat ion Centre Shift A reliable and affordable communication infrastructure made it possible to move software development and IT services to low-cost locations, mainly India, China, Latin America and Eastern Europe. All Major Players Involved IBM, Microsoft, Oracle and SAP all have offshore labs. Sun estimates that half of its software products are built in offshore labs. US Heavily Affected Forrester Research estimates that in the next 12 years, 3.3 million IT jobs will leave the United States and go overseas. India Absorbing New Business Established Indian Firms Bennefit India's IT sector exported $10 billion worth of goods and services in 2003, and projects it will reach between $21 billion and $24 billion in Large Indian services firms (e.g. Infosys, Tata, Wipro) grow significantly faster than established system integration firms Deloitte. All rights reserved

5 New platforms and devices are proliferating As new technologies emerge, businesses learn to adapt. While many methods and devices begin their lives as niche-market consumer goods, devices which expand to mass-market often find their way into the professional world as well. SMS, for example, is becoming an increasingly accepted method of communication. Some industry experts expect the increased risk of information theft and malicious code affecting mobile devices to be one of the greatest upcoming challenges for IT security managers. Smartphones Today's cell phones can play MP3s, and the newest MP3 players can play video and view photos. Bluetooth technology further blurs the line, allowing these devices to talk to each other and share information. PDAs PDAs roll numerous productivity and entertainment functions , calendar, voice, camera, music, and video into one handheld device. Their applications will continue to expand. Set-Top device Set-top devices bring internet and streaming video to the TV set, shaking up the device world and further exploring the possibilities for video distribution Deloitte. All rights reserved

6 Wireless technology is becoming the norm Today, 27% of online consumers go wireless, versus only 9% in Although today's wireless users list their primary venue for unwired connectivity as their home, professional applications continue to expand as well. Power Reliability Percent of Comsumers Using Wireless Internet Access 30 New technologies like the Intel Centrino Duo improve performance and battery life. Focus is now shifting from performance, to performance per watt efficiency for PCs, notebooks and other devices. Electronic automobile safety systems have been introduced to take control of a car when impact seems imminent. While the reliability of office software may seem less critical, their importance to modern business has powerful impact of its own. % Year Deloitte. All rights reserved

7 Open source is becoming respectable Open Source Technologies are becoming recognised by Technology giants e.g. Oracle RDBMS on Linux, Apache Web Server Open Source Frameworks/Platforms are being adopted more widely by Development vendors because of Open Standards Log4J, Eclipse Technology stack is maturing Open Source technology supports all tiers of N Tier application and Open Source tool support across the Build Test Maintain life cycle. Web Server: Apache Struts Log4J App Server: Tomcat, JBoss Persistence Service: Hibernate Unit Testing: JUnit Build Services: Ant, Maven Source Control: CVS DB: PostgreSQL, MySQL Operating System: Linux, BSD Deloitte. All rights reserved

8 Service Oriented Architecture is getting attention Loosely Coupled Distributed Service Oriented Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a concept of exposing business functions (traditionally residing in confined applications) as services both internally and externally. Once standard services are exposed, they can theoretically be aggregated to provide unified views and integrated to automate business processes. A modern SOA uses platform independent interface languages. Tightly Coupled Monolithic Client Client Server Standalone and Closed Dynamic and Open SOA can put more control of business processes in the hands of the business analysts SOA alleviates the dependence on a single package vendor SOA can extend the life of existing applications Deloitte. All rights reserved

9 SOA has evolved from Distributed Object Technologies Distributed Objects (DO) began emerging in the mid 1990s with the development of middleware technologies built upon standards such as CORBA, DCOM and J2EE. DO are specific to one specification/standard (e.g. CORBA or J2EE); the result of which is the formation of middleware islands; each with good internal integration, but poor external integration. SOA is more technology neutral and works at a wider scale; across middleware islands in an enterprise and even across enterprises. SOA has been introduced to tackle the highest-level integration tasks. DOA -Traditional XML Integration Service Producer Object XML XML XSD XSD XML XML XML XML EAI XML XML XSD XSD XML XML Service Consumer XML XML Object Object to XML Mapping XML to XML Mapping XML to Object Mapping SOA - Web Service Integration Service Producer Object WSDL WSDL SOAP SOAP Object ESB Object WSDL WSDL SOAP SOAP Service Consumer Object Web Service Integration minimises the need to develop transformation components and mapping logic Deloitte. All rights reserved

10 What challenges do Software Engineers need to address? New devices present greater opportunities for security breaches Business Demands Agility Increasing demand for technology within the enterprise to support business strategies Shortage of talent in the marketplace with leading edge technology skills Security Capability and SOA s dirty little secret IT Governance & Management Rate of Change Maintainability Rate of innovation by software and hardware vendors lock enterprises into a continual cycle of change and upgrades Distributed technology landscapes present management and maintenance complexities Deloitte. All rights reserved

11 Critical ingredients for success Project Management & Strategy: This is required to align IT with the business and to manage the governance and execution around IT related projects Enterprise Architecture: This is required to deal with complexity and to translate the demand side of the business into the supply side of system related solutions. Enterprise Architecture should cover the business as well as systems. Methodology & Tools: These provide the specific structure of formalism, by which demand can be translated into supply i.e. different ways of bridging the gap between the business and IT. Technology Stack: The underlying technology framework or stack covers all the different components that have to interoperate in order to produce a satisfactory solution. In the case of distributed computing, the stack can be very complex. Methodology & Tools Project Management & Strategy Enterprise Architecture Technology Stack Deloitte. All rights reserved

13 Software development methodologies examples Waterfall Project is divided into tightly controlled sequential phases with extensive documentation. Emphasis on planning, time schedules, target dates and budgets. Formal reviews are common here. Throwaway & Evolutionary Prototyping Not a standalone methodology, but rather an approach to handling a selected portion of a larger methodology Prototype proposals and visions are created, bolstering user involvement and encouraging idea flow Incremental/ Iterative... Development Can be assembled as a series of mini waterfalls, OR Can combine the Waterfall approach with iterative Prototyping, culminating in installation of a working system. Spiral Emphasis on minimising risk by breaking the project into smaller segments, and promoting ease-of-change during development. Each project segment follows a four quadrant plans to ensure consistent planning, risk resolution, development and progression at each stage. RAD (Rapid Application Development) Key objective is creating a fast-delivery and (relatively) low cost solution If project starts to slip, requirements (not deadline) are adjusted User is actively, intensely involved in the process and flexibility is high Deloitte. All rights reserved

14 Development methodology usage Situations Where MOST Appropriate Situations Where LEAST Appropriate Waterfall Requirements are clear and stable Project is large, expensive or complex Manager is less experienced Requirements unclear or subject to change Pressure exists to implement quickly Real-time or event-driven systems Throwaway & Evolutionary Prototyping Online Systems requiring user dialog Project manager is experienced Project objectives are unclear Mainframe-based batch systems Project Team Composition unstable Web-enabled e-business systems Incremental / Iterative Development Large projects with vague requirements Web Information Systems (WIS) Leading-edge applications Small projects of short duration Integration risks are very low Interactive applications for massive analysis Spiral Real-time or safety-critical systems Implementation has priority over functionality, which can be added later High accuracy not essential Minimising resource consumption is a priority RAD (Rapid Application Development) Small-to-medium scale, short duration Team and manager are highly skilled Key technical components already in place Larger projects with high complexity Real-time or safety-critical projects Projects with obscure business objectives Deloitte. All rights reserved

15 There two major stacks for software development J2EE (Java 2 Enterprise Edition) Microsoft.NET An industry development standard which is independent of hardware systems and operating systems. The result of a large industry initiative led by Sun. It was designed to simplify complex problems with the development, deployment, and management of multi-tier enterprise solutions. The J2EE architecture is based on the Java programming language. Write once, run anywhere. Platform Independent. Poor integration with Microsoft products. Has a lot of Open Source support. Microsoft.NET is a set of software technologies for connecting information, people, systems, and devices It is based on Web services small buildingblock applications that can connect to each other as well as to other, larger applications over the Internet. Provides robust and secure execution environment. Supports multiple programming languages (more than 20 languages supported). Easy integration of Microsoft products. Uses XML Web Services so universally interoperable. Platform dependent. Closed Source technology Deloitte. All rights reserved

16 Our conclusion The specific technical skill associated with software engineering and the various technology stacks are typically readily available. Even when a new wave of technology is released, the temporary scarcity of specific skills soon gives way to commoditization. BUT The art of dealing with complexity and the skill of orchestrating an integrated solution out of commoditised components is definitely NOT a commodity, and commands a premium in the market Deloitte. All rights reserved

17 Need for approaches that deal with packages and green field The Realities of Software Engineering Deloitte Solution Increasing complexity of technology products powering business solutions Broader adoption of Software Development capability maturity model (CMM) as a standard measuring method Virtual teams and the need for experts in different technologies Increasingly complex delivery models; nearshore, multi-site offshore The need to manage risk, quality and delivery predictability in today s complex delivery environment The need for integrated solutions as opposed to stand-alone stovepipes Custom Development Playbook and... Enterprise Value Delivery Deloitte. All rights reserved

18 Deloitte: Enterprise Value Delivery - EVD EVD Flow Diagram Vision Plan Design Build Deliver Operate Enterprise Value Delivery is Deloitte s global project methodology comprised of deliverables and tools targeted for the Enterprise Applications (EA) community. The EVD Methodology comprises project phases and threads. The project phases split the project life cycle according to a series of steps whereas the project threads provide a grouping of deliverables according to a common theme across all phases. Deloitte is adding new threads and has made specific additions for aspects such as Tax or Human Capital as well as making specific provision for the use of Off-shoring. EVD Project Threads Value Organizational Readiness Process and Package Business Intelligence Information Technology Support Security and Controls Project Management Deloitte. All rights reserved

19 Deloitte: Custom Development Playbook Full-lifecycle - supports all phases of the development process Integrated Delivery Approach -used consistently by onshore teams and offshore delivery centers; Supports various delivery models Onsite/Onshore Offshore Near shore Co-sourcing Adaptable supports multiple methodologies such as Iterative, Waterfall, RUP etc. Technology independent but provides support for J2EE, Microsoft.Net, etc. CMM/CMMI compliant results measured for continuous improvement Industrial Strength Processes Welldefined and Repeatable processes Deloitte. All rights reserved